Isiqulatho[Fihla][Bonisa]
SwiftUI sisizukulwana esilandelayo se-UIKit ye-Apple, kwaye yakhelwe kuyo yonke i-app ye-iOS ephuhliswe ngo-2019.
Kodwa i-SwiftUI isephantsi kophuhliso, ngoko ke ii-APIs azihlali zigqibelele okwangoku. Oku kuthetha ukuba kungcono ukunamathela kuguqulelo lwamva nje lwe-API ukugcina izinto zisebenza kakuhle.
Nangona kunjalo, i-SwiftUI iza kuphuma kungekudala, okuthetha ukuba abaphuhlisi kuya kufuneka batshintshe uyilo lwabo ngeenxa zonke.
Ke sicinge ukuba, kutheni ungenzi izikhokelo ezilula nezisebenzayo ezikubonisa ezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokuphumeza i-SwiftUI kwiiprojekthi zakho?
Ezi simahla ukuba uzifunde, kwaye siqinisekile ukuba ziya kukunceda ufumane isiqalo kwi-SwiftUI app yakho.
Ziziphi iziFundo ze-SwiftUI?
Isakhelo esitsha se-SwiftUI sika-Apple sisitshintshi somdlalo wokuphuhlisa ujongano lomsebenzisi. I-SwiftUI sisikhokelo sophuhliso lomsebenzisi omtsha we-Apple, eyilelwe ukukunceda wenze usetyenziso olukumgangatho ophezulu ngokukhawuleza nalula.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, kungaphezulu nje kwesakhelo esitsha se-UIKit.
Elona candelo lilungileyo kukuba awusafuni ukusebenzisa i-XCode okanye i-Interface Builder ukuphuhlisa usetyenziso lwakho. Endaweni yoko, unokwenza ujongano lwakho usebenzisa ikhowudi yeSwift.
Eli linyathelo elibalulekileyo eliya phambili kuba iSwiftUI likamva lophuhliso lwe-iOS. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uyazi malunga nesakhelo ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuyisebenzisa.
Ibonelela ngantoni i-SwiftUI Tutorials?
UQeqesho lwe-SwiftUI inokukwenza inkosi yophuhliso losetyenziso; nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto oya kube uzifunda ziquka:
1. SwiftUI Essentials
Esi sisikhokelo esilula kwi-SwiftUI. Uya kufunda ukuba yintoni i-SwiftUI kunye nento enokuyenza kuwe. Isimahla kwaye yindawo entle yokuqalisa ukuba umtsha kwi-SwiftUI.
Umzekelo, uya kufunda ukuba yintoni iJongo, umilisela njani iSwiftUI View, kunye nendlela yokwenza usetyenziso lwakho lubonakale lukhulu.
Umzekelo, ithempleyithi esisiseko ye-SwiftUI app yile:
struct ContentView : View { var body : some View { Text ( "Hello World!" ) } }
Uya kufunda ukwenza i-app yakho usebenzisa le template elula, esebenzayo.
2. Ukuhlanganisa iProjekthi ePhethe ngokupheleleyo
Uya kuba nakho ukwakha i-app epheleleyo nge-SwiftUI. Uya kufunda ukusebenzisa i-UIKit, iSceneDelegate, kunye nebhodi yamabali. Yenza iqhosha elilula. Indlela yokuhlanganisa uluhlu kunye nebar yokuhamba phezu kwayo yonke into.
Izibophelelo kunye neefom ziya kuba yinxalenye enkulu ye-SwiftUI, kwaye uya kufunda ngazo. Uzisebenzisa njani ukwenza i-UI yakho iphendule ngakumbi.
3. Ukongeza iMedia
Zininzi izinto onokuzenza nge-SwiftUI. Kodwa uya kuyisebenzisa ukubonisa imidiya, eyona ndlela ilula yokuqala ukusebenzisa i-SwiftUI. Oopopayi, imifanekiso, kunye neevidiyo zonke ziindlela ezintle zokubonisa imidiya, kodwa unokwenza okuninzi ngakumbi.
