Amaseli ayizingqimba ezakha zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo.
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka ososayensi bezama ukuthola ukuthi amangqamuzana asebenza kanjani nokuthi enzani. Njengoba ibhayoloji yamaseli isivele ijabulisa, sibona nenye into, i-AI, ihlanganisa amandla nesayensi yemvelo.
Siyabona ukuthi i-AI iguqula indawo ngama-algorithms anamandla nezindlela, okuholela ekutholweni okusha kanye nokuqonda kangcono ukuthi amaseli asebenza kanjani. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sizobheka ukuthi i-AI ikuthonya kanjani ukuqonda kwethu ngebhayoloji yamaseli kanye nekusasa elijabulisayo eliphethe.
Ukuqonda Cell Biology
Isihluthulelo sokuvula izimfihlo zempilo ngokwayo sisekuqondeni kwethu isayensi yezinto eziphilayo zamangqamuzana.
Yonke into ephilayo, kusukela emagciwaneni amancane kuya ezilwaneni eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke, inamangqamuzana, okuyizici ezibalulekile zokwakha ukuphila.
Ukuhlolwa kwalezi zingqimba eziyisisekelo zokwakha, ukuziphatha, kanye nemisebenzi nge-lens ye-cell biology kusenza sikwazi ukwazisa izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezisekela ukuphila futhi sinqume ukuhlukahluka kwakho.
Ososayensi bangafunda kabanzi mayelana nendlela amangqamuzana asebenzisana ngayo, akhiqiza ngayo, ahlukanisa, futhi asabela kanjani endaweni ezungezile ngokucwaninga ngebhayoloji yamangqamuzana. Imikhakha eminingi yesayensi, ehlanganisa imithi, i-biotechnology, izakhi zofuzo, nesayensi yezemvelo, phakathi kwezinye, yakhelwe phezu kwalolu lwazi.
Akunakwenzeka ukweqisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda i-cell biology. Kuyisisekelo sempumelelo eminingi yezokwelapha kanye nentuthuko ekwelashweni nasekuvimbeleni izifo.
Ososayensi bangakha imithi eqondene nawe, imigomo, namathuluzi okuxilonga ukulwa nezifo kusukela kumdlavuza kuye ezifweni ezithathelwanayo ngokuqonda izindlela zebhayoloji.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cell biology ibalulekile ku-biotechnology ngoba yenza kube lula ukusungulwa kwemithi, ama-biofuels, nezinye izinto eziwusizo kusetshenziswa amaseli ashintshwe izakhi. Kuyasiza futhi ukuqonda ukuthi imithelela yemvelo iyithinta kanjani impilo yamaselula futhi iqondise imizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo ukuze kuvikelwe izilwane ezisengozini yokushabalala kanye nezinhlelo zemvelo.
Empeleni, isayensi yezinto eziphilayo yamangqamuzana iwukhiye ovula izimfihlakalo zokusebenza kwangaphakathi ekuphileni, okusivumela ukuba sibhekane nobunzima, sithuthukise impilo yomuntu, futhi sivikele ibhalansi entekenteke yeplanethi yethu.
Ukwenza Indlela Yemibono Yezinguquko
Amandla okuguqula athathe izimpande endaweni yebhayoloji yamangqamuzana eminyakeni yamuva, athembisa ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwethu kwendawo yonke engabonakali.
Ngekhono layo lokuphatha amavolumu amakhulu wedatha nokudalula amaphethini afihliwe, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) buye baba uguquko lwangempela lwemidlalo emikhakheni eyahlukene yesayensi. Abacwaningi manje sebesebenzisa i-AI ukuhlola bajule ngobunkimbinkimbi bebhayoloji yamaseli.
Sibona amasu amasha kanye nobuchwepheshe besimanje, bunikeza umbono omusha mayelana nokusebenza kwamaselula kanye nokusebenzisana.
Ukuqonda Izimfihlakalo Ezincane
Ngezinkinga ezingenakubalwa ezingaxazululiwe mayelana nomsebenzi weselula kanye nesakhiwo, i-cell biology sekuyisikhathi eside ingumqondo oyinkimbinkimbi Nokho, ososayensi bangahlola izithombe zamaselula ngokunemba okuphawulekayo nangesivinini ngokusebenzisa i-AI.
Ukutholwa okudabukisayo kwenziwe kwaba nokwenzeka yikhono lethu elikhulayo lokubona ukuhluka okuncane, izehlakalo ezingajwayelekile, nezinqubo zamaselula eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ososayensi baya ngokuya behola ezinhlelweni zocwaningo ezisezingeni eliphezulu futhi bathola ukufinyelela okungakaze kubonwe ekusebenzeni kwangaphakathi kwamaseli njengoba amathuluzi okuhlaziya afakwe nge-AI etholakala kabanzi.
Ukwandisa Imingcele Yokuthola Izidakamizwa
Umkhakha wokuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa uyikhaya lezimo ezijabulisa kakhulu kulesi sihloko. Esikhathini esidlule, le nqubo ibidinga abacwaningi ukuthi bahlunge emitatsheni yolwazi ebanzi yama-molecule emzamweni wokuthola labo abafuna ukungenela ukhetho.
