Zviri Mukati[Viga][Ratidza]
- 1. JavaScript inorevei kwauri?
- 2. Doma maparadigms maviri akakosha ekuvandudza JavaScript.
- 3. Chii chinosiyanisa JavaScript kubva kuJava?
- 4. Ndeapi maitiro e data anotsigira JavaScript?
- 5. JavaScript ine unhu hupi?
- 6. Ndezvipi zvinokanganisa kushandisa JavaScript?
- 7. JavaScript inokubvumira sei kugadzira chinhu?
- 8. MuJavaScript, iwe unovaka sei array?
- 9. Nzira yekutsanangura sei zita rekushanda muJavaScript uye chii?
- 10. MuJavaScript, tsanangura kusimudza.
- 11. Ndezvipi zvakasiyana-siyana zveJavaScript scopes zvinosanganisira?
- 12. Ndeipi inokurumidza, ASP script kana JavaScript?
- 13. Rondedzera kuti nhaka yeprototypal inosiyana sei nenhaka yekare.
- 14. Nyora purogiramu ichawedzera dynamically zvikamu zvitsva.
- 15. Callback: Chii?
- 16. Purogiramu yeJavaScript ingagadziriswa sei?
- 17. Kuvhara: Chii? Ipa mufananidzo.
- 18. Ndedzipi nzira dziripo dzekubatanidza JavaScript kodhi muHTML faira?
- 19. Ko zvinobatidza nguva muJavaScript zvinoshanda sei?
- 20. Ndeapi maonero ako pamusoro pekiki?
- 21. Munhu angagadzira sei makeke?
- 22. Ndeapi maJavaScript akasiyana ekutumidza mazita?
- 23. Chii chinoita kuti rega uye vasiyane kubva kune mumwe?
- 24. Nei mabasa ekuzvikoka ariko?
- 25. Chii chinosiyanisa pfuma kubva kune hunhu?
- 26. MuJavaScript, basa remuseve rinoitei?
- 27. Mutauro unotaipa chii?
- 28. MuJavaScript, tapota tsanangura NEGATIVE INFINITY.
- 29. Chii chinosiyanisa undefined kubva null?
- 30. Nyora imwe JavaScript kodhi kuratidza nzira yekuwana iyo yemukati HTML yechinhu.
- 31. Ndeapi mamwe maitiro eJavaScript?
- 32. MuJavaScript, chii chiri kuitika chinotubwida?
- 33. JavaScript memoization inorevei?
- 34. Kupinza nekutengesa kunze zvinorevei?
- 35. Chii chinonzi JavaScript's "Strict" mode, uye chinoitwa sei?
- 36. Chii chinogonesa mushandisi exampleof?
- 37. MuJavaScript, bhokisi rekukurumidza rinorevei?
- 38. MuJavaScript, jenareta rinoitei?
- 39. BOM: Chii?
- 40. Deferred scripts: Ndeipi basa ravanoshanda muJavaScript?
- mhedziso
Mutauro wemahara uye wakavhurika-source programming iJavaScript. Inoitirwa kushandiswa kugadzira web-based application. Ikareruka uye inodudzirwa, izvo zvinoita kuti ikurumidze kupfuura mimwe mitauro.
Zviri nyore kushandisa JavaScript mukati webhu kunyorera nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwayo kweHTML. Kuti uone kukosha kwazvo, dzima JavaScript mubrowser yako uye edza kurodha peji.
Aya mawebhusaiti haazoshande nemazvo. Zviri mukati mavo zvinowanzoita zvisina kunaka. Anenge ese mabhurawuza emazuva ano anosanganisa HTML, CSS, uye JavaScript.
JavaScript ndeimwe yakadudzirwa kuronga mitauro. Muturikiri akatoiswa mumabhurawuza akawanda, anosanganisira Google Chrome, Microsoft Internet Explorer, nemamwe.
Saka, kodhi yayo inogona kugadziriswa nebrowser's JavaScript Engine. Heino wekutanga kune nyanzvi-chikamu JS kubvunzurudza mibvunzo nemhinduro dzereferensi yako kana wakagadzirira kubvunzurudzwa.
Chinangwa chezvimwechete kukuzivisa iwe kumhando dzemibvunzo iwe yaunogona kusangana nayo panguva yekubvunzurudza kwehunyanzvi. Ngatitange.
