Dongosolo lophunzirira mozama lili ndi kuphatikiza kolumikizana, malaibulale ndi zida zofotokozera ndi kuphunzitsa zitsanzo za Machine Learning mwachangu komanso molondola.
Chifukwa chakuti kuphunzira mozama kumagwiritsa ntchito deta yochuluka yosasinthika, yosagwirizana ndi malemba, mukufunikira ndondomeko yomwe imayendetsa kugwirizana pakati pa "zigawo" ndikupanga chitukuko chachitsanzo mofulumira pophunzira kuchokera kuzinthu zowonjezera ndikupanga zisankho zodziimira.
Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira zakuya mu 2021, lingalirani kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwamadongosolo omwe ali pansipa. Kumbukirani kusankha imodzi yomwe ingakuthandizeni kukwaniritsa zolinga zanu ndi masomphenya anu.
1. TensorFlow
Polankhula za kuphunzira mozama, TensorFlow nthawi zambiri chimango choyamba chotchulidwa. Chodziwika kwambiri, chimangochi sichimangogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Google - kampani yomwe idapanga - komanso makampani ena monga Dropbox, eBay, Airbnb, Nvidia, ndi ena ambiri.
TensorFlow itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga ma API apamwamba komanso otsika, kukulolani kuyendetsa mapulogalamu pafupifupi pamtundu uliwonse wa chipangizo. Ngakhale Python ndiye chilankhulo chake chachikulu, mawonekedwe a Tensoflow amatha kupezeka ndikuwongoleredwa pogwiritsa ntchito zilankhulo zina zamapulogalamu monga C++, Java, Julia, ndi JavaScript.
Pokhala gwero lotseguka, TensorFlow imakupatsani mwayi wophatikiza zingapo ndi ma API ena ndikupeza chithandizo chachangu ndi zosintha kuchokera kumudzi. Kudalira kwake pa "static graph" pakuwerengera kumakupatsani mwayi wowerengera nthawi yomweyo kapena kusunga ntchito kuti mupeze nthawi ina. Zifukwa izi, zowonjezeredwa kuti mutha "kuwona" kukula kwa neural network yanu kudzera pa TensorBoard, kupanga TensorFlow chimango chodziwika bwino cha kuphunzira mwakuya.
Features Ofunika
- Open-source
- kusinthasintha
- Kuthetsa mwachangu
2. PyTorch
PyTorch ndi chimango chopangidwa ndi Facebook kuti chithandizire magwiridwe antchito ake. Kuyambira kukhala gwero lotseguka, chimangochi chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makampani ena kupatula Facebook, monga Salesforce ndi Udacity.
Dongosololi limagwira ntchito ndi ma graph osinthidwa mwamphamvu, kukulolani kuti musinthe kamangidwe ka dataset yanu mukamayikonza. Ndi PyTorch ndikosavuta kupanga ndi kuphunzitsa neural network, ngakhale popanda chidziwitso pakuphunzira mwakuya.
Pokhala gwero lotseguka komanso lochokera ku Python, mutha kupanga zophatikiza zosavuta komanso zachangu ku PyTorch. Ilinso chimango chosavuta kuphunzira, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kukonza zolakwika. Ngati muli ndi mafunso, mutha kudalira thandizo lalikulu ndi zosintha kuchokera kumadera onse awiri - gulu la Python ndi gulu la PyTorch.
Features Ofunika
- Kophweka
- Imathandizira GPU ndi CPU
- Ma API ochuluka kuti akulitse malaibulale
3. Apache MX Net
Chifukwa chakuchulukira kwake, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, kuthetsa mavuto mwachangu, komanso chithandizo chapamwamba cha GPU, chimangochi chidapangidwa ndi Apache kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito m'mapulojekiti akuluakulu amakampani.
MXNet ikuphatikiza mawonekedwe a Gluon omwe amalola opanga maluso onse yambani ndi kuphunzira mozama pamtambo, pazida zam'mphepete, ndi pamapulogalamu am'manja. M'mizere yochepa chabe ya Gluon code, mutha kupanga ma linear regression, convolutional network ndi ma LSTM obwerezabwereza a. kuzindikira kwa chinthu, kuzindikira zolankhula, kuyamikiridwa, ndi kupanga makonda.
