Kukula kofulumira kwa zida za IoT, komanso kuchuluka kwawo kowerengera, kwadzetsa kuchuluka kwa data. Ndipo monga maukonde a 5G akukulitsa kuchuluka kwa zida zam'manja zolumikizidwa, kuchuluka kwa data kupitilira kukwera.
Lonjezo la mtambo ndi AI m'mbuyomu linali loti azingopanga zokha ndikufulumizitsa zatsopano popanga chidziwitso chotheka kuchokera pa data.
Komabe, ma netiweki ndi magwiridwe antchito adapitilizidwa ndi kuchuluka kodabwitsa komanso zovuta zake deta yoperekedwa ndi zida zolumikizidwa. Kuvuta kwa bandwidth ndi latency kumayamba data yonse ya chipangizo ikatumizidwa kumalo apakati kapena pamtambo.
Computing ya m'mphepete ndiyothandiza kwambiri popeza deta imasinthidwa ndikuwunikidwa pafupi ndi komwe idachokera. Latency imachepa kwambiri chifukwa deta simayendetsedwa pamanetiweki kupita kumtambo kapena malo opangira data kuti ikasinthidwe.
Chotsatirachi chifotokoza momwe makompyuta a Edge amagwirira ntchito, chifukwa chake ndi ofunikira, ndikupereka zochitika zosiyanasiyana za Edge computing ndi ubwino ndi kuipa.
Kodi Edge computing ndi chiyani?
Edge computing ndi nsanja yogawa yamakompyuta yomwe imayika mapulogalamu amakampani pafupi ndi magwero a data monga zida za IoT kapena ma seva am'mphepete mwako. Kuyandikira kwa data komweku komwe kumachokera kungapereke phindu lalikulu pamabizinesi monga kuzindikira mwachangu, nthawi yochitira zinthu mwachangu, komanso kupezeka kwa bandwidth.
Pachiyambi chake, makompyuta a m'mphepete mwake amabweretsa kukonza ndi kusunga deta pafupi ndi zipangizo zomwe zimasonkhanitsa deta, m'malo modalira malo apakati omwe angakhale kutali ndi mailosi zikwi zambiri.
Izi zimachitidwa pofuna kutsimikizira kuti deta, makamaka zenizeni zenizeni, sizikukhudzidwa ndi zovuta za latency zomwe zingasokoneze ntchito ya pulogalamu. Kuphatikiza apo, pochita kukonza kwanuko, mabizinesi amatha kusunga ndalama pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa data yomwe imayenera kutumizidwa kumalo apakati kapena pamtambo.
Ganizirani zida zomwe zimayang'anira zida zamafakitale pansi pafakitale kapena kamera ya kanema yolumikizidwa ndi intaneti mavidiyo amoyo kuchokera ku ofesi yakutali. Ngakhale kuti chipangizo chimodzi chopanga deta chimatha kusuntha deta mosavuta pamanetiweki, mavuto amadza pamene chiwerengero cha zipangizo zotumizira deta nthawi yomweyo chikukula.
Chulukitsani kamera ya kanema imodzi ndi mazana kapena masauzande a mayunitsi. Sikuti kuchedwako sikungawononge khalidwe, koma malipiro a bandwidth angakhale okwera kwambiri.
Ambiri mwa machitidwewa amapindula ndi ma hardware ndi mautumiki apakompyuta, omwe amapereka gwero lamakono la kukonza ndi kusunga. Mwachitsanzo, chipata cha m'mphepete chingathe kukonza deta kuchokera ku chipangizo cha m'mphepete mwake ndikutumiza deta yoyenera kubwerera kumtambo. Pakachitika ntchito yeniyeni, imathanso kudyetsa deta ku chipangizo cham'mphepete.
Kodi Edge computing imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Zomangamanga zam'mphepete mwake ndizovuta, koma lingaliro lalikulu ndikuti zida zamakasitomala zimalumikizana ndi gawo lapafupi la m'mphepete kuti lizikonza mwachangu komanso kuti zigwire bwino ntchito. Masensa a IoT, kompyuta ya antchito, foni yam'manja yaposachedwa kwambiri, makamera achitetezo, kapena ngakhale uvuni wa microwave wolumikizidwa ndi intaneti wapantchito ndi zitsanzo za zida zam'mphepete.
Roboti yoyenda yodziyimira payokha, monga mkono wa loboti m'fakitale yamagalimoto, imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida chakutsogolo pamafakitale. Ikhoza kukhala luso lapamwamba la opaleshoni lomwe limalola madokotala kuchita opaleshoni kuchokera kumadera akutali kuchipatala. M'kati mwa makina opangira makompyuta, zipata zam'mphepete zimatengedwa ngati zida zam'mphepete.
