M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
Pamene zipangizo zamagetsi monga mafoni a m'manja, mawotchi anzeru, ndi zipangizo zamakono zovala zimakonzedwa ndi mitundu yatsopano, zinyalala zambiri zimatulutsidwa chaka chilichonse.
Ngati mitundu yakale ikadasinthidwa ndi masensa atsopano ndi mapurosesa omwe amalowa mkati mwa chipangizocho, ndikuchepetsa zinyalala malinga ndi ndalama ndi zida, zikadakhala zosintha. Ganizirani za tsogolo lokhazikika pomwe mafoni a m'manja, mawotchi anzeru, ndi ukadaulo wina wovala sizimasinthidwa nthawi zonse ndi mitundu yatsopano kapena kuyika pashelefu.
M'malo mwake, amatha kusinthidwa ndi masensa atsopano ndi mapurosesa omwe amangolowa mu chipangizo chamkati cha chipangizocho, monga njerwa za LEGO zomwe zawonjezeredwa kuzinthu zomwe zilipo kale. Tchipisi zokonzedwanso zoterezi zimatha kusunga zida zamakono pomwe zikuchepetsa zinyalala zathu za digito.
Ndi mapangidwe awo ngati LEGO a stackable, makonda nzeru zochita kupanga chip, MIT mainjiniya tsopano apanga sitepe kuti akwaniritse masomphenya amtunduwu.
Chotsatirachi chiwunika bwino chip ichi, masinthidwe ake, ndi zotsatira zake zamtsogolo.
Ndiye, kodi chipangizo cha LEGO-ngati Artificial Intelligence ndi chiyani?
Chitukuko chachikulu chotsatira chomwe chidzasintha dziko lapansi ndi luntha lochita kupanga. Kuti apange zamagetsi zokhazikika komanso zokhazikika, mainjiniya a MIT tsopano apanga chipangizo cha AI chomwe chimafanana ndi LEGO.
Kupanga njira yowonjezerera masensa owonjezera kapena kukweza mapurosesa akale kukhala osavuta, ndi chip chosinthika chokhala ndi zigawo zingapo zomwe zimatha kuyikidwa pamwamba pa mnzake kapena kusinthidwa.
Kutengera kuphatikiza kwa zigawo, tchipisi ta AI "zosinthika" zitha kukulitsidwa mpaka kalekale. Chifukwa chake, tchipisi tating'onoting'ono titha kuchepetsa zinyalala zamagetsi ndikusunga zida zathu zamakono.
Tsopano, tiyeni tifufuze kapangidwe ka chip ichi.
Chip kupanga
Mapangidwe a AI chip ndiapadera chifukwa amaphatikiza magawo osinthika ndi ma sensor okhala ndi ma LED (light-emitting diode), omwe amalola kuti zigawo za chip zizilumikizana mowonekera.
Zomangamangazi zikuphatikiza ma diode otulutsa kuwala (LED) omwe amathandizira kulumikizana kowoneka bwino pazigawo zonse za chip komanso magawo osinthika a sensa ndi zida zosinthira. Zizindikiro zimatumizidwa m'magawo onse pogwiritsa ntchito waya wabwinobwino pamapangidwe ena amtundu wa chip.
Kulumikizana kwakukulu kotereku kumapangitsa kuti ma stacking oterowo akhale osasinthika chifukwa ndi ovuta, kapena osatheka, kudula ndi kulumikizanso. M'malo mwa mawaya enieni, lingaliro la MIT limatumiza deta kudzera mu chip pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala.
Zotsatira zake, chip chikhoza kukonzedwanso, ndi zigawo zomwe zingathe kuwonjezeredwa kapena kuchotsedwa, mwachitsanzo, kuphatikizapo masensa atsopano kapena ma CPU amakono. Lingaliro latsopano la injiniya limaphatikiza masensa azithunzi okhala ndi masinthidwe opangira ma synapse, ndipo aliyense wa iwo amaphunzitsidwa kuzindikira chilembo china, pankhaniyi, M, I, ndi T.
Gululo limapanga dongosolo la kuwala m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito njira yachikhalidwe yotumizira deta ya sensor ku ndondomekoyi kudzera mu zingwe zakuthupi. Mwanjira iyi, sensa iliyonse ndi ma synapses opangira amaphatikizana kuti apange gulu lomwe limathandizira kulumikizana pakati pa zilembo popanda kufunikira kwa kulumikizana kwakuthupi.