Kodwa-ke, le nqubo isheshiswe kakhulu ikhono le-AI lokuhlola ngokushesha izimpendulo zebhayoloji kumakhemikhali ahlukahlukene.
I-AI iye yasheshisa amapayipi okuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa futhi yavula amathuba akhangayo okuthola izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha zezifo ezihlukahlukene ngokulingisa ukuziphatha kwamangqamuzana nokubikezela ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwemithi.
Maduze, imboni yezokunakekelwa kwempilo ingashintshwa ngokuphelele futhi izimpilo ezingenakubalwa zingasindiswa ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe ekutholeni okuhlosiwe kwemithi kanye namakhandidethi.
Ukuhlaziywa Kweseli Elilodwa
Ukuqonda ukuhlukahluka kweseli nokusebenza kube noshintsho olukhulu ngokuthuthukiswa kokuhlaziywa kweseli elilodwa. Ukuthuthukiswa kwale ndlela eyisisekelo kusizwe kakhulu yi-AI.
Amasistimu e-AI angakwazi ukubona izinhlobo ezincane zamaseli ahlukene, aqonde amanethiwekhi okuxhumana namaselula, futhi abone umehluko omncane phakathi kwamaseli ngamanye ngokucubungula idatha yeseli elilodwa.
Leli zinga elihle locwaningo linamandla okuveza ulwazi olusha mayelana ne-pathophysiology yesifo kanye nezindlela zokuvuselela izicubu. Lokhu okutholakele kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu emithini yomuntu siqu njengoba i-AI ithuthukisa ukuqonda kwethu ukuhlukahluka kwamaseli nokuziphatha.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kocwaningo Oluhlanganyelwe
Ikhono le-AI lokuvumela ukusebenzisana kwesayensi emhlabeni wonke kungenye yeminikelo yayo ebaluleke kakhulu kubhayoloji yamaseli. Izinkundla ze-AI zingahlanganisa ulwazi nolwazi ngokuhlanganisa idatha evela emithonjeni eyahlukene, okuvumela izifundiswa ukuthi zisebenze ndawonye emhlabeni wonke.
Le nethiwekhi edidiyelwe isheshise ucwaningo ngenkathi futhi ivumela ukudalwa kolwazi olubanzi olungafinyelelwa yiwo wonke umphakathi wesayensi. Ulwazi oluyiqoqo lwebhayoloji yamangqamuzana luyakhula njengoba i-AI iqhubeka nokugcwalisa izikhala phakathi kweminye imikhakha, iqala i-loop yempendulo enhle yokuqamba kanye nokutholwa.
Yiziphi Ezinye Zentuthuko Ebaluleke Kakhulu Kuze kube manje?
Ukwelashwa Okunembe Kakhulu Kwezifo
Izakhi zofuzo nobuchwepheshe ziye zasheshisa kakhulu inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa. I-GlaxoSmithKline enkulukazi yezemithi (GSK) ithuthukise ngempumelelo amazinga empumelelo okuthola okuhlosiwe okuzoba khona kwezokwelapha ngokusebenzisa i-AI nama-algorithms okufunda komshini.
I-GSK manje isingakwazi ukuhlonza imizila yebhayoloji ethembisa kakhulu yokungenelela ngokuhlaziya amadathasethi wofuzo amakhulu, kusheshiswe ukwakhiwa kwemithi emisha.
Umkhakha wemithi ungase ube noguquko ngenxa yokuhlangana kwezakhi zofuzo kanye ne-AI, okungaholela ekwelashweni okunembayo nangempumelelo kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Ukuletha I-Cellular Heterogeneity Ekukhanyeni
Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlaziywa kweseli elilodwa okunikwa amandla yi-AI kungenye yentuthuko ebaluleke kakhulu kubhayoloji yamaseli. Abacwaningi manje sebengakwazi ukuhlola ukuhlukahluka kwamaselula ngemininingwane engakaze ibonwe ngenxa yale ndlela eyisisekelo.
Ukwehluka okubalulekile ekuziphatheni kwamaselula kanye nezimpendulo ku-stimu kutholwe ngenxa yekhono lokuhlaziya amangqamuzana ngamanye esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa inani labantu.
Ithimba labacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseStanford, ngokwesibonelo, lasebenzisa ama-algorithms e-AI ukuhlola idatha yokulandelana kweseli eyodwa ye-RNA ukuze kutholwe izinhlobo ezincane zamaseli futhi ziveze izindima zazo ezihlukile.
Lokhu kutholakala kunemiphumela ephawulekayo ekuqondeni kwethu izifo njengoba kunikeza ukukhanya ezinhlotsheni eziqondile zamangqamuzana athintekayo ezifweni ezihlukahlukene, kuvula izinhloso ezintsha zokwelapha kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezihlukile.
