Zviri Mukati[Viga][Ratidza]
- 1. Unorevei netiweki?
- 2. Chii chaizvo chinonzi network security?
- 3. Muchirevo chekuchengetedzwa kwetiweki, unorevei nenjodzi, kusagadzikana, uye kutyisidzira?
- 4. Chii chinogona kukanganisa kurwisa network yekombuta?
- 5. Panyaya yetiweki yako yekumba, une Wireless Access Point, uye kana zvakadaro, unoidzivirira sei?
- 6. Chii icho mainjiniya ekuchengetedza ruzivo anovavarira kuita mukati mesangano?
- 9. Ndeapi marudzi akasiyana eVPN, uye munhu angaishandisa rini?
- 10. Uri kufambira mberi sei nenhau dzinechekuita netiweki? Unoverenga nyaya idzi kakawanda sei? Unowanepi nhau dzine chokuita nokuchengeteka?
- 11. Ndedzipi nzira dzekushandisa chokwadi dzakachengeteka?
- 12. Ndeapi matanho aungatora kudzivirira network isina waya?
- 13. Ndeapi matanho anonyanya kushanda pakurwisa brute force login?
- 14. Rondedzera CIA.
- 15. Rondedzera kuti symmetric uye asymmetric encryption zvakasiyana sei.
- 16. Chii chinosiyanisa sevha yeproxy kubva kune firewall?
- 17. Unorevei neIPS?
- 18. Panyaya yekuchengetedzwa kwetiweki, chii chinonzi intrusion prevention system?
- 19. Ipa muenzaniso wawaifanira kugadzirisa dambudziko retiweki.
- 20. Rondedzera musiyano uripo pakati pengowani chena neheki yeheti nhema.
- 21. Panyaya yekuchengeteka, HTTPS kana SSL, iyo inonyanya kushanda?
- 22. Ungaita sei kana ukaona hunhu husina chokwadi mumalogi ako etiweki?
- 23. Rondedzera chinangwa chekuisa munyu uye nzira dzinobatanidzwa.
- 24. Rondedzera firewall yeUTM.
- 25. Sei network firewalls isingaenderane neActive FTP?
- 26. Kurwiswa kwe "Munhu Ari Pakati": unopindura sei?
- 27. Wakambonyora mitemo yekuchengetedza here?
- 28. Chii chaizvoizvo chiri nzvero yehurumende?
- 29. Unorevei neRansomware?
- 30. Rondedzera kurwisa kweDDoS.
- 31. Spyware: Chii?
- 32. Rondedzera malware.
- 33. Phishing: Chii?
- 34. Chii chaizvo chinonzi adware?
- 35. Ndeipi nhanho yekurwisa ichashanda zvakanyanya pakurwisa CSRF?
- 36. Isu tinovavarira kusimbisa yedu cybersecurity. Ndedzipi dzimwe nzvimbo dzaunofunga kuti tinofanira kuisa pfungwa pazviri?
- 37. Ndeapi frequency yekutarisa network inokurudzirwa?
- 38. Chii chaizvo chinonzi botnet?
- 39. Rondedzera traceroute.
- 40. Ndezvipi zvitatu zvakakosha zvaunofanira kuita kudzivirira Linux server kana ukashanda neimwe?
- mhedziso
Munzvimbo yebhizinesi yazvino, mafemu ese, makuru nemadiki, anovimba neinternet uye ruzivo rwedhijitari kuita bhizinesi. Kuti utore kushandiswa kweindaneti, nhamba iri kuwedzera yemabhizinesi ari kushandisa network yekushanda kwavo.
Manetiweki emukati anotapukirwa nekurwiswa uye matsotsi pavanotanga kupanana ruzivo online. Iyo network uye ruzivo rwese pairi runofanira kuchengetedzwa semhedzisiro, izvo zvinonyanya kukosha.
Kuwedzera kutyora kuchengetedzwa kunogona kukanganisa kukosha kwesangano kana mukurumbira pamwe nemashandiro ezvekutengesa. Chengetedzo yekambani network network uye data kwakakosha.
Sezvo pasi rinowedzera kuve nemakomputa, ndizvo zvinoitawo kudiwa kwevanokwanisa network kuchengetedza mainjiniya. Nyanzvi idzi dzinotarisira kuronga nekuita matanho ekuchengetedza kuchengetedza makomputa network kubva pakupinda zvisiri pamutemo, kuba, kana kukuvadzwa.
Kana iwe uchida kushanda mune ino-inodiwa chikamu, iwe uchafanirwa kunge wakagadzirira kupindura akasiyana-siyana emibvunzo nezve ruzivo rwako uye ruzivo panguva yekubvunzurudzwa kwebasa.
Iyi positi inokupa iwe yekutanga kune yepamberi network kuchengetedza kubvunzurudza mibvunzo nemhinduro izvo zvichakubatsira iwe kumira kunze uye kuwana basa raunoda.
