Isiqulatho[Fihla][Bonisa]
Iqela ngalinye lophuhliso lwewebhu lenza uluhlu lweemvavanyo kwiimveliso zalo, kodwa isisombululo sewebhu esinikwe kamva sineziphene.
Nolona vavanyo lwezandla lugqwesileyo, iziphene ziyangena kwaye ziphinde zivele, ngaphandle kweenzame zeqela le-QA lokuzibamba phambi kokukhululwa kokuqala.
Xa kuziwa ekwandiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobubanzi bovavanyo lwesoftware yakho, uvavanyo lwewebhu oluzenzekelayo lolona khetho lwakho lulungileyo.
Uvavanyo lwe-intanethi, iPython ulwimi lwenkqubo ibonelela ngesakhelo serobhothi esinokusebenzisa amathala eencwadi angaphandle njengeselenium.
Kule post, siya kudlula kwiimeko zovavanyo kunye neminye imiqathango eqhagamshelwe kwisakhelo serobhothi yePython.
Yintoni isakhelo serobhothi?
Isakhelo seRobhothi yinkqubo ye-automation ye-open-source generic eguquguqukayo ebhalwe kwi-Python esetyenziselwa uvavanyo lwe-software oluzenzekelayo, inkqubo ye-robotic automation, uvavanyo lokwamkelwa, kunye nophuhliso oluqhutywa luvavanyo.
Ngamagama alula, yi-Python-based based based test automation framework.
Ivumela abavavanyi ukuba bazenzele kwaye bagcine izikripthi zenkqubo enzima ngokufanelekileyo. Isakhelo sinokusetyenziswa ukuvavanya ujongano lomsebenzisi kunye nojongano lwenkqubo yesicelo.
Ivumela iinjineli zovavanyo ukuba zisebenzise iSelenium ukongeza kwezinye izinto ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo. I-Selenium sisixhobo somgangatho woshishino sokwenza ngokuzenzekelayo ukuziphatha komsebenzisi kunye nokubhala unxibelelwano olusekwe kumsebenzisi wewebhu kuyo nayiphi na iwebhusayithi.
Yintoni uvavanyo lokwamkelwa?
Yindlela yokumisela umthamo wenkqubo. Injongo yovavanyo lokwamkelwa kukuvavanya ubuchule benkqubo ngokunxulumene neemfuno zoshishino.
Yintoni inkqubo yerobhothi ezenzekelayo?
I-RPA, okanye i-robotic process automation, yindlela yokunciphisa umsebenzi womntu ngokusebenzisa isoftware ebandakanya yokufunda umatshini kunye nobuchule be-AI. I-RPA isetyenziselwa ukuzenzekelayo umgangatho ophezulu, iinkqubo eziphindaphindiweyo.
Yintoni uphuhliso oluqhutywa luvavanyo lokwamkelwa?
Uphuhliso oluqhutywa kuvavanyo lolwamkelo, oludla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-ATDD, bubuchule bophuhliso obuxhomekeke kunxibelelwano phakathi kwabathengi beshishini, abaphuhlisi kunye nabavavanyi. Basebenzisana kwaye baqhube uvavanyo lokwamkelwa ngaphambi kokuthumela into.
Isakhelo serobhothi - Uyilo olukwinqanaba eliphezulu
Isakhelo seRobhothi sisikhokelo esisicelo kunye neteknoloji ye-agnostic. Uyilo lwayo luyimodyuli kakhulu, njengoko kubonwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi.
Idatha yovavanyo inikezelwa ngendlela elula, ehlelekayo ye-tabular format. I-Robot Framework ihlalutya idatha, iqhuba iimeko zokuvavanya, kwaye yenza iilogi kunye neengxelo xa iqaliswa.
Umgaqo-sikhokelo ongundoqo awunalo ulwazi lwethagethi phantsi kovavanyo, kwaye amathala eencwadi alawula lonke unxibelelwano kunye nalo. Amathala eencwadi angasebenzisa izixhobo zovavanyo ezikumgangatho ophantsi njengabaqhubi okanye asebenzise ngokuthe ngqo ujongano lwesicelo.
Iimbonakalo
- Iququzelela uvavanyo oluqhutywa yidatha ngokuvumela uVavanyo oluzenzekelayo lwezohlukeneyo iintlobo zeenkcukacha.
