U-Elon Musk waziwa kakhulu ngemibono yakhe yokusebenzisa ubuchopho bethu ukulawula iteknoloji, ukuthumela iirokethi kwi-Mars, kunye nokuqhuba ngaphantsi komhlaba ngeemoto zerobhothi zombane.
Ikamva alijongayo kwiingcinga zakhe lifuna ukucwangciswa okuninzi ukuze libe yinto yokwenene.
Cinga ngendlela esinokusebenzisa ngayo oomatshini ngeengqondo zethu. Asikholelwa ukuba le ngcamango iyingozi njengoko sikholelwa ukuba injalo.
Khawube nomfanekiso wakho ukwazi ukufikelela kwi-intanethi ngokucinga nje ngayo. Khawufane ucinge ukuba esi sincoko sinokwahluka njani ukuba bendinokusibhala ngokupheleleyo kwiingcinga zam kunakwikhibhodi.
I-Neuralink iyakwazi ukwenza oko, ubuncinci. Ishishini lika-Elon Musk le-neurotech, i-Neuralink, liphuhlisa iitshiphusi ezinokufakwa kukhakhayi lomntu ukuze zibeke iliso kwaye mhlawumbi zivuselele ingqondo yabo Umsebenzi.
U-Musk wasungula ishishini le-neural technology Neuralink kwi-2016 ngenjongo ephambili yokufezekisa I-symbiosis kunye ne-AI kunye nokwakha inkqubo evumela ukudibanisa ne-AI.
Ishishini le-neuroscience lika-Elon Musk, i-Neuralink, lifumene ingqalelo ixesha elide ngombono ocacileyo wojongano lwengqondo-yekhompyuter.
Ingcamango yokudibanisa iikhomputha kunye nabantu ayintsha, kodwa uphuhliso olulandelayo ngokuqinisekileyo luya kuba ludibaniso lwe kukubhadla okungeyonyani itekhnoloji kunye ne-brain-machine interfaces (BMI).
Siza kujonga umboniso okhawulezayo weNeuralink kwesi siqwenga, kunye noluhlu lwabakhuphisana nabo abaphambili. Ngenxa yoko, uyazi malunga nabakhuphisana nabo.
Ngamafutshane malunga Neuralink
I-Neuralink sisixhobo sokujongana nomatshini wobuchopho esiya kuthi sifakwe ngotyando kwingqondo yomntu.
Emva koko, uya kuba nakho ukusebenzisana kunye nokuqondisa oomatshini.
Ekubeni iteknoloji ingaphanda kwaye iphathe imiba emininzi yezonyango, kubandakanywa intetho, ukukhubazeka, umsebenzi wemoto, kunye neminye imiba, imboni yezempilo kulindeleke ukuba ibe nemiphumo yayo yangoko.
I-skull ye-8mm-diameter iya kuhlala i-chipset ye-Neuralink, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-chipset ye-N1, eneentambo ezininzi ezine-electrodes kunye ne-insulation yeingcingo.
Itshiphu iza kufakwa ngotyando kwingqondo ngerobhothi. Ngokweshishini, iingcingo ziyi-100 micrometer ubukhulu kwaye zingqingqwa njenge-neurons yengqondo.
Ukuze siqonde indlela itshiphu esebenza ngayo, kufuneka siqale siqonde indlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo. Ingqondo yenziwe ngee-neurons, ezithumela ulwazi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yomzimba kunye nokulawula yonke imisebenzi yomzimba.
Ukubona umsebenzi we-neuron, isixhobo se-Neuralink siya kwenziwa ngeengcingo ezincinci ezinee-electrode ezingaphezu kwewaka ezinokugubungela yonke into. ingqondo yomntu.
Itshiphu enobungakanani benkozo iya kukwazi ukutshaja ngaphandle kwamacingo.
Ezi chips zinokwenza abantu abakhubazekileyo basebenzise iiselfowuni zabo besebenzisa iingqondo zabo kuphela. Iitshiphusi zinokuthi ekugqibeleni zikwazi ukuxhasa zonke iinkumbulo zomntu, ngokukaMusk.