1. JavaScript inorevei kwauri?
Mutauro unonyanya kushandiswa pawebhu, unoshandiswa kune ese ari maviri mutengi-parutivi uye server-parutivi programming, iJavaScript. JavaScript code inogona kuiswa mumapeji eHTML ayo mabhurawuza anogona kunzwisisa nekuita, achitsigira kugona kwe. chirongwa chakanangana nechinhu.
2. Doma maparadigms maviri akakosha ekuvandudza JavaScript.
Kuronga neJavaScript, mutauro weparadigm yakawanda, inobvumira:
- maitiro / zvakakosha hurongwa
- Kuronga-kwakanangana nechinhu (OOP)
- Kushandisa functional programming
- A prototype-based programming approach kana prototype-based nhaka (kuwedzera kweOOP)
3. Chii chinosiyanisa JavaScript kubva kuJava?
Nepo JavaScript ichinyanya mutauro wekunyora, Java mutauro wechirongwa. Java mutauro wekuronga unoshandiswa nevagadziri kugadzira zvirongwa zvinogona kushanda pacomputer's operating system, virtual muchina, kana web browser. Mukupesana, JS kodhi yakagadzirirwa kungomhanya mukati mebrowser.
Asi uchishandisa Electron neNode.js, yakazvimirira desktop apps inogona kugadzirwa muJavaScript. Java neJS kodhi inosiyana zvakanyanya pakuti iyo yekupedzisira inowanikwa mune zvinyorwa, nepo yekutanga inoda kuunganidzwa.
4. Ndeapi maitiro e data anotsigira JavaScript?
Mhando dzedata dzinotsigirwa neJavaScript dzinosanganisira:
- tambo
- chiratidzo
- nhamba
- chinhu
- Undefined
- null
- boolean
5. JavaScript ine unhu hupi?
Mutauro wemanyorero wakasununguka uye wepasi rose.
Iro rinodudzirwa programming mutauro wakareruka.
Inoitirwa kushandiswa kugadzira network-centric application.
Ose ari maviri akabatana uye anopindirana neJava.
6. Ndezvipi zvinokanganisa kushandisa JavaScript?
Coders vane ruzivo vachakwanisa kukurukura kukanganisa kwemutauro wavanoda mukuwedzera pakurumbidza kunaka kwawo. Chengetedzo ndicho chikanganiso chakaipisisa cheJavaScript. Tsvaka ruzivo rwekuti chingashandiswa sei zvisina kunaka.
Imwezve dhizaini yeJavaScript kushandiswa kwayo kwakapararira uye kuchinjika, inogona kuve bakatwa rinocheka kaviri nekuti inosiya yakawanda yemahara yezvirongwa zvisinganzwisisike izvo zvinogona kukonzera kusaenzana kwekuita pane akasiyana masisitimu.
7. JavaScript inokubvumira sei kugadzira chinhu?
Pfungwa yezvinhu inotsigirwa zvakanaka neJavaScript. Uchishandisa chinhu chaicho, unogona kuvaka chinhu sechinoonekwa pazasi:
8. MuJavaScript, iwe unovaka sei array?
The array literal inogona kushandiswa kutsanangura arrays sezvinotevera:
9. Nzira yekutsanangura sei zita rekushanda muJavaScript uye chii?
Kana basa rine zita richitsanangurwa, rinobva ratsanangura zita. Inogona kutsanangurwa sezvinotevera uchishandisa basa rekiyi:
10. MuJavaScript, tsanangura kusimudza.
Zvese zvinoshanduka uye zviziviso zvebasa zvinochinjirwa kumusoro nekukasira muJavaScript, inozivikanwa sekusimudza. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mabhii ese uye mabasa, zvisinei nekuti anotsanangurwa kupi, anotamiswa kuenda kumusoro kwechikamu. Kusvika kungave kwemuno kana kune dzimwe nyika.
11. Ndezvipi zvakasiyana-siyana zveJavaScript scopes zvinosanganisira?
Chikamu chechirongwa chako panotsanangurwa shanduko ndiyo chiyero cheiyo variable. Pane ma scopes maviri chete anogona kuve neJavaScript variable.
