Kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, ndandwendwela umboniso wobugcisa obunomdla. "Iinkumbulo zoomatshini" nguRefik Anadol wavusa umdla wam kwasekuqaleni.
Uyigama elidumileyo phakathi kwabo banomdla kwi-intersection yobugcisa kunye ne-AI. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, le bhlog ayikho malunga nobugcisa. Siza kuhlolisisa "imibono" enzulu ye-AI.
Kulo mboniso, u-Anadol wayezama Umfanekiso wokuphononongwa kwendawo yeNASA. Lo mboniso ukhuthazwe yingcamango yokuba iiteleskopu “zinokuphupha” zisebenzisa oovimba bazo obubonwayo, zisenza mfiliba imiqobo phakathi kwezinto eziyinyaniso nentelekelelo.
Ngokuphanda ubudlelwane phakathi kwedatha, inkumbulo, kunye nembali kwisikali se-cosmic, u-Anadol wayesicela ukuba siqwalasele amandla kukubhadla okungeyonyani ukujonga kunye nokuqonda ihlabathi elisingqongileyo. Kwaye ne-AI ukuba ibe namaphupha ayo...
Ngoko, kutheni oku kubalulekile kuthi?
Cinga ngoku: njengoko u-Anadol ephanda ingcamango yeteleskopu ephuphayo kwiidatha zabo, iinkqubo ze-AI zinohlobo lwazo lwamaphupha-okanye kunoko, i-hallucinations-ngaphakathi kweebhanki zeememori zedijithali.
Ezi mbono, njengezinto ezibonakalayo kumboniso we-Anadol, zinokusinceda sifunde ngakumbi malunga nedatha, i-AI, kunye nemida yazo.
Yintoni kanye kanye AI hallucinations?
Xa imodeli enkulu yolwimi, efana ne-AI chatbot evelisayo, ivelisa iziphumo ezineepateni ezingabikho okanye ezingabonakali kubantu ababukeleyo, sizibiza ngokuba “Imibono ye-AI."
Ezi ziphumo, ezahlukileyo kwimpendulo elindelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwigalelo elinikwe i-AI, zinokuba ziphosakele ngokupheleleyo okanye zingabi nangqiqo.
Kwimeko yeekhompyuter, igama elithi "hallucination" lingabonakala lingaqhelekanga, kodwa lichaza ngokuchanekileyo umlingiswa ongaqhelekanga wezi ziphumo zingalunganga. I-hallucinations ye-AI ibangelwa uluhlu lwezinto eziguquguqukayo, ezibandakanya ukugqithisa, ukuxhatshazwa kwidatha yoqeqesho, kunye nobunzima bomzekelo we-AI.
Ukuze uqonde ngcono, oku kuyafana nendlela abantu abazibona ngayo iimilo emafini okanye kubuso enyangeni.
Umzekelo:
Kulo mzekelo, ndibuze umbuzo olula kakhulu NcokolaGPT. Bekufanele ndifumane impendulo enje, "Umbhali woluhlu lweencwadi zeDune nguFrank Herbert.".
Kutheni Oku Kusenzeka?
Nangona yakhelwe ukubhala umxholo ohambelanayo kunye nolwelo, iimodeli zolwimi ezinkulu azikwazi ukuqonda ukuba zithini. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka komxholo owenziwe yi-AI.
Ngelixa ezi modeli zinokuvelisa iimpendulo ezifana nokuziphatha komntu, abanalwazi lomxholo kunye nezakhono zokucinga nzulu ezixhasa ubukrelekrele bokwenyani.
Ngenxa yoko, iziphumo eziveliswe yi-AI ziqhuba ingozi yokulahlekisa okanye yokungalunganga kuba zithanda iipatheni ezihambelanayo kunokuchaneka okuyinyani.
Ziziphi ezinye iimeko zokubona izinto ezingekhoyo?
Ulwazi olungelulo oluyingozi: Masithi incoko ye-AI evelisayo yenza ubungqina kunye nobungqina bokutyhola ngobuxoki umntu oqhelekileyo wokuziphatha kolwaphulo-mthetho. Le nkcazelo ilahlekisayo inokulonakalisa isidima somntu ize ibangele impindezelo engafanelekanga.
Iimpendulo ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezothusayo: Ukunika umzekelo ohlekisayo, yenza umfanekiso we-chatbot enika umsebenzisi umbuzo wemozulu kwaye uphendule ngoqikelelo oluthi kuya kunetha iikati nezinja, kunye nemifanekiso yamathontsi emvula afana neekati nezinja. Nangona zihlekisa, oku kuya kuba "kukubona izinto ezingekhoyo".
Ukungachaneki: Cinga ukuba imodeli ye-chatbot esekelwe kulwimi ichaza ngobuxoki ukuba i-Great Wall yaseChina inokujongwa ukusuka kwindawo ngaphandle kokuchaza ukuba ibonakala kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Nangona intetho isenokubonakala isengqiqweni kwabanye, ayichanekanga kwaye inokulahlekisa abantu malunga nombono wodonga osesithubeni.
Uzinqanda njani i-AI ye-Hallucinations njengoMsebenzisi?
Yenza Iingcebiso ezicacileyo
Kufuneka unxibelelane neemodeli ze-AI ngokucacileyo.
Cinga ngeenjongo zakho kwaye uyile iimpembelelo zakho ngaphambi kokubhala.
Umzekelo, nika imiyalelo ethe ngqo efana no "Cacisa indlela i-Intanethi esebenza ngayo kwaye ubhale umhlathi malunga nokubaluleka kwayo kuluntu lwanamhlanje" endaweni yokubuza imibuzo ngokubanzi efana no "Ndixelele nge-Intanethi."
