Ngaba kukho inkululeko ekukhetheni ihardware yakho? Fumana ukuba i-RISC-V iyivula njani indlela yentshukumo entsha yehardware enemithombo evulekileyo.
Uninzi lwabadlali abaphambili kwishishini le-semiconductor bagcina uyilo lwabo lungabanini kwaye abavelisi bezixhobo kufuneka bahlawule imirhumo yelayisensi yokuzisebenzisa.
Ukungavisisani kwezorhwebo phakathi kwe-US, i-China kunye ne-Taiwan ibonelela ngomngeni kwikhonkco lokubonelela nge-semiconductor. Abavelisi bezixhobo ezincinci nabo bayasokola ukuhlawula le ntlawulo kwaye umqobo wokungena uphezulu kakhulu.
Ngendlela efanayo neenkqubo zokusebenza ezivulelekileyo ezifana neLinux zixhobise abaphuhlisi, umgangatho omtsha ovulekileyo unokushukumisa indlela esiyila ngayo kwaye senze izixhobo ezisebenza kwihlabathi namhlanje.
Kwesi sikhokelo, siza kujonga kwimbali yoyilo lwe-RISC, silinganise izinto ezilungileyo kunye neengxaki zobuchwephesha, kwaye singene kwizicelo ezimbalwa zeRISC-V onokuzifumana namhlanje.
Kodwa okokuqala, ukuqonda ukuba kutheni i-RISC-V inomdla kangaka, kufuneka siqonde indlela iikhompyuter ezisebenza ngayo.
Yintoni iSeti yoMyalelo?
Iseti yomyalelo ibhekisa kwiseti yemisebenzi eyenziwe yikhompyuter ukuba iyenze kwinqanaba lomatshini.
Cinga ngale njengeyona miyalelo isisiseko njengokongeza, ukuphindaphinda, ukulayisha, kunye nokugcina idatha. Ulwakhiwo lweseti yomyalelo lolona jongano lubalulekileyo kwikhompyuter kuba lwahlulahlula ihardware kunye nemiba yesoftware.
Iseti yemiyalelo ye-CPU isixelela ukuba i-CPU inokwenza ntoni na ngokokunqunyanyiswa kuyilo lwehardware yayo.
Ukuba ucela i-CPU ukuba yongeze amasuntswana amabini kunye, iya kuyazi kakuhle into emayiyenze kuba kukho umyalelo owakhelwe-ngaphakathi kwi-hardware ukulungiselela lo myalelo.
Imisebenzi entsonkothileyo njengokulayisha ividiyo yeYouTube, ukudlala i umdlalo yevidiyo, okanye ukuthumela i-tweet kubandakanya ukubiza izigidi zale miyalelo isisiseko efunyenwe ngaphakathi kweseti yomyalelo we-CPU.
Ulwakhiwo lolwakhiwo lwemiyalelo eqhelekileyo (ISAs) lubandakanya i-ARM kunye ne-Intel's x86, eyeyangaphambili yeyona ISA isetyenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ezi ISA zaqala ukuphuhliswa kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo phantsi kwelayisensi yobunini. Kuloo minyaka yangaphambili, uninzi lwezixhobo zekhompyuter kunye nesoftware yayingabanini.
Yintoni iRISC?
Ngexesha lee-1970s, iinjineli zekhompyuter zazijonge ukugxila ekwandiseni ubunzima boyilo lwekhompyuter.
I-teknoloji ye-Semiconductor yayihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye yayikwazi ukwenza inani elikhulu lemiyalelo. Oku kukhokelele kudidi lwekhompyutha olwaziwa ngokuba zii-CISCs, okanye iikhompyutha zokuseta imiyalelo entsonkothileyo.
Kuvela ukuba uninzi lwemiyalelo ayifane isetyenziswe ekusebenzeni, njengakwizinga eliphezulu leelwimi zekhompyuter ezifana noC. David Patterson kunye noCarlo Sequin weYunivesithi yaseCalifornia eBerkeley bacinga ukuba ukusebenza okungcono kunokuphunyezwa kwinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu. iindleko ngokwenza lula iprosesa.
Ngokunciphisa inani lobunzima, banokusebenzisa indawo eseleyo kwimemori. Olu qikelelo lwabizwa ngokuba yi-RISC, okanye ikhompyutha ecuthiweyo yomyalelo.
Iprojekthi yeRISC-I yaqala njengeprojekthi yophando ejolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ikhompyutha yeRISC yayinokwenzeka. Abafundi baseBerkeley banokwenza uyilo olusebenza ngemiyalelo engama-31 kuphela.
Icandelo lolawulo kunye nemiyalelo ye-chip ithathe kuphela i-6% ye-silicon yokufa, ngelixa ezinye iitshiphusi ziya kusebenzisa isiqingatha ngenjongo efanayo. Iirejista zongezwa ukuze kuzaliswe indawo ekhululekileyo. Ezi rejista zivumele itshiphu ukuba ibambe imemori engaphezulu yokusebenza.
