M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
Pa intaneti, inu ndi ine taphunzira kukhala ndi umunthu. Tili ndi maakaunti, malowedwe, ndi mawu achinsinsi, ndipo taphunzira kukhala nawo ndikuwongolera. Pali njira zosinthira ndondomekoyi, makamaka m'mabungwe pogwiritsa ntchito ma protocol ndi njira ya SSO.
Tiyenera kuvomereza kugwiritsa ntchito deta yathu nthawi zonse tikamagwiritsa ntchito tsamba la webusayiti kapena pulogalamu. Koma palibe kusankha: ngati simudina batani, simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyi. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino.
Decentralization ikuchotsa malo osungirako ndi kusonkhanitsa deta. Decentralized identity(DIDs) amalola ogula kusankha kapena kusaulula deta yawo, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Mu positi iyi, tiyang'ana pa Zozindikiritsa Zokhazikitsidwa, momwe zimagwirira ntchito, ntchito zawo, ndi zina zambiri.
Ndiye, Kodi Decentralized Identifier ndi chiyani?
Ma ID okhazikitsidwa ndi anthu azaka zatsopano zozindikiritsa zapadera zapadziko lonse lapansi (UUIDs) zomwe sizifunikira olamulira apakati. Amatha kuzindikira anthu, mabungwe osamveka, makampani, mitundu ya data, ndi zinthu za intaneti ya Zinthu (IoT).
Cholinga cha DID ndikubwezera umwini wazozindikiritso kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndikuwalola kupanga ma ID apadera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zodalirika.
Anthu ndi mabizinesi atha kupindula ndi kugawana kwachinsinsi, kotetezeka, komanso kwachinsinsi pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa blockchain wogawidwa popangitsa kuti ma ID awa atsimikizidwe pogwiritsa ntchito maumboni a cryptographic monga ma signature a digito (DLT).
Tiyenera kupereka zidziwitso zofunika kwambiri kuti tipeze mapulogalamu, mawebusayiti, mautumiki, ndi zida zamagetsi masiku ano.
Ukadaulo wapano wa zozindikiritsa zapadera padziko lonse lapansi (UUID) ndi mayina azinthu zofananira (URN) umafunikira olamulira apakati ndipo sungathe kutsimikizira umwini wa zizindikiritso.
Zotsatira zake, nthawi zambiri timakhala pachiwopsezo chazinsinsi, kuba data, ndi zovuta zina.
Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la DID, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusunga mwachinsinsi komanso mwachinsinsi zizindikiritso zosiyanasiyana zovomerezeka, monga ziphaso zoperekedwa ndi boma, zidziwitso zamaphunziro ndi zamisonkho, ndi zidziwitso zina zodziwikiratu (PII).
A blockchain-based ledger yogawidwa imakhala ngati gwero la zozindikiritsa zonse zomwe zasungidwa mu chikwama, osati kudalira olamulira apakati kuti agwiritse ntchito chizindikiritso cha wogwiritsa ntchito. Chidziwitso chanu chimasungidwa mu chikwama choyendetsedwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito osati pa leja.
Imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kugawana magawo osiyanasiyana odziwika ndi mautumiki osiyanasiyana momwe angafunire. Mosiyana ndi zomangamanga zapakati, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira ku bungwe lililonse (tsamba lawebusayiti, pulogalamu, ndi zina).
Mabungwewa amatha kutsimikizira maumboniwo pogwiritsa ntchito leja yochokera ku blockchain.
Decentralized Identifier Framework
Pakatikati Mtundu wa DID, yomwe idatulutsidwa koyamba ndi W3C, ikufotokoza kuti Decentralized Identifier ndi chingwe cholembera. Lagawidwa m'magawo atatu:
- Kusungirako pa unyolo wa chizindikiritso cha chiwembu cha DID URI.
- Chidziwitso cha njira ya DID.
- Chizindikiritso chokhazikika cha DID.
Ma DID ndi gawo la database yamtengo wapatali padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo DID Documents imasungidwa pa Ethereum ndi ma blockchains ena oyenera (mwachitsanzo, makiyi apagulu, ma endpoints a ntchito, ndi ma protocol otsimikizira).
Kupereka zitsanzo zolondola za data ku bootstrap cryptographically verified interactions ndi bungwe lodziwika mu chilengedwe chogawidwa, ma DID amagwira ntchito ngati makiyi ndi DID Documents monga mtengo.
Chofunikira kwambiri, Document ya DID ili ndi kiyi yotsimikizira anthu. Pogwiritsa ntchito kiyi yachinsinsi yolumikizidwa ku DID Document, mwini wake akhoza kutsimikizira umwini.
Nchiyani chimapangitsa kuti zozindikiritsa zogawika m'madera zitheke?
Zida Zofunikira Pagulu
PKI ndi njira yotetezera chidziwitso yomwe imapanga kiyi yapagulu ndi kiyi yachinsinsi ya bungwe. Mu ma network a blockchain, chinsinsi chachinsinsi cha anthu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira kuti ndi ndani ndi kutsimikizira umwini wa katundu wa digito.
