Mayankho odziyesera okha ndi ofunikira popanga chinthu cholimba ndikuloleza Quality at Speed m'dziko lamakono lopanga mapulogalamu.
Mabungwe akuthamangira ku Continuous Integration (CI), Continuous Deployment (CD), Agile, ndi DevOps njira kuti agwirizane ndi zomwe zimafunikira nthawi zonse.
Chofunikira cha izi ndi test automation. Mayankho oyesera okhawo tsopano ali ndi chidziwitso chokwanira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino milandu yoyesa ngati zolinga zawo zazikulu m'malo mongofulumira kuyesa.
Wapambana Agile ndi DevOps kukhazikitsidwa kumatheka ndi test automation. Kuti mupereke mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri mwachangu, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera zoyezera zokha panthawi yoyenera ndikofunikira. Matekinoloje awa amatsimikizira kuti kuthekera konse kwa automation kumakwaniritsidwa.
Chotsatira chake, zida zoyesera zokha ndizofunika kwambiri pakupanga mapulogalamu.
Tikuyang'anitsitsa kuyesa kwa makina mu positiyi, komanso mayankho apamwamba omwe alipo pakali pano.
Kodi Automation Testing ndi chiyani?
Kuyesa makina ndi njira yowunikira zinthu zamapulogalamu pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera zoyesera ndi zomangira kuti muchepetse kutenga nawo gawo kwa anthu ndikukulitsa luso.
Kuyesa kwa makina kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi pulogalamu yodzipangira yokha, yomwe imayendetsa kayendedwe ka mayeso molingana ndi zolemba zoyeserera. Kenako amafaniziridwa ndi zotsatira zomwe zikuyembekezeka kuti zitsimikizire mtundu wake komanso kudalirika kwa pulogalamuyo.
Zimapangitsa munthu kuchita ntchito zofunika mobwerezabwereza komanso zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuchita pamanja. Zotsatira zake, kuyeserera uku ndikofunikira pamayendedwe a CI/CD.
Kuphatikiza apo, zomwe zapezeka pakuyezetsa makina zitha kukhala zomveka komanso zowunikira. Nthawi zambiri, njira zachitukuko zimafuna kubwereza mayeso omwewo kangapo.
Ogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya test automation amatha kulemba mayeso ndikuyendetsa pakafunika kutero popanda kulowererapo kwa anthu.
Zida Zoyesera Zodzichitira Zambuyo
1. Selenium
Selenium ndi chida choyesera chotsegula chomwe chakhalapo kwa zaka pafupifupi 20 ndipo ndi chida choyesera chodzipangira chomwe chimasankha mabizinesi masauzande ambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Selenium yakula pakapita nthawi kuti ikhale yogwira ntchito komanso yokhoza monga momwe chitukuko cha intaneti chakhalira kuyambira pachiyambi.
Yankho laulereli likhoza kusinthidwa kuti ligwirizane ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana, ndipo chifukwa ndilolemba, akatswiri amawongolera bwino kulemba ndi kuyendetsa malemba oyesa.
Selenium, kuwonjezera pa kukhala yaulere komanso yotseguka, imathandizira ambiri zilankhulo zamakompyuta, nsanja, ndi osatsegula. Mayeserowa akhoza kulembedwa m'chinenero cha mapulogalamu cha kusankha kwa woyesa. Selenium imathandiziranso kuyesa kwa mafoni pa Android ndi iOS.
Ili ndi chowonjezera chokulirapo, chophatikizira, ndi laibulale yamapulagi. Palibe chithandizo choperekedwa chifukwa ndi yankho laulere, komabe, pali gulu lalikulu la ogwiritsa ntchito omwe mwina adakumana ndi zovuta ndi zovuta zofanana.
Makampani amitundu yosiyanasiyana agwiritsa ntchito Selenium kuthandizira ma projekiti angapo monga Continuous Delivery, Agile, ndi DevOps.
Kumbali inayi, Selenium ili ndi njira yovuta yophunzirira ndipo imafunikira akatswiri aluso komanso odziwa zambiri kuti apange mayeso. Kukhazikitsa ndikupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito njira iyi "chita nokha" kudzatenga khama ndi ndalama zambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, imangogwira ntchito ndi mapulogalamu ozikidwa pa intaneti ndipo ilibe chithandizo kapena kuthekera kofotokozera. Kukonzekera kopitilira muyeso kudzakhala kofunikira chifukwa mayeso a Selenium ndi olimba ndipo amatha kulephera mosavuta ndi kusintha kwakung'ono kwa UI.
mitengo
Ndi zaulere kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwa aliyense.
