Ukunyuka kweenkonzo zokusasazwa komculo kuye kwatshintsha ngokupheleleyo indlela isizukulwana sangoku sabaphulaphuli sijongana nomculo. Ayizizo nje izigidi zeengoma ezifumanekayo ngomrhumo omncinci wenyanga, ii-algorithms zisebenza ngasemva ukuhambisa umculo oqhubekayo owenziwe umntu ukuba athandane nawe.
Ephambili kwiimfazwe zokusasaza umculo yinkampani yaseSweden iSpotify. Iqonga likhule laqokelela ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-400 abasebenzisi abasebenzayo ngenyanga ngo-2022. Ngaphandle kokuba yeyona nkonzo yomculo ifunwa kakhulu, iSpotify ihlala ityhala imida ye-AI kunye yokufunda umatshini kumxholo womculo kunye neengcebiso zomculo.
Uluhlu lokudlala olufana ne-Discover Weekly or Daily Mix lwenziwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo entsonkothileyo ye-algorithms ezama ukuthelekisa amagcisa kunye nabaphulaphuli kunye. Eli nqaku liza kukhanyisa indlela iSpotify esebenza ngayo emva kwezigcawu. Siza kuntywila kwindlela zonke ezi algorithms zisebenzisana ngayo ukwenza iinkonzo ezisebenzayo zokucutha umculo kubasebenzisi.
Uzicebisa njani izinto uSpotify?
I-Spotify ixhomekeke kwinto eyaziwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokuncoma. Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-injini yokucebisa, i-algorithm idala imodeli yokufumana kunye nokucebisa izinto ezifanelekileyo kubasebenzisi. I-Spotify yakhelwe inkqubo esebenzayo yokucebisa eyenzelwe ukuhambisa uluhlu lokudlala olulungiselelweyo kunye nokulandelela iingcebiso kubasebenzisi bayo.
Olu hlobo lwe-algorithm luyinto eqhelekileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Iinkqubo zokucebisa ziqhuba iimpawu ezivumela i-Amazon, i-YouTube, kunye ne-Facebook ukuba ikunike umxholo ofanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwintsebenziswano yakho yangaphambili kunye ne-app.
Injini yokuncoma kaSpotify kufuneka ifumane imiboniso emibini ngokufanelekileyo: umsebenzisi kunye nengoma yomculo ngokwayo.
Ukumela iingoma zoMculo
Ngaphambi kokuba iSpotify ikucebise umculo, ii-algorithms zayo kufuneka zibe nendlela yokuchaza nganye yezigidi zeengoma kwindawo yabo yogcino-lwazi.
Ukudala iprofayili yengoma nganye yomculo yingxaki enomdla ngokwayo. USpotify utyale imali kuphando oluninzi ukufumana eyona modeli ilungileyo yokuchaza irekhodi nganye kwikhathalogu yayo.
Ukujongana nale ngxaki, iSpotify isebenzisa iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokudala ukumelwa: ukuhluza okusekwe kumxholo kunye nokucoca ngokubambisana.
Makhe sijonge ukuba nganye yezi ndlela yenza ntoni kunye nendlela ezisebenzisana ngayo ukwenza umboniso opheleleyo womculo.
Uhluzo olusekelwe kumxholo
Ukucoca okusekwe kumxholo kujolise ekuchazeni umkhondo ngamnye ngokuphonononga eyona datha kunye nemetadata yomzila.
Xa amagcisa elayisha umculo kwisiseko sedatha sikaSpotify, kufuneka anike eyona fayile yomculo ngokwayo, kunye nolwazi olongezelelweyo okanye imethadatha. Imethadatha ibandakanya igama lengoma, unyaka eyakhutshwa ngawo, icwecwe lengoma, kunye nobude bengoma ngokwayo.
Xa iSpotify ifumana ezi fayile, inokusebenzisa ngokukhawuleza imethadatha ebonelelweyo ukuhlela iingoma. I-rock yaseBritane engatshatanga ukusukela ngo-1989, umzekelo, inokufakwa kuluhlu lokudlalwayo oluninzi olunje nge "Classic Brit Hits" okanye "Iingoma zeRock ezisuka kuma-80s".