Zizindikiro zapakati pa zigawo zimatumizidwa kudzera pa waya wokhazikika pamakonzedwe anthawi zonse a chip. Tchipisi wamba izi sizingasinthidwenso chifukwa mawayilesi ovutirapo otere sangathe kuchotsedwa ndikuyambiranso.
Ochita kafukufuku akuyembekezera mwachidwi kukhazikitsidwa kwa kapangidwe kake kowononga kuti apititse patsogolo zida zamakompyuta, monga masensa odzidalira okha ndi zida zina zamagetsi, zomwe sizigwira ntchito ndi zida zapakati kapena zogawidwa monga makompyuta opangidwa ndi mitambo kapena ma supercomputer.
Zosintha za chip
Chip-chimodzi chinapangidwa ndi ofufuza, ndipo maziko ake owerengera anali pafupifupi kukula kwa chidutswa cha confetti pa 4 millimeters lalikulu.
Chipchi chili ndi zithunzi zitatu zozindikiritsa "midadada" yomwe imayikidwa pamwamba pa wina ndi mzake, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi sensa ya zithunzi, mawonekedwe olumikizirana owoneka bwino, ndi gulu lopangira ma synapses lozindikiritsa chimodzi mwa zilembo zitatu M, I, kapena T. Kenako adajambula chithunzi cha ma pixel opangidwa mwachisawawa pachipangizocho ndikuyesa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe iliyonse neural network magulu opangidwa poyankha.
Pamene chiwonjezeko chikuwonjezeka, mwayi woti chithunzicho ndi chilembo chomwe gulu linalake laphunzitsidwa kuti lizindikire likuwonjezeka.
Ofufuzawo adapeza kuti ngakhale chipcho chimatha kuzindikira pakati pa zithunzi zowoneka bwino, monga pakati pa zilembo I ndi T, sichinapambane pakuyika zithunzi zomveka bwino za chilembo chilichonse. Pamene makina opangira chip adasinthidwa mwachangu ndi purosesa yapamwamba ya "denoising", ofufuza adapeza kuti chipangizocho chidazindikira zithunzizo.
Komabe, adasintha mwachangu makina opangira chip ndi purosesa yaluso, kenako adapanga kopanira komwe kumadziwika bwino ndi zithunzi.
Monga akukhulupirira kuti pali ntchito zambiri pazidazi, ofufuzawo akukonzekeranso kuwonjezera mphamvu ya tchipisi ndi mphamvu ya sensor.
Mapulogalamuwa alibe malire, ofufuzawo akukhulupirira, ndipo akufuna kukulitsa luso la chip chozindikira ndi kukonza.
Tsogolo lake
Ponena za ntchito yamtsogolo, ochita kafukufuku amasangalala kwambiri ndi kuthekera kokhazikitsidwa kwa zomangamanga izi makompyuta zipangizo monga makompyuta apamwamba kapena cloud-based computing, zomwe zingatsegule dziko latsopano lazotheka.
Pamene intaneti ya zinthu ikukula, kufunikira kwa zida zamakompyuta zamitundu yambiri kudzakwera. Gululi limakhulupirira kuti chifukwa limapereka zambiri makompyuta kusinthasintha, kapangidwe kake koyenera kungathandize ndi izi.
In kuti azindikire zithunzi zovuta kwambiri kapena kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu lamagetsi lovala komanso kuyang'anira zaumoyo, ochita kafukufukuwo akukonzekera kupititsa patsogolo luso la chip chozindikira ndi kukonza.
Ofufuzawo akuwona kuti ndizosangalatsa ngati ogwiritsa ntchito atha kuyika chip pamodzi okha pogwiritsa ntchito masensa osiyanasiyana ndi zigawo zopangira zomwe zitha kugulitsidwa padera.
Kutengera zosowa zawo za chithunzi kapena chizindikiritso cha kanema, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusankha kuchokera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana mawindo a neural.
Kutsiliza
Gululi limasankha komputa yam'mphepete ngati imodzi mwazinthu zingapo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Jeehwan Kim, pulofesa wothandizana nawo waukadaulo wamakina ku MIT, akuneneratu kuti kufunikira kwa zida zamakompyuta zam'mphepete mwazinthu zambiri kudzakwera kwambiri tikamalowa munthawi ya intaneti ya zinthu kutengera ma sensa network.
M'tsogolomu, "mapangidwe athu opangira ma hardware adzalola kusinthika kwakukulu kwa makompyuta am'mphepete."
Pomaliza, chip ichi chikusintha tsogolo ndikulandila mitundu yambiri ya AI application.
Siyani Mumakonda