Yonke inkampani eyakha iwebhusayithi inokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi njengokukhathazeka kwayo okuphezulu. Abasebenzisi bakho kufanele babe nokufinyelela kuzo zonke izici ezimangalisayo nemisebenzi oyihlelile.
Iwebhusayithi yakho kufanele ilayishe ngokushesha, kube lula ukuyizulazula, futhi ikunikeze ulwazi lomsebenzisi olungenazihibe. Lokhu kwenza kudingeke ukuthi kusetshenziswe izinhlaka ezingaphambili ezisheshisa ukwakhiwa kwamawebhusayithi ashukumisayo, agxile kubasebenzisi.
Sihlanganise uhlu lwezinhlaka eziphambili zokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu. Lezi zinhlaka zikuvumela ukuthi udale amawebhusayithi aphambili, ashayelwa abasebenzisi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziku-inthanethi. Abathuthukisi bewebhu badinga izinhlaka ezingaphambili ukuze benze imisebenzi yabo ibe lula.
Lawa maphakheji e-software ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngamamojula ekhodi abhalwe ngaphambilini/asebenziseka kabusha, ubuchwepheshe obumisiwe obungaphambili, kanye namabhulokhi okusebenza enziwe ngomumo, akwenza kusheshe futhi kube lula kubathuthukisi ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ezihlala isikhathi eside futhi indawo yomsebenzisi ngaphandle kokufaka ikhodi yonke imisebenzi noma into kusukela ekuqaleni.
Amanye amathuluzi okuthuthukisa afakiwe kuzinhlaka ezingaphambili, njengegridi eyenza kube lula ukuhlela izici zedizayini ye-UI, izilungiselelo zefonti ezichazwe ngaphambilini, namabhulokhi wokwakha achazwe ngaphambilini amawebhusayithi (okungukuthi amaphaneli aseceleni, izinkinobho, amabha wokuzulazula, njll.).
Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha uhlaka olufanele lomthombo ovulekile lokuthuthukisa isofthiwe yakho kuwumsebenzi onzima. Kufanele wenze ucwaningo olunzulu lwemakethe futhi uqonde izinzuzo kanye nokubi.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki; silapha ukuze sikonge isikhathi nomzamo ngezeluleko zethu ezicacile.
Lesi sihloko sizokusiza ekuphequluleni uhlu lwezinhlaka ezihamba phambili zomthombo ovulekile eziphezulu nokukhetha leyo ehambisana kangcono nephrojekthi yakho ezayo yokuthuthukisa iwebhu.
1. Yenza
Olunye lwezinhlaka zangaphambili ezaziwa kakhulu ezitholakalayo lubizwa ngokuthi React; ngamafuphi, iyikhithi yamathuluzi esekwe engxenyeni ye-JavaScript ene-syntax ye-JSX eyakhiwa yi-Facebook futhi yaqala ukukhishwa ngo-2011.
Kamuva yashintsha yaba umtapo wolwazi ovulekile ngo-2013, osuka kancane encazelweni evamile yohlaka. I-virtual Document Object Model (DOM) enendlela eyodwa yokubopha idatha iyisici esihlukanisayo se-React.
I-React inconywa ngokusebenza kwayo okukhethekile futhi ithathwa njengolunye lwezinhlaka ezilula ukufunda ngenxa yamakhono abonakalayo e-DOM.
Ubungane bayo obusebenziseka kalula kanye nejika lokufunda elimnene liyenza ibe yinhle kakhulu ukukhetha kwabaqalayo noma konjiniyela abangenalwazi kangako. I-React yakhelwe ukusebenzelana namanye amalabhulali, okuhlanganisa lawo okuphatha isimo, umzila, nokusebenzisana kwe-API.
Izingxenye ze-React ezisebenziseka kabusha zenza lolu hlaka olungaphambili lube inketho engcono kakhulu uma ufuna ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenzisanayo.
I-React, uhlaka olunamandla e-Facebook, ithole ukuqashelwa njengesengezo esihle kakhulu kukhithi yamathuluzi engaphambili. Izingxenye zidalwe ngokuhlanganisa izingcaphuno ze-HTML kanye ne-syntax yethegi nesitayela sekhodi se-JSX.
Ihlukanisa izingxenye ezinkulu zibe izingxenye ezilawulekayo, ezincane ezingalawulwa ngokwehlukana nangokuzimela. Ukukhiqiza konjiniyela ngokungangabazeki kuzokhula ngokwengezwa kwalokhu kusebenza.
buhle
- umtapo wolwazi ovulekile ohlinzeka ngamathuluzi ahlukahlukene
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokufunda i-React.
- Uma usebenzisa i-React, ungasebenzisa kabusha ingxenye eseyidaliwe. Ngale ndlela, ukusebenza nokusebenzisa lezi zingxenye kwezinye izindawo zohlelo kwenziwa kube lula.
- Ngisho nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinomthwalo omkhulu zingasebenza ngaphandle komthungo ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwe-DOM yazo ebonakalayo, ephinde iqinisekise ukunikezwa okusheshayo.
- ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza nokulungisa. Isofthiwe ingamane ibuyekezwe ngezici ezintsha.
bawo
- Ikhuluma nje ngamaleveli e-UI ohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
- Onjiniyela bangase bakuthole kuyinselele ukubamba imibono ye-JSX ezigabeni zokuqala zokufunda i-React.
- Ingxenye ye-UI kuphela yohlelo eyakhiwa kusetshenziswa i-ReactJS. Ngenxa yalokho, uzodinga ukuncika kobunye ubuchwepheshe ukuze uthole wonke amathuluzi okuthuthukisa.
- Kunzima ukugcina imibhalo enembile njengoba izingxenye zingashintshwa ngokushesha futhi kalula.
2. I-Angular
Uhlaka oluphambili lomthombo ovulekile olungcono kakhulu, i-Angular, manje luphezulu ohlwini lwezinhlaka ezingaphambili zewebhu. Isebenza njengesisekelo sokukhiqiza izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo neziyinkimbinkimbi zekhasi elilodwa.
Kuyinkundla yohlelo olususelwa ku-Typescript oludalwe i-Google. Uhlaka oluyi-Angular lokwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza eziku-inthanethi ezingalawuleki luhlanganisa isethi yamathuluzi onjiniyela ukuze babhale, bakhe, bahlole, bashintshe ikhodi kanye nenani lemitapo yolwazi exhumeke ngokuqinile.
I-Angular inikeza ukusebenza okubophezelayo okukabili, okuwumehluko oyisisekelo phakathi kwayo nohlaka lwe-React. Noma yiziphi izibuyekezo zemodeli zingahlanganiswa nokubonga kokubuka ekutholakaleni kwalokhu kusebenza.
Unjiniyela angase abuke izinguquko abazenzayo ohlelweni kanye nendlela oluvela ngayo ngesikhathi sangempela. Umsebenzi omningi we-Angular ugxile ekudaleni izinhlelo zokusebenza eziku-inthanethi nezamaselula.
Ukwengeza, kulula ukwenza izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ezinekhasi elilodwa kanye namakhasi amaningi. Amanye amafemu aphezulu emhlabeni asebenzisa i-Angular ngenxa yamakhono ayo amaningi, okuhlanganisa iMicrosoft Office, BMW, Forbes, Gmail, kanye ne-Upwork.
buhle
- Ukuvumelanisa ukubuka kwemodeli yesikhathi sangempela kuyenzeka ngenxa yamandla akhelwe ngaphakathi kwalolu hlaka, okwenza kube lula ukulungisa uhlelo lokusebenza.
- Ngokusetshenziswa kwama-injection okuncika, onjiniyela bangakwazi ukuhlukanisa izingxenye zekhodi ezincike komunye futhi baphinde bazisebenzise njengoba kudingeka.
- Ukuba khona Kweziqondiso kunikeza amandla abahleli bezinhlelo ukuthi bahlole i-Document Object Model (DOM) futhi bakhiqize okuqukethwe kwe-HTML enothile.
- inethiwekhi ebalulekile yokufunda nokusekela.
- Kusukela ekukhululweni kwayo, i-Angular ithole ukuthandwa phakathi kwabathuthukisi. Iqembu elikhulu labathuthukisi bewebhu lisebenzisa i-Angular namuhla. Uma unjiniyela enenkinga, angacela usizo kulo mphakathi kalula.
bawo
- I-Angular iwulimi okunzima kakhulu ukulufunda ngenxa yohlu olukhulu lwezici nemisebenzi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
- I-angular iyi-verbose futhi iyinkimbinkimbi.
- Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamandla zingabhekana nokunensa futhi zingase zingasebenzi kahle.
3. Mncane
I-Svelte, enye yezinhlaka zokuthuthukisa ezithandwa kakhulu, inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula. Umdidiyeli wethulwa ngo-2016.
Ilokhu ithola ukuqashelwa kancane kancane kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, futhi ngo-2022, yayisivele ibonwa njengolunye lwezinhlaka ezihamba phambili ezihamba phambili.
I-Svelte ithathwa njengenketho yentuthuko engasindi yangaphambili yokuvumela abathuthukisi ukuthi baqedele amaphrojekthi abo ngokubhala okuncane kakhulu kunangaphansi kwezinye izinhlaka..
Kuwuhlaka lomthombo ovulekile olusekelwe ku-Typescript-written JavaScript framework. Kuthiwa iphakathi kwezinhlaka ezihamba phambili ezisheshayo laphaya.
I-Svelte ihlela izingxenye ezihlukene futhi ihlukanise isifanekiso, i-logic, nesibonisi ukuze okuguquguqukayo kufinyelelwe ngokuqondile kusukela kumakhaphu, okwenza kube lula yonke inqubo yokuthuthukisa.