1. Unorevei netiweki?
Network muunganidzwa wemakomputa akabatana nemimwe michina inobvumira data kufamba nekudzoka pakati pawo. Iyi ndiyo nzira yekubatanidza zvinhu zvakasiyana pamwe chete uye kugonesa kutaurirana pakati pazvo.
Kugona kugovera data ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha panetwork. Vanhu vanogona kugovana ruzivo uye kubatana paInternet, network yakakura. Kugovana data kunobvumira kukurumidza uye kunoshanda ruzivo ruzivo.
Chengetedzo chimwezve chinhu chakakosha chetiweki. Nekuti kune zvakawanda zvingangoitika, networking ibasa rine njodzi. Unogona kurasikirwa nedata rako rese, semuenzaniso, kana mumwe munhu akapaza pakombuta yako. Unogona kupinda mumatambudziko kana mumwe munhu akatora chitupa chako.
2. Chii chaizvo chinonzi network security?
Chinangwa chekuchengetedzwa kwetiweki, chikamu che cybersecurity, ndechekuchengetedza ruzivo, hardware, uye software yakabatana netiweki yekambani.
Kuti uone kana zvese zvishandiso uye maapplication anoshandisa network yekambani vashandisi vari pamutemo uye vane mvumo yekuwana iyo data, nyanzvi dzine hunyanzvi mukuchengetedza network mashandiro musangano. Pamusoro pezvo, vanovimbisa kuti hapana zviito zvekunze zvinoitika pane network yekambani.
Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vanoshandisa akati wandei matekinoroji kuvimbisa zvakafanana. Heano mashoma akajairika mhando dzetiweki chengetedzo mhinduro dzinochengetedza mabhizinesi kubva kune hutsinye intrusions.
- Firewall kuchengetedza
- Cloud kuchengetedza
- Virtual yakavanzika network
- Network access control
- Kuonekwa uye kudzivisa kupindira
3. Muchirevo chekuchengetedzwa kwetiweki, unorevei nenjodzi, kusagadzikana, uye kutyisidzira?
Njodzi chinhu chinoitika kana sisitimu yakachengeteka asi isina kuchengetedzwa zvakakwana, ichiwedzera mukana wenjodzi. Kukanganisa kana kukanganisa munetiweki yako kana midziyo inozivikanwa sekusagadzikana (semuenzaniso modem, marouters, nzvimbo dzekuwana).
Kurwiswa nehutachiona muenzaniso wenjodzi sezvo ine mukana wekutanga chiitiko.
4. Chii chinogona kukanganisa kurwisa network yekombuta?
MaHacker kana varwisi vanonanga makomputa network nechinangwa chekukonzera kukuvadza kusingachinjike kumabhizinesi. Kana makomputa network akatyorwa nekurova kana kubira, mhedzisiro isingadikanwi inotevera.
- Profit yakatemwa.
- Kuderera kwehuremu pakati pevaridzi
- Kukuvadza mukurumbira
- Mutengi kusagutsikana
- Kuderera kwemutengo weBrand
- Kurasikirwa kwechakavanzika uye ruzivo rwemuridzi
5. Panyaya yetiweki yako yekumba, une Wireless Access Point, uye kana zvakadaro, unoidzivirira sei?
Pane nzira dzakati wandei dzekuchengetedza WAP, asi nhatu dzinonyanyozivikanwa ndedzekushandisa MAC kero kusefa, WPA2, uye kwete kutepfenyura iyo SSID.
Uku ndiko kumwe kuedza nemushandirwi kuona zvakakosha kwauri iwe pachako maererano nekuchengetedza. Mushure mezvose, vanhu vanozvisarudzira zvakanakisa!
6. Chii icho mainjiniya ekuchengetedza ruzivo anovavarira kuita mukati mesangano?
Izvi zvinotevera zvimwe zvinangwa zvekutanga network yekuchengetedza chirongwa mumasangano:
- Misa kupinda kunetiweki zvisiri pamutemo
- Ita shuwa kuvanzika, kutendeseka, uye inonzwisisika data yevashandisi vetiweki
- Dzivirira network kubva kune zvekutyisidzira kwekunze sekubira uye kumisa vashandisi vasina mvumo kuti vazviwane.
- Kudzivirira vashandisi vane hutsinye kubva kuba chero data rakachengetwa kana mukufambisa kana kunetiweki yese.
- Dzivirira network kubva kune malware uye mamwe marudzi ekurwiswa (DDoS, MITM, Eavesdropping, nezvimwewo)
7. Unonzwisisa here marudzi akasiyana-siyana emafirewall uye kuti anoshandiswa sei?
Iyo yakajairika yekuchengetedza nzira inoshandiswa netiweki mainjiniya ndiyo firewall.
Uyu mubvunzo unogona kubvunzwa nemubvunzurudzo kuti utarise kana uine ruzivo rwekushandisa firewall pabasa rako rekutanga uye kuziva kuti ndeapi marudzi emafirewall aunoziva nezvawo.
Edza kutsanangura marudzi akasiyana-siyana emafirewall uye kuti anoshanda sei mumhinduro yako.
