M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yozama ngati ma GAN, ma VAE, ndi ma autoregressive amatha kuthana ndi zovuta za kaphatikizidwe kazithunzi.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa data yomwe amapanga, ma generative adversarial network (GANs) alandila chidwi kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Mitundu yamitundumitundu ndi gawo lina lochititsa chidwi la kafukufuku lomwe ladzikhazikitsa lokha. Magawo azithunzi, makanema, ndi kupanga mawu apeza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa onse awiri.
Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana motsutsana ndi ma GAN: Ndi Iti Imene Imabala Zotsatira Zabwino? Mwachibadwa, izi zadzetsa kukambitsirana kosalekeza.
Muzomangamanga zamakompyuta zomwe zimadziwika kuti GAN, ziwiri mawindo a neural amalimbana wina ndi mzake kuti apange zitsanzo zatsopano za deta zomwe zingathe kuperekedwa kwa deta yeniyeni.
Mitundu yophatikizika ikuchulukirachulukira kutchuka chifukwa imapereka kukhazikika kwamaphunziro ndi zotsatira zapamwamba popanga nyimbo ndi zithunzi.
Nkhaniyi idutsa mumitundu yofananira ndi ma GAN mwatsatanetsatane, komanso momwe amasiyanirana ndi zinthu zina zingapo.
Ndiye, ma Generative Adversarial Networks ndi chiyani?
Kuti apange zatsopano, zopeka za data zomwe zitha kuganiziridwa molakwika ngati zenizeni, ma generative adversarial networks (GANs) amagwiritsa ntchito ma neural network awiri ndikuwakanganitsa (motero "adversarial" m'dzina).
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zolankhula, makanema, ndi zithunzi.
Cholinga cha GAN ndikupanga data yomwe sinapezekepo kuchokera pagulu linalake. Kuyesera kufotokoza chitsanzo cha kugawa kwenikweni kwa deta, kosadziwika bwino kuchokera ku zitsanzo, kumachita izi.
Kapenanso, maukondewa ndi zitsanzo zomveka zomwe zimayesa kuphunzira kugawa kwachiwerengero.
Njira yomwe GAN adagwiritsa ntchito kuti apeze momwe angakwaniritsire cholinga ichi inali yatsopano. Ndipotu, amapanga deta posewera masewera a osewera awiri kuti apange chitsanzo chodziwika bwino.
Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera kapangidwe kake:
- Wosankhana yemwe amatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa data yeniyeni ndi yabodza
- jenereta yomwe imatenga njira zatsopano zopangira deta ikhoza kunyenga wosankha.
Wosankhana amakhala ngati neural network. Chifukwa chake, jenereta iyenera kupanga chithunzi chapamwamba kuti chinyenge.
Mfundo yakuti majeneretawa sanaphunzitsidwe kugwiritsa ntchito kugawa kulikonse ndikusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu ya autoencoder ndi mitundu ina.
Pali njira ziwiri zowola ntchito yotayika yachitsanzo:
- kuthekera kowerengera ngati wosankhana amawoneratu molondola deta yeniyeni
- deta yopangidwa imanenedweratu molondola ndi gawo.
Pa kusankhana bwino kothekera, ntchito yotayika iyi imachepetsedwa:
Choncho zitsanzo zamtundu uliwonse zikhoza kuganiziridwa ngati zitsanzo zochepetsera mtunda ndipo, ngati kusankhana kuli koyenera, kuchepetsa kusiyana pakati pa kugawa koona ndi kupangidwa.
M'malo mwake, kusiyanasiyana kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo kumabweretsa njira zosiyanasiyana zophunzitsira za GAN.
Maphunziro a maphunziro, omwe amaphatikizapo kugulitsana pakati pa jenereta ndi kusankhana, ndizovuta kutsatira, ngakhale kuti ndizosavuta kusintha ntchito yotayika ya GAN.
Palibenso zitsimikizo kuti maphunziro adzalumikizana. Zotsatira zake, kuphunzitsa mtundu wa GAN kumakhala kovuta, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuthana ndi mavuto monga kutha kwa ma gradients ndi kugwa kwa ma mode (popanda kusiyanasiyana pazitsanzo zopangidwa).
Tsopano, ndi nthawi ya Diffusion Models
Vuto la kulumikizana kwa maphunziro a GAN layankhidwa popanga mitundu yogawa.
Zitsanzozi zimaganiza kuti kufalikira kumafanana ndi kutayika kwa chidziwitso komwe kumadza chifukwa cha kusokoneza kwapang'onopang'ono kwa phokoso (phokoso la gaussian limawonjezeredwa nthawi iliyonse ya kufalikira).
Cholinga cha chitsanzo choterocho ndicho kudziwa momwe phokoso limakhudzira chidziwitso chomwe chili mu chitsanzo, kapena, kunena mwanjira ina, kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chomwe chatayika chifukwa cha kufalikira.
Ngati chitsanzo chikhoza kuzindikira izi, chiyenera kutulutsa chitsanzo choyambirira ndikusintha zomwe zatayika.
Izi zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito denoising diffusion model. Njira yolumikizirana kutsogolo ndi njira yosinthira yosinthira imapanga masitepe awiriwa.
Kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono phokoso la Gaussian (ie, njira yofalitsa) mpaka deta itayipitsidwa ndi phokoso.
Neural network pambuyo pake imaphunzitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya reverse diffusion kuti aphunzire kuthekera kogawa kokhazikika kuti asinthe phokosolo.
Apa mutha kumvetsetsa zambiri za kufalitsa chitsanzo.
Diffusion Model Vs GANs
Monga mtundu wofalikira, ma GAN amapanga zithunzi kuchokera kuphokoso.
Chitsanzocho chimapangidwa ndi jenereta ya neural network, yomwe imayamba ndi phokoso lazinthu zina zodziwitsa, monga chizindikiro cha kalasi kapena encoding.
Chotsatira chake chiyenera kukhala chinachake chofanana ndi chithunzi chenicheni.
Kuti tipange zithunzi zowoneka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino kwambiri, timagwiritsa ntchito ma GAN. Zowoneka bwino kwambiri kuposa ma GAN amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yofananira.
Mwanjira ina, zitsanzo zofalitsa zimakhala zolondola kwambiri pofotokozera zenizeni.
Ngakhale GAN imatenga phokoso lachisawawa kapena kusintha kosintha kwa kalasi ndikutulutsa zitsanzo zenizeni, mitundu yofananira nthawi zambiri imakhala yochedwa, yobwerezabwereza, ndipo imafunikira chitsogozo chochulukirapo.
Palibe malo ambiri olakwika pamene denoising ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ndi cholinga chobwerera ku chithunzi choyambirira kuchokera phokoso.
Choyang'ana chilichonse chimadutsa panthawi yonse yolenga, ndipo ndi sitepe iliyonse, chithunzichi chingapeze zambiri.
Kutsiliza
Pomaliza, Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wochepa wofunikira womwe udangosindikizidwa mu 2020s ndi 2021, mitundu yofananira tsopano imatha kupitilira ma GAN malinga ndi kaphatikizidwe kazithunzi.
Chaka chino, OpenAI idakhazikitsidwa DALL-E2, chitsanzo chopanga zithunzi chomwe chimalola akatswiri kugwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zofalitsa.
Ngakhale ma GAN ndi otsogola, zopinga zawo zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzikulitsa ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zatsopano.
Kuti mukwaniritse mtundu wa zitsanzo za GAN pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zotengera zomwe zingatheke, ntchito zambiri zayikidwamo.
Siyani Mumakonda