Ngenoveli enjalo yetekhnoloji iza nomdla omkhulu wokuba isebenza njani kunye nexhala malunga nokuba inokukumela ntoni na kwikamva.
Abakhuphisana abaPhezulu beNeuralink
1. Iimvakalelo
Ishishini laseMelika le-bioinformatics ebizwa ngokuba yi-Emotiv isebenzisa i-electroencephalography ukufunda indlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yomntu.
Ngokusebenzisa i-electroencephalography, unokufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo kwiimeko zakho zengqondo kunye neemvakalelo okwangoku.
Uphando lwe-neuroscience, impilo kunye nokuphila kakuhle, iimoto, uphando lwabathengi, imfundo, kunye nokuzonwabisa konke kunokuxhamla ekusebenziseni uhlalutyo lwe-EMOTIV ukunyusa ukusebenza kunye namandla okusebenza kunye neenkonzo ezintsha.
Amaza obuchopho aguqulwa abe ziimpawu zedijithali ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukulawula nantoni na ethetha ngo-1 kunye no-0 ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ze-EMOTIV kunye umatshini wokufunda iialgorithms.
I-algorithm ye-Mental Commands ngu-EMOTIV inokuchonga iingcamango ezifundiweyo ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukucinga ngokusekwe kulawulo lwezinto zombini kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ulawulo lobuchopho lunokuphucula amava asebenzisanayo, luthathe indawo yezixhobo zesiqhelo zokufaka izinto ezifana neekhibhodi, kwaye lubonelele abantu abakhubazekileyo ngeendlela ezintsha zokunxibelelana nokusingqongileyo.
Iingcinga zabo kunye neemvakalelo zabo zidityaniswa ngoko nangoko kunye nobuchwephesha ababusebenzisa mihla le ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-brain-computer interface (BCI).
Unxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo kunye nekhompyuter aluzange lube lula, nokuba lulawula izitulo ezinamavili okanye iidrones, ukuvelisa umculo okanye ubugcisa, okanye ukuthunga. amava edijithali kwiimvakalelo zexesha lokwenyani.
2. Brain Co.
I-Harvard Innovation Lab yasebenza njenge-incubator yeshishini elisekelwe e-US i-BrainCo, eyasekwa ngo-2015.
Ishishini lidala i-hardware, isoftware, i-sensor, kunye ne-AI ye-brain-machine interface (BMI) technologies.
I-headband ye-EEG engenazingcingo yigajethi enokuvavanya iindawo ezininzi zobuchopho, kubandakanywa ubunzulu bokugxila, ukuphumla kunye nokucamngca.
Amashishini agxile kwi-"Brain-Computer Interface" ayanda ngenani. Ezi zixhobo ziyakwazi ukuguqula iimpembelelo zobuchopho ezivela kwi-scalp sensors okanye kunye nokufakelwa kwengqondo kwiimpawu zedijithali kwaye zirekhode ezo datha.
Ngokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji kuyo yonke into ukusuka kwimfundo kunye neprosthetics ukuya kwimidlalo kunye nolawulo olulumkileyo lwasekhaya, eli shishini kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwi-1.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kulo nyaka.
I-headband ye-FocusOne evela kwi-BrainCo, elinye ishishini elikhethekileyo kwi-interface ye-brain-computer, inezinzwa ezilinganisa umsebenzi we-cortex yangaphambili ngokushukuma kwebunzi.
Umlinganiselo wogxininiso yinjongo ye "wearable brainwave visualizer," abaphuhlisi bayo bafuna ukuyibona kumagumbi okufundela.
3.Ingqondo
Iqonga leKhompyutha iMindMaze yasekwa ngo-2012 kwaye yayinekomkhulu eLausanne, eSwitzerland.
Iqonga lekhompuyutha eliphefumlelweyo lenkampani lisetyenziselwa ukwenza ukusebenzisana komatshini wobuntu ekulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Idale ujongano lomatshini olusebenzisekayo olusebenzisa uqikelelo lwe-neural ukucacisa imiqondiso yobuchopho ngaphambi kokuba yamkelwe ngexesha lokwenyani.
