Isiqulatho[Fihla][Bonisa]
I-ERP, okanye isicwangciso sobutyebi beshishini, ligama onokuthi ukhe weva ngaphambili kodwa ungaliqondi ngokupheleleyo. Esi sithuba sebhlog siyakuchaza ukuba yintoni iERP kunye nendlela enokuzuza ngayo ishishini lakho.
Siza kubonelela ngeminye imizekelo yeenkqubo ezaziwayo zeERP.
Ke ukuba unomdla malunga ne-ERP kwaye ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi, qhubeka ufunda!
Yintoni i-ERP?
I-ERP, okanye ukucwangciswa kwezixhobo zeshishini, sisisombululo sesoftware esinceda amashishini alawule kwaye enze ngokuzenzekelayo imisebenzi yawo. Iinkqubo ze-ERP zibandakanya iimodyuli zokubala, ulawulo lwe-inventri, ulawulo lobudlelwane bomthengi (CRM), kunye nezibonelelo zabasebenzi (HR).
Ezinye izisombululo ze-ERP zibonelela ngeemodyuli ezongezelelweyo ze-e-commerce, ulawulo lweprojekthi, kunye nokuthotyelwa.
Iinkqubo ze-ERP ziyilelwe ukubonelela ngembono emanyeneyo yedatha yenkampani kunye neenkqubo, kwaye amashishini abo bonke ubukhulu banokuzisebenzisa. Izisombululo ze-ERP zinokubekwa kwindawo okanye kwilifu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iERP ayisosicelo sesoftware enye. Endaweni yoko, luhlobo lwesoftware ebandakanya izicelo ezininzi ezisebenza kunye ukunika isisombululo esibanzi kumashishini.
Ishishini leERP litshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Kwi-2018, inani lezisombululo ze-ERP liqikelelwa ukuba linyuke malunga ne-6,800-i-24 yepesenti yokunyuka ukusuka kwi-2017.
Isebenza Njani I-ERP?
Iinkqubo ze-ERP zidla ngokuqulunqwa ziimodyuli ezijongana nemfuno yeshishini elithile. Ngokomzekelo, imodyuli yokubala ilawula idatha yezemali, kwaye imodyuli yeCRM ilawula ulwazi lwabathengi.
Iinkqubo zakhiwe kwisiseko sedatha esisembindini esiqulethe yonke idatha yenkampani. Oku kuvumela amashishini ukuba abe nombono omnye, obanzi wemisebenzi yawo.
Iinkqubo ze-ERP ziyilelwe ukuba zizenzekele kwaye zilungelelanise iinkqubo zoshishino. Ngokomzekelo, xa umthengi ebeka umyalelo, inkqubo ye-ERP inokuhlaziya ngokuzenzekelayo iirekhodi ze-inventri kwaye ivelise ii-invoyisi.
Oku kunciphisa imfuno yokungena kwedatha ngesandla, enokugcina amashishini ixesha elininzi kunye nemali.
Kutheni le nto kufuneka ufunde i-ERP?
Iinkqubo ze-ERP zisetyenziswa ngamashishini abo bonke ubukhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Oko kuthethiweyo, i-ERP ifaneleke kakhulu kwiinkampani ezijonge ukulungelelanisa kunye nokwenza imisebenzi yazo. I-ERP inokuba luncedo kumashishini akhulayo ku-accounting yawo yangoku okanye izisombululo zeCRM.
Ukuba umtsha kwi-ERP, kubalulekile ukufunda izinto ezisisiseko ukuze ukwazi ukwenza isigqibo malunga nokuba ilungile na okanye hayi kwishishini lakho. Ukongeza, nokuba ugqibe kwelokuba ungayisebenzisi inkqubo ye-ERP, ukuqonda ukuba isebenza njani iERP kunokukunika ulwazi malunga nendlela yokuhlengahlengisa iinkqubo zeshishini lakho.