Makiyi apagulu ndi achinsinsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ena kudziwika kwawo, monga akaunti ya Ethereum. Kiyi yapagulu imazindikiritsa woyang'anira akauntiyo, pomwe makiyi achinsinsi amatha kusaina ndikusankha kulumikizana kwa akauntiyi.
PKI imapereka umboni wofunikira kutsimikizira mabungwe ndikuletsa kusanzira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zabodza pogwiritsa ntchito siginecha zachinsinsi kuti zitsimikizire zonena zonse.
Decentralized data store
Blockchain ndi kaundula wa data wotsimikizika: sitolo yotseguka, yosadalirika, komanso yodziwika bwino. Kupezeka kwa blockchains pagulu kumachepetsa kufunika kosunga ma ID mu zolembera zapakati.
Aliyense amene akufuna kuwona kuvomerezeka kwa chizindikiritso chokhazikitsidwa akhoza kufunafuna kiyi yapagulu yomwe ili pa blockchain. Izi ndizosiyana ndi ma ID wamba, omwe amafunikira kutsimikizika kwa gulu lachitatu.
Kugwira ntchito kwa Decentralized Identifiers
Chizindikiritso chokhazikika ndi chingwe chomwe chimakhala ndi sikimu ya URI, njira ya DID, ndi chizindikiritso cha njira ya DID.
Chitsanzo cha DID chili motere: anachita: njira:1234567890abcdefjhi DID iliyonse imasinthidwa kukhala chikalata cha DID chomwe chili ndi zolemba zachinsinsi komanso metadata yowonjezera yoyang'anira DID.
Kuti timvetsetse momwe ma DID amagwirira ntchito, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa matanthauzidwe atatu ofunikira: mutu wa DID, njira ya DID, ndi chikalata cha DID. Tinakambirana nawo kale, ndipo tsopano ndi nthawi yoti tiphunzire zambiri za iwo.
Zomwe zili kumbuyo kwa digito ndi mutu wa DID. Izi zitha kukhala munthu weniweni, chinthu, chipangizo, malo, kapena bizinesi.
Chikalata cha DID ndi mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimaphatikizapo zambiri za mutu wa DID komanso njira zomwe zimalola kuti chozindikiritsacho chigwire ntchito, monga makiyi a anthu onse ndi ma biometric osadziwika.
M'malo mwake, izi ndi zomwe mutuwu udzagwiritse ntchito kudzitsimikizira okha ndikuwonetsa umwini wawo. Pomaliza, njira ya DID ndiyo njira yomwe imalola ma DID ndi zolemba za DID kugwira ntchito mokwanira.
Kumakuthandizani kupanga, kuwerenga, kusintha, ndi zimitsani chizindikiritso ndi zikalata pa blockchain kapena DLT ina iliyonse.
Umu ndi momwe ma ID okhazikitsidwa amawonekera mkati, komanso momwe opanga amapangira ndikuwongolera. Wogwiritsa ntchito womaliza sangadziwe ngakhale ndondomeko yonseyi.
Ngati pulogalamuyo imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kupanga DID, amalembetsa chikwama cha digito, kupanga chizindikiritso cha digito, ndikuchisunga mu chikwama. Apanga nambala ya QR nthawi iliyonse akafuna kugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiritsocho kuti atsimikizire ndikupeza mautumiki.
Ubwino wa Zozindikiritsa Zosasinthika
Kuwongolera bwino kwa data ndi zinsinsi
Tiyeni tikupatseni chitsanzo. Mwapanga pasipoti ya digito ndikuyisunga m'chikwama chanu cha digito. Usikuuno mwasankha kupita ku clubbing, koma kubweretsa pasipoti yeniyeni ndikowopsa: mutha kusangalala kwambiri ndikutaya.
Ndiye mwaima pakhomo la kalabu, ndipo munthu wachitetezo akufunsa zaka zanu ndikufunsa pasipoti yanu kuti itsimikizire.
Kumbali imodzi, simunanyamule pasipoti yanu yeniyeni, koma simukufunanso kuwaululira dzina lanu lonse, tsiku lenileni lobadwa, kapena nambala ya ID.
Ingopangani nambala ya QR kuchokera m'chikwama chanu ndikupereka kwa oyang'anira chitetezo kuti asike. Munthuyo komanso inu mukhazikitsa ulalo wotetezeka posinthana ma ID, ndipo zambiri zidzatsimikiziridwa popanda kuwulula zinsinsi zanu.
Mwanjira imeneyi, muli ndi ulamuliro wonse pa deta yanu ndipo muli ndi mwayi wogawana nawo kapena ayi.