Muenzaniso: "Mubasa rangu rekare, ndakabata ne-hardware- uye software-based firewalls. Ndinotenda kuti imwe neimwe style ine zvakanakira zvayo.
Hardware-based firewalls, semuenzaniso, inogona kuve yakachengeteka zvakanyanya nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwavo murouter pachayo. Software-based firewalls, zvisinei, inopa nyore kugadzirisa. Kazhinji, ndinotenda kuti zvakakosha kushandisa firewall yakanyatsokodzera mamiriro ezvinhu.
8. Panyaya yekuchengetedzwa kwetiweki, chii chinonzi AAA?
Mvumo, kutendeseka, uye accounting zvakapfupikiswa seAAA. Accounting ibasa rakakosha rebhizinesi, kunyangwe kana humbowo uye mvumo dziri mbiru mbiri dzekuchengetedza network.
- Maitiro ekuona kuti mushandisi ane pamutemo here anonzi echokwadi. Kuti vasimbise mushandisi, vanoita nhamba yekuongorora bvunzo.
- Kodzero yekushandisa network yekambani yakapihwa munhu kana chinhu. Chikamu chetiweki chekambani chinoitwa kuti chiwanikwe kune wese mushandisi.
- Accounting inotsanangura chidimbu chetekinoroji inobatsira kambani kuunganidza data rekuti network yayo iri kushanda sei. Chekupedzisira, AAA chigadziriso chekutarisa network chiitiko, vanhu, uye masisitimu mumabhizinesi.
9. Ndeapi marudzi akasiyana eVPN, uye munhu angaishandisa rini?
A VPN tekinoroji yekuchengetedzwa kwenetiweki inoita kuti vashandisi vabatane zvakachengeteka kune yakavanzika network. Manzwisisiro ako emhando dzakasiyana dzeVPN uye mashandisiro adzo munzvimbo yebasa anogona kuongororwa nemubvunzi nekukubvunza mubvunzo uyu.
Mhando dzakawanda dzeVPN sezvaungagona kunyorwa mumhinduro yako, pamwe netsananguro yekuti rudzi rwega rwega runobatsira riini.
Semuenzaniso: Kune marudzi maviri eVPNs: saiti-kune-saiti uye mutengi-kune-saiti. " Saiti-kune-saiti VPNs inogonesa mabhizinesi kubatanidza yavo yakazara network kune network yerimwe bhizinesi.
Izvi zvinobatsira kumakambani ane nzvimbo dzinoverengeka kana mahofisi. Mutengi-kune-saiti VPNs inogonesa vashandi kuti vabatanidze kune zviwanikwa kunetiweki iri kure kubva chero nzvimbo.
Semuenzaniso, kana ndiri kushanda ndiri kure uye ndichida kuwana maseva ekambani yangu, ndinogona kuzviita nekushandisa mutengi-kune-saiti VPN.
10. Uri kufambira mberi sei nenhau dzinechekuita netiweki? Unoverenga nyaya idzi kakawanda sei? Unowanepi nhau dzine chokuita nokuchengeteka?
Hackers uye kutyora kwedata vakaita misoro kazhinji mumakore mashoma apfuura, uye nyaya dzekuchengetedza network inyaya inopisa izvozvi. Iwe unoziva sei nezve ichangoburwa chengetedzo nhau uye zvinoitika zvichave chimwe chinhu mushandirwi achada kuziva.
Sarudzo dzako dzakanakisa dzenhau masosi Twitter, Reddit, uye Chikwata Cymru. Zvisinei, chenjera kuti usimbise uchokwadi hwemanyuko.
11. Ndedzipi nzira dzekushandisa chokwadi dzakachengeteka?
Imwe yeyakajairwa network kuchengetedza kubvunzurudza mibvunzo ndeiyi. Unogona kupindura mubvunzo uyu nekutaura kuti nzira dzakachengetedzeka dzekusimbisa mushandisi dzinosanganisira biometric, tokens, uye password.
Uyezve, kutendeseka kwemushandisi kuri nyore uye nekukurumidza kuvonga kune maviri-chinhu chechokwadi. Izvo zvakare zvakachengeteka kutarisa ruzivo rwemushandisi.
12. Ndeapi matanho aungatora kudzivirira network isina waya?
Mubvunzurudzo anogona kukubvunza nezve kuti ungadzivirira sei mawireless network sezvo iri nzira yenguva dzose yekubatanidza zvishandiso.
Ipa mienzaniso yematanho ekuchengetedza aunoshandisa kuchengetedza mawaya mawaya kubva kune kunze kukanganiswa uye kuedza kubira.
Muenzaniso: Sezvo mawireless network asina miganho yenyama ine waya, anogona kukurumidza. Ini ndinotanga nekugonesa encryption pane yega yega isina waya yekuwana nzvimbo kudzivirira data kubva pakubatwa painenge ichitumirwa pakati pemidziyo.
Kudzivirira vashandisi vasingadiwe kushandisa network, ini ndakazoisa firewall. Chekupedzisira asi chisiri chidiki, ndinoisa intrusion yekuona masisitimu kuti utarise traffic uye kuona chero maitiro asinganzwisisiki.