Ma module amatha kutchedwa ma seva am'mphepete kapena zipata zam'mphepete, kutengera mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngakhale opereka chithandizo aziyika zipata kapena ma seva angapo kuti athe kulumikizana ndi m'mphepete (Verizon, mwachitsanzo, pa netiweki yake ya 5G), mabungwe omwe akufuna kukhazikitsa netiweki yachinsinsi adzafunikanso kuganizira zida izi.
Mu kasinthidwe wamba, deta imapangidwa pa PC ya wosuta kapena pulogalamu ina iliyonse yamakasitomala. Kenako imasamutsidwa ku seva kudzera mumayendedwe monga intaneti, intranet, LAN, ndi zina zotero, kumene deta imasungidwa ndi kukonzedwa. Iyi ikadali njira yoyesera-ndi-yowona pamakompyuta a kasitomala-seva.
Lingaliro lakumbuyo kwa makompyuta am'mphepete ndi losavuta: m'malo mosuntha deta pafupi ndi malo opangira deta, malo osungiramo deta amasamutsidwa pafupi ndi deta. Zosungirako zosungirako ndi zogwirira ntchito za data center zili pafupi ndi gwero la deta momwe zingathere (makamaka m'dera lomwelo).
Chifukwa chiyani kompyuta ya Edge ndiyofunikira?
Zambiri zamakompyuta amasiku ano zimachitika m'mphepete, m'malo ngati zipatala, mafakitale, ndi malo ogulitsa, kukonza zinthu zodziwika bwino komanso kupatsa mphamvu zida zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimayenera kugwira ntchito mosasinthasintha komanso mosatekeseka.
Malowa amafunikira mayankho otsika kwambiri omwe safuna kulumikizana ndi netiweki. Kuthekera kwa Edge kusokoneza kampani m'magawo onse ndi ntchito, kuyambira pakuchita kasitomala ndi malonda mpaka kupanga ndi kubweza ofesi, ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosangalatsa. M'mikhalidwe iyi, m'mphepete imathandizira njira zamabizinesi okhazikika komanso zosinthika, nthawi zambiri munthawi yeniyeni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azitha kudziwa zambiri.
Mabizinesi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito Edge kuti abweretse dziko la digito mudziko lenileni. Kupititsa patsogolo zochitika zamalonda pobweretsa deta yapaintaneti ndi ma analytics m'malo okhazikika. Kupanga njira zomwe ogwira ntchito angaphunzitsidwe ndi zochitika zomwe maloboti angaphunzitse antchito.
Kupanga zoikamo zanzeru zomwe zimayika patsogolo chitetezo chathu ndi chitonthozo. Edge computing, yomwe imathandizira mabizinesi kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi magawo odalirika kwambiri, nthawi yeniyeni, komanso zosowa zama data nthawi yomweyo patsamba, ndizofanana ndi milandu yonseyi. Pomaliza, izi zimathandiza mabizinesi kupanga zatsopano mwachangu, kuyambitsa katundu ndi ntchito zatsopano mwachangu, ndikupanga njira zatsopano zopezera ndalama.
Makompyuta am'mphepete & AI/ML
Ndi kutsindika kwake pa kusonkhanitsa deta ndi kukonza nthawi yeniyeni, makompyuta a m'mphepete angathandize kuti ntchito zanzeru zogwiritsa ntchito deta zitheke. Ntchito za Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML), monga ma algorithms ozindikiritsa zithunzi, zitha kuchitidwa bwino kwambiri pafupi ndi komwe kumachokera deta, kuchotsa kufunikira konyamula ma data ambiri kupita ku data center centralized.
Mapulogalamuwa amaphatikiza ma data ambiri kuti apeze zambiri zamtengo wapatali zomwe zingathandize mabizinesi kupanga zisankho zabwinoko. Izi zitha kuthandiza pamachitidwe osiyanasiyana amakampani, kuphatikiza ntchito zamakasitomala, kukonza zopewera, kuteteza zachinyengo, kupanga zisankho zachipatala, ndi zina zambiri.
Mabungwe atha kugwiritsa ntchito kasamalidwe ka zisankho ndi njira zolozera za AI/ML kuti azisefa, kusanthula, kuyenerera, ndi kuphatikiza ma data kuti apeze zidziwitso zapamwamba powona malo aliwonse omwe akubwera ngati chochitika.
Mapulogalamu ogwiritsira ntchito deta amatha kugawidwa m'magawo, omwe amachitidwa pamalo osiyana mu chikhalidwe cha IT. Deta ikasonkhanitsidwa, kukonzedwa kale, ndikusamutsidwa, ukadaulo wam'mphepete umayamba kugwira ntchito.
Zomwezo zimasungidwa, kutembenuzidwa, ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa makina ophunzirira pambuyo podutsa magawo a uinjiniya ndi ma analytics, omwe nthawi zambiri amachitikira pamtambo wapagulu kapena wachinsinsi. Kenako imabwereranso m'mphepete mwa sitepe yowunikira nthawi yothamanga, yomwe imatumikira ndikuwunika makina kuphunzira zitsanzo.
