M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
Gawo lirilonse likufuna kupititsa patsogolo ntchito zake, zokolola, ndi chitetezo pogwiritsa ntchito makina owonjezera. Mapulogalamu apakompyuta ayenera kuzindikira machitidwe ndikugwira ntchito modalirika komanso motetezeka kuti awathandize.
Komabe, dziko silinakhazikike, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe anthu akugwira kumaphatikizapo zochitika zambiri zomwe zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza mokwanira m'mapulogalamu ndi malamulo.
Kupita patsogolo kwa Edge AI kwapangitsa kuti makompyuta ndi zida zamagetsi zizigwira ntchito ndi "luntha" la kuzindikira kwa anthu, mosasamala kanthu komwe ali. Mapulogalamu anzeru a AI amaphunzira kuchita ntchito zofananira m'malo osiyanasiyana, monga momwe anthu amachitira m'moyo weniweni.
Tiyang'ana mozama Edge AI, maubwino ake, zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito, ndi zina zambiri mu positi iyi.
Kodi Edge AI ndi chiyani?
Kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kukhala ndi mwayi wosavuta kusungirako ndi kukonza deta. Izi zimatheka ndikuchita njira pazida zakomweko monga laputopu, zida za IoT, kapena ma seva apadera am'mphepete.
The latency ndi bandwidth nkhawa kuti nthawi zina stymie mtambo-based ntchito si nkhani ya m'mphepete ntchito.
Edge AI ikuphatikiza nzeru zochita kupanga ndi komputa yam'mphepete (AI). Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchita ma algorithms a AI pazida zam'deralo zokhala ndi mphamvu yosinthira m'mphepete.
Edge AI imachotsa kufunikira kwa kulumikizana kwadongosolo ndi kuphatikiza, kulola ogwiritsa ntchito kukonza deta munthawi yeniyeni pazida zawo. Ngakhale ntchito za AI zimafunikira mphamvu zambiri zowerengera, ambiri aiwo amachitika m'malo okhala ndi mitambo.
Choyipa ndichakuti kuyimitsidwa kwa ntchito kapena kuchedwetsa kwambiri kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kulumikizidwa kapena zovuta zamaukonde.
Mwa kuphatikiza njira za AI mu zida zamakompyuta zam'mphepete, m'mphepete mwa AI imagonjetsa zovuta izi. Posonkhanitsa deta ndikugwiritsa ntchito ogwiritsa ntchito popanda kulankhulana ndi malo ena akuthupi, ogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kusunga nthawi.
Kodi ukadaulo wa Edge AI umagwira ntchito bwanji?
Makina amafunika kuwona, kuzindikira zinthu, kuyendetsa galimoto, kumvetsetsa zolankhula, kulankhula, kusuntha, ndi kuchita ntchito zina zonga za anthu. Pofuna kubwereza kuzindikira kwaumunthu, AI imagwiritsa ntchito deta yomwe imadziwika kuti yakuya neural network.
Ma DNN awa amaphunzitsidwa kuyankha kumitundu ina yamafunso powonetsedwa zitsanzo zingapo za funsolo komanso mayankho olondola.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa deta yofunikira kuti aphunzitse chitsanzo cholondola komanso chofunikira kuti asayansi a data agwirizane pomanga chitsanzo, maphunzirowa, omwe amadziwika kuti "kuphunzira mozama," nthawi zambiri amachitidwa mu data center kapena mtambo. Chitsanzocho chimayamba kukhala "injini yowonetsera" yomwe imatha kuyankha zovuta zenizeni pambuyo pophunzitsidwa.
Injini yolozera yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa AI deployments imagwira ntchito pakompyuta kapena chipangizo chakutali, monga fakitale, chipatala, galimoto, satellite, kapena nyumba ya munthu.
AI ikakumana ndi vuto, zovutazo nthawi zambiri zimasamutsidwa kumtambo kuti aphunzitse zina zachitsanzo choyambirira cha AI, chomwe pamapeto pake chimalowa m'malo mwa injini yolozera m'mphepete. Mitundu ya m'mphepete mwa AI ikakhazikitsidwa, imangokhala yanzeru komanso yanzeru, chifukwa cha ndemanga iyi.
ubwino
Ma aligorivimu a AI ndiwopindulitsa makamaka m'malo omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi zovuta zenizeni chifukwa amatha kutanthauzira chilankhulo, zowoneka, zomveka, zonunkhiritsa, kutentha, nkhope, ndi mitundu ina ya chidziwitso chosalongosoka.
Chifukwa cha nkhawa ndi latency, bandwidth, ndi zinsinsi, mapulogalamu ena a AI sangakhale osatheka kapena osatheka kukhazikitsa mumtambo wapakati kapena malo opangira data.