- Iyakuphepha ukusebenzisa amanani abalulekileyo ekhowudi kwaye endaweni yoko isebenzisa isicwangciso sovavanyo esiqhutywa ngokuziphatha.
- Inokusebenza ngamathala eencwadi kunye nemisebenzi evela kumaqela esithathu.
- Amagama angundoqo (achazwe kwangaphambili okanye achazwe ngumsebenzisi) asetyenziswa kwisitayile setheyibhuli ukubhala iimeko zovavanyo.
- Abasebenzisi banokudala amagama angundoqo.
- Izinto eziguquguqukayo zivumelekile ukuba zisetyenziswe.
- I-Framework isebenzisa indlela eqhutywe ngegama elingundoqo, apho izikripthi zibhalwa ngokusebenzisa amagama amancinci, aqondwa lula (mhlawumbi echazwe kwangaphambili okanye echazwe ngumsebenzisi).
- Emva kwesakhiwo ngasinye, iingxelo,
- kunye nezigodo ziyadalwa.
- Ivelisa iingxelo ezicokisekileyo kunye neelogi zesimo sokwenziwa kweskripthi, esiluncedo ngakumbi xa iskripthi sisilela.
Isifundo sesakhelo serobhothi
Masihambe.
1. Ukufakwa kwesakhelo serobhothi
Ipakethe yepip icetyiswa ukuba kufakwe isakhelo serobhothi kwiPython. Ukufakela isakhelo, sebenzisa lo myalelo ulandelayo.
Kuya kufuneka ukwazi ukujonga zombini itoliki kunye neenguqulelo zesakhelo serobhothi emva kofakelo oluyimpumelelo usebenzisa i -version ukhetho.
2. Amathala eencwadi
- I-Builtin - Le yilayibrari eqhelekileyo equlethe isethi yamagama angundoqo asetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo athunyelwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye afumaneke ngamaxesha onke.
- Ukuqokelela - Inika isethi yamagama angundoqo okusebenza ngoluhlu lwePython kunye nezichazi-magama. Amagama angundoqo ethala leencwadi anokusetyenziswa ukutshintsha nokudala amaxabiso kuluhlu kunye nezichazi-magama.
- Iingxoxo-Ithala leencwadi eliqhelekileyo lokumisa umiliselo kunye nokuthatha ingxelo yomsebenzisi. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni ngaba iimvavanyo ziyasebenza na, iincoko zababini azihambelani.
- I-DateTime ikuvumela ukuba uvelise kwaye uguqule ulwazi lomhla kunye nexesha.
- Inkqubo yokuSebenza -Yenza ukuba isakhelo serobhothi senze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo enxulumene nenkqubo yokusebenza kwinkqubo ngelixa isebenza. Inokuthi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, iqhube imiyalelo kwaye ivelise kwaye iguqule idatha ngokuthe ngqo.
- Inkqubo - Eli thala leencwadi lisetyenziselwa ukuqhuba iinkqubo kusetyenziswa iimodyuli zePython kunye neklasi evulekileyo. Igama elingundoqo lenkqubo yokuqhuba lisetyenziselwa ukulinda inkqubo esebenzayo kwinkqubo kwaye uyihlanganise.
- I-XML ikwalithala leencwadi elisetyenziswa sisikhokelo serobhothi ukuqinisekisa nokuguqula amaxwebhu e-XML.
- Umtya yiphakheji yokuguqula kunye nokuqinisekisa iintambo.
- I-Telnet iyasebenza ekuvumela ukuba unxibelelane nge-telnet. Ilayibrari ye-telnet ikuvumela ukuba uqhagamshelane neseva ye-telnet ngoqhagamshelwano lwesiqhelo lwe-TCP/IP kwaye wenze imiyalelo.
3. Izixhobo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi
Kwisakhelo serobhothi, ngokuyintloko kukho izixhobo ezine ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezisetyenziswayo:
- I-Rebot-Izixhobo zokudala iilog kunye neengxelo ezivela kwimveliso ye-XML kunye nokudibanisa iziphumo ezininzi ngaxeshanye.
- I-Testdoc - Ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zokuvavanya, i-Robot Framework yenza amaxwebhu aphezulu e-HTML.
- I-Libdoc-Igama elingundoqo elenza amaxwebhu ethala leencwadi kunye neefayile zoovimba.