MXNet itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zosiyanasiyana ndipo imathandizidwa ndi angapo zilankhulo zamakompyuta monga Java, R, JavaScript, Scala ndi Go. Ngakhale kuti chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito ndi mamembala ake ndi otsika, MXNet ili ndi zolemba zolembedwa bwino komanso kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kukula, makamaka popeza Amazon yasankha chimango ichi ngati chida chachikulu cha Machine Learning pa AWS.
Features Ofunika
- 8 chilankhulo chomangiriza
- Maphunziro Ogawidwa, othandizira ma CPU ambiri ndi ma GPU ambiri
- Kumapeto kwa Hybrid, kulola kusinthana pakati pa mitundu yofunikira ndi yophiphiritsa
4. Chida Cha Microsoft Cognitive
Ngati mukuganiza zopanga mapulogalamu kapena ntchito zomwe zikuyenda pa Azure (Microsoft cloud services), Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit ndiye chimango chosankha mapulojekiti anu ophunzirira mwakuya. Izi ndizotseguka, ndipo zimathandizidwa ndi zilankhulo zamapulogalamu monga Python, C++, C #, Java, pakati pa ena. Dongosololi lapangidwa kuti "liganize ngati ubongo wa munthu", kotero limatha kukonza zambiri zosasinthika, pomwe limapereka maphunziro ofulumira komanso zomangamanga mwanzeru.
Posankha chimango ichi - chomwechi kumbuyo kwa Skype, Xbox, ndi Cortana - mudzapeza ntchito yabwino kuchokera ku mapulogalamu anu, scalability ndi kuphatikiza kosavuta ndi Azure. Komabe, poyerekeza ndi TensorFlow kapena PyTorch, chiwerengero cha mamembala m'dera lake ndi chithandizo chachepetsedwa.
Kanema wotsatirawa ali ndi mawu oyamba ndi zitsanzo zakugwiritsa ntchito:
Features Ofunika
- Chotsani zolemba
- Thandizo lochokera ku gulu la Microsoft
- Direct graph mawonekedwe
5. Keras
Monga PyTorch, Keras ndi laibulale yochokera ku Python yama projekiti ozama kwambiri. Keras API imagwira ntchito pamlingo wapamwamba ndipo imalola kuyanjana ndi ma API otsika monga TensorFlow, Theano, ndi Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit.
Ubwino wina wogwiritsa ntchito keras ndi kuphweka kwake kuphunzira - kukhala chimango chovomerezeka kwa oyamba kumene kuphunzira mozama; liwiro lake la kutumiza; kukhala ndi chithandizo chachikulu kuchokera ku gulu la python komanso kuchokera kumadera ena omwe amagwirizanitsidwa nawo.
Keras ili ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana a zomanga ma neural network monga zigawo, ntchito za zolinga, ntchito zotsegula, ndi zowonjezera masamu. Khodi yake imachitidwa pa GitHub ndipo pali mabwalo ndi njira yothandizira Slack. Kuwonjezera kuthandizira kwa muyezo mawindo a neural, Keras imapereka chithandizo cha Convolutional Neural Networks ndi Recurrent Neural Networks.
Keras amalola zitsanzo zakuya zophunzirira kupangidwa pa mafoni a m'manja pa iOS ndi Android, pa Java Virtual Machine, kapena pa intaneti. Zimalolanso kugwiritsa ntchito maphunziro ogawidwa amitundu yozama yophunzirira pamagulu a Graphics Processing Units (GPU) ndi Tensor Processing Units (TPU).
Features Ofunika
- Zitsanzo zophunzitsidwa kale
- Thandizo lambiri lakumbuyo
- Thandizo losavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso lamagulu akuluakulu
6. Apple Core ML
Core ML idapangidwa ndi Apple kuti ithandizire zachilengedwe - IOS, Mac OS, ndi iPad OS. API yake imagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono, imagwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu za CPU ndi GPU, zomwe zimalola zitsanzo ndi mapulogalamu omwe amapangidwa kuti azigwirabe ntchito ngakhale popanda intaneti, zomwe zimachepetsa "kukumbukira" ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa chipangizocho.
