M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
M'moyo weniweni komanso wa digito, nthawi zambiri timafuna kutsimikizira zinthu kwa ena. Asanalowe m'maofesi, antchito nthawi zambiri amapereka mtundu wina wa ID asanalowe mkati.
Ogwiritsa ntchito akayesa kulowa mu pulogalamu monga Facebook kapena Twitter, mautumikiwa amayenera kufunsa wogwiritsa ntchito kuti alowe ndi mawu achinsinsi ndipo nthawi zina passcode (OTP) imatumizidwa ku foni yawo yam'manja.
Choyipa chopereka umboni ndikuti nthawi zambiri timapereka mitundu ina yazidziwitso kutali. Kupereka mawu achinsinsi ku webusayiti kumatanthawuzabe kuti tsambalo limasunga mawu achinsinsi a hashi mu maseva ake. Ngati wina angabere sikena ya ID ya ogwira ntchito muofesiyo, atha kupeza makiyi achinsinsi a aliyense.
Umboni wa Zero-chidziwitso kapena ma ZKP amapereka njira yotsimikizira kuti ndi ndani kapena kuchitapo kanthu popanda kupereka zambiri. Chifukwa cha ntchito zake mu cryptography, ZKPs zasinthidwa ndi zotchinga kupanga ma protocol otetezedwa komanso owopsa.
Kodi Ziro-Knowledge Umboni Ndi Chiyani?
Umboni wodziwa Zero udaperekedwa koyamba ndi ofufuza a MIT Silvio Micali, Charles Rackoff, ndi Shafi Goldwasser mu 1985 mu pepala lawo. "Kuvuta kwa chidziwitso cha Interactive Proof-Systems"
Pepala ili linayambitsa lingaliro lachidziwitso chovuta. Izi zikutanthawuza kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chokhudza umboni womwe umasamutsidwa kuchokera ku umboni kupita ku wotsimikizira. Umboni wa Zero-chidziwitso cholinga chake ndi kulola gulu kuti litsimikizire kuti mawu enaake ndi oona kwa gulu lina popanda kuwulula zina.
ZKPs zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yotetezeka kumayendedwe aposachedwa komanso zitha kuwonjezeredwa ku ma protocol a blockchain kuti musunge chinsinsi.
Kodi ZKPs Zimagwira Ntchito Motani?
Chitsanzo Chadziko Lonse
Kuti tiwonetse momwe maumboni opanda chidziwitso amagwirira ntchito, tiyeni tiwone chitsanzo cha ZKP.
Tiyerekeze kuti muli ndi mnzanu yemwe ali ndi mtundu wofiira-wobiriwira. Muli ndi mipira iwiri yofanana yomwe imasiyana mtundu: imodzi yofiira, ndi yobiriwira. Kwa bwenzi lanu, amawoneka ofanana, koma monga munthu wopanda khungu, mutha kuwasiyanitsa mosavuta.
Kodi ndizotheka kuti mutsimikizire kwa mnzanu kuti ndi amtundu wosiyana popanda kuwulula mpira womwe uli wofiira kapena wobiriwira?
Pali, kwenikweni, njira yotsimikizira izi popanda kuwulula mitundu ya mipira. Choyamba, muyenera kulola mnzanu kuti ayike mipira yonse kumbuyo kwake ndikumuuza kuti awonetse mpira uliwonse ndikuubisanso. Kenako, mumauza mnzanu kuti ali ndi mwayi wosonyeza mpira womwewo kapena kusinthana ndi winayo.
Nthawi zonse mpira watsopano ukawonetsedwa, mutha kumuuza ngati adasintha mpirawo kapena ayi. Ngati mumangoganizira kuyimba koyenera, kumakhala kochulukira kuti mipirayo imakhala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mnzanuyo ayenera kukhulupirira kuti mipirayo ndi yamitundu yosiyanasiyana osamuuza kuti ndi mipira iti yomwe ili ndi mtundu wake.
Mapulogalamu Othandiza
Zitsanzo zambiri zothandiza zaumboni wosadziwa ziro zimagwera m'mitundu iwiri.
Choyamba, ma ZKP angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga ma protocol. Titha kuwonetsetsa kuti maphwando osiyanasiyana sangathe kubera kapena kupezerapo mwayi pa protocol. Chachiwiri, ma ZKP angagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikiritsa.