Kwakhona, iinkqubo ze-ERP zihlala zivela, kwaye iimpawu ezintsha kunye neemodyuli zongezwa rhoqo. Ke ukuba unomdla kwikhondo lomsebenzi kwishishini okanye kwitekhnoloji, ukufunda iERP yindlela elungileyo yokuhlala usexesheni kwiintsingiselo zamva nje.
Yeyiphi eminye imizekelo yeeNkqubo zeERP?
Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ze-ERP kwimarike, kwaye isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwishishini lakho siya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zakho ezithile.
Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iinkqubo zeERP ezaziwayo zibandakanya:
1. SAP Business One
SAP ngumboneleli wesoftware wehlabathi onamava angaphezu kwama-50 eminyaka kwishishini. Ibonelela ngesoftware yeERP egxile ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zoshishino.
Ishishini le-SAP Omnye udibanisa yonke imiba ye-accounting, i-CRM, ulawulo lokusasazwa, ulawulo lwe-odolo, ukuvelisa, ukuthengisa, inkonzo, kunye nolawulo lokubonelela.
I-SAP Business One yenye yezona nkqubo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-enterprise resource planning (ERP) ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo.
Yinkqubo yabasebenzisi abaninzi, okuthetha ukuba abasebenzisi abaninzi banokufikelela kuyo ngaxeshanye.
Inkqubo isebenza kwiWindows, Linux, UNIX, AIX, Mac OS X, kunye neSolaris.
Ine-interface ekulula ukuyisebenzisa, iyenza ibe ntle kubo bobabini abaqalayo kunye nabasebenzisi abaziingcali.
I-SAP Business One inezixhobo zayo zokuphuhlisa, ngoko unokwenza ngokwezifiso inkqubo ngendlela ofuna ngayo. Ibandakanya zombini kwisiseko kunye nokuphunyezwa kwefu.
Inkampani ikwabonelela ngeemodyuli ezongezelelweyo ezahlukeneyo ezinceda iinkampani ukuba zenze iintlawulo ezikhawulezayo kwaye zivumele iinkampani ukuba zenze iirhafu zazo ngokuzenzekelayo. Ixhasa iilwimi ezininzi, kubandakanya isiJamani, isiFrentshi, isiTaliyane, iSpanish, njl.
2. I-Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS)
Oracle EBS ikwaphakathi kweepakethe zeERP ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ezikhoyo kwimarike namhlanje. Le nkqubo yenzelwe amashishini aphakathi kwemarike ajonge ukonyusa iERP ukuze ilungelelanise kwaye izenzele iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokubuyela emva.
I-EBS iza ne-suite yeemodyuli kunye neengxelo ezibonelela ngokubonakala kwiindidi zezalathisi eziphambili zokusebenza.
Sisixhobo esinamandla esenzelwe ukunceda amashishini amancinci kunye nemibutho emikhulu ukulawula zonke iinkalo zoshishino lwabo, kuquka abantu, imali, ukuveliswa kunye nokuhanjiswa.
3.Microsoft Dynamics CRM
IMicrosoft Dynamics CRM ludibaniso lweemveliso ezininzi ezahlukeneyo eziye zakhiwe malunga enye kwenye.
Imveliso yokuqala eyaphuhliswayo yayiyiMicrosoft Dynamics AX, edibanisa onke amacandelo aphambili kwiDynamics CRM kwaye iwadibanise ngendlela yokwenza kube lula ukusebenza ngedatha kuyo yonke inkqubo yendalo.
IMicrosoft Dynamics AX sisicelo sesoftware yeshishini (ERP) esenziwe nguMicrosoft Corp. ebonelela iinkampani ngezisombululo zesoftware eyilelwe ukuzinceda ziphucule unikezelo lwazo, ukuzaliseka kweodolo, ubudlelwane babathengi, kunye neenkqubo zoshishino.