Kuti mukwaniritse zolinga zambirizi ndikupereka kulumikizana pakati pa magawo osiyanawa, malo osinthika, osinthika, komanso otanuka komanso nsanja yokulitsa ntchito ndiyofunikira.
Kuthekera kopereka bwino zojambulira deta ndi zolozera zanzeru zantchito m'mphepete mwa chilengedwe, kukonzanso kwazinthu zambiri komanso kuphunzitsidwa kwazinthu zambiri pamtambo, komanso zochitika zamabizinesi ndi kasamalidwe kanzeru pafupi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito mabizinesi zimaperekedwa ndi mtambo wosakanizidwa. njira, yomwe imapereka chidziwitso chokhazikika pamtambo wapagulu komanso wamba.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamalingaliro amtambo wosakanizidwa, omwe cholinga chake ndi kupereka magwiridwe antchito komanso magwiridwe antchito.
Edge Computing Gwiritsani ntchito milandu
Makompyuta am'mphepete amagwiritsidwa ntchito muukadaulo wambiri womwe timagwiritsa ntchito masiku ano kuti tisangalale ndi bizinesi, kuchokera pamakina operekera zinthu ndiukadaulo wanzeru mpaka masewera, 5G, ndi kukonza zolosera. Masewero a nyimbo ndi makanema, mwachitsanzo, nthawi zambiri amasunga deta kuti achepetse kuchedwa komanso kupereka kusinthasintha kwapaintaneti potengera zosowa zamagalimoto.
Computing ya Edge imalola opanga kuyang'anitsitsa ntchito zawo. Makompyuta am'mphepete amalola mabizinesi kuyang'anira mosamala zida ndi mizere yopangira kuti azigwira bwino ntchito ndipo, nthawi zina, amaneneratu zolakwika zisanachitike, kuchepetsa ndalama zochepetsera nthawi.
Edge computing ikugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazaumoyo kuti asamalire bwino odwala, kupatsa madokotala chidziwitso chanthawi yeniyeni paumoyo wawo osapereka deta yawo kumalo osungirako anthu ena kuti akonze. Mabungwe amafuta ndi gasi amatha kuyang'anitsitsa chuma chawo ndikupewa zovuta zodula m'malo ena.
Ukadaulo wamakompyuta wam'mphepete umagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga nyumba zanzeru. Zida zochulukirachulukira, makamaka zothandizira mawu, zikufunika kulumikiza ndi kusanthula deta mu netiweki yocheperako. Amazon Alexa ndi Google Assistant zingatenge nthawi yayitali kuti apeze mayankho kwa ogula ngati alibe mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta.
Chitsanzo china cha makompyuta am'mphepete ndi magalimoto olumikizidwa. Makompyuta amaikidwa m'mabasi ndi njanji kuti azitsata kayendetsedwe ka anthu komanso kaperekedwe ka ntchito. Ndi ukadaulo womwe uli m'magalimoto awo, oyendetsa magalimoto amatha kudziwa njira zabwino kwambiri. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira yamakompyuta, galimoto iliyonse imayenda papulatifomu yofananira ndi zombo zonse, kuwongolera kudalirika kwa ntchito ndikutsimikizira chitetezo cha data pagulu lonselo.
Chitsanzo china cha makompyuta am'mphepete ndi magalimoto odziyimira pawokha, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa data zenizeni panthawi yomwe kulumikizana kungakhale kwapakatikati. Magalimoto odziyimira pawokha, monga magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, amasanthula deta ya sensa m'galimoto kuti achepetse latency chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa deta. Iwo amatha, komabe, kulumikiza ku malo apakati kuti mapulogalamu apititse patsogolo pamlengalenga.
Computing ya Edge imathandiziranso kupezeka kwa ntchito zodziwika bwino za intaneti. Ma Network Delivery Network (CDNs) amayika ma seva a data pafupi ndi malo omwe makasitomala amakhala, zomwe zimalola mawebusayiti otanganidwa kuti azitsegula mwachangu ndikupangitsa ntchito zotsatsira makanema mwachangu.
ubwino
- Kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta m'mphepete kumatha kubweretsa ntchito zotsika mtengo, zachangu, komanso zodalirika. Edge computing imapereka chidziwitso chachangu, chosasinthika kwa ogula. Edge imatanthawuza kuchedwa kwapang'onopang'ono, mapulogalamu omwe amapezeka kwambiri omwe amawunika nthawi yeniyeni makampani ndi opereka chithandizo.