Eyona ndlela ilula yokongeza imidiya kwi-app yakho kukusebenzisa ikhamera. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka udibanise i-UIView kwisilawuli sokujonga usetyenziso kwaye wongeze le khowudi ilandelayo kuyo:
import SwiftUI struct ContentView : View { var body : some View { VStack {
Image ( "image_source" )
}. background ( Color. black ) } }
Apha, songeza i-UIView kumbono wethu. Sikwafaka umfanekiso kuyo, siwubiza "umthombo_womfanekiso."
Umfanekiso () umsebenzi uzakuthatha umfanekiso kumfanekiso_umthombo oguquguqukayo kwaye uwubonise.
4. Ukusebenza ngeSeti yamaxwebhu aFomathiweyo kwangaphambili
Xa usakha i-app ye-SwiftUI, kuya kufuneka usebenze ngeseti yamaxwebhu afomathwe kwangaphambili. Umzekelo, yenza i-UIImageView ebonisa i-UIImage efomathwe kwangaphambili, okanye i-UITextField ebonisa umtya oformattwe kwangaphambili.
Kuya kufuneka kwakhona wenze iseti yee-UIViews ezifomathwe kwangaphambili nge-SwiftUI. Uzakwenza uthotho lwe-UIStackViews, UITableViews, kunye ne-UIAlertViews.
5. ListView kunye neGridView
I-SwiftUI yazise uLuhluView kunye neGridView, eziziikhonsepthi ezintsha zokuphatha uluhlu kunye neegridi. Funda indlela yokuzisebenzisa kwi-SwiftUI kwaye uzisebenzise kwii-apps zakho.
6. Isixhobo
Fumana ngakumbi kwizicelo zakho ngoncedo lweXCode. Umzekelo, unokufikelela kuluhlu olupheleleyo lwe-app ukubona ukuba yakhiwe njani i-UI. Ungasebenzisa kwakhona i-XCode ukwenza i-segue yesiko kwaye ujikeleze phakathi kweembono.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Q. Ikhowudi ihambelana ngokusondeleyo kangakanani nomboniso?
I-SwiftUI isebenzisa ikhowudi-gen ukwenza umboniso. Ikhowudi iveliswa kwi-UI oyimiseleyo kwi-XCode.
Awuyi kukwazi ukutshintsha ikhowudi, okanye ukujonga kwangaphambili kuya kwahluka.
Q. Zeziphi iimpawu ze-SwiftUI?
I-SwiftUI sisikhokelo sophuhliso lomsebenzisi kwi-iOS. Sisakhelo esipheleleyo esakhiwe ukusuka phantsi ukuya phezulu. Isekwe kumgaqo "wokuhamba kwedatha eyodwa."
Sisikhokelo somthombo ovulekileyo. Yakhiwe nge-Swift, into entsha ka-Apple ulwimi lwenkqubo. Yenzelwe ukwenza usetyenziso olukhawulezayo noluphendulayo. Isebenzisa i-UIKit entsha.
Q. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-SwiftUI kunye ne-UIKit?
I-SwiftUI sisikhokelo esitsha sojongano lomsebenzisi, kwaye yakhelwe phezulu kwesakhelo se-UIKit. I-UIKit yi-iOS esemgangathweni isakhelo sokwakha ujongano lomsebenzisi.
Sesona sikhokelo sinamandla kwaye siguquguqukayo somsebenzisi kwiplanethi. Ikuvumela ukuba wakhe ujongano olutyebileyo, oluphendulayo, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wabasebenzisi.
Kodwa i-UIKit ilinganiselwe kwiqonga le-iOS, kwaye ifumaneka kuphela kwi-iOS 12.0 kwaye kamva. Ke, i-SwiftUI likamva lophuhliso lwe-iOS.
Okukwintsusa
Ukuqukumbela, awunakutsibela ngqo kwiprojekthi kwaye uqale ukwakha usetyenziso usebenzisa i-SwiftUI.
Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa i-SwiftUI kwiiprojekthi zakho, kufuneka wakhe isiseko kuqala. Ngoko, ulindele ntoni? Qhubeka ufunde i-SwiftUI namhlanje!
Shiya iMpendulo