Ngaphezulu kweshumi leminyaka lomsebenzi kwi-interface ye-neuroscience, biosensing, ubunjineli, ubunyani obuxubeneyo, kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa buphucule amathuba okuba abaguli abanezigulo zemithambo-luvo banokuchacha.
Injongo yabo kukwakha iqonga elibandakanya konke kwimpilo yengqondo ngokuxuba amayeza abo edijithali asulungekileyo e-FDA kunye ne-CE enohlalutyo olukwinqanaba lehlabathi, i-AI, kunye netekhnoloji yamafu.
Eyona njongo yayo yonke into abayifezayo kwi-MindMaze yiCogniChip.
Yonke into entsha efunyenweyo isisondeza inyathelo elinye. Eli qonga lokuqonda liya kudibanisa la macandelo yenza umntu obonakalayo.
Yenzelwe ukudibanisa ngaxeshanye kunye nokulungelelanisa onke amagalelo oluvo kunye nawomzimba okudibana nobuchopho. Ukusetyenziswa koku iwele ledijithali zahluke kakhulu.
Iya kuba nefuthe kakhulu kuyo yonke into yobukho bomntu, kubandakanya ezothutho, inqwelomoya, imidlalo, unxibelelwano, kunye nemidlalo, ukongeza ekuqiniseni umbono wabo wonyango lwedijithali kukhathalelo lwempilo.
4. IKernel
I-Kernel yokuqalisa esekwe e-US isebenza ukwenza i-interface engathinteliyo yengqondo-yomzimba womatshini (MBMI) eya kuphucula kakhulu kwaye yandise ingqondo yomntu.
Ukuvumela abantu ukuba baguquke kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa, uKernel wenze igajethi ebizwa ngokuba yi "neuroprosthesis" enceda ekufundeni ngokukhawuleza nakwinkumbulo enkulu.
Baphanda ngobuchule izixhobo zorhwebo zangoku, bazakhela ezabo iinkqubo besebenzisa ezona zixhobo zibalaseleyo zikhoyo njengoko sasiceba indlela nganye enokubakho, kwaye bavavanya bonke ubuchwephesha bobuchwephesha bobuchwephesha ukuze benze i-neuroimaging isetyenziswe ngokubanzi.
Uninzi lweendlela ezingaphazamisiyo zokubamba imiqondiso yobuchopho nokuba kujongwe imimandla ye-electromagnetic eveliswe ngamaqela ee-neuron okanye ujonge umahluko omncinci kwi-oksijini yegazi, enxibelelene ngokusondeleyo nomsebenzi okufutshane we-neuronal.
Nangona kunjalo, imeko yangoku yobugcisa ngamnye buzaliswe ziingxaki, izithintelo, okanye iintsilelo.
Ngokubandakanya izibonelelo zeTD-fNIRS kwiimveliso zayo, iKernel iphuhlisa isizukulwana esilandelayo sezixhobo zokujonga ingqondo.
5. Ukunyameka
Kwi-2015, i-US-based startup Neurable yasekwa. Ishishini lenze izixhobo ezigcweleyo ze-neurotechnology ezinokulawula umhlaba wedijithali ngetelekinetically, ukulinganisa imvakalelo, kunye nokucacisa injongo yomntu.
Ukulawulwa kobuchopho obusebenzayo kwinyani kunye nenyani eyongeziweyo yenziwa yi-Neurable. I-Developer Kit 1 (DK1) evela kwi-Neurable yabhengezwa njengeqhekeza le-hardware enokusetyenziswa kunye nemveliso ye-HTC ye-revolutionary Vive virtual reality (VR). T
Hey ubonakalise ukusetyenziswa kwangoko kokunxibelelana kwengqondo-nekhompyuter usebenzisa iVR ukubonisa izimvo ezibalulekileyo.
