M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
Lingaliro lakuti maloboti ndi anzeru kuposa anthu atenga malingaliro athu onse kwa nthawi yonse yomwe pakhala pali Science Fiction.
Komabe, ngakhale Artificial Intelligence (AI) sichinafikebe pamlingo woterowo, tachita bwino kwambiri popanga nzeru zamakina, monga zatsimikiziridwa ndi Google, Tesla, ndi kuyesa kwa Uber ndi magalimoto odziyendetsa okha.
Kuchulukira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Deep Learning, njira yophunzirira makina yomwe imathandizira kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, ndi gawo lina lomwe limapangitsa kusintha kwa AI kuchoka ku mayunivesite ndi malo opangira kafukufuku kupita kuzinthu.
Kusintha kwapakompyuta kotsatira kudzamangidwa pa luntha lochita kupanga, kuphunzira mozama, ndi makina kuphunzira.
Ukadaulo umenewu umamangidwa pa luso lotha kuzindikira machitidwe ndi kulosera zam'tsogolo motengera zomwe zidasonkhanitsidwa m'mbuyomu. Izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake Amazon imapanga malingaliro mukamagula pa intaneti kapena momwe Netflix imadziwira kuti mumakonda mafilimu oyipa a 1980s.
Ngakhale makompyuta omwe amagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro a AI nthawi zina amatchedwa "anzeru," ambiri mwa machitidwewa saphunzira okha; kuyanjana kwa anthu kumafunika.
Asayansi a data amakonzekera zolowazo posankha zosintha zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito zowonongeka. Kuphunzira mozama, kumbali ina, kungathe kuchita ntchitoyi yokha.
Cholemberachi chimagwira ntchito ngati chiwongolero cha anthu onse okonda deta omwe akufuna kuphunzira zambiri za kuphunzira mozama, kukula kwake, ndi kuthekera kwamtsogolo.
Kodi Kuphunzira Mwakuya ndi Chiyani?
Kuphunzira mozama kumatha kuganiziridwa ngati kagawo kakang'ono ka kuphunzira pamakina.
Ndi gawo lomwe limamangidwa pakudziphunzira nokha ndikuwongolera kudzera pakuwunika ma aligorivimu apakompyuta.
Kuphunzira mozama, mosiyana ndi kuphunzira pamakina, kumagwira ntchito ndi zopanga mawindo a neural, zomwe zimayenera kutsanzira momwe anthu amaganizira ndi kuphunzira. Mpaka posachedwa, ma neural network anali oletsedwa movutikira chifukwa chazovuta zamakompyuta.
Komabe, kupita patsogolo kwa ma analytics a Big Data kwathandiza ma neural network akulu, amphamvu kwambiri, kupangitsa makompyuta kuyang'anira, kumvetsetsa, ndi kuyankha pazovuta mwachangu kuposa anthu.
Timalimbikitsa kuwerenga - Tesla Neural Network Architecture Kufotokozera
Kuyika zithunzi m'magulu, kumasulira chinenero, ndi kuzindikira mawu onse apindula ndi kuphunzira mozama. Itha kuthana ndi vuto lililonse lozindikirika popanda kufunikira kolumikizana ndi anthu.
Ndilo zigawo zitatu kapena zambiri neural network. Maukonde a neural awa amafuna kutsanzira momwe ubongo wamunthu umagwirira ntchito, ngakhale kuti sapambana pang'ono, poupangitsa kuti "uphunzire" kuchokera kuzinthu zambirimbiri.
Ngakhale gawo limodzi la neural network limathabe kuneneratu, zigawo zobisika zambiri zitha kuthandiza kukhathamiritsa ndi kukonza zolondola.
Kodi Neural Network ndi chiyani?
Ma neural network opangira amatengera maukonde a neural omwe amawonedwa muubongo wamunthu. Nthawi zambiri, neural network imapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu.
