Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
Namuhla, cishe yonke into ilawulwa ngekhompiyutha futhi yakhelwe, kusukela ku-software yasebhange kuya ezinhlelweni zokulandelela ababa khona. Akumangazi ukuthi ngo-2024, kuzobe kukhona ochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe abayizigidi ezingama-28.7 emhlabeni jikelele.
Njengamanje, kunezilimi zokuhlela ezahlukahlukene ezingaba ngu-600 ezitholakalayo. Unyaka wonke, imakethe nokubonakala kwezilimi ezihlukahlukene zokuhlela kuyashintsha. Kukhona nenani lezilimi ezintsha zokuhlela ezinezici ezihehayo. Ukunquma phakathi kwezinketho eziningi zokuthi ungawuqala kanjani umsebenzi wokuhlela amakhompyutha kunzima.
Ngokuphambene, naphezu kokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-C++, i-Java, ne-Python azikaze zilahlekelwe noma yikuphi ukuheha kwazo uma kuziwa ezinhlelweni zokuncintisana nokubhala amakhodi. Ukwengeza, izilimi zokuhlela ze-C++, Java, ne-Python zenza kube nokwenzeka ukudala cishe noma yini.
Iluphi ulimi lokuhlela okufanele ulufunde? Ulimi ngalunye lunamandla nobuthakathaka balo, ngakho-ke olungcono kakhulu kuwe luncike ezidingweni zakho ezithile. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka i-C++, Java, nePython - izilimi ezintathu zezinhlelo ezidume kakhulu namuhla. Sizowaqhathanisa futhi siwaqhathanise ukuze sikusize unqume ukuthi iyiphi ekulungele. Ngakho ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, ake siqale!
C ++
U-Dennis Ritchie, indoda yolimi lwezinhlelo ze-C, wasebenza no-Bjarne Stroustrup e-Bell Labs ngawo-1970 ukuze bakhe C ++. Amakhono agxile entweni we C ++ zengezwe njengesandiso ku-C. Ngokwesilinganiso se-TIOBE, i-C++ iwulimi lwesine olwaziwa kakhulu lokuhlela.
Izici ze-C++
- I-C++ iwulimi oluthayiphiwe ngokwezibalo, okusho ukuthi ikhodi ihlolelwa amaphutha ngaphambi kokuthi ihlanganiswe. Lokhu kuvumela ikhodi ethembeke kakhulu nevikelekile.
- Iyashesha, okwenza ilungele ukubhala ikhodi ezwela isikhathi noma ikhodi edinga ukusebenza kahle kakhulu.
- Inezinhlobonhlobo zamalabhulali atholakalayo, angasetshenziswa ukwengeza ukusebenza kukhodi yakho.
- I-C++ iyaphatheka, okusho ukuthi ingaqhutshwa ezisekelweni eziningi.
- I-C++ iwulimi olugxile entweni, okusho ukuthi ikhodi ingahlelwa ngezinto namakilasi. Lokhu kwenza ikhodi ifundeke kakhudlwana futhi isebenziseke kabusha.
- Uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izilimi, i-C++ inejika lokufunda elibukhali. Nokho, uma usufunde okuyisisekelo, uzokwazi ukubhala ikhodi ngokushesha okukhulu.
Sebenzisa-Amacala
Abahleli basebenzisa kakhulu i-C++ ngoba yenza kube lula ukuhlela okugxile entweni futhi inikeza ukufinyelela kuhadiwe. I-C++ ingase isetshenziselwe ukwakha uhlelo olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezifana nalezi:
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe ku-GUI: I-C++ ingasetshenziselwa ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe ku-GUI kusetshenziswa imitapo yolwazi ehlukahlukene njenge-Qt.
I-Adobe Photoshop ne-Illustrator: Umhleli wesithombe se-Adobe Photoshop kanye nohlelo lokudweba i-Adobe Illustrator vector zombili zidalwe kusetshenziswa i-C++.
Amasistimu wokuSebenza: IWindows NT, 2000, XP, Vista, nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyi-7 zonke zidalwe kusetshenziswa i-C++.
Iziphequluli Zewebhu: I-Mozilla Firefox ne-Google Chrome yizibonelo ezimbili zeziphequluli zewebhu ezidalwe kusetshenziswa i-C++.
Java
U-James Gosling uhlonishwa ngokwakha ulimi lokuhlela olugxile entweni Java ekuqaleni kwawo-1990. I-Java yakhelwe emicabangweni yokucaca, ukwethembeka, ukukala, ukuzimela kweplathifomu, ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukufunda okuningi, ukuzimela kwengqalasizinda, kanye nokusebenzisana ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.
Kusukela yaqala ukuvela ngo-1995, i-Java isalokhu iwulimi lwesithathu olusetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izici ze-Java
- I-Java iwulimi lokuhlela olugxile entweni olusebenzisa amakilasi nezinto ukuphatha ikhodi. Uhlelo olugxile entweni luyipharadigm yokuhlela edumile esiza onjiniyela baklame amasistimu ngokuwamodela alandele izinto ezisemhlabeni wangempela.