13. Ndeapi matanho anonyanya kushanda pakurwisa brute force login?
Pane matanho matatu makuru aunogona kutora kuti uzvidzivirire kubva kune brute force login kurwiswa. Kuvharwa kweakaundi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga. Kusvikira maneja afunga kuvhurazve account, maakaundi anotadzira anochengetwa kunze.
Iyo inofambira mberi yekunonoka kudzivirira iri kumusoro inotevera. Muchiitiko ichi, iyo account yakavharwa mushure meimwe nhamba yekutadza kupinda mukuedza kweimwe nhamba yemazuva.
Muedzo wemhinduro yekupikisa, inova nhanho yekupedzisira, inodzivirira kutumira otomatiki kunoitwa pachishandiswa tekinoroji yepeji rekupinda.
14. Rondedzera CIA.
Iyo CIA ipfupi inoreva kuvanzika, Kutendeseka, uye Kuwanikwa. Mutemo wesangano wekuchengetedza ruzivo unofanirwa kuve wakavakirwa pamuenzaniso weCIA.
- Kuvanzika kwakada kufanana nekuvanzika. Kuti uderedze kurwiswa uye kudzivirira ruzivo rwakadzama kuti risapinde mumaoko asiri iwo, network yemakomputa inofanirwa kuchengetedza zvakavanzika.
- Kuchengeta kuperera kwedata pakurarama kwayo kwese kunoreva kuichengeta yakafanana, yakarurama, uye yakavimbika. Kuziva kuti data rinogona kuitika paunenge uri munzira uye kutora matanho ekuvimbisa kuti harigone kuchinjwa nemapato asina mvumo, uye kukanganisa kuvanzika, zvese zvinodiwa.
- Kana network iripo, zvese zvivakwa zvayo zvemuviri, software, uye zviwanikwa zvinoitwa kuti zviwanikwe kune vashandisi vane mvumo. Kuchengetedza inoshanda yakazara sisitimu yekushandisa isina kusawirirana kwesoftware uye kugadzirisa nekukasira inzira mbiri dzekuvimbisa kuwanikwa. Kuwanikwa kunodiwawo kuchengetedza zvese hardware muhurongwa hwekushanda kwakanaka.
15. Rondedzera kuti symmetric uye asymmetric encryption zvakasiyana sei.
Asymmetric encryption inoshandisa makiyi akajeka ekuvharidzira uye decryption, nepo symmetric encryption inoshandisa kiyi imwechete kune ese maitirwo..
Nezvikonzero zviri pachena, symmetric inokurumidza, asi pane njodzi inosanganisirwa mukufambisa kiyi kuburikidza nechiteshi chisina kunyorwa.
16. Chii chinosiyanisa sevha yeproxy kubva kune firewall?
Netiweki yako nyanzvi dzekuchengetedza dzichaedzwa nemubvunzo uyu. Mubvunzurudzo anogonawo kuongorora mashandisiro aunoita ruzivo irworwo mumamiriro ezvinhu anoshanda.
Tsanangudzo mbiri dzakasiyana uye muenzaniso weimwe neimwe inofanira kuiswa mumhinduro yako.
Semufananidzo, funga zvinotevera: "Sevha yeproxy inoshanda senzira yepakati kune vatengi nemaseva, ichigonesa vashandisi kuwana data pane mamwe makomputa kuburikidza nayo.
A firewall igadziriro yakagadzirwa kudzivirira kubva kusingadiwe kuwana komputa kubva kunze kwenyika. Inoita izvi nekusefa traffic inouya uye inobuda zvinoenderana neyakatsanangurwa mushandisi maitiro.
17. Unorevei neIPS?
IPS inzira yekudzivirira kutyisidzira iyo inoongorora yega yega network data kuyerera kuwana uye kumisa hutsinye maitiro pamwe nekuona kusagadzikana kwetiweki. Nekuti inogona kumisikidzwa kuti ione kutyisidzira kwakasiyana kwetiweki uye kunzwisisa kusasimba kwetiweki, IPS inobatsira.
IPS inowanzoiswa pamuganho wekunze wetiweki. Kune akawanda akasiyana marudzi eIPS; dzimwe nzira dzekumisa kupindira dzinosanganisira kusaina-kwakavakirwa, anomaly-based, protocol-based, uye policy-based IPS.
18. Panyaya yekuchengetedzwa kwetiweki, chii chinonzi intrusion prevention system?
An intrusion prevention system (IPS) ihardware kana software-based network chengetedzo chishandiso chinoongorora network yezviitwa zvisiri pamutemo uye inovhara, inovhara, kana kudonhedza sezvazvinoitika kuwedzera pakuzvitaura.
Kuenzaniswa nehurongwa hwekudzivirira kupindira, IDS yakanyanya kuoma nekuti inongozivisa zviitiko zvinokuvadza pasina kutora chimwe chiito (IPS).