Miyezo itatuyi ndi yolowetsa, yotulutsa, ndi yobisika. Neural network ikugwira ntchito ikuwoneka pazithunzi pansipa.
Monga neural network yomwe yawonetsedwa pamwambapa ili ndi gawo limodzi lobisika, limatchedwa "shallow neural network."
Zigawo zobisika zambiri zimawonjezeredwa ku machitidwe oterowo kuti apange mapangidwe apamwamba kwambiri.
Kodi Deep Network ndi chiyani?
Mu network yakuya, zigawo zambiri zobisika zimawonjezeredwa.
Kuphunzitsa mapangidwe otere kumakhala kovuta kwambiri pamene chiwerengero cha zigawo zobisika mumanetiwu chikukwera, osati ponena za nthawi yofunikira kuti aphunzitse bwino maukonde komanso malinga ndi zofunikira.
Netiweki yakuya yokhala ndi cholowetsa, zigawo zinayi zobisika, ndi zotuluka zikuwonetsedwa pansipa.
Kodi Deep Learning imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Neural network imapangidwa ndi zigawo za node, zofanana ndi momwe ma neuroni amapangira ubongo wamunthu. Magawo osanjikiza pawokha amalumikizidwa ku zigawo zoyandikana nazo.
Chiwerengero cha zigawo mu netiweki chimasonyeza kuya kwake. Neuroni imodzi mu ubongo waumunthu amalandira zikwi za mauthenga.
Zizindikiro zimayenda pakati pa ma node mu neural network yopangira, yomwe imawapatsa zolemera.
Node yokhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu imakhudza kwambiri mfundo zomwe zili pansi pake. Chigawo chomaliza chimaphatikiza zolowetsa zolemetsa kuti zipereke zotuluka.
Njira zophunzirira mozama zimafunikira zida zolimba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa data yomwe imayendetsedwa komanso masamu ambiri otsogola omwe akukhudzidwa.
Mawerengedwe a maphunziro ozama, ngakhale ndi luso lamakono, akhoza kutenga masabata.
Machitidwe ozama ophunzirira amafunikira kuchuluka kwa deta kuti apereke zolondola; chifukwa chake, chidziwitso chimadyetsedwa m'magawo akuluakulu a data.
Pokonza deta, ma neural neural network amatha kugawa zambiri potengera mayankho a inde kapena mafunso onama omwe amaphatikiza masamu ovuta kwambiri.
Algorithm yozindikiritsa nkhope, mwachitsanzo, imaphunzira kuzindikira ndi kuzindikira m'mphepete ndi mizere ya nkhope.
Kenako zinthu zofunika kwambiri za nkhope, ndipo pamapeto pake mawonekedwe onse a nkhope.
Algorithm imadziphunzitsa yokha pakapita nthawi, ndikuwonjezera mwayi wa mayankho olondola.
Munthawi imeneyi, ma aligorivimu ozindikira nkhope amazindikira nkhope moyenera pakapita nthawi.
Kuphunzira Mwakuya VS Machine Learning
Kodi kuphunzira mozama kumasiyana bwanji ndi kuphunzira pamakina ngati kuli kagawo kakang'ono kake?
Kuphunzira mozama kumasiyana ndi kuphunzira pamakina achikhalidwe mumitundu ya data yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito komanso njira zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito pophunzira.
Kuti apange zolosera, makina ophunzirira makina amagwiritsa ntchito data yosanjidwa, yolembedwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mawonekedwe ena amatchulidwa kuchokera ku data yamtundu wamtunduwu ndikuyika m'magulu.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti sizigwiritsa ntchito deta yosasinthika; m'malo mwake, ngati itero, nthawi zambiri imadutsa m'makonzedwe ena kuti ayike mumtundu wokhazikika.
Kuphunzira mozama kumathetsa gawo lina la kusamalitsa deta komwe kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira pamakina.