Ihlabathi elinolawulo lwengqondo kwitekhnoloji kunye ne-affective computing-ikhomputha ezinokuqaphela iimvakalelo-iinkalo ezimbini ezintsha zendlela abantu abasebenzisana ngayo noomatshini-yinto esasiyicinga ngayo.
Ukuze baqeshe itekhnoloji yabo ukuphucula ukusebenza koqeqesho lomkhosi, ngoku bakwiingxoxo kunye nenani lamaphiko omkhosi.
Ukuze uncede abantu ukuba bafunde ngakumbi malunga nabo kunye nendlela abaphendula ngayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, i-Neurable ixoxa ngokunciphisa inkqubo yoqeqesho kunye ne-biometrics kunye nedatha.
Baphuhlisa i-algorithms eya kulindela imiba yexesha elizayo kwaye ikhusele abasebenzisi ekwenzeni iimpazamo.
Njengoko beqala ukulinganisa amava okuqonda, i-Neurable iphuhlisa ujongano lwengqondo-yekhompyuter oluya kwenza abantu baqonde ngokuthe ngqo.
6. I-Bitbrain
Ukuze kubonelelwe ngezixhobo zokuva ingqondo ze-EEG kunye nezinye iitekhnoloji zokubeka iliso ebantwini, kunye nezisombululo zesoftware yezicelo ezisebenzayo kunye nophando.
I-Bitbrain, ishishini eligxile kwitekhnoloji yobuchopho, lidibanisa i-neuroscience, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa, kunye nehardware. Kwizisombululo ze-B2B neurotechnology, i-Bitbrain ithathwa njengegunya lehlabathi.
Inani lezinto ezinxitywayo kunye nesoftware yokubeka iliso ziyafumaneka kwi-Bitbrain, inkampani eyasekwa ngo-2010 ngabafundi kwiYunivesithi yaseZaragoza eSpain.
Ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso ziqala ukusuka kwibhubhoratri elawulwayo ukuya kuluntu ngokubanzi, ukubonelela ngengqiqo malunga ne-neuromarketing kunye nezifundo zokuphucula ingqondo.
Yonke i-hardware ye-Bitbrain iza nephakheji yesofthiwe enezixhobo zokucwangcisa kunye nokuqokelela idatha kwaye iyasebenzisana kunye nezisombululo ze-software ye-Bitbrain kunye nezicelo zomntu wesithathu.
Izixhobo zesoftware yeBitbrain zibonelela abaphandi ukuguquguquka kokusebenza kubasebenzisi bobabini kunye namanqanaba enkqubo (uphuhliso lwesicelo) (ukufumana, ukubona, kunye nokuthumela idatha).
Ukongeza, ibonelela ngonxibelelwano olulula kunye nezixhobo zokuhlalutya idatha engaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi esekwe kwiMatlab, iPython, kunye nezinye iilwimi zenkqubo kunye namaqela esithathu exesha lokwenyani asekelwe kwiLabStreamingLayer LSL.
isiphelo
Ingqondo kunye nengqondo bezisoloko zibizwa ngokuba ngumda wokugqibela wesayensi.
Ubunzima beeseli kwiikakayi zethu ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqondeni, ukulawula intliziyo, imiphunga, kunye nezinye iinkqubo kunye nemisebenzi, intshukumo, kunye nokunye okungaqondakaliyo.
Ubuchopho bethu bunokuphatha amawaka ezigidi zenkcazelo mzuzwana ngamnye, ngenxa yonxulumano lwabo oluqikelelwa kwi-100 lamawaka ezigidi.
Ujongano lwekhompyuter yobuchopho yeyona ndlela intsha yokuqonda iimfihlo zengqondo.
Itekhnoloji ye-Brain-computer interface inekamva eliqaqambileyo.
Ayikwazanga kuthatha ixesha elide de i-neurotechnologies exhaswa zezi mizi-mveliso ibe yinyani ngophuhliso lokufunda koomatshini kunye nesakhono sobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nokunyuka kwesakhono sokuqhubekeka kwekhompyuter.
Shiya iMpendulo