Uyilo lwe-RISC lufumene impumelelo yorhwebo kwi-1980s. Nangona kunjalo, iichips ezininzi zakhawuleza zayeka ukuthandwa. Okwangoku, iiprosesa ezisekwe kwi-ARM zezona ziqhelekileyo iprosesa yeRISC, ngenxa yokuxhaphaka kwee-smartphones zanamhlanje eziphantse zisebenzisa iitshiphusi ze-ARM.
Yintoni iRISC-V?
I-RISC-V ibhekisa kumyalelo othile ovulelekileyo ojolise ekulandeleni imigaqo yeRISC. Ngokungafaniyo noyilo oluninzi lwe-ISA, i-RISC-V ISA ayifuni ntlawulo yokuyisebenzisa.
Uyilo lwe-RISC-V lwaqala njengeprojekthi yophando ka-Krste Asanović e-UC Berkeley, kodwa kamva wamema abaxhasi abavela kwihlabathi lonke.
I-CPU esekwe kwiRISC ineseti eyenziwe lula yemiyalelo ethatha umjikelo wewotshi enye kuphela ukugqiba. Barhweba ngobunzima kunye nokusebenza okukhawulezayo ngokusetyenziswa koyilo lwevenkile yomthwalo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba imiyalelo idilesi kuphela kwiirejista, ezikhawuleza kakhulu ukufikelela kunememori engundoqo.
I-RISC-V ikwaxhasa ubume bombhobho obusebenzayo, obuvumela imiyalelo emininzi ukuba iphunyezwe ngokuhambelanayo.
Ngenxa yokuba i-RISC-V ingumgangatho ovulekileyo, nabani na unokusebenzisa imiyalelo esetelwe imveliso yakhe, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwinguqu kwindawo yehardware evulekileyo.
Ezona mpawu
- Iseti yomyalelo olula- Ukunqongophala koluhlu oluntsokothileyo lwemiyalelo kuvumela imiyalelo ukuba iphunyezwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye yenza kube lula ukubethelela imiyalelo emininzi.
- Ukuthotyelwa – I-RISC-V inesiseko esisezantsi se-ISA kwaye iza nezandiso ezisemgangathweni ezahlukeneyo. Oku kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bakhethe kuphela iindawo abazifunayo xa besakha iitshiphusi zabo zeRISC-V.
- Ukwanda -Imisebenzi ethile inokongezwa kwi-ISA ephambili ngokusebenzisa izandiso. Oku kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba benze eyabo imiyalelo yesiko xa kuyimfuneko.
- Umthombo ovulekileyo we-IP- I-RISC-V ngumgangatho ovulekileyo, okuthetha ukuba nabani na ofuna ukusebenzisa olu yilo angayenza ngaphandle kokukhathazeka malunga nemirhumo yelayisensi.
- Uyilo lwesakhiwo sevenkile -Inkumbulo ibekwe phambili kunobunzima kusetyenziswa iirejista.
eziluncedo
- I-RISC-V ngumgangatho ovulekileyo, okuthetha ukuba nabani na unokwakha iitshiphusi zakhe.
- Uyilo olunamaleko kunye nolwandisiweyo luvumela ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha. Nabani na unokuphumeza isethi yomyalelo kwaye unokudala izandiso zesiko kwiiprosesa zesiko.
- I-RISC-V iyandiswa. Ungasoloko ukongeza kwiifitsha ezintsha kwiseti yomyalelo.
- Kuba i-RISC-V iyimithombo evulekileyo, nabani na unokuthatha inxaxheba ekujongeni iibugs.
- I-RISC-V yenza ukuba kwenzeke umjikelo wophuhliso olukhawulezileyo. Akukho mfuneko yokuphatha imirhumo yelayisensi.
neengozi
- Indalo yolawulo-melo yenza kube nzima ukukhulula amabala kunye nohlaziyo.
- Kukho ithuba lokuqhekeka kweemarike. Kuba nabani na onokuyila iitshiphusi zabo zeRISC-V, kuya kuba ngumceli mngeni ukuqinisekisa ukuba imarike yeRISC-V ayinakuba nomgangatho ofanayo, ukhuseleko, okanye ukusebenzisana.
- Akukho siqinisekiso sokuthathwa komntwana. Utyalo-mali kwitekhnoloji yeRISC-V inokubuyisela umva ukuba bayaqhubeka befumana kuphela ipesenti encinci yesabelo semarike.
- Okwangoku, i-RISC-V isenayo inkxaso yehardware encinci.
- Omnye umba kukuxinana kwekhowudi. Ukunikezelwa kwenkqubo ethile, iseti yomyalelo we-RISC ehlanganisiweyo idla ngokufuna ii-byte ezininzi kunaxa ziqulunqwe kwi-CISC. Oku kungenxa yokuba kunokufuna imiyalelo emininzi ye-RISC ukwenza umyalelo omnye weCISC.
