Makina ambiri ophunzirira makina komanso njira zophunzirira mozama zimadalira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa data komanso kusiyanasiyana kuti agwire bwino ntchito. Kuchuluka ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa deta zomwe zimaperekedwa panthawi yophunzitsira zimakhudza kwambiri kulondola kwatsatanetsatane kwa zitsanzozi.
Mitundu yophunzirira mozama yomwe yaphunzitsidwa kuti igwire bwino ntchito zovuta nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ma neuron obisika. Kuchuluka kwa magawo ophunzitsidwa kumawonjezeka molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa ma neuroni obisika.
Kuchuluka kwa deta yofunikira kumayenderana ndi chiwerengero cha magawo ophunzirira chitsanzo. Njira imodzi yothanirana ndi zovuta za data yochepa ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito kusintha kosiyanasiyana kuzinthu zamakono kuti mupange deta yatsopano.
Njira yopangira deta yatsopano kuchokera ku data yomwe ilipo imatchedwa 'Data Augmentation.' Kuchulukitsa kwa data kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse ziwiri: kuchuluka kwa data ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maphunziro omwe amafunikira kuti apange zolondola. kuphunzira makina kapena zitsanzo zakuya zophunzirira.
Mu positi iyi, tiyang'ana mozama za kuwonjezereka kwa data, mitundu yake, chifukwa chake kuli kofunikira, ndi zina zambiri.
Ndiye, Data Augmentation ndi chiyani?
Kuchulukitsa kwa Data ndi njira yopangira zatsopano komanso zoyimira kuchokera ku data yomwe ilipo. Mutha kuchita izi pophatikiza mitundu yosinthidwa ya data yomwe ilipo kapena kupanga zatsopano.
Ma data opangidwa ndi njirayi athandizira kuphunzira kwamakina anu kapena zitsanzo zakuya zophunzirira pochepetsa chiopsezo cha kuchulukitsitsa. Ndi njira yosinthira, kapena "kuwonjezera," dataset yokhala ndi zambiri zowonjezera.
Zowonjezera izi zitha kukhala kuchokera pazithunzi mpaka zolemba, ndipo zimakulitsa magwiridwe antchito a makina ophunzirira.
Tiyerekeze kuti tikufuna kupanga mtundu wogawa mitundu ya agalu ndipo tili ndi zithunzi zambiri zamitundu yonse kupatula ma pugs. Chotsatira chake, chitsanzocho chikanakhala chovuta kugawa ma pugs.
Titha kuwonjezera (zenizeni kapena zabodza) zithunzi za pug pazosonkhanitsira, kapena titha kuwirikiza kawiri zithunzi zathu zaposachedwa (mwachitsanzo pozibwereza ndi kuzipotoza kuti zikhale zosiyana).
Kodi kuwonjezera deta kumagwira ntchito bwanji masiku ano?
Mapulogalamu makina kuphunzira zikukula mwachangu komanso kusiyanasiyana, makamaka pankhani yamaphunziro akuzama. Mavuto omwe makampani opanga nzeru amakumana nawo amatha kuthana ndi njira zowonjezera deta.
Kuchulukitsa kwa data kumatha kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ndi zotulukapo zamamodeli ophunzirira makina powonjezera zitsanzo zatsopano ndi zosiyanasiyana pamaseti ophunzitsira.
Pamene deta ili yaikulu komanso yokwanira, chitsanzo cha makina ophunzirira chimagwira ntchito bwino komanso chimakhala cholondola. Pamitundu yophunzirira pamakina, kusonkhanitsa deta ndi kulemba zilembo kungatenge nthawi komanso kokwera mtengo.
Makampani amatha kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito posintha ma dataset ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezera deta.
Kuyeretsa deta ndi imodzi mwa magawo pakupanga chitsanzo cha deta, ndipo ndikofunikira kwa zitsanzo zolondola kwambiri. Komabe, chitsanzocho sichingathe kuyembekezera zolowa m'dziko lenileni ngati kuyeretsa deta kumachepetsa kuyimira.
Mitundu yophunzirira makina imatha kulimbikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezera deta, zomwe zimabweretsa kusiyana komwe mtunduwo ungakumane nawo mdziko lenileni.