- Global variables: Kwese mune yako JavaScript kodhi inogona kuona shanduko yepasi rose sezvo iine chiyero chepasi rose.
- Zvinosiyana-siyana zvemunzvimbo: Mukati mebasa razvinoziviswa chete ndipo pachaonekwa shanduko yenzvimbo. Yemunharaunda kune iyo basa, basa nharo dzinogara dziripo.
12. Ndeipi inokurumidza, ASP script kana JavaScript?
Inokurumidza iJavaScript. JavaScript inogona kuitwa pasina rubatsiro rwewebhu server nekuti mutauro wemutengi. Nekudaro, sezvo ASP iri sevha-padivi mutauro, ichagara ichinonoka kupfuura JavaScript. Parizvino, JavaScript zvakare iri server-padivi mutauro (nodejs).
13. Rondedzera kuti nhaka yeprototypal inosiyana sei nenhaka yekare.
JavaScript ine kugona kunoshamisa kwekubvisa zvirambidzo zvenhaka yechinyakare uye kubvumira zvinhu kutora hunhu kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu. -
- Classical Nhaka:Nerubatsiro rweizwi "nyowani" kiyi, basa remuvaki rinogadzira muenzaniso. Hunhu hwekirasi yemubereki hunopfuudzwa kuchiitiko chitsva ichi.
- Prototypal Nhaka: Chinhu chiripo chinoshanda se prototype chinokopwa kugadzira chiitiko. Kusarudza nhaka kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinhu zvinogona kubatsira pachiitiko ichi, icho chinowanzo gadzirwa kuburikidza nefekitari basa kana "Object.create()".
14. Nyora purogiramu ichawedzera dynamically zvikamu zvitsva.
15. Callback: Chii?
Basa rakareruka reJavaScript rinotumirwa senharo kana sarudzo kune imwe nzira inozivikanwa se callback. Shoko rokuti “call back” rinoreva basa rinotarisirwa kuitwa kana rimwe basa rapera. Mabasa zvinhu zviri muJavaScript. JavaScript zvinhu mabasa. Mabasa anogona saka kudzorera mamwe mabasa uye kugamuchira mamwe mabasa semapupu.
16. Purogiramu yeJavaScript ingagadziriswa sei?
Nekurova kiyi yakakodzera, kazhinji, kiyi yeF12, ese emazuva ano mabhurawuza ewebhu, anosanganisira Chrome, Firefox, uye mamwe, anouya neakamisikidzwa debugger inogona kushandiswa chero nguva.
Vashandisi vanogona kuita mukana weakasiyana maficha anopihwa neiyo debugging maturusi. Kodhi yemupepeti yatinoshandisa kugadzira JavaScript application inotitenderawo kugadzirisa JavaScript kodhi.
17. Kuvhara: Chii? Ipa mufananidzo.
Kana shanduko yakatsanangurwa kunze kwechiyero chazvino ichiwanikwa kubva kune chiyero chiri mukati mayo, kuvhara kunogadzirwa. Inokubvumira kuti uwane chiyero chebasa rekunze kubva kune basa remukati.
Nguva yese basa rinogadzirwa muJavaScript, kuvharwa kunogadzirwa zvakare. Ingo nyora basa mukati merimwe basa, rifumure, wobva warishandisa kuita kuvhara.
18. Ndedzipi nzira dziripo dzekubatanidza JavaScript kodhi muHTML faira?
JavaScript kodhi inogona kuiswa zvakanyanya mune imwe yenzira mbiri:
- Kana mitsara mishoma yekunyora ichidikanwa mukati mewebhu peji, tinogona kunyora JavaScript kodhi mukati meiyo script element mune imwecheteyo HTML faira.
- Kuwedzera manyorerwo ese pane peji rewebhu pasina kuvhara kodhi, tinogona kupinza JavaScript source file mugwaro reHTML.
19. Ko zvinobatidza nguva muJavaScript zvinoshanda sei?
Nguva dzinoshandiswa kumhanya kana kudzokorora chidimbu chekodhi panguva yakatarwa. Iyo setTimeout, setInterval, uye clearInterval nzira dzinoshandiswa kuita izvi.