Zotsatirazi ndi zina mwazabwino za m'mphepete AI:
- Zidziwitso zenizeni nthawi: Pamene luso la m'mphepete limasanthula deta m'deralo osati mumtambo wakutali womwe umachedwetsedwa ndi kulumikizidwa kwa mtunda wautali, imayankha zopempha za ogwiritsa ntchito mu nthawi yeniyeni.
- luntha: Mapulogalamu a AI ndi amphamvu kwambiri komanso osinthika kuposa mapulogalamu achikhalidwe, omwe amatha kungoyankha zomwe wopanga mapulogalamu adaneneratu. Ndi AI neural network, kumbali ina, amaphunzitsidwa kuti asayankhe funso linalake, koma kuti ayankhe funso linalake, ngakhale funsolo litakhala lakale. Mapulogalamu sangathe kukonza zolowetsa zosiyanasiyana monga mawu, mawu, kapena kanema popanda AI.
- Zinsinsi Zawonjezeka: AI ikhoza kuphunzira zenizeni zenizeni padziko lapansi popanda kuziwonetsa kwa munthu, kukulitsa zinsinsi za aliyense amene mawonekedwe ake, mawu, chithunzi chachipatala, kapena zidziwitso zina zake ziyenera kuwerengedwa. Edge AI imapangitsa chinsinsi kupitilirabe posunga deta kwanuko ndikusamutsa kusanthula ndi zidziwitso pamtambo.
- Mtengo Wachepetsedwa: Posunthira mphamvu zamakompyuta pafupi ndi m'mphepete, mapulogalamu amafunikira bandwidth yocheperako ya intaneti, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri zowonongera maukonde.
- Kusintha kosasintha: Monga zitsanzo za AI zimaphunzitsidwa pazidziwitso zambiri, zimakhala zolondola. Pulogalamu ya m'mphepete mwa AI ikakumana ndi data yomwe siyitha kuyigwira bwino kapena molimba mtima, nthawi zambiri imayikweza kuti AI athe kuyambiranso ndikuphunzirapo. Chotsatira chake, kutalika kwachitsanzo kumapangidwira pamphepete, kudzakhala kolondola kwambiri.
Edge AI amagwiritsa ntchito milandu
Makina akumafakitale ndi zida za ogula ndiye magawo awiri akulu pamsika wam'mphepete mwa AI. Mayeso a ziwonetsero akuwonetsa kusintha m'malo monga kuwongolera ndi kukhathamiritsa zida ndikudzipangira okha luso lantchito.
Zida zamakasitomala zokhala ndi makamera opangidwa ndi AI omwe amazindikira okha zithunzi zikupita patsogolo. Msika wa zida za ogula ukuyembekezeka kukula kwambiri kuyambira 2021 kupita m'tsogolo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zida zamakampani. Talembapo zochitika zina zodziwika bwino za AI pansipa:
- Ma Drone odziyimira pawokha - Ma Drone Akhala akulephera kuwongolera ndikuzimiririka pomwe akuchita mayeso owuluka akutali, malinga ndi nkhani. Woyendetsa ndege yodziyimira pawokha satenga nawo gawo pakuwuluka kwa drone. Amayang'anitsitsa zinthu zakutali ndipo amangogwiritsa ntchito drone pamene ndizofunikira kwambiri. Amazon Prime Air, bizinesi yotumizira ma drone yomwe ikupanga ma drones odziyendetsa okha kuti apereke zinthu, ndiye chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha izi.
- Magalimoto Odziyendetsa - The kugwiritsa ntchito kosangalatsa kwambiri pamakompyuta am'mphepete ndi magalimoto odziyendetsa okha. Magalimoto odziyendetsa okha amayenera kuwunika mwachangu momwe zinthu zilili nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimafunikira kukonza kwanthawi yeniyeni. Road Traffic Act yaku Japan ndi Road Transportation Vehicle Law idawunikiridwanso mu Disembala 2019, kupangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza magalimoto odziyendetsa okha pa Level 3 pamsewu. Zofunikira zachitetezo zomwe magalimoto odziyimira pawokha ayenera kukwaniritsa, komanso malo omwe angayendetse, ndi ena mwa iwo. Zotsatira zake, opanga magalimoto akupanga magalimoto odziyendetsa okha omwe amakwaniritsa izi. Toyota, mwachitsanzo, ikuyika TRI-P4 kupyolera mumayendedwe ake ndi makina athunthu (level 4).
- Mafonifoni - Izi ndiye chida cham'mphepete mwa AI chomwe tonse timachidziwa bwino. Siri ndi Google Assistant, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito m'mphepete mwa AI kuti alimbikitse mawu awo mawonekedwe osuta, ndi zitsanzo zabwino za m'mphepete mwa AI pa mafoni a m'manja. Pachipangizo AI imathetsa kufunika kotumiza deta ya chipangizo pamtambo chifukwa kukonza kumachitika pa chipangizo (m'mphepete). Izi zimathandiza kuteteza chinsinsi komanso kuchepetsa magalimoto.