- Amandla ayo okucubungula okufanayo enza kube nokwenzeka ukubhala izinhlelo ezingenza imisebenzi eminingana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- Ngabahlanganisi be-Just-In-Time, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Java zingazuza ukusebenza kahle okuhle kakhulu kuyilapho ziphethe idatha enkulu yesikhathi sokusebenza engaqinisekisa futhi ixazulule ukufinyelela kwesikhathi sokusebenza ezinkampanini ezihlukahlukene.
- I-Java iyipulatifomu ezimele, okusho ukuthi ikhodi ye-Java ingasebenza kunoma iyiphi inkundla esekela i-Java ngaphandle kokudinga ukuhlanganiswa kabusha.
- Ku-Java, ukuqoqwa kukadoti okuzenzakalelayo nokulawulwa kwensiza kuyasekelwa, okuphatha umjikelezo wempilo yento.
Sebenzisa-Amacala
Izicelo Zewebhu: I-Java iyisinqumo esidume kakhulu sokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu.
Idatha Enkulu: Ukuqina kwe-Java, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nekhono lokuphatha inani elikhulu ledatha kuyenza ibe inketho ekahle Yedatha Enkulu.
I-IoT: Isetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-IoT ngenxa yokuzimela kwayo kweplatifomu, ukuqina, nokuphepha.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwegeyimu: I-Java isetshenziswa ekuthuthukisweni komdlalo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu, ukuphatheka, kanye nekhono lokudala ihluzo ngokushesha.
Python
Python yasungulwa ngo-December 1989 ngu-Guido van Rossum, ngaleso sikhathi owayengumhleli wezinhlelo wase-Dutch owayesebenza e-National Research Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science e-Netherlands.
Umgomo ka-Van Rossum kwakuwukuklama ozongena esikhundleni solimi lokuhlela lwe-ABC owayekwazi ukuphatha nokusebenzelana nesistimu yokusebenza ye-Amoeba.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, iPython yayisewulimi olungaziwa, kodwa konke lokho kwashintsha lapho u-van Rossum eshicilela ikhodi yomthombo ngo-1991 futhi ekhulula inguqulo 1.0 ngo-1994. amawebhusayithi amakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, kufaka phakathi iReddit, Instagram, neNetflix.
Izici zePython
- I-Python iwulimi lokuhlela oluhlakaniphile, okusho ukuthi ingenza okuningi ngenani elincane lekhodi.
- I-Python ine-syntax elula kakhulu okulula ukuyifunda kwabaqalayo.
- Uma kukhulunywa ngohlelo, iPython ihlinzeka ngezinhlaka namamojula anhlobonhlobo akwenza kube lula ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi. Manje sekunemitapo yolwazi eyi-137,000 yePython etholakalayo.
- Ukufunda okujulile kanye nokucutshungulwa kolimi lwemvelo yizindawo ezimbili ezengeziwe lapho iPython isetshenziswa kabanzi.
- I-Python iwulimi olutolikiwe, okusho ukuthi ayidingi ukuhlanganiswa ngaphambi kokuthi isetshenziswe. Lokhu kwenza kusheshe kakhulu ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-prototype.
Sebenzisa-Amacala
Isayensi Yedatha: I-Python isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wesayensi yedatha. I-syntax yayo ilula kakhulu futhi imfushane, okwenza kube lula ukufunda nokubhala ikhodi. Ukwengeza, i-Python inenani lemitapo yolwazi namathuluzi ayenza ilungele ukuhlaziya idatha nokukhohlisa.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwewebhu: I-Python nayo ingasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukiswa kwewebhu. Eqinisweni, amanye amawebhusayithi aziwa kakhulu emhlabeni, kufaka phakathi iReddit ne-Instagram, akhiwe kusetshenziswa iPython. Ukwengeza, uhlaka lwewebhu ye-Django lubhalwe nge-Python futhi lusetshenziswa izinkampani eziningi ezinkulu, kuhlanganise ne-Google.
Ukufunda ngomshini: Ukufunda ngomshini kungenye yezinkambu ezishisa izikhotha kwisayensi yekhompiyutha njengamanje, futhi iPython ingolunye lwezilimi ezingcono kakhulu ongazisebenzisa ekufundeni komshini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-Python inenani lemitapo yolwazi enamandla, njenge-TensorFlow ne-Keras, eyenza kube lula ukwakha amamodeli okufunda omshini ayinkimbinkimbi.
I-Web Scrapping: Ingasetshenziselwa i-web scraping, okuyinqubo yokukhipha idatha kumawebhusayithi. Lokhu kuwusizo ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa, njengokuqoqa idatha yocwaningo lwemakethe noma ukwakha isizindalwazi solwazi lomkhiqizo.
Isiphetho
Izilimi zokuhlela ezifana ne-C++, Java, nePython ziyisihloko sengxoxo engapheli. Akekho owinile ocacile ezimweni eziningi. Ulimi ngalunye lokuhlela lwakhiwe ukuze kuxazululwe inselele ethile futhi likuhlomele kangcono ukwenza kanjalo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo, yenza uhlu lwazo zonke izindlela nezinjongo.
Umsebenzi osuwenzile ikakhulukazi ulawula ukukhethwa kolimi lokuhlela. Ngenxa yalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi uqale ubambe zonke izimfuneko ngaphambi kokukhetha ulimi lokuhlela olungazuza kakhulu ngaphandle kokudala ubunzima obuningi, obufana ne-C++, Java, noma Python.
shiya impendulo