Usetyenziso lwangoku lwe-RISC-V
I-RISC-V ilungele izicelo ezizinzisiweyo. Ezi ziimeko zokusebenzisa ezifuna isoftwe ibekwe ngokusisigxina ngaphakathi kwisixhobo ukwenza iseti yemiyalelo ethile.
Cinga ngezixhobo ezikwi-Intanethi yeZinto kwi-ecosystem okanye kusetyenziso lweemoto kunye nabalawuli bekhompyuter.
Nazi ezinye izicelo zoyilo lwe-RISC-V onokulufumana namhlanje.
Alibaba
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukungavisisani phakathi kwe-United States kunye ne-China malunga ne-IP inike isizathu sokuba iinkampani zetekhnoloji zaseTshayina zenze utshintsho kwi-IP. Vula Umnikezi.
Ngo-Okthobha ka-2021, i-Alibaba Cloud Intelligence umemezele ukuba baya kusebenzisa iiprosesa ze-RISC-V zomthombo ovulekileyo kuyilo lwabo.
Ezi ziya kuba zezokuqala ngqa emhlabeni Vula Umnikezi iiprosesa zothotho.
"I-RISC-V inomtsalane kakhulu ngeli xesha ngeli xesha kuba njengenye indlela ye-ISAs evaliweyo nenexabiso elikhulu, i-ISA RISC-V evulekileyo nekhululekileyo ikhawulezisa iprosesa entsha ngokusebenzisa intsebenziswano evulekileyo," utshilo uYu Pu, ukhokelo lwemveliso yeT-Head. , inkampani ye-semiconductor kunye ne-subsidiary ephethwe ngokupheleleyo ye-Alibaba.
SiFive
I-SiFive yinkampani ye-semiconductor eyasungulwa kwi-2015 nguKrste Asanović, uYunsup Lee, kunye no-Andrew Waterman, abaphandi abathathu abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia Berkeley.
Baye bakwazi ukwenza iitshiphusi zokuqala eziphumeze iRISC-V ISA. Ukususela ngoko, baye bakwazi ukusebenzisana neenkampani ezingaphezu kwe-100 ukuphucula izixhobo zabo ngeechips zeRISC-V.
Ii-SiFive Cores zabo zezona zisombululo ze-RISC‑V ezisasazwe ngesilicon emhlabeni.
I-SiHive ide ibonelele ngoGqirha we-BBC Ngubani osekwe kwi-RISC-V ikhithi yeekhowudi, eyenzelwe ukufundisa abantwana malunga nenkqubo kunye nobuchwephesha be-IoT.
Le mveliso ibonisa isithembiso kwi-RISC-V yokwakha ngokukhawuleza ifikelele kwimarike yezixhobo zabathengi.
Ukhomyutha yamafu
Uyilo lwe-RISC-V lungasetyenziselwa ukunika amandla ilifu. Ezinye iinkampani sele zijolise imithwalo yomsebenzi kwiziko ledatha njengosetyenziso olulandelayo lwe-RISC-V.
Uthungelwano lwe-high performance computing (HPC) sele lisebenzisa i-RISC-V ukucubungula idatha ekuhambeni.
Ekubeni iiseva zithatha ixesha elide ukuvelisa kuneemveliso ezifakwe ngaphakathi, kuya kuthatha ixesha elide de sibone iiseva zonke zisebenza kwi-RISC-V.
isiphelo
Indlela esisebenzisana ngayo ne-intanethi yakhiwe kwisiseko esiluqilima semigangatho evulekileyo. Izixhobo esizisebenzisayo zinokulandela imigangatho evulekileyo efana noyilo lwe-USB okanye indlela izixhobo ezinxibelelana ngayo ngokusebenzisa Wi-Fi kunye neBluetooth.
Le migangatho evulekileyo ivumela zonke izixhobo zethu kunye nosetyenziso ukuba lusebenze ngakumbi kwaye lusebenzisane.
Imigangatho evulekileyo efana ne-RISC-V iya kuba nefuthe kwindlela esiyila ngayo izixhobo zethu.
Iya kuxhobisa nabani na ukuba enze into ayifunayo ngaphandle kokuthintelwa yi-IP yobunini. I-RISC-V igcinwa luluntu olusebenzayo oluphuhlisayo oluselubala kunye nendalo yentsebenziswano.
Ikamva lezixhobo esizisebenzisayo kwizixhobo zethu ngoku akusagqitywa emva kweengcango ezivaliweyo, kodwa kugqitywe elubala, ukuze wonke umntu athathe inxaxheba.
Yabelana ngeli nqaku ukuba ulifumana linobulumko. Ungaphoswa ziindaba zamva nje kwi-AI, ML, kunye nobuchwephesha bexesha elizayo ngokubhalisela ezethu kwiphepha leveki!
Shiya iMpendulo