- Zosangalatsa - Zowona zenizeni, zenizeni zenizeni, ndi mapulogalamu osakanikirana a zosangalatsa amaphatikiza makanema owonera magalasi enieni. Mwa kutulutsa processing kuchokera ku magalasi kupita ku ma seva am'mphepete pafupi ndi chipangizo chomaliza, kukula kwa magalasi otere kungachepe. Microsoft, mwachitsanzo, yangovumbulutsa HoloLens, kompyuta ya holographic yokhala ndi mutu womwe umalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuwona zenizeni zenizeni. Microsoft ikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito HoloLens kuti apereke makompyuta wamba, kusanthula deta, kujambula kwachipatala, ndi ntchito zamasewera apam'mphepete.
- Kuzindikira nkhope - nkhope machitidwe ozindikiritsa ndikupita patsogolo kwamakamera omwe amatha kuphunzira kuzindikira anthu potengera nkhope zawo. Module ya kamera ya AI yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakompyuta za AI kuti ziwone mawonekedwe a nkhope munthawi yeniyeni. Imatha kuzindikira nkhope mwachangu komanso moyenera, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino pazida zotsatsa zomwe zimayang'ana mikhalidwe ina monga zaka, komanso kuzindikira nkhope pazida zotsegula.
5G & Edge AI
Chofunikira chofunikira pa 5G m'malo okulirapo monga magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, zokumana nazo zenizeni zenizeni zenizeni, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zofunikira kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zatsopano pamakompyuta am'mphepete ndi Edge AI.
5G ndiye network ya m'badwo wotsatira zomwe zimafuna kupititsa patsogolo kwambiri khalidwe lautumiki, monga kupititsa patsogolo ndi kuchepetsa latency - kupereka 10x mofulumira mitengo ya deta kuposa maukonde omwe alipo a 5G.
Ganizirani za kutumiza mapaketi munthawi yeniyeni m'magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, zomwe zimafuna kuchedwa mpaka kumapeto kwa 10 ms kuti muzindikire kufunikira kotumiza mwachangu deta komanso kuwerengera pazida zakomweko.
Kuchedwerako pang'ono komaliza mpaka kumapeto kwa mwayi wofikira pamtambo ndikokulirapo kuposa 80 ms, zomwe ndizosavomerezeka pazogwiritsa ntchito zenizeni zenizeni. Kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta imakwaniritsa zofunikira za sub-millisecond za mapulogalamu a 5G pomwe imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 30-40%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mphamvu zochepera 5x poyerekeza ndi kupezeka kwa mtambo.
Edge computing ndi 5G imakulitsa liwiro la intaneti, kulola kukhazikitsidwa ndi kutumizidwa kwa mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana a nthawi yeniyeni a AI, monga ma analytics a kanema a nthawi yeniyeni a AI, omwe amadalira kusamutsa kwa data pang'ono.
tsogolo
Edge AI ikukhala yotchuka kwambiri, ndipo ndalama zazikulu zapangidwa m'munda. Mwachitsanzo, mu Januware 2020, zidalengezedwa kuti Apple idalipira $200 miliyoni kuti igule kampani ya AI yochokera ku Seattle Xnor.ai.
Kukonzekera kwa Edge kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndiukadaulo wa Xnor.ai wa AI pokonza deta pa smartphone ya wosuta. Ndi ma AI omangidwira pamafoni am'manja, tiyenera kuyembekezera kusintha kwa mawu, ukadaulo wozindikira nkhope, komanso zinsinsi.
Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa 5G, titha kuyembekezera mitengo yotsika komanso kufunikira kowonjezereka kwa ntchito zamtundu wa AI padziko lonse lapansi.
Kutsiliza
Pamene anthu amathera nthawi yochulukirapo pazida zawo zam'manja, mabizinesi ambiri ndi otukula akuwona kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa Edge kuti apereke mwachangu, ntchito yabwino ndikuwonjezera phindu.
Pankhani yamabizinesi amtundu wa AI-based services, komanso chitonthozo cha ogula ndi chisangalalo, izi zidzatsegula mwayi watsopano wamtsogolo.
Makampani akuluakulu monga Amazon ndi Google ayika ndalama mamiliyoni ambiri popanga makina awo a Edge AI, motero kutsogolera ndi kuyika ndalama mu matekinolojewa ndi njira yokhayo yopititsira patsogolo mpikisano.
Kuchulukitsa kwa zida za IoT, kumbali ina, kupangitsa maukonde a 5G ndi Edge Computing kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Siyani Mumakonda