Zviri Mukati[Viga][Ratidza]
Wese webhu timu yekuvandudza inoita seti yebvunzo pane zvigadzirwa zvayo, asi iyo webhu mhinduro inopihwa gare gare ine kukanganisa.
Kunyangwe nekuyedzwa kwakanakisa kwemanyorero, zvirema zvinopinda mukati uye zvinotangazve, zvisinei nekuedza kwechikwata cheQA kuvabata kusati kwaburitswa.
Kana zvasvika pakuwedzera kugona uye kuwanda kwekuyedzwa kwesoftware yako, otomatiki webhu kuyedza ndiyo sarudzo yako yakanaka.
Zvekuedzwa pamhepo, iyo Python programming language inopa marobhoti chimiro chinogona kuwedzera maraibhurari ekunze senge selenium.
Mune ino positi, isu tichapfuura nebvunzo makesi uye mamwe mazwi akabatana nePython robhoti chimiro.
Chii chinonzi robhoti framework?
Robot Framework inochinjika yakavhurika-sosi generic otomatiki sisitimu yakanyorwa muPython iyo inoshandiswa kune otomatiki software yekuyedza, marobhoti maitiro otomatiki, kubvuma kuyedzwa, uye kugamuchirwa-inotungamirwa nebudiriro.
Nemashoko akareruka, iPython-based keyword-driven test automation framework.
Inogonesa vaedzi kuti vagadzirise uye vachengetedze manyorerwo akaomarara zvakanaka. Iyo dhizaini inogona kushandiswa kuyedza mashandisirwo emushandisi uye maapplication programming interfaces.
Inobvumira mainjiniya ekuyedza kushandisa Selenium mukuwedzera kune kwakawanda kumwe kubatanidzwa. Selenium iindasitiri-yakajairwa chishandiso che automating hunhu hwevashandisi uye scripting mushandisi-based web browser kudyidzana kune chero webhusaiti.
Chii chinonzi bvunzo yekugamuchirwa?
Inzira yekuona kugona kwehurongwa. Chinangwa chekubvuma kuyedzwa ndechekuongorora kugona kwehurongwa maererano nezvido zvebhizinesi.
Chii chinonzi robotic process automation?
RPA, kana robotic process automation, inzira yekudzikisa basa revanhu kuburikidza nekushandisa software inosanganisira machine learning uye AI kugona. RPA inoshandiswa kuita otomatiki yepamusoro-nhanho, inodzokorodza maitiro.
Chii chinonzi budiriro inotungamirwa nebvunzo yekugamuchirwa?
Kugashira bvunzo-inotungamirwa budiriro, inowanzozivikanwa seATDD, inzira yekusimudzira inotsamira pakutaurirana pakati pevatengi vebhizinesi, vanogadzira, uye vanoedza. Ivo vanobatana uye vanoita bvunzo yekugamuchirwa vasati vatumira chimiro.
Robot framework - High-level architecture
Robot Framework ndiyo dhizaini iri kushandisa uye tekinoroji agnostic. Kuvaka kwayo kwakanyanya modular, sezvinoonekwa pamufananidzo uri pazasi.
Iyo data yekuyedza inounzwa mune yakapfava, inogadziriswa tabular fomati. Robot Framework inoongorora data, inoitisa bvunzo makesi, uye inogadzira matanda nemishumo kana yatangwa.
Iyo musimboti dhizaini haina ruzivo rwechinangwa chiri pasi pekuyedzwa, uye maraibhurari anogadzirisa zvese kudyidzana nazvo. Maraibhurari anogona kukwirisa maturusi ebvunzo akaderera semadhiraivha kana kushandisa zvakananga mashandisirwo ekushandisa.
Features
- Inofambisa bvunzo-inotyairwa nedatha nekubvumira Test Automation kune akasiyana Data types.
- Iyo inodzivirira kushandisa akakosha huwandu hwekodhi uye pachinzvimbo inoshandisa maitiro-inotungamirwa yekuyedza zano.
- Inogona kushanda nemaraibhurari uye mabasa kubva kune vechitatu mapato.
- Mazwi akakosha (pre-defined or user-defined) anoshandiswa muchimiro chetabular kunyora ma test case.
- Vashandisi vanogona kugadzira mazwi makuru.
- Variables inobvumirwa kushandiswa.
- Iyo Framework inoshandisa a keyword-driven method, umo magwaro anonyorwa achishandisa madiki, anonzwisiswa mazwi (anga afanotsanangurwa kana anotsanangurwa nemushandisi).
- Mushure mekuvaka kwega kwega, inoshuma,
- uye matanda anogadzirwa.
- Iyo inogadzira mishumo yakakwana uye matanda emamiriro ekuita script, iyo inonyanya kubatsira kana iyo script yakundikana.
Robot framework tutorial
Ngatitizei.
1. Robot framework Kuiswa
Iyo pip package inokurudzirwa yekuisa iro robhoti chimiro muPython. Kuti uise chimiro, shandisa murairo unotevera.