Uchishandisa setTimeout(basa, kunonoka) basa, timer inoshandisa rimwe basa mushure mekunge kunonoka kwatarwa kwamiswa. Iro basa setInterval(basa, kunonoka) rinodzokorodza iro rakatarwa basa mukunonoka kutaurwa uye rinomira chete kana radzimwa.
Iyo timer inoudzwa kuti ipedze uchishandisa clearInterval(id) nzira. Nekuti nguva dzinoitwa patambo imwe chete, zviitiko zvinogona kumira mumutsara uye kumirira kuti zviitwe.
20. Ndeapi maonero ako pamusoro pekiki?
Cookie inowanzova chidimbu che data icho webhusaiti inotumira kune komputa yemushandisi uye inochengetwa ipapo newebhu browser yakashandiswa kushanyira peji.
Makuki anoshandiswa kutora zviitiko zvekuona webhusaiti uye kurangarira ruzivo rwekushandisa gare gare.
21. Munhu angagadzira sei makeke?
Iyi inotevera ndiyo yakapfava JavaScript nzira yekugadzira makuki:
22. Ndeapi maJavaScript akasiyana ekutumidza mazita?
Paunenge uchitumidza mazita muJavaScript, unofanira kutevedzera mitemo inotevera:
Chero JavaScript yakachengetwa mazwi haafanire kushandiswa semazita akasiyana. Semuenzaniso, mazita akasiyana-siyana anopera nekuzorora kana boolean haashande.
Zita reshanduko muJavaScript harifanire kutanga nenhamba (0-9). Vanofanira kutanga nebhii kana kuti underscore chiratidzo.
Semuyenzaniso, 123name harisi zita rinogamuchirika, kunyangwe _123zita kana zita123 riri. Nyaya dzenyaya mumazita eJavaScript akasiyana. Muedzo uye bvunzo, semuenzaniso, zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana.
23. Chii chinoita kuti rega uye vasiyane kubva kune mumwe?
MuJavaScript, zviziviso zvezvakasiyana uye nzira zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa let or var. Musiyano chaiwo uripo pakati pezviviri izvi ndewekuti reti kiyi kiyi inotariswa ne block, nepo var kiyi kiyi inotariswa nebasa.
24. Nei mabasa ekuzvikoka ariko?
Pakarepo Invoked Function Expressions kana Kuzviitisa Asingazivikanwe Mafunzi mamwe mazita avo. Aya anozivikanwa se "Self Invoking Functions" sezvo achishevedzwa nekodhi otomatiki.
Tinonyora basa uye tinoridana. Nekudaro, mabasa asingazivikanwe anogona kushandiswa kana isu tichida kuti basa riite otomatiki kana ratsanangurwa uye kana tisiri kuzorishandisa zvakare. Uyezve, mamwe mabasa haana zita.
25. Chii chinosiyanisa pfuma kubva kune hunhu?
Hunhu hweJS DOM zvinhu zvinoshanda zvakafanana kune semuenzaniso zvinosiyana zvezvimwe zvikamu. Property inogona kusanganisira akasiyana emhando dzedata.
Iwe unogona kuwana zvivakwa nekudyidzana nechinhu chiri muVanilla JS kana nekushandisa prop () basa rejQuery.
Hunhu hunowanikwa muHTML, kwete iyo DOM. Iwo anofananidzwa nezvivakwa asi ane mashoma kugona. Kana zvivakwa zviripo, kushanda navo kunorairwa pamusoro pekushanda nehunhu.
Chimiro imhando yedata data, kusiyana nepfuma.
26. MuJavaScript, basa remuseve rinoitei?
MuJavaScript, mabasa emuseve inzira inokurumidza uye yakajeka yekunyora mabasa. Basa remuseve rine chirevo chinotevera:
27. Mutauro unotaipa chii?
Mitemo kwete misiyano ine hukama kune imwe neimwe mumitauro yakataipa. Pane zvikamu zviviri:
Dynamically: Kusiyana neJS, apo shanduko inogona kugamuchira nhamba kana tambo, izvi zvinobvumira kusiyanisa kuve nemhando dzakawanda.
Statically: Mune izvi, shanduko inogona chete kuchengeta imwe mhando; semuenzaniso, muJava, mutsara wetambo unogona chete kuchengeta imwe seti yemavara.