- I-Tidy-Izixhobo zeSakhelo seRobhothi zokucoca kunye nokuguqula iifayile zedatha kwifomathi eyahlukileyo.
4. Iimeko zovavanyo
Endaweni yeemeko zovavanyo oluzenzekelayo, iimeko zokuvavanya kwisakhelo serobhothi zingabhalwa ngesiNgesi esisisiseko. Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zingasetyenziselwa ukuhlela iimeko zovavanyo.
- Iimvavanyo zokuhamba komsebenzi
- Iimvavanyo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu
- Iimvavanyo eziqhutywa yiDatha
Iimvavanyo zokuhamba komsebenzi
Iimeko zovavanyo lwesakhelo serobhothi zibhalwa rhoqo kwi-tabular syntax. Ikholamu yokuqala yetheyibhile yovavanyo iqulethe amagama ovavanyo, kwaye imeko yovavanyo iqala ngayo nantoni na kwikholamu kwaye iphele ngegama letyala elilandelayo okanye isiphelo setafile.
Makhe sijonge kumzekelo wehlabathi lokwenyani ukuqonda ukuba kusebenza njani oku.
- Umsebenzisi unokwenza iakhawunti kwaye ungene.
- Umsebenzisi akayi kukwazi ukungena ukuba igama eligqithisiweyo alichanekanga.
Iimvavanyo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu
Ikholamu yesibini ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya igama elingundoqo, ngaphandle kokumisela izinto eziguquguqukayo kunye namaxabiso abhalwe ngegama elingundoqo.
Iimeko zovavanyo lwesakhelo serobhothi zinokwakhiwa kusetyenziswa amagama angundoqo akwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye akukho parameters yendawo. Ukuqonda ngakumbi uvavanyo olukwinqanaba eliphezulu, qwalasela lo mzekelo ulandelayo.
Iimvavanyo eziqhutywa yiDatha
Uvavanyo oluqhutywa yidatha lwahlula idatha yovavanyo kunokuba iinkqubo zokulinganisa. Kwisakhelo serobhothi, i [template] isethingi ichaza imeko yovavanyo lovavanyo oluqhutywa yidatha.
5. Amagama aphambili
Ukwakha iimeko zokuvavanya kwisakhelo serobhothi, amagama angundoqo avela kwimithombo emibini asetyenziswa.
- Amagama angundoqo eThala leencwadi
- Amagama angundoqo oMsebenzisi
Amagama angundoqo eThala leencwadi
Amathala eencwadi asemgangathweni achaza zonke izigama zomgangatho ophantsi, ezinokuthi ziphunyezwe kusetyenziswa iilwimi zekhompyutha njenge Python kunye neJava.
Amathala eencwadi asemgangathweni, angaphandle, kunye nesiko aphakathi kwamathala eencwadi ovavanyo akhoyo kunye nesakhelo serobhothi. Isakhelo esingundoqo sibandakanya eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, umfanekiso weskrini, i-OS, kunye namanye amathala eencwadi asemgangathweni.
Amagama angundoqo oMsebenzisi
Amandla okuvelisa amagama angundoqo aphakamileyo aphezulu avela kumabinzana akhoyo yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zoyilo lwerobhothi. Ukuqonda ngakumbi indlela esebenza ngayo, makhe sijonge umzekelo.
6. Izinto eziguquguqukayo
Izinto eziguquguqukayo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yazo zonke iimeko zovavanyo kwisakhelo serobhothi. I-variable yindlela egqwesileyo yokuchaza nayiphi na idatha kwimeko yovavanyo enokuthi itshintshe okanye iguquguquke.
Makhe sijonge indlela yokuchaza izinto eziguquguqukayo kwimeko yovavanyo.
Ukuchaza iiguquguquko
Ngaphandle kwezinto eziguquguqukayo ezichazwe ngumsebenzisi, isakhelo serobhothi siye sakha izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifana ne-$ TEMDIR kunye ne-$/, esayisebenzisa kumzekelo wangaphambili.
Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziguquguqukayo
Izinto eziguquguqukayo zingasetyenziswa naphi na kwimeko yovavanyo.
Nangona kunjalo, zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengeengxabano zegama elingundoqo. Qwalasela lo mzekelo ulandelayo ukubonisa ukuba ndithetha ukuthini.