Iwe unofanirwa kuona ese ari maviri muturikiri uye marobhoti framework shanduro mushure mekubudirira kuisirwa uchishandisa -version sarudzo.
2. Raibhurari
- Builtin -Iri raibhurari yakajairwa ine seti yeanowanzo shandiswa makiyi anotumirwa otomatiki uye anowanikwa nguva dzese.
- Kuunganidza - Inopa seti yemazwi akakosha ekushanda nePython rondedzero uye maduramazwi. Mazwi akakosha eraibhurari anogona kushandiswa kushandura uye kugadzira kukosha kubva pamazita nemaduramazwi.
- Dialogs - Raibhurari yakajairwa yekumisa kuuraya uye kutora mhinduro yemushandisi. Zvichienderana nekuti bvunzo dziri kushanda here, dialogs dzinenge dzisingaenderane.
- DateTime inogonesa iwe kugadzira uye kugadzirisa zuva uye nguva ruzivo.
- Operating System - Inogonesa iyo robhoti chimiro kuita akasiyana-siyana ekushandisa-ane chekuita nehurongwa muhurongwa ichiri kushanda. Inogona, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuita mirairo uye kugadzira uye kugadzirisa data zvakananga.
- Maitiro -Iyi raibhurari inoshandiswa kumhanyisa maitiro uchishandisa Python submodules uye kirasi yakavhurika. Iyo run process kiyi kiyi inoshandiswa kumirira iyo inomhanya maitiro muhurongwa uye kuiunganidza.
- XML iri zvakare raibhurari yezvinyorwa inoshandiswa nerobhoti chimiro kuona uye kugadzirisa zvinyorwa zveXML.
- Tambo ipakiti yekubata nekusimbisa tambo.
- Telnet inoshanda iyo inokutendera iwe kupindirana kuburikidza ne telnet. Iyo telnet raibhurari inokubvumira kuti ubatanidze kune telnet server pane yakajairwa TCP/IP yekubatanidza uye kuita mirairo.
3. Zvishandiso zvakavakwa
Mune marobhoti chimiro, pane kunyanya ina yakavakirwa-mukati maturusi anoshandiswa:
- Rebot - Zvishandiso zvekugadzira matanda uye mishumo kubva kuXML kuburitsa uye kubatanidza zvakawanda zvinobuda panguva imwe chete.
- Testdoc - Kubva pamakesi ebvunzo, Robot Framework inogadzira yakakwirira-level HTML zvinyorwa.
- Libdoc - Keyword zvinyorwa generator kumaraibhurari uye zviwanikwa mafaira.
- Tidy - Robot Framework Zvishandiso zvekuchenesa uye kushandura mafaira edata kune imwe fomati.
4. Test case
Panzvimbo pemakesi ekuyedza otomatiki, makesi ebvunzo ari murobhoti chimiro anogona kunyorwa muchiRungu chakakosha. Miedzo inotevera inogona kushandiswa kurongedza mamiriro ebvunzo.
- Workflow Miedzo
- Yepamusoro-nhanho Miedzo
- Data-driven Tests
Workflow Miedzo
Iwo marobhoti chimiro chekuyedza makesi anowanzo kunyorwa mune tabular syntax. Koramu yekutanga yetafura yetest kesi ine mazita ebvunzo, uye bvunzo kesi inotanga nechero chinhu chiri mukoramu uye inopera neinotevera bvunzo nyaya zita kana tafura yekupedzisira.
Ngatitarisei muenzaniso wepasirese kuti tinzwisise kuti izvi zvinoshanda sei.
- Mushandisi anogona kugadzira account uye kupinda.
- Mushandisi haazokwanisi kupinda kana password isiri iyo.
Miedzo yepamusoro
Koramu yechipiri inowanzo sanganisira zita rakakosha, kunze kwekuseta zvinosiyana zvine keyword-yakanyorwa kukosha.
Iwo marobhoti chimiro chekuyedza makesi anogona kuvakwa uchishandisa chete epamusoro-level keywords uye pasina positional paramita. Kuti uwedzere kunzwisisa kuyedzwa kwepamusoro, funga muenzaniso unotevera.
Data-driven Tests
Kuyedzwa kunotyairwa nedatha kunotsaura data rekuyedza pane kutevedzera maitiro. Mune marobhoti chimiro, iyo [template] yekumisikidza inotsanangura iyo bvunzo kesi yebvunzo inofambiswa nedata.
5. Mazwi akakosha
Kuvaka bvunzo makesi murobhoti chimiro, mazwi akakosha kubva kune maviri masosi anoshandiswa.
- Mazwi akakosha eraibhurari
- Mazwi akakosha eMushandisi
Mazwi akakosha eraibhurari
Maraibhurari akajairwa anotsanangura ese emazwi akaderera-chikamu, anogona kuitwa pachishandiswa mitauro yemakomputa senge. Python uye Java.