Ma aligorivimuwa amatha kulowetsa ndi kutanthauzira deta yosalongosoka monga zolemba ndi zithunzi, komanso kutulutsa mawonekedwe, kuchepetsa kudalira akatswiri aumunthu.
Tiyerekeze kuti tinali ndi zithunzi za ziweto zosiyanasiyana zomwe timafuna kuzipanga m'magulu monga "mphaka," "galu," "hamster," ndi zina zotero.
Ma algorithms ozama atha kudziwa kuti ndi makhalidwe ati (monga makutu) omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri pakulekanitsa nyama imodzi ndi ina. Mawonekedwe amtunduwu amatsimikiziridwa ndi katswiri wamunthu pakuphunzira makina.
Dongosolo lozama la kuphunzira kenako limasintha ndikudzikwanira lokha lolondola kudzera kutsika kwa gradient ndi kubwerezabwereza, kuzipangitsa kuti zilosere zolondola kwambiri za chithunzi chatsopano cha nyama.
Mapulogalamu a Maphunziro Ozama
1 Ziphuphu
Ma Chatbots amatha kukonza zovuta za kasitomala mumasekondi pang'ono. Chatbot ndi nzeru zochita kupanga (AI) chida chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi wolankhulana pa intaneti kudzera m'mawu kapena mawu-pa-mawu.
Ikhoza kulankhulana ndi kuchita zinthu mofanana ndi mmene anthu amachitira. Ma Chatbots amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pothandizira makasitomala, kutsatsa kwapa media media, komanso kutumizirana mameseji kwamakasitomala.
Imayankha zolowetsa zanu ndi mayankho odziwikiratu. Imapanga mayankho amitundu yambiri pogwiritsa ntchito makina ophunzirira komanso njira zophunzirira mozama.
2. Magalimoto odziyendetsa okha
Kuphunzira Mwakuya ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa magalimoto odziyendetsa okha kukhala zenizeni.
Miliyoni ya data imayikidwa mudongosolo kuti apange chitsanzo, phunzitsani makina kuti aphunzire, ndiyeno pendani zomwe mwapeza pamalo otetezeka.
The Uber Nzeru zochita kupanga Ma Labs ku Pittsburgh sikuti amangoyesa kupanga magalimoto osayendetsa kuti achuluke komanso kuphatikiza zinthu zambiri zanzeru, monga kuthekera kopereka chakudya, kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto osayendetsa.
Chodetsa nkhawa kwambiri pakukula kwa magalimoto odziyendetsa nokha ndikuthana ndi zochitika zosayembekezereka.
Kuyesa kosalekeza ndi kukhazikitsa, monga momwe amaphunzirira mwakuya, kumatsimikizira kuyendetsa bwino kwagalimoto chifukwa kumawonetsedwa ndi mamiliyoni a zochitika mochulukira.
3. Wothandizira Virtual
Ma Virtual Assistant ndi mapulogalamu ozikidwa pamtambo omwe amazindikira malamulo a chilankhulo chachilengedwe ndikukuchitirani zinthu m'malo mwanu.
Othandizira enieni monga Amazon Alexa, Cortana, Siri, ndi Google Assistant ndi zitsanzo zofala.
Kuti agwiritse ntchito mokwanira zomwe angathe, amafunikira zida zolumikizidwa ndi intaneti. Lamulo likaperekedwa kwa wothandizira, limakonda kupereka chidziwitso chabwinoko kutengera zomwe zidakumana nazo m'mbuyomu pogwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms a Deep Learning.
4. Zosangalatsa
Makampani monga Netflix, Amazon, YouTube, ndi Spotify amapereka malingaliro oyenera a kanema, nyimbo, ndi makanema kwa makasitomala awo kuti apititse patsogolo luso lawo.
Kuphunzira Mwakuya ndizomwe zimayambitsa zonsezi.