- Makompyuta am'mphepete amatha kupulumutsa ndalama zama netiweki, kupewa malire a bandwidth, kufupikitsa nthawi zotumizira, kuthetsa kulephera kwa ntchito, ndikukupatsani mphamvu zambiri pakusamutsa deta. Nthawi zolemetsa zimachepetsedwa, ndipo ntchito zapaintaneti zimayandikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zosinthika komanso zokhazikika.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta m'mphepete kumapindulitsa mapulogalamu omwe amapindula ndi nthawi yofulumira, monga zenizeni zenizeni komanso zenizeni zenizeni.
- Kuthekera kochita kusanthula kwa data pamasamba ndi kuphatikizika, komwe kumalola kupanga zisankho zenizeni zenizeni, ndi mwayi wina wa komputa yam'mphepete. Posunga mphamvu zonse zogwirira ntchito zapafupi, makompyuta a m'mphepete amachepetsanso mwayi wodziwika bwino, kulola mabizinesi kuti azitsatira mfundo zachitetezo ndikutsata malamulo owongolera.
- Kudalirika komanso kusungidwa kwamitengo komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi ma edge computing amapindulitsa makasitomala. Masamba amderali atha kupitiliza kugwira ntchito mosadalira malo oyambira posunga mphamvu zogwirira ntchito m'deralo, ngakhale malo apakati atsika pazifukwa zilizonse. Posunga kuchuluka kwa ma compute kufupi ndi komwe kumachokera, mtengo wolipirira bandwidth kuti utumize deta pakati pa malo apakati ndi am'madera watsika kwambiri.
- Pulatifomu yam'mphepete imatha kuthandizira magwiridwe antchito ndikufanana kwa pulogalamu. Mosiyana ndi malo opangira ma data, akuyenera kupereka mgwirizano kuti athandizire mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma hardware ndi mapulogalamu. Mu chilengedwe chotseguka, njira yabwino yam'mphepete imalolanso kuti zinthu zochokera kwa ogulitsa ambiri zizigwira ntchito limodzi.
zovuta
- Edge computing imakulitsa malo owukira a network. Ma Cyberattacks amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zam'mphepete ngati polowera, kulola wowukirayo kubaya mapulogalamu oyipa ndikuwononga maukonde.
- Tsoka ilo, kupanga chitetezo chogwira ntchito m'magawo ogawidwa ndizovuta. Zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito deta zimachitika kunja kwa mzere wolunjika wa gulu lachitetezo ndi seva yapakati. Kampaniyo ikawonjezera chida chatsopano, malo owukirawo amakulanso.
- Mtengo wa komputa yam'mphepete ndi nkhani ina yayikulu. Kukhazikitsa zomanga ndi zokwera mtengo komanso zovuta pokhapokha ngati kampani ikugwira ntchito ndi mnzake wam'mbali. Ndalama zolipirira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwera mtengo chifukwa gulu liyenera kusunga zida zambiri kuti zizigwira ntchito bwino m'malo osiyanasiyana.
mavuto
- Zitha kukhala zovuta kukulitsa ma seva am'mphepete kupita kumasamba angapo ang'onoang'ono kusiyana ndi kuwonjezera kuchuluka komweko kumalo amodzi a data. Masamba owoneka bwino amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kuti mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono azigwira.
- Kuyika makompyuta m'mphepete nthawi zambiri kumakhala kumadera akutali osadziwa pang'ono kapena osadziwa zaukadaulo. Ngati china chake sichikuyenda bwino pamalopo, mufunika zida zomwe zitha kukhazikitsidwa mwachangu ndi anthu ogwira ntchito m'deralo omwe si aukadaulo ndikuyendetsedwa pakati ndi kagulu kakang'ono ka akatswiri.
- Kuti muchepetse kasamalidwe ndikuthandizira kuthana ndi mavuto mwachangu, njira zoyendetsera malo ziyenera kubwerezedwanso pamawebusayiti onse apakompyuta. Mapulogalamu akagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana pamalo aliwonse, zovuta zimayamba.
- Malo am'mphepete nthawi zambiri amakhala otetezeka kwambiri kuposa malo oyambira pachitetezo chakuthupi. Njira yam'mbali iyenera kuwerengera kuthekera kwa zochitika zoyipa kapena mwangozi.
Kutsiliza
Popeza kuti intaneti ya Zinthu ndi makompyuta am'mphepete akadali akhanda, kuthekera kwawo kwathunthu kudakali kutali. Nthawi yomweyo, akufulumizitsa kusintha kwa digito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, komanso akusintha moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu padziko lonse lapansi.
Pofika chaka cha 2025, akatswiri akuyembekeza kuti 75% yakusintha kwa data kudzachitika kunja kwa malo wamba kapena mtambo. Yambani poyambira ndi komputa yam'mphepete kuti mupeze zatsopano zabizinesi, sinthani magwiridwe antchito, ndikupereka zokumana nazo za ogula mosasinthasintha.
Siyani Mumakonda