2. Autify
Njira yoyesera yodzipangira yokha yoyendetsedwa ndi AI yotchedwa Autify imapereka kuyesa kwapaintaneti ndi mafoni. Magulu ochokera ku Unity, GA Technologies, Radar, DeNA, Zozo, ndi Globis tsopano akugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyesera yolunjika iyi.
Polumikizana ndi pulogalamuyi ngati kuti ndinu wogwiritsa ntchito, mutha kupanga zochitika zoyeserera. Aliyense akhoza kupanga mayeso ndi mawonekedwe awo opanda code, osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Amathandizira zinthu za Shadow DOM ndikupereka kuyeserera kofananira komanso kuyezetsa kowona.
Kutha kuyesa mpaka 10 osatsegula osatsegula nthawi imodzi, AI yomwe imatsata pulogalamu ya UI ndikusintha zochitika zoyeserera zokha ngati zosintha zapezeka, komanso kuthekera 'kokusonkhanitsa' zinthu zambiri mu Gulu la Step kuti mugwiritsenso ntchito mosavuta ndi zina mwazofunikira.
CircleCI, Jenkins, Webhook, TestRail, ndi Slack zonse zimaphatikizidwa ndi Autify.
mitengo
Imapereka kuyesa kwaulere kwa masiku 14 kuti muyese nsanja ndipo muyenera kupempha mtengo wamitengo yake.
3. Zolemba za Testrigor
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa TestRigor kumathandizira oyesa kulemba mayeso ovuta kumapeto mpaka kumapeto pogwiritsa ntchito malangizo osavuta achingerezi.
AI yathandizira kwambiri kupanga ndi kuyesa mayeso. Pamodzi ndi izi, kulumikizidwa kwapaipi kwa CI/CD kopanda msoko kumaperekedwa. Popanda kulemba mzere umodzi wa code, ndizotheka kupanga mayeso ovuta kwambiri ochita kupanga.
Kuyesa kumatha kukhala kokhazikika chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa nsanja yodziyesa zokha zoyeserera zonse ndikupereka malingaliro ndi zosintha zofunika.
Poyerekeza ndi nsanja zina zodziwika bwino, mayeso opangidwa ndi TestRigor amafunikira kusamalidwa kocheperako. Kuti zithandizire pakuwongolera kotsatira, sitepe iliyonse yoyeserera imapanganso zowonera.
Yankho loyezetsa lokhalamoli litha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakompyuta, mafoni, pa intaneti, ndi kuyesa kwa API ndipo lili ndi zolumikizira zosiyanasiyana. Pulatifomu imapangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kupanga ndikuyesa mayeso mwachangu, ndipo imakula bwino.
mitengo
Pulatifomu ndi yaulere kugwiritsa ntchito poyamba, ndipo mitengo yamtengo wapatali imayamba pa $90 pamwezi.
4. QA Wolf
Gulu la akatswiri odziwa ntchito za QA limapatsidwa QA Wolf, njira yoyesera yoyeserera yomaliza mpaka kumapeto, kuti ipange, kuchita, ndikubwereza mayeso anu onse ofunikira.
Ndi ntchito yomwe imakuchotserani udindo wochita ntchito yamkati ya QA osati chida chabe. Pasanathe miyezi inayi, QA Wolf idzagwira ntchito nanu kuti mupange mayesero omaliza omwe angakufikitseni ku 80%.
Muli ndi mwayi wopeza chitukuko munthawi yonseyi pomwe Playwrite imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga dongosolo lanu loyesa.
Muli ndi ma code omwe amapanga, kotero ndinu omasuka kuwatengera kulikonse komwe mukufuna - ngakhale zitatanthauza kusiya QA Wolf. QA Wolf imalumikizana ndi ntchito ngati Stripe, Salesforce, opereka maimelo, Auth0, SMS, Github, ndi zina zambiri ndi API yake yosinthika.
mitengo
Mitengo sinalembedwe papulatifomu, chifukwa chake chonde lemberani malonda kuti mudziwe zambiri.
5. Katalon
Katalon ndi chida chodziwika bwino choyesera chodziwikiratu chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi chotsika mtengo komanso chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza pa mtundu woyambira waulere, pali mtundu wa pro wokhala ndi zinthu zingapo.