Mwachitsanzo, titha kugwiritsa ntchito ZKPs kulowa mu pulogalamu yapaintaneti motetezeka popanda kuwulula mawu achinsinsi.
Tiyeni tiwone zitsanzo zingapo za momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito ziro-chidziwitso.
Kuvotera E
Chimodzi chomwe chimakambidwa kaŵirikaŵiri kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ma ZKP ndi ntchito yawo yomwe ingatheke pakuvota pa intaneti. Tinene kuti tili ndi referendum yomwe ikubwera pomwe ogwiritsa ntchito angavotere mfundo zomwe akufuna. Aliyense woyenerera amaloledwa kuvota 1 kapena 0 pa voti.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ma ZKP, ovota atha kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi ufulu woponya voti popanda kuwulula zomwe ali. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti voti iliyonse ikhala yosadziwika. ZKP yowonjezera idzagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutsimikizira kuti voti ya munthu wina ndi gawo la mavoti omaliza.
Ponena za zomwe zili m’mavotiwo, dongosolo loponya voti lingathenso kupereka umboni wosonyeza kuti voti iliyonse ili ndi 1 kapena 0. Izi zimatheka popanda kudziwa zomwe zili mu votiyo.
Zinsinsi za Blockchain
Ma blockchains monga Bitcoin ndi Ethereum samachirikiza zochitika zapadera. Malingana ngati chikwama chanu cha Bitcoin chili pagulu, aliyense atha kupita ku block explorer monga Blockstream kuti muwone zochitika zonse zomwe chikwamacho chili mbali yake.
Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito monga banki kapena ntchito zolipira monga Cash App kapena Venmo kumakupatsani mwayi wochita mwachinsinsi. Kusavuta uku, komabe, kumabwera pamtengo wowulula zambiri zanu ku ntchito yapakati.
Titha kuphatikiza kusadziwika ndi kugawa mphamvu powonjezera ma ZKP ku blockchain protocol. Ndalama za Crypto monga ZCash zimagwiritsa ntchito ZKPs kupanga malonda achinsinsi omwe amalola omwe ali ndi ndalama kuti asadziwike. Ambiri mwa ma cryptocurrencies amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa ZKP wotchedwa zk-SNARK.
Ma ZKP awa safuna kuyanjana pakati pa wotsimikizira ndi wotsimikizira.
Ziro-Knowledge Rollups
ZK-rollups ndi njira yothetsera vuto lomwe limalola kuti ntchito zapakhomo zitsimikizidwe nthawi yomweyo komanso ndi ndalama zochepa za gasi. Ndi njira yophatikizira kuchuluka kwa zochitika za Layer 2 ndikuzipereka ku protocol ya Layer 1.
Kupatula kupereka zachinsinsi, ma ZKPs amalola kukulitsa machitidwe ovuta. Ma protocol a blockchain angagwiritse ntchito ma ZKPs kuti atsimikizire kuti ogwiritsa ntchito akhazikitsa njira zoyenera, ali ndi malire oyenera, ndi zina zotero. Mayankho otetezeka awa koma owopsa ndi otheka kudzera mu maumboni a masamu omwe amachitika mu ZKPs.
Ma Protocols monga Loopring amagwiritsa ntchito ziro-chidziwitso kuthandiza kukonza zochitika zakunja popanda kusokoneza chitetezo.
Ubwino wa Ziro-Knowledge Umboni
- Ma ZKP amalowa m'malo mwa mitundu yosadalirika yotsimikizira ngati ma PIN kapena makhadi
- ZKPS imawonjezera scalability ya blockchains
- Kukhazikitsa ZKP kumafuna njira zosavuta zolembera
- Kugwiritsa ntchito ZKPS kungapangitse machitidwe kukhala otetezeka kwambiri posafuna kuti zambiri zosafunika zisungidwe mu dongosolo.
Kutsiliza
Zinsinsi za data ndivuto lalikulu kale pamakina apakati komanso apakati. Umboni wopanda chidziwitso umapereka njira kwa magulu osiyanasiyana kutsimikizira kapena kutsimikizira zochitika ndi zidziwitso popanda kuwulula zomwe zanenedwazo kapena zidziwitso.
Pomwe ukadaulo wa blockchain ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma ZKPs kuti athetse kutsimikizira motetezeka kudzakhala chinsinsi pazovuta za scalability.
Siyani Mumakonda