Iinzuzo zokusebenzisa iERP
Ukudityaniswa kwedatha
Enye yezinto ezinamandla kakhulu zenkqubo ye-ERP kukudibanisa idatha. Amashishini asebenzisa isoftwe ye-ERP ukwenza nokulawula iiseti ezininzi zedatha malunga neemveliso zenkampani, abathengi, abasebenzi, kunye nemali. Ezi nkcukacha zedatha zihlala ziqulethe amakhulukhulu e-spreadsheet kunye namanye amaxwebhu.
Iinkampani zinokuthatha ithuba lokudityaniswa kwedatha ngokubeka le nkcazelo kwindawo enye efikeleleka lula. Nje ukuba zidityanisiwe, amashishini anokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kuyo yonke idatha yawo kwindawo enye.
Qinisekisa ukuchaneka kwedatha
Iinkqubo ze-ERP eziphumelele kakhulu zenzelwe ukulawula idatha ebalulekileyo yeshishini ngokuchanekileyo. Banokwenza uhlengahlengiso lwexesha langempela kwaye bagcine ulwazi oluhlaziyiweyo njengoko lufunyenwe.
Iinkampani azisayi kuphinda zichithe iiyure zifaka idatha ngesandla kwi-spreadsheet ngalo lonke ixesha ulwazi luhlaziywa. Endaweni yoko, idatha iya kuhlaziywa ngokuzenzekelayo kwisoftware ye-ERP.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha
Iitshekhi zeNtembeko yeDatha yazo zonke iinkalo zeenkqubo zeshishini lakho zibalulekile ukugcina inqanaba lokungaguquguquki kumbutho wakho wonke. Xa unombono omnye weshishini lakho, ufumana ukukwazi ukubona okwenzekayo kuzo zonke iziphelo zeshishini lakho.
Umzekelo, ukuba isoftware yakho yokubala ayibonisi ibhalansi echanekileyo yeakhawunti yakho yebhanki okanye amanqanaba oluhlu lwempahla, unokuwubona ngokukhawuleza umcimbi.
Ukwanda kokhuseleko
Iinkqubo ze-ERP zibonelela amashishini ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo, njengoko zibekwe embindini. Yonke idatha igcinwa kwindawo enye, ngoko kulula ukugcina nokukhusela kunokuba idatha isasazwe kwiinkqubo ezininzi.
Ukuba inkqubo ephambili yayiza konakaliswa okanye ithotyelwe, zonke ezinye iinkqubo aziyi kuchaphazeleka. Kukwathetha ukuba kukho imingcipheko embalwa yokulahleka kwedatha kuba ukuba nayiphi na inxalenye yesiseko sedatha yonakaliswa okanye igqekeziwe, unokuyibuyisela kwii-backups.
Ke, amashishini aya kukwazi ukugcina yonke idatha yawo ikhuselwe kwindawo enye, eyenza ikhuseleke ngakumbi.
Ungaqala njani ngeERP yabaQalayo?
1. Khetha isisombululo se-ERP esiKulungeleyo
Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe iphakheji yesoftware, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ishishini lakho liya kusisebenzisa njani isisombululo. Ngaba uya kusebenza njengeshishini le-B2C okanye le-B2B?
Ngaba ufuna ukuthengisa ngokuthe ngqo kubathengi bakho okanye uthengise ngamajelo osasazo? Ngaba ishishini lakho liya kufuna usetyenziso lweshishini eligcwele ngokupheleleyo okanye isisombululo esisisiseko sokubala?
Ngaba eyona nto ugxile kuyo ekuthengiseni okanye kuphuhliso lwemveliso? Nje ukuba ufumanise ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zokusebenza ezibalulekileyo kwinkampani yakho, qiniseka ukuba ukhetha isisombululo seERP esihlangabezana neemfuno zakho.