Akajairwa, ekunze, uye etsika maraibhurari ari pakati pemaraibhurari ekuedzwa anowanikwa neiyo robhoti chimiro. Iyo yakakosha dhizaini inosanganisira yakavakirwa-mukati, skrini, OS, uye mamwe akajairwa maraibhurari.
Mazwi akakosha eMushandisi
Iko kukwanisa kugadzira yakasarudzika yepamusoro-nhanho mazwi kubva kune iripo mitsara ndeimwe yeakakosha maficha ekugadzira marobhoti. Kuti unzwisise kuti inoshanda sei, ngatitarisei muenzaniso.
6 Variables
Variables chikamu chakakosha cheyese bvunzo kesi murobhoti chimiro. Shanduko inzira yakanaka yekutsanangura chero data muyedzo kesi inogona kushanduka kana kusiyanisa.
Ngatitarisei kuti tingatsanangure sei ma variables mu test case.
Kudoma Variables
Kunze kwekusiyana-siyana kwakatsanangurwa nemushandisi, iro robhoti rakavaka-mukati madhizaini akadai se $ TEMDIR uye $/, yatakashandisa mumuenzaniso wekutanga.
Kushandisa Mamiriro ezvinhu
Variables inogona kushandiswa chero kupi muyedzo kesi.
Nekudaro, iwo anonyanya kushandiswa se keyword nharo. Chimbofunga muenzaniso unotevera kuti uratidze zvandiri kureva.
7. Kuronga nyaya dzebvunzo
Mafaira enyaya yekuyedza anoshandiswa kugadzira makesi ebvunzo dzemarobhoti, asi anogona zvakare kuiswa mumapoka kuti aite madhairekitori kuti agadzire test suite hierarchy. Test suite iboka remakesi ebvunzo. Test suite inoumbwa nemafaira ese ane test case.
Uchishandisa madhairekitori, makesi ebvunzo anogona kuumbwa mune hierarchy; ese aya madhairekitori anopa epamusoro-level test suites ane mazita anobva pamazita edhairekitori.
Kushandisa Setups uye Teardowns
Iyo tafura yekuseta "Test Setup" uye "Test Teardown" sarudzo dzinogona kushandiswa kuita chaiyo kiyi kiyi muyedzo isati yapera kana yapera. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa "Suite Setup" uye "Suite Teardown" kuita mazwi akakosha pamberi kana mushure mebvunzo suite.
Unogona kugadzira tsika [Setup] uye [Teardown] muyedzo kesi, yakafanana ne[Template]. Funga nezvechiitiko chinotevera kuti unzwisise zviri nani izvi.
Kushandisa Tags
Iyo marobhoti chimiro inobvumira ma tag kuti ashandiswe kupa yemahara metadata yekuyedza makesi. "Force Tags" uye "Default Tags" inogona kushandiswa kuseta ma tag mufaira. [Mateki], se[Template], inogona kushandiswa kugovera ma tag kune imwe bvunzo kesi. Ngatitarisei muenzaniso kuti tione mashandisiro atinoita ma tag.
Chirevo chinozosanganisira ma tag ane matest kesi akabatana navo, pamwe nenhamba dzinobva pama tag, mushure mekuurayiwa.
zvayakanakira
- Zviri nyore kuseta Robot Framework.
- Zvinobva pakushandisa mazwi makuru.
- Inokugonesa kushandisa Gherkin.
- Inoshanda nezvose mobile uye web-based apps.
- Iyo Robot Framework's basics zviri nyore kubata.
- Inoshandisa nzira yakaderera-code.
- Windows, Mac OS X, Unix, uye Linux zvese zvinotsigirwa.
- Python, IronPython, uye PyPy ese anotsigirwa mitauro yekuronga.
- Inoshanda nemabhurawuza makuru ese ewebhu.
- Robot Framework ndeye yemahara-kushandisa, yakavhurika-sosi otomatiki chishandiso.
nezvayakaipira
- Parallel test execution haitsigirwe neRobot Framework.
- Iyo Robot Framework yakaoma kuenderana nayo.
- HTML mishumo muRobot Framework yakaoma kuchinja.
- Kugadzirisa zvimwe zvinhu zveRobot Framework zvingave zvakaoma.
- Indentation inosimbiswa zvakanyanya muRobot Framework.
mhedziso
Iyo Robot Platform ndeye yemahara uye yakavhurika-sosi yekugamuchira bvunzo uye yekugamuchirwa inotungamirwa nebvunzo yekuvandudza chimiro.
Iwo marobhoti framework ebvunzo makesi akavakirwa pamazwi akakosha anoratidzwa mune tabular maitiro, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kunzwisisa uye zvinopa ruzivo rwakakwana nezve bvunzo zvinoreva.
Zviri nyore chaizvo uye nyore kushandisa.
Vamwe vako vakamboishandisa, saka kana iwe uine bvunzo dzako dzakamisikidzwa uye yako Android / iOS app yakagadzirira kuenda, edza.
Iwe uchashamiswa nemafambiro anoita zvinhu uye kuti kuyedzwa kwekugamuchirwa kunogona kupera sei.
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