Mitundu Yowonjezera Ma data
Real data augmentation
Kuwonjezeredwa kwenikweni kwa data kumachitika mukawonjezera zenizeni, zowonjezera pa dataset. Izi zitha kukhala kuchokera pamafayilo am'mawu okhala ndi zina zowonjezera (zazithunzi zojambulidwa) mpaka zithunzi za zinthu zina zofananira ndi chinthu choyambirira, kapena zojambulira zenizeni.
Mwachitsanzo, powonjezera zina zingapo pafayilo yazithunzi, makina ophunzirira makina amatha kuzindikira chinthucho mosavuta.
Metadata yochulukirapo ya chithunzi chilichonse (mwachitsanzo, dzina lake ndi kufotokozera) zitha kuphatikizidwa kuti mtundu wathu wa AI udziwe zambiri zomwe chithunzi chilichonse chikuyimira chisanayambe kuphunzitsa pazithunzizo.
Ikafika nthawi yoti tigawire zithunzi zatsopano m'magulu omwe tadzipangiratu, monga "mphaka" kapena "galu," chitsanzochi chikhoza kuzindikira bwino zomwe zili pachithunzichi ndikuchita bwino kwambiri.
Kupanga Data Wonjezani
Kupatula kuwonjezera zambiri zenizeni, mutha kuthandizira zopangapanga kapena deta yochita kupanga yomwe ikuwoneka ngati yowona.
Izi ndizopindulitsa pazinthu zovuta monga kusamutsa kalembedwe ka neural, komanso ndizabwino pamapangidwe aliwonse, kaya mukugwiritsa ntchito ma GAN (Generative Adversarial Networks), CNNs (Convolutional Neural Networks), kapena zomanga zina zakuya za neural network.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikufuna kugawa bwino ma pug popanda kutuluka ndikujambula zithunzi zingapo, titha kuwonjezera zithunzi zabodza pagulu la zithunzi za agalu.
Njira iyi yowonjezeretsa deta ndiyothandiza makamaka kupititsa patsogolo kulondola kwachitsanzo pamene kusonkhanitsa deta kuli kovuta, kokwera mtengo, kapena kuwononga nthawi. Pamenepa, tikukulitsa deta mwachinyengo.
Tangoganizani kuti gulu lathu loyambirira la zithunzi zamtundu wa agalu 1000 lili ndi zithunzi 5 zokha za pug. M'malo mowonjezera zithunzi zenizeni za agalu enieni, tiyeni tipange yabodza popanga imodzi mwazomwe zilipo ndikuzipotoza pang'ono kuti ziwonekere ngati pug.
Njira Zowonjezera Data
Njira zowonjezerera deta zimaphatikizapo kupanga zosintha pang'ono ku zomwe zilipo kale. Zilinso chimodzimodzi ndi kubwereza mawu. Titha kugawa kukulitsa kwa data m'magulu atatu:
Malemba
- Kusintha Mawu: Njira yowonjezeretsa detayi imaphatikizapo kusintha mawu omwe alipo ndi mawu ofanana. Mwachitsanzo, "filimuyi ndi yopusa" ikhoza kukhala "Kanemayu ndi wopusa."
- Kusakaniza kwa Chiganizo/Mawu: Njira iyi imaphatikizapo kusintha katsatidwe ka ziganizo kapena mawu ndikusunga kugwirizana kwathunthu.
- Syntax-Tree Manipulation: Mumasintha chiganizo chomwe chilipo kuti chikhale cholondola mwama galamala mukugwiritsa ntchito mawu omwewo.
- Kuchotsa Mwachisawawa: Ngakhale njira iyi imatulutsa zolemba zoyipa, ndizothandiza. Zotsatira zake, mzere woti "Sindigula rekodi iyi chifukwa yang'ambika" imakhala "Sindigula izi chifukwa zakanda." Mawuwa samveka bwino, koma amakhalabe omveka.
- Kumasulira Kwambuyo: Njirayi ndi yothandiza komanso yosangalatsa. Tengani mawu olembedwa m'chinenero chanu, masulirani ku chinenero china, ndiyeno mumasulirenso m'chinenero chanu choyambirira.
Images
- Zosefera za Kernel: Njira iyi imanola kapena kusokoneza chithunzi.