Chida chotsegula cha Selenium chimagwira ntchito ngati maziko a injini ya Katalon, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zina mwazodalirika za Selenium ndi nkhawa zosamalira zimaperekedwa ku Katalon.
Kuchotsa zolakwika, kuwunikira ma syntax, ndi malingaliro a ma code ndi zida zochepa zomwe zimapangitsa kuyesa kukhala kosavuta. Ma tempulo angapo oyikiratu omwe amatha kuthandizira kupanga gulu mwachangu komanso kosavuta ndizinthu zodziwika bwino.
Popanda kuphatikiza kwina, kuyesa kwa API ndikotheka. Imagwiritsa ntchito makina apawiri scripting kuti athe kusinthasintha komanso imapereka kusankha kwakukulu kophatikiza. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa pakompyuta, pa intaneti, pamafoni, ndi ma API.
Ndi GUI yake yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso lipoti labwino kwambiri komanso kusanthula, Katalon ndiyodziwika bwino. Ponena za izi, sizosinthika mokwanira pankhani ya zilankhulo zolembera.
mitengo
Mutha kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja kwaulere ndipo mitengo yamtengo wapatali imayambira pa $25/mwezi.
6. mayeso
Testim ndi nsanja yodziyesera yokha yomwe imalola kupangidwa mwachangu kwa mayeso odalirika oyendetsedwa ndi AI komanso zida zowongolera bwino. Zimagwiritsa ntchito nzeru zochita kupanga kuzindikira ndi kutseka zowoneka, komanso kukonza kukhazikika kwa mayeso a UI.
JavaScript yokhazikika yomwe imalowa kapena kutuluka mumsakatuli imatha kuphatikizidwa pamayeso. Mayesero ake amalembedwa ndikusinthidwa mu mkonzi wake wowonekera. Opeza mphamvu za AI amatseka zinthu nthawi yomweyo.
Masitepe oyesera ndi zinthu zosiyana zomwe zitha kukhazikitsidwa, kugawidwa, kuphatikizika, ndi kukhazikitsidwa. Testim imathandizira kuti mayeso akhale oyera popeza njira zoyeserera zomwe zingasinthidwe ndi zinthu zomwe zimagawidwa.
Mayeso atha kuchitidwa kwanuko, pagulu la Testim, kapena pamagulu omwe amagwirizana. Testim imalumikizana ndi zida zachitukuko zodziwika bwino monga mgwirizano, VCS, ndi maseva ophatikizana mosalekeza.
Ilinso ndi ndandanda yamayendedwe omwe adakonzedwa. Mayeso amathandizira pakuwongolera moyo woyeserera kuyambira pakulemba mpaka pakuwunika, kuchitapo kanthu, kapena kudzipatula.
Ma Dashboards amawonetsa zotsatira zoyeserera, ndipo malipoti a oyang'anira amavumbulutsa momwe gulu ndi mayeso amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe zimathandizira pakuzindikiritsa kusintha kwadongosolo. Zizindikiro zolephereka, zithunzi zisanachitike/zitatha, zotonthoza zodulidwa, ndi zipika za netiweki zimapereka kusanthula kwazomwe zimayambitsa.
mitengo
Mutha kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja kwaulere ndipo mitengo yamtengo wapatali imayambira pa $450/mwezi.
7. Mapulogalamu
Applitools imapereka makina oyesera apamwamba kwambiri okhala ndi mayeso odzisamalira okha pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono, wotsogola.
Imagwiritsa ntchito makina otchedwa Visual AI, omwe bizinesiyo imawatcha kuti AI-aided masomphenya a makompyuta. Izi zimathandiza kuyesa kudzisamalira ndikuchepetsa kufooka kwa mayeso, kutulutsa zopezeka zodalirika.
Imathandizanso kuphatikizika kosiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana kofunikira. Tekinoloje ya masomphenya apakompyuta yoyendetsedwa ndi AI imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Applitools kupanga ndi kuyesa mayeso amphamvu omwe amadzisintha okha.
Pulatifomuyi imapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kupanga mayeso athunthu mumphindi zochepa, ndipo ndizothandiza makamaka pakuyesa kuyambiranso (kapena kuyesa kotsimikizira). Pazochitika zogwiritsa ntchito zojambula zowoneka bwino, iyi ndi yankho labwino.
mitengo
Chonde lumikizanani ndi malonda kuti mudziwe mtengo wake popeza sunatumizidwe papulatifomu.