Chitetezo
Ma DID amathandizira makampani opereka satifiketi kuti apereke zidziwitso zosamva zachinyengo. Mabungwe omwe amapeza ma ID amatha kuyang'ana nthawi yomweyo ngati zidziwitsozo ndi zovomerezeka ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zomwe zalembedwazo sizinapangidwe.
Chitetezo cholimbitsa
Ma Cryptography amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, kulembetsa, ndi kuteteza ma ID a digito. Cryptography imakulolani kuti mupange makiyi amitundu iwiri: apagulu ndi achinsinsi. Makiyi achinsinsi amadziwika ndi eni makiyi okha ndipo samagawidwa ndi anthu wamba.
Komano, makiyi apagulu amafalitsidwa kwambiri. Kuphatikizika kotereku kumatha kugwira ntchito zazikulu ziwiri: kutsimikizira ndi kubisa.
Kiyi yapagulu imatha kutsimikizira kuti uthengawo unaperekedwa ndi wowulandira, koma ndi munthu yekhayo amene ali ndi kiyi yachinsinsi ndi yomwe angaizindikire.
Palibe kusonkhanitsidwa kwa metadata
Chizindikiritso chokhazikika sichisonkhanitsa metadata ndipo sichitumiza kwa ena. Zotsatira zake, ogwiritsa ntchito masamba omwe amawalola kukhazikitsa ma DID adzayiwala momwe zimakhalira kutsata zotsatsa.
Decentralized Identifiers Gwiritsani ntchito nkhani
Universal logins
Kuzindikiritsa kokhazikitsidwa kutha kuloleza kutsimikizika kokhazikitsidwa m'malo mwa mawu achinsinsi. Izi zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kupeza mapulatifomu ndi mawebusayiti popanda kukumbukira mapasiwedi aatali, zomwe zimakulitsa luso lawo pa intaneti.
Kutsimikizika kwa KYC
Ntchito zambiri zapaintaneti zimafuna anthu oti apereke umboni ndi ziphaso, monga laisensi yoyendetsa galimoto kapena pasipoti ya dziko, kuti azigwiritsa ntchito.
Komabe, njirayi ndi yovuta chifukwa zidziwitso za ogwiritsa ntchito mwachinsinsi zitha kubedwa ndipo opereka chithandizo sangathe kuwona umboni wa umboniwo.
Makampani amatha kupewa njira zachikhalidwe za Know-Your-Customer (KYC) pogwiritsa ntchito Zizindikiro Zotsimikizika kuti atsimikizire zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito. Izi zimachepetsa ndalama zoyendetsera zidziwitso komanso kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito zikalata zabodza.
Mavoti ndi ma forum a pa intaneti
Ntchito ziwiri zosangalatsa zozindikiritsa anthu ndi kuvota pa intaneti komanso malo ochezera a pa Intaneti. Njira zovota pa intaneti ndizosavuta kugwiriridwa, makamaka ngati ochita zoyipa apanga zidziwitso zabodza kuti avote.
Kupempha umboni wapaintaneti kuchokera kwa anthu pawokha kungawongolere kukhulupirika kwa machitidwe ovota pa intaneti. Kuzindikiritsa anthu mdera kungathandize kupanga madera a pa intaneti opanda maakaunti achinyengo.
Tsogolo la Zozindikiritsa Zogawikana
Ngakhale kuti zizindikiritso zodziwika bwino zikadali akhanda, mabungwe ndi maboma akungoyesa ndikuyesa ukadaulo, ma DID ali ndi kuthekera kokhala ukadaulo wotchuka komanso wolimba, popeza pali chidwi chochuluka pakukula kwake kuchokera kumakampani ndi omvera.
Tilinso pafupi ndi zaka zatsopano zodziwika kuti Web3. Izi zitha kudabwitsa, koma pali malingaliro a Web5 omwe akuyandama momwe zizindikiritso zogawidwira zizikhala zofunika kwambiri komanso gawo lofunikira la tsogolo lathu la digito.
Tsogolo limenelo siliri patali, ndipo ngati mabizinesi ndi mabungwe akufuna kukhalabe opikisana ndikukula, ayenera kuphunzira blockchain, DLT, ndi zizindikiritso za decentralized tsopano kuti akonzekere zatsopano.
Kutsiliza
Zozindikiritsa zogawika m'malo zimakhala ndi kuthekera kosintha momwe timaonera zidziwitso zaumwini ndi deta ya ogwiritsa ntchito mzaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi limodzi.
M'malo modalira mabungwe a Big Tech kuti ateteze zidziwitso zofunikira, anthu amatha kuwongolera zomwe akudziwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma DID. Mabizinesi atha kupindulanso ndi zozindikiritsa zogawidwa m'magulu. Atha kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa kutsimikizira kwanthawi yayitali ndikupangitsa ogula kukhala omasuka komanso otetezeka pa intaneti.
Mabungwe amathanso kukulitsa chidaliro ndikuwongolera maubwenzi ndi makasitomala podzipereka kusunga zambiri za ogwiritsa ntchito.
Siyani Mumakonda