Momwe Core ML imakwaniritsira izi sikuti imangopanganso laibulale ina yophunzirira makina yomwe imakonzedwa kuti igwire ntchito pa ma iphone/ipad. M'malo mwake, Core ML ili ngati chojambulira chomwe chimatenga mawonekedwe amitundu ndi magawo ophunzitsidwa omwe amafotokozedwa ndi mapulogalamu ena ophunzirira makina ndikusinthitsa kukhala fayilo yomwe imakhala chida cha pulogalamu ya iOS. Kusinthaku kukhala mtundu wa Core ML kumachitika panthawi yopanga pulogalamu, osati munthawi yeniyeni momwe pulogalamuyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo imayendetsedwa ndi laibulale ya coremltools python.
Core ML imagwira ntchito mwachangu ndikuphatikiza kosavuta kwa makina kuphunzira zitsanzo mu ntchito. Imathandizira kuphunzira mozama ndi mitundu yopitilira 30 ya zigawo komanso mitengo yosankha, makina othandizira ma vector, ndi njira zosinthira mizere, zonse zomangidwa pamwamba pa matekinoloje otsika monga Chitsulo ndi Kuthamangitsa.
Features Ofunika
- Zosavuta kuphatikiza ndi mapulogalamu
- Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera zinthu zakumaloko, osafunikira intaneti
- Zinsinsi: deta siyenera kusiya chipangizocho
7. ZOCHITIKA
Ndondomeko yomaliza pamndandanda wathu ndi ONNX. Ndondomekoyi idachokera ku mgwirizano pakati pa Microsoft ndi Facebook, ndi cholinga chofewetsa njira yosamutsira ndi kumanga zitsanzo pakati pa machitidwe osiyanasiyana, zida, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ndi compilers.
ONNX imatanthawuza mtundu wa mafayilo omwe amatha kuthamanga pamapulatifomu angapo, pomwe akugwiritsa ntchito mapindu a ma API otsika monga ochokera ku Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit, MXNet, Caffe ndi (kugwiritsa ntchito otembenuza) Tensorflow ndi Core ML. Mfundo kumbuyo kwa ONNX ndikuphunzitsa chitsanzo pa stack ndikuchigwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro ndi maulosi ena.
LF AI Foundation, bungwe laling'ono la Linux Foundation, ndi bungwe lodzipereka pomanga chilengedwe kuti chithandizire. gwero lotseguka luso mu Artificial Intelligence (AI), kuphunzira pamakina (ML), ndi kuphunzira mozama (DL). Idawonjezera ONNX ngati pulojekiti yomaliza maphunziro pa 14 Novembara 2019. Kusuntha uku kwa ONNX pansi pa ambulera ya LF AI Foundation kunawonedwa ngati gawo lofunika kwambiri pakukhazikitsa ONNX ngati mulingo wotseguka wa ogulitsa-osalowerera ndale.
ONNX Model Zoo ndi gulu la zitsanzo zophunzitsidwa kale mu Deep Learning zomwe zimapezeka mumtundu wa ONNX. Pachitsanzo chilichonse pali Zolemba za Jupyter kwa maphunziro achitsanzo ndikuchita molingana ndi chitsanzo chophunzitsidwa. Zolembazo zidalembedwa mu Python ndipo zili ndi maulalo a maphunziro a dataset ndi maumboni a chikalata choyambirira cha sayansi chofotokoza kamangidwe kachitsanzo.
Features Ofunika
- Framework interoperability
- Kukhathamiritsa kwa Hardware
Kutsiliza
Ichi ndi chidule cha ma frameworks abwino kwambiri kuphunzira kwakukulu. Pali zingapo frameworks Mwaichi, kwaulere kapena analipira. Kuti musankhe zabwino kwambiri pa projekiti yanu, choyamba dziwani kuti ndi nsanja iti yomwe mupangire pulogalamu yanu.
Zomangamanga ngati TensorFlow ndi Keras ndiye njira zabwino kwambiri zoyambira. Koma ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito OS kapena zabwino za chipangizocho, Core ML ndi Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit zitha kukhala zosankha zabwino kwambiri.
Palinso zina zopangira zida za Android, makina ena, ndi zolinga zina zomwe sizinatchulidwe pamndandandawu. Ngati gulu lomalizali lingasangalale nanu, tikupangira kuti mufufuze zambiri zawo pa Google kapena masamba ena ophunzirira makina.
Siyani Mumakonda