Iyo intrusion kudzivirira system (IPS) inogona kuve chikamu chechizvarwa chinotevera firewall (NGFW) kana yakabatana yekutyisidzira manejimendi (UTM) mhinduro.
Ndiyo imwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa network kuchengetedza mhinduro nekuti ivo vanokwanisa kuongorora yakakwira huwandu hwetraffic pasina kukanganisa network kuita.
19. Ipa muenzaniso wawaifanira kugadzirisa dambudziko retiweki.
Mainjiniya anopedza nguva yakawanda achinetsa, saka makambani anofarira kuziva kana uine chero hunyanzvi nazvo. Tsanangura dambudziko uye mhinduro mumhinduro yako.
Muenzaniso: Pandaimboshanda, ndaifanira kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu apo vamwe vanhu vaisakwanisa kuwana mamwe mawebhusaiti. Ndakaona kuti pakanga paine mutemo wefirewall unodzikamisa traffic kubva kune mamwe masaiti mushure mekutarisa kunetiweki matanda.
Mushure mekubvisa mutemo, ndakadzokorora kubatana. Ndakaisa mutemo mutsva kushanda nekuti wakashanda.
20. Rondedzera musiyano uripo pakati pengowani chena neheki yeheti nhema.
MaHackers anoshandisa ngowani nhema neheti chena mativi maviri emari imwe chete. Masangano ese ari maviri ane kugona uye kugona kupaza mumanetiweki uye kuwana data rinowanzo kuchengetedzwa.
Zvisinei, ngowani chena dzinoshanda kuvhiringidza vavariro dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzengowani nhema nepo dzokutanga dzichisundwa namakaro omunhu oga, ruvengo, kana kuti gadziriro dzezvamatongerwe enyika.
Kuti uongorore kushanda kwekuchengetedza, vazhinji chena hat hackers vanoitawo network test test uye simulations.
21. Panyaya yekuchengeteka, HTTPS kana SSL, iyo inonyanya kushanda?
Nekubatanidza HTTP neSSL, HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Yakachengeteka) inoita kuti kusefa kuchengetedzeke nekuvharira traffic yese. Nzira yeInternet inozivikanwa seSSL (Secure Sockets Layer) inochengetedza kutaurirana pakati pemapato maviri kana anopfuura paInternet.
Nepo zvese izvi zvakakosha kuziva nekuda kwekuvaka webhu, SSL inozokunda maererano nekuchengetedzeka kwese, kunyangwe kuri kufona kwepedyo.
22. Ungaita sei kana ukaona hunhu husina chokwadi mumalogi ako etiweki?
Kugona kwako kugadzirisa matambudziko uye kuona chiitiko chekufungidzira kunogona kuongororwa nemubvunzi uchishandisa uyu mubvunzo. Ipa mienzaniso kubva pane zvakambosangana kwawakaona zvisina kujairika network kana zvimwe zviratidzo zvecybercrime.
Muenzaniso: "Ndaitanga ndatarisa kuti ndione kana manyepo kana ndikawona maitiro asina kujairika mumatanda angu. Kana zvisiri, ndaizotarisa mazviri zvakanyanya nekuona iyo IP kero yakaita iyo log yekupinda.
Mushure mezvo, ndaiongorora chitambi chenguva chechiitiko kuti ndione rudzi rwedata raitaurwa panguva iyoyo. Izvi zvinogona kundibatsira kuona kana chiito chiri kuitwa nechinangwa chakaipa.
23. Rondedzera chinangwa chekuisa munyu uye nzira dzinobatanidzwa.
A password inosimbiswa kuburikidza nekuita salting, iyo inosanganisira kuwedzera mavara akakosha. Kuita kuti password ive yakareba uye kusanganisira imwe seti yemabhii ayo anofanirwa kusarudza kubva, inovandudza simba repassword munzira mbiri.
Kazhinji, idziviriro yakaderera nekuti vazhinji vane hunyanzvi vanokuvadza vanotoziva nezve maitiro uye vanoitora mukufunga, asi zvine musoro chenjedzo kutora kune vashandisi vanowanzogadzira isina kusimba mapassword.
24. Rondedzera firewall yeUTM.
Munetiweki yako, mudziyo mumwe chete unopa akasiyana ekuchengetedza maficha uye masevhisi. Vashandisi vako venetiweki vanochengetedzwa nehuwandu hwezvinhu zvekuchengetedza zvinopihwa neUTM, senge anti-virus, kusefa kwemukati, email uye webhu kuvharira, uye anti-spam, kutaura zvishoma.
Zvinogona kuve nyore kuchengetedza network kana ese esangano IT kuchengetedza masevhisi akasanganiswa kuita chinhu chimwe chete. Nepane imwe chete yegirazi, unogona kuramba wakatarisa pane zvese zvinotyisidzira uye zvine chekuita nekuchengetedza mukati menzvimbo yako yebhizinesi.
Neiyi nzira, iwe unogashira yakakwana, yakakwenenzverwa kupinda kune yega chikamu chekuchengetedza kwako kana nheyo isina waya.