Khetha inkqubo yesoftware efikelelekayo, esebenzayo, nelula ukuyisebenzisa. Nje ukuba ulunciphise uluhlu lwakho kwizisombululo ezibini okanye ezithathu, thetha nomboneleli wesoftware ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nomahluko phakathi kokhetho ngalunye.
2. Fumana uQeqesho oluyimfuneko kwindlela yokusebenzisa iNkqubo
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukufunda ukusebenzisa isoftwe ye-ERP, uya kufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba unokuqonda okuqinileyo kokusetyenziswa kwesoftware esisiseko. Iisistim ze-ERP ziyilelwe ukuqhuba imisebenzi entsonkothileyo yeshishini, ke kuya kufuneka ufunde indlela yokuhamba ngayo phambi kokuba uzame naluphi na uphumezo olukhulu.
Izifundo zoqeqesho ze-ERP ziya kukufundisa izakhono ozidingayo ukuze usebenzise ezi nkqubo ngokufanelekileyo.
Iinkqubo ezininzi ze-ERP kunzima ukuzisebenzisa ngaphandle koqeqesho. Kunokuba nzima kumsebenzisi omtsha ukusebenzisa isoftware ngaphandle koqeqesho olufanelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba le nkqubo ayizukusetyenziswa kangangoko kwaye ayikuboneleli ngezibonelelo ekumele ukuba inikezele. Ngesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthatha uqeqesho malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa inkqubo yakho yeERP ngokufanelekileyo.
3. Sebenza noMcebisi ukuze kuphunyezwe iNkqubo
Ungafumanisa ukuba abacebisi bomntu wesithathu banobuchule bokuphuhlisa inkqubo yeERP eya kuhambelana neemfuno zenkampani yakho. Izisombululo ze-ERP zihlala zintsonkothile, ngoko luluvo oluhle ukusebenza nomcebisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana okuninzi kwinkqubo.
Enyanisweni, ngokutsho kophando lwe-2017 lwewebhusayithi ye-Software Advice, enye kwiinkampani ezintlanu eziphumeza izisombululo ze-ERP ziyasilela ukwenza oko ngempumelelo.
Ezinye zezo ntsilelo zinokulandelelwa emva kucwangciso olulambathayo, ukungabikho koqeqesho, kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo yokuphunyezwa. Ukongeza, iinkampani ezikhetha ukungasebenzisi iinkqubo ze-ERP zivame ukufumana iingxaki ezininzi kunamashishini asebenzisa iinkqubo ze-ERP ngokuchanekileyo.
4. Hamba uphile kunye neNkqubo
Xa uqala ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-ERP, kungathatha ixesha elithile ukuba isoftware iqhelane nendlela yeshishini lakho lokwenza izinto.
Inkqubo yakho ye-ERP ekugqibeleni iya kuba nenani lohlengahlengiso olwenziweyo ukuze ilingane neemfuno zenkampani yakho ngcono.
5. Beka esweni kwaye uSebenzise iNkqubo ngexesha
Njengoko iimfuno zeshishini zitshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, kubalulekile ukubeka esweni kwaye uhlengahlengise uyilo lwenkqubo yakho yeERP ngokufanelekileyo.
Njengoko umda weprojekthi usanda, uya kufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi abatsha kwaye inkqubo ilungiselelwe ukunceda umbutho wakho ufezekise iinjongo zawo. Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka uhlaziye rhoqo kwaye uhlalutye ukusebenza kwenkqubo kunye nokusebenza.
Ukuphumeza inkqubo ye-ERP inokuba linyathelo elikhulu, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwenza uphando lwakho kwaye ukhethe isisombululo esilungele ishishini lakho.
Iinkqubo ze-ERP zintsonkothile, kwaye kuninzi ekufuneka kufundwe ngazo. Nangona kunjalo, sinethemba lokuba esi sithuba sebhlog sikunike ukuqonda ngcono ukuba yintoni na iERP kunye nendlela enokuthi incede ngayo ishishini lakho.
Shiya iMpendulo