28. MuJavaScript, tapota tsanangura NEGATIVE INFINITY.
Kana nhamba yakashata yapatsanurwa na 0, chivakwa chisingachinji NEGATIVE INFINITY chinobuda chinogadzirwa muJS. Aya ndiwo mamwe emhando dzayo dzakakosha:
Hapana zvimwe zvinhu zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti uwane NEGATIVE INFINITY.
Ukoshi hweNEGATIVE INFINITY hunoenderana neiyo infinity property yakashata pachinhu chepasi rose.
29. Chii chinosiyanisa undefined kubva null?
Undefined inoreva shanduko yakaziviswa isati yapihwa kukosha. Null ibasa rekugoverwa, kune rumwe rutivi. Inogona kushandiswa kuratidza kusakosha uye kugoverwa kune inoshanduka.
Undefined imhando mukati uye pachayo (isina kutsanangurwa), nepo null chiri chinhu. Undefined uye null zvakare marudzi maviri akasiyana.
30. Nyora imwe JavaScript kodhi kuratidza nzira yekuwana iyo yemukati HTML yechinhu.
31. Ndeapi mamwe maitiro eJavaScript?
Iyo application framework yakagadzirwa muJavaScript inozivikanwa seJavaScript framework. Pane zve kudzora kuyerera, inosiyana kubva muraibhurari yeJavaScript. Kune akati wandei JavaScript masisitimu aripo, zvisinei, mashoma eanonyanya kufarirwa anosanganisira:
- Angular
- Taura
- Vue
32. MuJavaScript, chii chiri kuitika chinotubwida?
Kana chiitiko chikaitika mune chimwe chinhu mukati mechimwe chinhu uye zvese zviri zviviri zvakanyoresa mubato wechiitiko ichocho, iyo HTML DOM API inoshandisa chiitiko kubhuroka senzira yekuparadzira chiitiko.
Kana paine kubhubhura, chiitiko chinotanga kuonekwa uye kugadziriswa nechomukati chinhu chisati chapfuudzwa kune zvakakomberedza zvikamu.
Kutanga nechiitiko ichocho, kuuraya kunoenda kune chinhu chemubereki. Kutevera izvo, chinhu chemubereki chinogamuchira kuurayiwa, uye zvichingodaro kusvika chinhu chemuviri.
33. JavaScript memoization inorevei?
Kuyeuka inzira yekusimudzira inomhanyisa kodhi yako nekuchengetedza mhedzisiro yemitengo yebasa rekufona uye nekuishandisa zvakare kana iyo yakafanana yagamuchirwa zvakare.
Basa rinonzi rinodhura kana richida nguva yakawanda uye ndangariro kuti riite nekuti rinoita masvomhu akaoma kunzwisisa. A cache inogarwa nekukasira nemhedzisiro yekufona basa rinodhura.
Iro basa rimwechete richapfuura iyo inodiwa computation uye kudzosera iyo cached kukosha kana ikadanwa zvakare neiyo yakafanana yekuisa paramita.
Nekuti basa racho haridi kudzokorodza chero kuverenga kana computations zvayakatoita, iyi nzira inochengetedza zvakanyanya nguva uye ndangariro chirongwa chako chinoshandisa.
34. Kupinza nekutengesa kunze zvinorevei?
Tinogona kugadzira modular JavaScript kodhi nerubatsiro rwekupinza uye kunze kwenyika. Tinogona kugovera kodhi yedu mumafaira akati wandei nekushandisa kunze kwenyika uye kunze kwenyika. Mienzaniso inosanganisira
35. Chii chinonzi JavaScript's "Strict" mode, uye chinoitwa sei?
Iwe unogona kuvandudza kukanganisa-kutarisa mukodhi yako uchishandisa yakasimba mode.
Paunenge uchishandisa maitiro akasimba, haugone kuwedzera zvivakwa kune zvisiri-kuwedzera zvinhu, kugovera kukosha kune kuverenga-chete zvivakwa, shandisa zvimiro zvakaziviswa zvakasiyana, kana kugovera kukosha kune kuverenga-chete kusiyanisa.
Nekutanga faira, chirongwa, kana basa ne "shandisa yakasimba," unogona kumisa iyo yakasimba modhi.