Ukucacisa kunceda imodeli ye-AI ukutolika injongo yakho.
Umzekelo: Buza imibuzo ye-AI efana nale:
"Yintoni i-cloud computing, kwaye isebenza njani?"
"Cacisa ifuthe ledatha yedatha ekusebenzeni kwemodeli."
"Xoxa ngefuthe kunye nekamva elinokubakho letekhnoloji yeVR kwishishini le-IT."
Yamkela Amandla Omzekelo
Ukubonelela ngemizekelo kwiingcebiso zakho kunceda iimodeli ze-AI ziqonde umxholo kwaye zivelise iimpendulo ezichanekileyo. Nokuba ufuna ulwazi lwembali okanye iingcaciso zobugcisa, ukunika imizekelo kunokunceda ukuphucula ukuchaneka komxholo owenziwe yi-AI.
Umzekelo, unokuthi, "Khankanya iinoveli zefantasy ezifana noHarry Potter."
Yaphula Phantsi Imisebenzi Entsonkothileyo
I-Complex ikhuthaza ukulayisha ngaphezulu kwe-algorithms ye-AI, kwaye inokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingabalulekanga. Ukuthintela oku, yahlula imisebenzi enzima ibe ngamaqhekeza amancinci, alawulekayo. Ngokucwangcisa izindululo zakho ngokulandelelana, uvumela i-AI ukuba igxile kwicandelo ngalinye ngokuzimeleyo, okukhokelela kwiimpendulo ezinengqiqo.
Umzekelo, kunokuba ucele i-AI ukuba "icacise inkqubo yokudala i inethiwekhi ye-neural” kumbuzo omnye, yahlula isabelo phantsi ngokwezigaba ezicacileyo njengenkcazo yengxaki kunye nokuqokelela idatha.
Qinisekisa iZiphumo kwaye unike iNgxelo
Soloko ujonga kabini iziphumo eziveliswe ziimodeli ze-AI, ngakumbi kwizinto ezisekwe kwinyani okanye kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Thelekisa iimpendulo kwimithombo ethembekileyo kwaye uqaphele nakuphi na umahluko okanye iimpazamo.
Ukubonelela ngegalelo kwisixokelelwano se-AI ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwexesha elizayo kunye nokunciphisa ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo.
Izicwangciso-qhinga zabaPhuhlisi ukuNqanda i-AI Halllucinations
Ukuphumeza isiZukulwana sokuBuyisa-Esongeziweyo (RAG).
Dibanisa ubuchule bokubuyiswa-okwandiswa kokuvelisa kwiisistim ze-AI ukuseka iimpendulo kwiinyani eziyinyani ezivela koovimba beenkcukacha abathembekileyo.
Isizukulwana esongeziweyo sokubuyiswa (Retrieval-augmented generation) (RAG) sidibanisa ukuveliswa kolwimi lwendalo olusemgangathweni kunye namandla okufumana kunye nokubandakanya ulwazi olufanelekileyo oluvela kwisiseko solwazi esikhulu, okukhokelela kwimveliso etyebileyo ngokwemeko.
Ngokudibanisa umxholo owenziwe yi-AI kunye nemithombo yedatha eqinisekisiweyo, unokuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokuthembeka kweziphumo ze-AI.
Qinisekisa kwaye ubeke iliso kwiziphumo ze-AI ngokuqhubekayo
Misela iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa ezingqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokungaguquguquki kweziphumo ze-AI ngexesha lokwenyani. Jonga ukusebenza kwe-AI ngononophelo, jonga izinto ezinokwenzeka okanye iimpazamo, kwaye uphindaphinde kuqeqesho oluyimodeli kunye nokwenza ngcono ukunyusa ukuthembeka ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Umzekelo, sebenzisa iindlela zokuqinisekisa ezizenzekelayo ukujonga umxholo owenziwe yi-AI ukuchaneka kokwenyani kwaye uqaqambise imizekelo yokubona izinto ezingekhoyo kuvavanyo lwezandla.
Khangela i-Data Drifts
I-Data drift yinto apho iimpawu zeenkcukacha-manani zedatha ezisetyenziselwa ukuqeqesha imodeli ye-AI ziyahluka ngexesha. Ukuba imodeli ye-AI idibana nedatha eyahluke kakhulu kwidatha yoqeqesho ngexesha lokutsho, inokubonelela ngeziphumo ezingeyonyani okanye ezingekho ngqiqweni, ezikhokelela ekuboneni izinto ezingekhoyo.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba imodeli ye-AI iqeqeshwe kwidatha edlulileyo engasasebenziyo okanye ebonisa indawo yangoku, inokwenza izigqibo ezingalunganga okanye uqikelelo.
Ngenxa yoko, ukubeka iliso kunye nokusombulula iidrifts zedatha kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-AI kunye nokuthembeka ngelixa kuncitshiswa ukuba nokwenzeka kombono.
isiphelo
Ngokutsho kweDatha ye-IBM, ii-allucinations ze-AI zenzeka malunga ne-3% ukuya kwi-10% yeempendulo ezivela kwiimodeli ze-AI.
Ngoko ke, ngandlel’ ithile okanye enye, uya kubabona nawe. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba esi sisihloko esinomdla ngendlela emangalisayo kuba sisikhumbuzo esinomtsalane sendlela eqhubekayo eya ekwandiseni izakhono ze-AI.
Sifumana ukujonga kunye nokulinga ukuthembeka kwe-AI, ukuntsonkotha kokusetyenzwa kwedatha, kunye nokusebenzisana kwabantu-AI.
Shiya iMpendulo