Uhlalutyo lwe-Audio ekrwada
Nangona kunjalo, iSpotify iya phambili kwaye yenza uhlalutyo kwifayile yeaudio ekrwada ngokwayo ukuze ifumane iimethrikhi zobungakanani kwingoma. Ukuba sijonga kwi Spotify API, sinokubona ezimbalwa zezi metrics.
Umzekelo, i-API ibandakanya i-metric yamandla elinganisa "umlinganiselo wokuqonda wobunzulu kunye nomsebenzi." Ngokwamaxwebhu, i-metric ithathwe kwiimpawu ezohlukeneyo ezibandakanya uluhlu oluguqukayo, ukuphakama okubonwayo, kunye ne-timbre. Isebenzisa le metric, iSpotify inokwahlulahlula iingoma ezinamandla aphezulu kunye kwaye isebenze njengeengcebiso kubasebenzisi abamamela umculo okwinqanaba eliphezulu.
Ngaphandle kwamandla, iSpotify ikwamisela ukuphila kwengoma, i-metric ebona ubukho babaphulaphuli ekurekhodweni. I-Valence ngumlinganiselo ochaza indlela entle ngayo ingoma. Isandi esiphakamileyo se-valence sibonisa umculo ovuyayo nowonwabileyo, ngelixa isandi esisezantsi se-valence sibonisa ukudakumba, ukudandatheka, okanye umculo onomsindo.
Uhlalutyo Lwexeshana
I-Spotify inomnye uhlalutyo olunomdla lwe-algorithm echaza ubume bexeshana bengoma. Ingoma enye yahlulwe yangamacandelo ahlukeneyo: ukusuka kumacandelo (ikhorasi, ibhulorho, iculo elicula yedwa), ukuya kwisingqi esizimeleyo. Unokujonga ukuba iSpotify ichaza njani ubume beengoma zakho ozithandayo ngokusebenzisa oku isixhobo esikwi-intanethi leyo ithumela isicelo kwiSpotify API.
Ukudibanisa uhlalutyo lwexeshana kunye neemetrics ezifana namandla kunye ne-valence kunokunceda ukumela umzila ngendlela ebaluleke kakhulu. Singahluza iingoma ezikhula ngokuthe ngcembe ngamandla, okanye sifumane iingoma ezinamandla amakhulu kuyo yonke indawo.
Uhlalutyo lwesicatshulwa
Injini yokuncoma kaSpotify ikwakhupha ulwazi lwesemantic kwisicatshulwa esinxulumene nomkhondo okanye igcisa ngokusebenzisa kwendalo iimodeli zokulungisa ulwimi.
Amazwi eengoma anokunceda ukuqonda ngakumbi umxholo wengoma. Kungenzeka ukuba uSpotify ukhangele amagama angundoqo okanye Uhlalutyo lweemvakalelo xa usenza uluhlu lokudlala olutsha okanye ukulandelela iirediyo.
Iwebhu ikwasisixhobo esiluncedo sokuqonda ingoma okanye umzobi. I-Spotify ihlala isenza i-web scrapes kwimithombo yeendaba ekwi-intanethi kunye noshicilelo lomculo ukumisela ukuba abantu bokwenyani bayichaza njani ingoma okanye igcisa ngalinye.
Uhluzo lweNtsebenziswano
Ukuhluza okuhlangeneyo kubhekisa kwindlela apho unokuhluza izinto umsebenzisi anokuzikhetha ngokujonga kwimikhwa yabasebenzisi abafanayo.
Umzekelo, umsebenzisi A unokuthanda amagcisa u-X kunye no-Y, kunye nomnye umsebenzisi we-Spotify B naye uthanda u-X kunye no-Y. Ukuba umsebenzisi u-B umamele iingoma ezininzi ezivela kumculi u-Z, ngoko ke kunokwenzeka ukuba umsebenzisi A unokuzithanda nazo.
Umba omnye ngokucoca ngentsebenziswano usebenzisa le ndlela kukuba abasebenzisi ngokubanzi banencasa eyahlukileyo emculweni. Kungenzeka ukuba umzobi u-Z luhlobo olwahluke ngokupheleleyo kumagcisa u-X kunye no-Y.