7. Ukuququzelela iimeko zovavanyo
Iifayile zetyala lovavanyo zisetyenziselwa ukwakha iimeko zovavanyo lwerobhothi, kodwa zinokudityaniswa zibe ngabalawuli ukwenza uluhlu lwenkqubo yovavanyo. Iqela lovavanyo liqela lamatyala ovavanyo. Uluhlu lovavanyo lubandakanya zonke iifayile eziqulethe iimeko zovavanyo.
Ukusebenzisa abalawuli, iimeko zovavanyo zinokucwangciswa ngokoluhlu lwemigangatho; zonke ezi nkcukacha zibonelela ngamaziko ovavanyo aphezulu anamagama asuka kuluhlu lwamagama.
Ukusebenzisa iSetups kunye neeTeardowns
Isetingi yetheyibhile “Useto loVavanyo” kunye “noVavanyo lokuNciphisa” iinketho zinokusetyenziselwa ukwenza igama elingundoqo elithile kuvavanyo ngaphambi okanye emva kokuba lugqityiwe. Unokusebenzisa "Ukuseta iSuite" kunye "neSuite Teardown" ukwenza amagama angundoqo ngaphambi okanye emva kovavanyo.
Unokwenza isiko [Setup] kunye ne [Teardown] kwimeko yovavanyo, efana ne [Template]. Qwalasela le meko ilandelayo ukuze ukuqonde ngcono oku.
Ukusebenzisa iithegi
Isakhelo serobhothi sivumela iithegi ukuba zisetyenziswe ukubonelela ngeemethadatha zasimahla zokuvavanya iimeko. "Nyanzelela iithegi" kunye "neTagi eziMiselweyo" zingasetyenziselwa ukuseta iithegi kwifayile. [Iithegi], njenge [Template], ingasetyenziselwa ukwabela iithegi kwimeko yovavanyo olunye. Makhe sijonge umzekelo ukuze sibone indlela esisebenzisa ngayo iithegi.
Ingxelo iya kubandakanya iithegi kunye namatyala ovavanyo adityaniswe kubo, kunye nezibalo ezisekelwe kwiithegi, emva kokubulawa.
eziluncedo
- Kulula ukuseta isakhelo seRobhothi.
- Isekelwe ekusebenziseni amagama angundoqo.
- Ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise iGherkin.
- Isebenza ngazo zombini ii-apps eziphathwayo kunye newebhu.
- Iziseko zeRobhothi kulula ukuziqonda.
- Isebenzisa indlela yekhowudi ephantsi.
- IiWindows, iMac OS X, i-Unix, kunye neLinux zonke ziyaxhaswa.
- I-Python, i-IronPython, kunye ne-PyPy zonke ziilwimi zokuprograma ezixhaswayo.
- Isebenza nazo zonke iibhrawuza ezinkulu zewebhu.
- Isakhelo seRobhothi sisixhobo esizenzekelayo sokusebenzisa, esivulelekileyo.
neengozi
- Ukwenziwa kovavanyo olunxuseneyo aluxhaswanga siSikhokelo seRobhothi.
- Isakhelo seRobhothi kunzima ukuhambisana nayo.
- Iingxelo ze-HTML kwiSakhelo seRobhothi kunzima ukuzitshintsha.
- Ukulungisa imiba yeSikhokelo seRobhothi kunokuba nzima.
- Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kunyanzeliswa ngokungqongqo kwiNkqubo-sikhokelo yeRobhothi.
isiphelo
I-Platform yeRobhothi luvavanyo lwasimahla noluvulelekileyo lokwamkelwa kunye nolwamkelo oluqhutywa luvavanyo lwesakhelo sophuhliso.
Iimeko zovavanyo lwesakhelo serobhothi zakhiwe kumagama angundoqo achazwe kwisitayela setheyibhuli, esenza kube lula ukuyiqonda kwaye inike ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nentsingiselo yecala lovavanyo.
Iluncedo ngokwenene kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Abanye bakho bakhe bayisebenzisa ngaphambili, ke ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lusekiwe kwaye i-app yakho ye-Android / iOS ilungele ukuhamba, yizame.
Uya kumangaliswa yindlela izinto ezihamba ngayo kunye nokuba uvavanyo lokwamkelwa lunokugqitywa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
Shiya iMpendulo