Makampani ochezera pa intaneti amapereka malingaliro azinthu ndi ntchito malinga ndi mbiri yakusaka kwa munthu, zokonda zake, ndi zochita zake.
Kuphunzira mozama ma aligorivimu amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga mawu ang'onoang'ono basi ndikuwonjezera mawu ku makanema opanda mawu.
5. Maloboti
Kuphunzira Mwakuya kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga maloboti omwe amatha kugwira ntchito ngati za anthu.
Maloboti a Deep Learning-powered amagwiritsa ntchito zosintha zenizeni kuti azindikire zotchinga panjira yawo ndikukonzekera njira yawo mwachangu.
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula zinthu mzipatala, m'mafakitole, m'malo osungiramo zinthu, kasamalidwe ka zinthu, kupanga zinthu, ndi zina zotero.
Maloboti a Boston Dynamics amayankha anthu akakankhidwa. Amatha kutaya chotsukira mbale, amatha kudzuka akagwa, ndipo amatha kuchita zinthu zina zosiyanasiyana.
6. Chisamaliro chamoyo
Madokotala sangakhale ndi odwala awo usana ndi usiku, koma chinthu chimodzi chomwe tonsefe timakhala nacho nthawi zonse ndi mafoni athu.
Kuphunzira mozama kumalolanso matekinoloje azachipatala kusanthula deta kuchokera pazithunzi zomwe timajambula ndikusuntha data kuti adziwe zovuta zomwe zingachitike paumoyo.
Pulogalamu ya masomphenya apakompyuta ya AI, mwachitsanzo, imagwiritsa ntchito detayi kuti itsatire kayendedwe ka wodwala kuti awonetsere kugwa komanso kusintha kwa maganizo.
Kuphunzira mozama kwagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuzindikira khansa yapakhungu pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi ndi zina zambiri.
7. Natural Language Processing
Kupanga ukadaulo wokonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe kwathandiza kuti maloboti aziwerenga mauthenga ndi kupeza tanthauzo kuchokera kwa iwo.
Komabe, njirayo ingakhale yopepuka mopambanitsa, kulephera kulongosola njira zimene mawu amalumikizirana kuti zikhudze tanthauzo kapena cholinga cha mawu.
Kuphunzira mozama kumathandiza okonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe kuti azindikire mitundu yovuta kwambiri ya mawu ndikupereka matanthauzidwe olondola.
8. Masomphenya a Pakompyuta
Kuphunzira mwakuya kumayesa kutengera momwe malingaliro amunthu amasinthira chidziwitso ndikuzindikira mawonekedwe, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale njira yabwino yophunzitsira ma AI otengera masomphenya.
Makinawa amatha kutenga zithunzi zotsatizana ndikuphunzira kuzindikira zinthu monga ndege, nkhope, ndi zida zogwiritsa ntchito. zitsanzo zakuya zophunzirira.
Kuphunzira Mwakuya mu Zochita
Kupatula pa ntchito yomwe mumakonda yotsatsira nyimbo yomwe imalimbikitsa nyimbo zomwe mungakonde, kuphunzira mozama kukusintha miyoyo ya anthu bwanji?
Kuphunzira mozama, zikuwonekera, kukupanga njira zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito. Aliyense amene amagwiritsa ntchito Facebook adzazindikira kuti mukatumiza zithunzi zatsopano, malo ochezera a pa Intaneti amazindikira ndikuyika ma tag anzanu.
Kuphunzira mozama kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe komanso kuzindikira mawu ndi othandizira pakompyuta monga Siri, Cortana, Alexa, ndi Google Now.
Kumasulira kwanthawi yeniyeni kumaperekedwa kudzera pa Skype. Mautumiki ambiri a imelo apita patsogolo m'kutha kuzindikira mauthenga a spam asanafike ku bokosi.
PayPal yagwiritsa ntchito kuphunzira mozama kuti mupewe kulipira kwachinyengo. CamFind, mwachitsanzo, imakulolani kuti mujambule chithunzi cha chinthu chilichonse ndipo, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wofufuzira mafoni, dziwani kuti ndi chiyani.