Ukulwa noku, iSpotify isebenzisa ukwahluka kohluzo lwentsebenziswano olujonge kuluhlu lokudlala kunye neseshoni yokuphulaphula ngokubambisana. Ngamagama alula, iingoma ezidla ngokuba kuluhlu lweengoma ezifanayo okanye iingoma ezimanyelwa ngabantu kwiseshoni enye ziyafana.
I-Spotify isebenzisa le ndlela yokucoca ngentsebenziswano yokuhlanganisa iingoma zibe ngamacandelo anokuthi angabonakali xa ehlalutya umxholo wengoma.
Ukuchaza Ukungcamla komsebenzisi
Ngoku sinokumela okulungileyo okuchaza umkhondo okanye umculi. Sibafumana njani ke abasebenzisi abafanelekileyo ukucebisa iingoma kubo?
Enye ingxaki ecela umngeni ekufuneka iSotify isombulule kukuqonda incasa yomculo yabasebenzisi bayo.
Xa uqala ukwenza iakhawunti yeSpotify, unokuqaphela ukuba iSpotify iya kukucela ukuba ukhethe iintlobo ezimbalwa okanye amagcisa ofuna ukuwalandela. Eli linyathelo lokuqala ekumiseleni ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomculo umsebenzisi afuna ukumamela.
Emva koko, i-injini yokucebisa kaSpotify igcina umkhondo wawo wonke umsebenzi wakho wokumamela. Iyavakala ukuba iSpotify ikukhonze ngakumbi iingcebiso zomculo weklasiki ukuba yonke into oyikhangelayo ngumculo weklasiki.
Nangona kunjalo, ukumamela ingoma yeyona nto isisiseko ekufuneka uyiqwalasele. ISpotify ikwajonge kwiingoma ozitsibayo, iingoma ozigcinayo, kunye namagcisa owalandelayo. Ezi ntlobo zentsebenziswano ziyingxelo ecacileyo okanye esebenzayo.
Ngaphezulu koko, iSpotify ikwajonge kwingxelo engacacanga. Oku kuquka ubude beseshoni yokuphulaphula okanye ukuba uyiphinda kangaphi ingoma.
Usebenzisa lonke olu nxibelelwano, iSpotify ngoku kufuneka ikwazi ukufumana izinto ozikhethayo kuhlobo, imo, kunye nexesha. Iqonga linokuxela kwangaphambili ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomculo onokuwukhetha ngexesha elithile losuku okanye usuku lweveki.
USpotify ukwayaqonda ukuba abasebenzisi bahlala bephuhlisa incasa yabo kumculo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuqwalasela le nyaniso, i-Spotify recommender injini ibeka ubunzima obuninzi kwimisebenzi yamva nje kwidatha yembali.
isiphelo
Nangona amaqonga anje ngoMculo weApple aneengoma ezininzi ezifumanekayo, kunye neenkonzo ezinje ngeTIDAL zithembisa isandi sokuthembeka okuphezulu, iSpotify iyaqhubeka nokulawula isabelo semarike yehlabathi sababhalisi bomculo. Inxalenye yaloo mpumelelo kukusebenza kwenkqubo yayo yokucebisa, eyimveliso yeminyaka elishumi yophando kunye nokuphindaphinda.
Injongo yenkqubo yengcebiso kaSpotify kukubonelela ngamava obanelisayo kubasebenzisi abaya kubenza bachithe ixesha elide eqongeni. Ukugcinwa komsebenzisi yeyona metric ephambili yempumelelo xa kufikwa kwiinkonzo zobhaliso lwe-intanethi ezinje ngeSpotify.
Ngokuka-Oskar Stal, i-VP yobuntu eSpotify, iqonga lijolise "ekunyuseni umthamo wesandi esinentsingiselo ngakumbi ebomini bakho." Ngokusetyenziswa kwe umatshini wokufunda iialgorithms, I-Spotify iyakwazi ukuhambisa iingcebiso ezintle kubasebenzisi bayo kwaye incede amagcisa akhule kwaye abe nethuba lokuva.
Shiya iMpendulo