25. Sei network firewalls isingaenderane neActive FTP?
Firewall inogadzirwa nekupinda nhamba yechiteshi (kana huwandu hwenhamba dzechiteshi) uye inoshanda kana isingaiti FTP traffic nzira (inouya kana inobuda) mumitemo.
Pane mirau miviri yakaparadzana yeaya mafomu maviri etraffic. Kugonesa aya marudzi maviri etraffic, firewall inofanira kuva nemitemo miviri yakasiyana yeFTP inoshanda.
Kusiyana nekudhonza, uko muvambi ari mukati, sundidzira ine yekunze initiator. FTP yakasarudzika Active FTP chirongwa chinoda kuseta kwakasiyana.
26. Kurwiswa kwe "Munhu Ari Pakati": unopindura sei?
Kana munhu wechitatu achiteerera uye achitungamirira kurukurirano pakati pevanhu vaviri, mumwe munhu wacho haatombozivi nezvemamiriro acho ezvinhu, uye izvi zvinozivikanwa se“Murume Ari Pakati Pekurwiswa.”
Pane nzira mbiri dzekurwisa kurohwa uku. Tanga nekunzvenga akavhurika maWi-Fi network. Iko kushandiswa kwekupedzisira-kusvika-kumagumo encryption kunofanirwa kuitwa nemapato ese.
27. Wakambonyora mitemo yekuchengetedza here?
Mubvunzurudzo anogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve ruzivo rwako mugwaro uye maitiro ekunyora nekubvunza mubvunzo uyu. Ratidza kuti unokwanisa kugadzira mitemo yekuchengetedza kune network yekambani uchishandisa mienzaniso kubva kubasa rekutanga.
Muenzaniso: Mune basa rangu rekare, ini ndanga ndichitungamira kugadzira nekusimbisa mirairo yekuchengetedza kunetiweki yedu yese. Kamwe chete pamwedzi, vashandi vangu neni taiungana kuti tikurukure nezvechinjo dzipi nedzipi dzataida kuita pamaitirwo edu azvino.
Isu takapfuurawo netsananguro dzebasa remuhaya wega wega kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti vaiziva kuchengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwetiweki yedu. Kuve pachinzvimbo ichi kwandiratidza kuti kwakakosha sei kugadzira uye kuita matanho akasimba ekuchengetedza.
28. Chii chaizvoizvo chiri nzvero yehurumende?
Kuongorora kwakasarudzika, kunowanzo kunzi dynamic packet kusefa, inzira yefirewall inochengeta mamiriro ekufambisa makubatanidza uye inosarudza kurega mapaketi etiweki achipfuura firewall zvichienderana neruzivo irworwo.
Kuongorora kwakasarudzika, kupesana nekutarisa kusingaverengeki, kwakanyatso kuenderana neyakagadzika packet kusefa uye inogona kubata UDP uye zvinoenderana nemaprotocol. TCP uye mamwe maprotocol akafanana anogonawo kubatwa nawo, zvakadaro.
Kuti uwane pamusoro pezvipingamupinyi zvesainzi firewall tekinoroji, Check Point Software Technologies (CPST) yakagadzira nzira yestateful firewall tekinoroji mukutanga kwema1990s..
Stateful firewall tekinoroji ikozvino yakagadziridzwa kuita inogamuchirwa indasitiri chiyero uye ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa firewall matekinoroji aripo nhasi.
29. Unorevei neRansomware?
Dhata inowanzovharirwa kana kuvharwa nekutyisidzira kusvika munhu anenge abatwa achibhadhara rudzikinuro. Kudiwa kwerudzikinuro dzimwe nguva kunosanganisira zuva rekupera.
Kudiwa kunogutswa kana munhu akabatwa akasabhadhara nenguva, data rakarasika zvachose, kana kuti rudzikinuro rwasimudzwa. Kurwiswa uchishandisa ransomware kwakajairika nhasi. Ransomware inobata makambani akatenderedza Europe neNorth America.
30. Rondedzera kurwisa kweDDoS.
Mukurwiswa kweDDoS, vanhu vanodzivirirwa kubva pakuwana mawebhusaiti akabatana uye masevhisi epamhepo nemafashama emumigwagwa yeinternet. DDoS kurwiswa kunowanzo kufambiswa nezvinhu zvakasiyana, sevatengi vane hasha vasingafariri masevhisi ekambani pamwe nevanokuvadza vanoda kukuvadza nemaune maseva ekambani kana kufumura cyber vulnerability.
. Nechinangwa chekuba vatengi kana kubira mari, mukwikwidzi anogona kukanganisa kana kuvhara mabasa eimwe kambani yepamhepo. Masevha ane hutachiona ane nhapwa ware kana ransomware anogona kuda kuti vabhadhare yakawandisa mari kuti kukuvara kugadziriswe.
31. Spyware: Chii?
Imwe mhando yesoftware inonzi spyware inopinda mukombuta yako kana nharembozha uye inounganidza data pamusoro pako, kusanganisira mawebhusaiti aunoshanyira, mafaera aunodhawunirodha, nzvimbo yako yekupinda uye password, ruzivo rwekadhi rechikwereti, uye hurukuro dzeemail.