36. Chii chinogonesa mushandisi exampleof?
Chiitiko chemushandisi chinotarisa kana prototype cheni yechinhu chine chero zviitiko zvemugadziri weprototype pfuma. Mune mamwe mazwi, iyo exampleof operator inosarudza panguva yekumhanya kana chinhu chiri chiitiko chekirasi.
The exampleof opareta inoshandiswa mumuenzaniso pazasi kuona mhando yevashandisi vanosiyana.
37. MuJavaScript, bhokisi rekukurumidza rinorevei?
Bhokisi rekukurumidza ibhokisi rine bhokisi remavara rinobvumira mushandisi kupa mapindiro. Bhokisi rebhokisi rinokumbira kupinza rinoratidzwa kuburikidza nekukurumidza () basa. Shandisa bhokisi rekukurumidza kana iwe uchida kuti mushandisi aise kukosha asati aona peji.
Mushandisi anofanira kusarudza "Zvakanaka" kana "Kanzura" mubhokisi rinobuda rinoonekwa mushure mekuisa kukosha kuti uenderere mberi.
38. MuJavaScript, jenareta rinoitei?
Majenareta mabasa anogona kushandiswa panguva dzakasiyana. Mamiriro ezvinhu uye zvisungo zvakasiyana-siyana zvemabasa aya zvinochengetwa uye zvinochengetwa mukati mekupinda zvakare.
Kufona kwekutanga kwejenareta kunodzosa imwe mhando yeiterator inonzi jenareta. Nhanho inotevera ndeyekudaidza nzira inotevera yejenareta yekushandisa kukosha. Kusvikira yasvika kune goho kiyi kiyi, iyo jenareta basa rinoramba richimhanya.
39. BOM: Chii?
Iyo BOM, kana browser yechinhu modhi, inobvumira vashandisi kudyidzana nemabhurawuza, iyo iyo hwindo inoshanda sechinhu chekutanga. Kuwedzera kune mamwe maficha, chinhu chehwindo chine gwaro, nhoroondo, skrini, navigator, uye nzvimbo.
Basa rehwindo, zvisinei, rinogona kuwanikwa zvose zvakananga uye nekutsvaga hwindo.
40. Deferred scripts: Ndeipi basa ravanoshanda muJavaScript?
Iyo bhurawuza inotanga kupatsanura iyo HTML kodhi kana peji rinoremerwa. Nekumisikidza, bhurawuza inombomira kupatsanura HTML kodhi kana yasangana ne script uye inotanga kumhanyisa script panzvimbo.
Kutevera kupera kwescript, browser inotangazve kugadzirisa iyo HTML kodhi.
Kutakura kwepeji kunozomiswa nesevha ine usimbe kana script hombe. Zvinyorwa zvakamisikidzwa zvinomira kushanda script kusvika mushure mekunge gwaro ragadziriswa.
Kunonoka uku mukuitwa kwechinyorwa kunoderedza nguva inotora kuti peji rewebhu rizare.
mhedziso
Tinovimba iyi mibvunzo yebvunzurudzo yeJavaScript ichabatsira kwauri, ungave uri mugadziri wekugadzirira musangano kana maneja wehachi ari kuedza kutsvaga munyoreri akakodzera.
Rangarira kuti hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi uye ruzivo zvinoumba chikamu chidiki chekutora basa. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti unomhara (kana kutsvaga munyoreri akakodzera) basa, ruzivo rwekare, uye hunyanzvi hunyanzvi hwakakosha zvakaenzana.
Ziva kuti pane kazhinji mhinduro dzakati wandei dzemibvunzo yakavhurika yeJavaScript yekubvunzurudza. Vabvunzurudzo vanofarira kufunga kuseri kwemhinduro dzako, kwete mhinduro yawakabata nemusoro.
Iva wakagadzirira kubvunza kwekutevera nezvekuti wakasvika sei pamhinduro yako uye ugare uchikwanisa kutsanangura maitiro ako ekufunga.
Buda Hashdork's Hurukuro Series kuti ubatsirwe nekugadzirira kubvunzurudzwa.
Arun
Wow, Ichi chinyorwa chakandibatsira zvakanyanya panguva yekugadzirira yangu yeJavascript Hurukuro