Ukuletha I-Cellular Heterogeneity Ekukhanyeni
Ukusetshenziswa kokuhlaziywa kweseli elilodwa okunikwa amandla yi-AI kungenye yentuthuko ebaluleke kakhulu kubhayoloji yamaseli. Abacwaningi manje sebengakwazi ukuhlola ukuhlukahluka kwamaselula ngemininingwane engakaze ibonwe ngenxa yale ndlela eyisisekelo.
Ukwehluka okubalulekile ekuziphatheni kwamaselula kanye nezimpendulo ku-stimu kutholwe ngenxa yekhono lokuhlaziya amangqamuzana ngamanye esikhundleni sokuhlanganisa inani labantu.
Ithimba labacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseStanford, ngokwesibonelo, lasebenzisa ama-algorithms e-AI ukuhlola idatha yokulandelana kweseli eyodwa ye-RNA ukuze kutholwe izinhlobo ezincane zamaseli futhi ziveze izindima zazo ezihlukile.
Lokhu kutholakala kunamandla amakhulu okuqonda kwethu izifo njengoba kunikeza ukukhanya ezinhlotsheni eziqondile zamaseli athintekayo ezifweni ezahlukahlukene, kuvule izinhloso ezintsha zokwelapha kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezihlukile.
I-Deepcell: I-Multidimensional Analysis Transforming Cell Biology
I-Deepcell, eyasungulwa ngu-Maddison Masaeli kanye nabeluleki bakhe be-postdoctoral u-Euan Ashley no-Mahyar Salek, iyinkundla yokuhlaziya iseli eyodwa esekwe ku-I eyaphuma eStanford University ngo-2017.
I-Deepcell ishintsha indlela ososayensi abaphenya ngayo i-cell morphology. I-Deepcell, esemaphethelweni okuqanjwa kabusha okuqhutshwa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ihlanganisa i-AI, i-microfluidics, ne-high-resolution optics ukuze inikeze indlela yokuhlola ukwakheka kweseli kunanini ngaphambili.
I-Deepcell inika amandla ososayensi ukuthi baqale ucwaningo oluguquguqukayo lwe-multidimensional analyte okokuqala ngqa. Abacwaningi manje sebengakwazi ukujula ebunzimeni bezakhiwo zamaselula besebenzisa ukuhlaziya okunamandla e-AI, beveza ukukhanya endaweni eyayingaziwa ngaphambili.
Amaseli Obuchopho Akhule Ilebhu Ku-Silicon Chips
Abacwaningi abasemaphethelweni angaphambili okutholwa kwesayensi benze intuthuko enkulu ngokukhulisa ngempumelelo amaseli obuchopho kuma-silicon chips futhi bewayala ukuthi enze imisebenzi. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ku-interface ye ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela (AI) kanye nebhayoloji inemiphumela efinyelela kude ngekusasa lamakhompyutha.
Ithimba labacwaningi eMonash University's Turner Institute for Brain kanye Mental Health, eholwa nguSolwazi Ohlangene u-Adeel Razi, iphayona ekuhlanganisweni kwe-AI ne-synthetic biology ukuze kukhiqizwe amanoveli amasistimu adlula imikhawulo yehardware ejwayelekile esekwe ku-silicon.
Ikusasa Eliqhutshwa I-Cell Biology kanye ne-AI
Isigaba esisha esijabulisayo ocwaningweni lwesayensi nokutholwa sesiqalile ngokuhlangana kwe-AI kanye nebhayoloji yamaseli. Izinga lomthelela wobuchwepheshe be-AI kubhayoloji yamaseli cishe lizokhula njengoba lithuthuke kakhulu futhi litholakala kabanzi.
Ngokuthuthuka okusha ngakunye, sisondela kancane osukwini lapho izimfihlakalo zamaselula zixazululwa, zingenisa intuthuko ku-biotechnology, imithi, neminye imikhakha.
Ukuhlanganiswa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nebhayoloji yamangqamuzana kuthembisa ukwakha umphakathi ongcono nonempilo ezizukulwaneni ezizayo njengoba ososayensi beqhubeka nokubekela imingcele yalokho okungenzeka.
Isiphetho
Ukuhlangana kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nebhayoloji yamangqamuzana akusona isiqongo solwazi, kodwa kunalokho kuyisiqalo sokuhlola okungapheli. Ikhono lobuchwepheshe be-AI lokudalula ukusebenza okuyinkimbinkimbi kwempilo yeselula lizothuthuka kanye nentuthuko yabo.
Isithembiso sokwembula izimfihlo zebhayoloji yamangqamuzana siwukwenza izinguquko kwezokwelapha, ukuhlonza okuhlosiwe kwezokwelapha okuyinoveli, nokubhekana nezinkinga zempilo ezingathi sína.
Ikusasa lapho singagcini nje ngokuqonda inkimbinkimbi yokuphila ezingeni lamangqamuzana kodwa futhi sisebenzisa lolo lwazi ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yesintu sisonke lenziwa laba nokwenzeka yilokhu kusebenzisana okumangalisayo phakathi kwe-AI nesayensi yezinto eziphilayo zamangqamuzana.
shiya impendulo