Spyware inonyengera, izvo hazvishamisi. Iyo inojoinha yako yekushandisa system mushure mekupinda muchivande komputa yako pasina ruzivo rwako kana mvumo.
Kunyangwe ukasaverenga diki diki, unogona kugamuchira mamiriro echikumbiro anoita senge ari pamutemo pasina kudaro, mune iyo nyaya malware inogona kudyarwa pakombuta yako.
Spyware inogona kupinda mukombuta yako uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana, asi basa rayo rinogara rakafanana: rinoshanda rakavanda kumashure, kuunganidza ruzivo kana kutarisa maitiro ako kuitira kukuvadza komputa yako kana zviitiko zvako.
Iyo inoshaya nyore yekubvisa michina, kunyangwe iwe ukawana hupenyu hwayo husingadiwi pakombuta yako.
32. Rondedzera malware.
MaHackers anogona kuwana data yakavanzika uye kukonzera kukanganisa pamakomputa nekushandisa yakaipa software, inova inoparadza application. Malware chero chirongwa, maererano neMicrosoft, chinokuvadza muchina mumwe chete, sevha, kana komputa network.
Panzvimbo pekukurukura kuti software yakagadzirwa sei, inoreva iyo software pachayo. Malware inoratidzwa nekushanda kwayo kusiyana nemabviro ayo sezvo ichishandiswa kune chimwe chinangwa kwete kushandisa imwe tekinoroji kana zano.
33. Phishing: Chii?
Kunyangwe mamwe mahwindo epop-up achiratidza kushambadza pasina kuwana chero ruzivo rwemunhu kubva kwauri kana kutapurira komputa yako, mamwe anogadzirwa kuti akunange iwe neakakodzera kushambadzira.
Adware inogona kushandisa zvinongedzo zvekutengesa kukuendesa kune anokuvadza mawebhusaiti uye mapeji ane hutachiona, ichiisa muchina wako panjodzi yekutapukirwa.
Kana munhu akabatwa achinge agamuchira phishing email, vanonyengerwa kuti vaburitse zvakavanzika data, kusanganisira logins uye ruzivo rwekadhi rechikwereti. Wese munhu anofanirwa kuziva nezvemhando iyi yecybercrime sezvo yakapararira.
Kuburikidza neemail, inopedzwa. Pamusoro pezvo, kurwisa kwehutsotsi kune mukana wekuisa malware pakombuta yechinangwa.
34. Chii chaizvo chinonzi adware?
Iyo yakaipa software inozivikanwa se adware inoratidza zvisingadiwe kushambadza pakombuta yako kana nharembozha. Pane nharembozha nemaPC, adware inowanzoiswa pasina ruzivo rwemushandisi.
Adware kazhinji inokonzeresa apo vatengi vanoedza kuisa zvirongwa zvepamutemo. Mamwe mahwindo epop-up anoratidza kushambadza pasina kuunganidza ruzivo kubva kwauri kana kutapurira komputa yako, asi mamwe akagadzirirwa kuti akunange iwe nezvakashambadza.
Adware inogona kushandisa zvinongedzo zvekushambadzira kuti ikutungamirire kune anokuvadza mawebhusaiti uye mapeji ane hutachiona, zvichikuisa panjodzi yekutapukirwa nekombuta.
35. Ndeipi nhanho yekurwisa ichashanda zvakanyanya pakurwisa CSRF?
Mushandisi wekupedzisira aripo iye zvino anogona kupa mirairo isiri pamutemo kune a webhu kunyorera uchishandisa Cross-Site Chikumbiro Forgery (CSRF) kurwisa. Pane nzira mbiri dzekudzivirira dzakanaka.
Kuti uvandudze kusazivikanwa kwemushandisi, shandisa mazita akasiyana pandima yega yega pafomu. Chechipiri, tumira chiratidzo chisina kujairika pamwe chete nechikumbiro chese.
36. Isu tinovavarira kusimbisa yedu cybersecurity. Ndedzipi dzimwe nzvimbo dzaunofunga kuti tinofanira kuisa pfungwa pazviri?
Uyu mubvunzo unokutendera kuti uratidze manzwisisiro ako eiyo iripo cybersecurity landscape uye kuti ungaisimudzira sei. Paunenge uchipindura mubvunzo uyu, ipa zvakanangana nezve zvaungaita kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwekambani uye nei uchisarudza iwo matanho.
Ini ndinokurudzira kuti utange nekusimudzira software yako yese uye masisitimu anoshanda. " Izvi zvichabatsira kuvimbisa kuti chero kusazvibata kunogadziriswa usati washandiswa.
Ini ndingakurudzirawo kuti vashandi vese vanogona kuwana ruzivo rwakadzama vashandise mbiri-zvinhu chokwadi. Kunyangwe kana vanhu vasina mvumo vakawana mapassword, izvi zvinovatadzisa kuwana maakaundi.