Kuphunzira mozama kukugwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mayankho ndi Google makamaka. AlphaGo, pulogalamu yapakompyuta yopangidwa ndi Google Deepmind, yapeza akatswiri apano a Go.
WaveNet, yopangidwa ndi DeepMind, imatha kupanga malankhulidwe omwe amamveka mwachilengedwe kuposa machitidwe omwe alipo pano. Kuti amasulire zilankhulo zapakamwa ndi zolembedwa, Zomasulira za Google zimagwiritsa ntchito kuphunzira mozama komanso kuzindikira zithunzi.
Chithunzi chilichonse chikhoza kudziwika pogwiritsa ntchito Google Planet. Kuti zithandizire kupanga mapulogalamu a AI, Google idapanga Tensorflow kuphunzira mozama mapulogalamu database.
Tsogolo la Kuphunzira Mwakuya
Kuphunzira mozama ndi mutu wosalephereka pokambirana zaukadaulo. Mosakayikira, kuphunzira mozama kwasintha kukhala chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zaukadaulo.
Mabungwe anali okhawo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi matekinoloje monga AI, kuphunzira mozama, kuphunzira pamakina, ndi zina zotero. Anthu, nawonso, akuchita chidwi ndi ukadaulo uwu, makamaka kuphunzira mozama.
Chimodzi mwazifukwa zambiri zophunzirira mozama ndikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuthekera kwake kulola zisankho zabwinoko zoyendetsedwa ndi data ndikuwongolera kulondola kwaneneratu.
Zida zotukula zophunzirira mozama, malaibulale, ndi zilankhulo zitha kukhala zida zonse zopangira mapulogalamu pakapita zaka zingapo.
Zida zamakonozi zidzatsegula njira yophweka, kukhazikitsa, ndi kuphunzitsa mitundu yatsopano.
Kusintha masitayelo, kulemba ma tagging okha, kupanga nyimbo, ndi ntchito zina zingakhale zosavuta kuchita ndi luso limeneli.
Kufunika kolembera mwachangu sikunakhalepo kwakukulu.
Madivelopa ophunzirira mwakuya adzagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri malo ophatikizika, otseguka, okhazikika pamtambo omwe amalola mwayi wopezeka ndi malaibulale ambiri osapezeka pashelufu ndi ma algorithm omangika m'tsogolomu.
Kuphunzira mozama kuli ndi tsogolo lowala kwambiri!
Ubwino wa a neural network ndikuti imapambana pakuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa data yosasinthika (ganizirani zonse zomwe ubongo wathu uyenera kuthana nazo, nthawi zonse).
Izi ndizoona makamaka m'nthawi yathu ya masensa amphamvu anzeru, omwe amatha kusonkhanitsa deta yochuluka. Makina apakompyuta achikhalidwe akuvutikira kusefa, kugawa, ndi kupeza mfundo kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri.
Kutsiliza
Kuphunzira kwambiri mphamvu zambiri mwanzeru zopangira nzeru (AI) zomwe zimatha kukonza zodzipangira zokha komanso kusanthula njira.
Anthu ambiri amakumana ndi kuphunzira mozama tsiku lililonse akamagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kapena mafoni awo.
Kuphunzira mozama kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mawu am'munsi amavidiyo a YouTube. Pangani kuzindikira kwamawu pama foni ndi ma speaker anzeru.
Perekani chizindikiritso cha nkhope pazithunzi, ndi kulola magalimoto odziyendetsa okha, pakati pa ntchito zina zambiri.
Ndipo, monga asayansi a data ndi ophunzira amakumana ndi zovuta kwambiri mapulojekiti ophunzirira mwakuya pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo zakuya, luntha lochita kupanga lotere lidzakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri pa moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku.
Siyani Mumakonda