- Kuphatikiza Zithunzi: Ngakhale zitha kuwoneka zachilendo, mutha kusakaniza zithunzi.
- Kufufuta Mwachisawawa: Chotsani kagawo kakang'ono kachithunzichi.
- Kusintha kwa Geometric: Njirayi imaphatikizapo, mwa zina, kutembenuza dala, kuzungulira, kudula, kapena kumasulira zithunzi.
- Kutembenuza chithunzi: Mutha kutembenuza chithunzi kuchokera chopingasa kupita cholunjika.
- Kusintha kwa Space Space: Mutha kusintha mayendedwe amtundu wa RGB kapena kuwonjezera mtundu uliwonse wapano.
- Re-Scaling ndi njira yosinthira mawonekedwe azithunzi. Muli ndi mwayi wowonjezera mkati kapena kunja. Mukakwera mkati, chithunzicho chimakhala chocheperako kuposa kukula koyamba. Chithunzicho chidzakhala chachikulu kuposa choyambirira ngati mutachikulitsa.
Audio
- Kuyimba: Njira iyi ikuphatikizapo kusintha kamvekedwe ka mawu.
- Kusintha liwiro: Sinthani liwiro la fayilo kapena kujambula.
- Phokoso Lambiri: Mutha kuwonjezera phokoso ku fayilo yomvera.
Gwiritsani Mlandu
Kujambula kwachipatala ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito kukulitsa deta pakali pano. Zosonkhanitsira zithunzi zachipatala ndizochepa, ndipo kugawana deta ndikovuta chifukwa cha malamulo komanso nkhawa zachinsinsi.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma data seti amakhala otsekeka kwambiri pankhani yazovuta zachilendo. Makampani opanga zithunzi zachipatala amagwiritsa ntchito kuwonjezera deta kuti asinthe ma data awo.
mavuto
Scalability, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya data, komanso kufunika kwake ndi zina mwazinthu zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa kuti mupange njira zowonjezeretsa deta.
Pankhani ya scalability, deta yowonjezereka iyenera kukhala yowonjezereka kuti mitundu yambiri igwiritse ntchito. Mufuna kuwonetsetsa kuti izi zitha kubwerezedwanso kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'mitundu yamtsogolo popeza kukhazikitsa njira yowonjezeretsa deta yomwe imapanga zambiri zofunikira, zamtengo wapatali, zokwezeka zimatha kutenga nthawi.
Pankhani ya heterogeneity, ma dataset osiyanasiyana ali ndi zinthu zosiyana zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa popanga deta yowonjezereka. Kuti mupange deta yokwezeka yoyenera, mawonekedwe amtundu uliwonse ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kuwonjezereka kwa deta kudzasiyana pakati pa ma dataset ndi milandu yogwiritsira ntchito.
Pomaliza, pofuna kutsimikizira kuti ubwino wa deta yowonjezereka umaposa zoopsa zilizonse, deta yowonjezereka iyenera kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma metric oyenera isanagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi makina ophunzirira makina.
Mwachitsanzo, kukhalapo kwa phokoso lalikulu lakumbuyo kapena zinthu zosagwirizana mu data yowonjezeredwa ndi zithunzi zitha kuwononga magwiridwe antchito amtunduwu.
Kutsiliza
Pamapeto pake, kaya mukuyesera kulosera zakutayika, kuzindikira zachinyengo zachuma, kapena kupanga bwino gulu la zithunzi zitsanzo, kuwonjezereka kwa deta ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopangira zitsanzo zolondola, zolimba.
Kupyolera mu njira yapamwamba yophunzitsira, kusamalitsa kosavuta ndi kuonjezera deta kungathandizenso magulu kupanga zitsanzo zamakono.
Mabizinesi atha kugwiritsa ntchito kuchulukitsa kwa data kuti achepetse nthawi yokonzekera zophunzitsira ndikupanga mitundu yophunzirira pamakina yomwe ili yolondola komanso mwachangu..
Mwa kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa data yofunikira mu dataset, kukulitsa kwa data kungapindulitsenso mitundu yophunzirira yamakina yomwe ili ndi zambiri zambiri.
Siyani Mumakonda