37. Ndeapi frequency yekutarisa network inokurudzirwa?
Kuchengetedzeka kwetiweki yako kunoenderana nekutarisa. Mubvunzurudzo anoda kuziva kuti kakawanda sei iwe unopa zano kutarisa network uye kuti ndezvipi zvinhu zvaungafunga nezvazvo paunenge uchiita sarudzo iyi.
Ita shuwa yekusimbisa mumhinduro yako kuti unokwanisa sei kuita sarudzo dzinowedzera kuchengetedzwa kwetiweki kune kambani.
Muenzaniso: "Kunyangwe ini ndichifunga kuti zvakakosha kugara uchitarisa network, iniwo ndinoona kuti kuzviita kunouya nemutengo. Muchinzvimbo changu chekare, isu kamwe pavhiki takatarisa kunetiweki yedu.
Asi ndaizovatarisa nguva nenguva kana ndikaona chero dambudziko kana utera mukati mevhiki. Semuenzaniso, kana ndikawona chimwe chinhu chisinganzwisisike chichiitika pane imwe yemaseva edu, ndaitsvaga yasara network kuti ndiite semafambiro.
38. Chii chaizvo chinonzi botnet?
Botnet, inozivikanwawo serobhoti-inodzorwa komputa network, muunganidzwa wemakomputa akarairwa nebhoti. Botnet inogona kazhinji kuvakwa uye kupinzwa uchishandisa akawanda-layered makomputa masisitimu.
Zvishoma zvezviitwa otomatiki izvo mabhoti anokwanisa kuita anosanganisira hombe data kuba, kutadza kweseva, uye kupararira kwehutachiona.
39. Rondedzera traceroute.
Mamaneja anogona kuronda nzira inofambiswa nemapakiti edata kubva kwaanobva kuenda kwaanosvika uye kuona nyaya dzekubatanidza nekushandisa network yekuongorora maturusi senge traceroute.
Pakombiyuta yeWindows, murairo uri tracert; paLinux kana Mac, iri traceroute. Ose ari maviri traceroute uye tracert anopa basa rakafanana: anoratidza nzira iyo data inotora kubva pane imwe nzvimbo mune network kune imwe IP server. Chishandiso chega chega chinofanirwa kupfuura nepaketi yedata kuitira kuti isvike kwainoperera chakanyorwa neTraceroute pamwe nezita rayo nekero yeIP.
Zvichitevera izvozvo, inopa zita remudziyo uye nguva yekudzoka-kudzoka (RTT). Traceroute inogona kushandiswa kudoma nzvimbo yenyaya, asi haikwanise kukuudza kuti iripo here kana kuti kwete.
Ping inogona kushandiswa kubatsira mukuona kana nyaya iripo. Fungidzira uchiedza kutarisa webhusaiti asi uchiona kuti zvinotora nguva kuti mapeji atakure. Nzvimbo yenyaya inogona kuwanikwa nekushandisa traceroute kutsvaga nzvimbo dzine kunonoka kwenguva refu.
40. Ndezvipi zvitatu zvakakosha zvaunofanira kuita kudzivirira Linux server kana ukashanda neimwe?
Iwe unofanirwa kuita zviri pazasi zviito kuitira kuchengetedza yako Linux server:
- Ongorora: Shandisa Lynis kuongorora network. Muchikamu chinotevera, indekisi yekuomesa inogadzirwa mushure mekunge chikamu chega chega chaongororwa.
- Kuomesa: Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekuchengetedza huchashandiswa, kuomesa kunotevera kuongororwa.
- Kuteerera: Nekuda kwekutarisa kwezuva nezuva, maitiro aya ari kuenderera mberi.
mhedziso
Data uye ruzivo mukati metiweki zvinodzivirirwa netiweki chengetedzo. Zvinosanganisira kudzivirira kupinda kusingadiwe, kuchinjwa, kana kuba kwedata rinochengetwa pakombuta kana network server.
Chinhu chakakosha kuchengetedza data uye masisitimu ekambani yako kuchengetedza network. Kurwisa kweCyberatta kunogona kudziviswa, uye zvivakwa zvakakosha zvinogona kudzivirirwa kubva mukukuvadzwa.
Kuti ubudirire mubvunzurudzo yekuchengeteka, unofanira kutanga wabata zvakakosha zvekuchengeteka. Izvi zvinosanganisira kunzwisisa iwo akakosha mazano uye misimboti yekuchengetedza, senge nzira yekuchengetedza network yako nekuchengetedza data rako.
Iwe unofanirwawo kunzwisisa mhando dzenjodzi dzaunosangana nadzo, maitiro ekuona nekudzivirira, uye maitiro ekuzvidzivirira kubva kwadziri. Uyezve, iwe unofanirwa kuziva nezvemhando dzekusagadzikana dziripo mune yako system uye mashandisirwo aanogona kushandiswa.
Kuti uwane rubatsiro nekugadzirira kubvunzurudza, ona Hashdork's Hurukuro Series.
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