8. Chizindikiro choyesa
Testsigma ndi chida china choyesera chomwe chimathandizira kupanga mayeso athunthu popanda kufunikira kwa code. Ndi pulogalamu yotseguka yomwe imalola kupanga mayeso osavuta a intaneti, mafoni, ndi nsanja za API.
Itha kukhazikitsidwanso pamalopo pogwiritsa ntchito malo a Linux, omwe ndi kuthekera komwe machitidwe ambiri opikisana alibe.
Oyesa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nsanjayi kupanga zoyeserera zapadera kwambiri ndikuyesa kuyesa kofananira pazida zambiri, asakatuli, ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito. Iyi ndi njira yodabwitsa kwa magulu a Agile ndi Continuous Delivery.
Kuphatikiza apo, zolumikizira zingapo zovuta monga Jira, Slack, BrowserStack, ndi Jenkins zitha kuthandiza kukulitsa kufunikira kwa nsanja. Testsigma imagwiritsanso ntchito AI kukonza zoyeserera ndikuphatikizanso kasamalidwe kambiri koyesa ndi kuwongolera kwazomwe zipangizo.
mitengo
Mutha kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja kwaulere ndipo mitengo yamtengo wapatali imayambira pa $349/mwezi.
9. Kobiton
Pulatifomu yokhala ndi mitambo yoyesera mapulogalamu mafoni yotchedwa Kobiton imathandizira ogwiritsa ntchito kupanga ndi kuchita zoyeserera zamanja ndi zodzichitira, magwiridwe antchito, ndi zowonera pazida zenizeni za Android ndi iOS.
Zonse ziwiri za Kobiton AI-driven scriptless solution ndi AI-assisted script kupanga amalola ogwiritsa ntchito. Imathandizira kuyesa kofananira, kupangitsa makasitomala kuti azingoyesa mayeso nthawi imodzi.
Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuyesa mayeso angapo nthawi imodzi pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya asakatuli ndi zida pogwiritsa ntchito Selenium Webdriver. Kuphatikiza apo, ogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito labu yathunthu yokhala ndi zida zam'deralo, zachinsinsi, komanso zamtambo.
Kobiton's scriptless automation imapangitsa kuti zitheke kuyesa mayeso am'manja popanda kufunikira kwa zolemba zovuta za Appium. Kuphatikiza apo, imathandizira ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha zolemba zoyeserera zokha kukhala magawo oyesa amphamvu.
mitengo
Pulatifomu imapereka kuyesa kwaulere ndipo chonde lumikizanani ndi malonda kuti mudziwe mtengo wake popeza sunatumizidwe papulatifomu.
10. Cypress
Cypress ili ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi mayeso omaliza mpaka-mapeto omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe amakono a JavaScript. Mapulojekiti opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba monga Vue, Angular, ndi React amachita bwino kwambiri ndi Cypress.
Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi mphamvu yosinthira mapulogalamu operekedwa ndi seva. Yankho lotsegukali limadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha zolemba zake zambiri komanso zochulukira, komanso malaibulale ambiri omwe amaperekedwa.
Ndi kupanga ndi kuyeserera kofulumira kwa mphezi, mawonekedwe ngati kusintha kwa DOM ndi mthunzi wa DOM angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zoyeserera zomaliza mpaka-mapeto.
Kuphatikiza pa kuyesa kofananira, Cypress imalolanso kuthamangitsidwa kwa magalimoto pamaneti ndi kunyoza kachidindo - zinthu zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzipeza munjira zina zoyeserera zokha ndikugogomezera kuyesa komaliza.
mitengo
Mutha kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja kwaulere ndipo mitengo yamtengo wapatali imayambira pa $75/mwezi.
Kutsiliza
Mapulogalamu apadziko lonse lapansi samabwera opanda zolakwika kapena zolakwika. Njira yabwino ndiyo kuyesa pulogalamuyo mozama ndikuwongolera zolakwika zilizonse zomwe zapezeka.
Kuti mukwaniritse izi, mufunika ogwira ntchito odalirika, aluso oyesa otsimikizira zaukadaulo. Kuphatikiza pa mndandanda womwe walembedwa m'nkhaniyi, pali zida zina zowonjezera zomwe zimayang'ana mitundu yosiyanasiyana yoyesera.
Ngakhale ena ali ndi zilolezo, ena ndi zida zodzipangira zokha. Kuti mupange mapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri mwachangu, kusankha kwaukadaulo woyeserera kumatengera zosowa za kampani.
Siyani Mumakonda