Ayinayo i-DOM ebonakalayo futhi ikhuthaza ukuguquguquka ezinhlelweni zangaphambili. Ukubhala amakhodi kwamahhala we-boilerplate kunikezwa ngu-Svelte, okukuvumela ukuthi udale izingxenye ku-HTML, CSS, ne-JavaScript.
Khona-ke, ngesikhathi sesiteji sokwakha, umhlanganisi uguqula ikhodi ibe amamojula angenalo uhlaka, angasindi azimele ku-vanilla JavaScript, ewahlanganisa kahle ku-DOM njengoba isimo sishintsha.
Ngenxa yalokhu, i-Svelte, ngokungafani ne-React noma i-Vue, ayifuni ukucutshungulwa kwesiphequluli okubalulekile, futhi asikho isidingo sokutshala izinsiza ekudaleni i-DOM ebonakalayo.
buhle
- Ukuqaliswa kwe-Sapper kwe-Server-Side Rendering (SSR) kuqinile.
- inikeza amathuba okuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kanye nejika lokufunda eliwumqansa.
- Phakathi kwezinhlaka ezingaphambili ezinokusabela okusheshayo
- Isakhiwo esisekelwe engxenyeni yokukhanya kwekhodi
- Ukuqaliswa okulula kweselula kuhlinzekwa wuhlaka.
bawo
- Amathuluzi alinganiselwe kanye nokuntuleka kwezinto ezisekelayo
- I-ecology enomkhawulo nomphakathi ongavuthiwe
- Ukulinganisa okumbalwa nokukhathazeka okuqondene nekhodi
4. jQuery
Olunye lwezinhlaka zokuqala ze-JavaScript ezivula umthombo ovulekile kwakuyi-jQuery, eyethulwa ngo-2006.
Naphezu kokuba umakadebona wangempela kule mboni, isephakathi kwezinhlaka eziphambili zika-2022 ngoba, ngaphandle kokumbalwa, ihlobene kakhulu nezinqubo zentuthuko zamanje.
Ngenxa yokuthi isinesikhathi eside ikhona, i-jQuery ikuhlomele kahle ukunciphisa ikhodi eyisicefe ye-JavaScript futhi inikeza ubulula kanye nokusekelwa okuqinile okuvela emphakathini wayo omkhulu nonolwazi.
Esinye sezizathu ezisobala zokuthi kungani i-jQuery ihlale idumile isikhathi eside kangaka indlela yayo elula yekhodi ye-JavaScript.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-jQuery iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ekuphatheni imicimbi, eminye imicimbi yomsebenzisi njengokuchofoza kwegundane noma ukuchofoza ukhiye wekhibhodi kufinyezwa kube izingcezu ezincane zekhodi okulula ukuyiphatha futhi ihlanganiswe kunoma iyiphi indawo engahleliwe ye-JS yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
I-jQuery Mobile, isistimu ye-UI esekelwe ku-HTML5 yohlaka lokuqala, manje isekela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi yayingakhelwanga ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-jQuery ikuphatha kahle ukushintshashintsha kwesiphequluli, abathuthukisi be-frontend akudingeki bakhathazeke ngakho konke okukhathazayo okungaba khona kwesiphequluli.
buhle
- Inkundla yomthombo ovulekile eyenza izicelo ze-HTTP zibe lula.
- Naphezu kokuba uhlaka oluyisisekelo, lungasetshenziswa ukuze kusetshenziswe izinhlelo zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo.
- Nge-DOM yayo evumelana nezimo, izingxenye zingamane zengezwe noma zisuswe.
- I-JQuery ingelinye lama-Frameworks alula atholakalayo. I-JQuery ilula ukuyisebenzisa ngisho noma ungazi okuningi mayelana nezinhlelo. Kungakho isathathwa njengenye yezinhlaka ezihamba phambili ezihamba phambili ngo-2022.
bawo
- I-JQuery inika amandla ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziguqukayo, kodwa ngesivinini esincane.
- I-interface ye-JQuery engasindi ingase ibangele izinkinga esikhathini eside.
- I-JQuery iyinkundla yakudala, futhi izinhlaka eziningi ezintsha nezingcono ziyatholakala emakethe namuhla.
5. indoda
Uma kuziwa ekusebenzeni okusekelwe engxenyeni kanye nokubophezela kwedatha yezindlela ezimbili, i-Ember ne-Angular zifana kakhulu. Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zobuchwepheshe besimanje, yathuthukiswa ngo-2011.
Isasetshenziswa ezinye zezinhlangano ezivelele emhlabeni, njenge-Linkedin ne-Apple, naphezu kokuba enye yezinhlaka ezinzima kakhulu ukufunda.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kwenza ukuthi onjiniyela bakwazi ukuklama ngokushesha izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula neze-inthanethi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokwakhiwa okusekelwe engxenyeni, i-Ember iyithuluzi elihle lokudala ikhasi elilodwa eliyinkimbinkimbi, elinothile ngesici. izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zeklayenti noma zeselula.
Kokubili i-Angular kanye nalolu hlaka luhlinzeka ngezindlela ezimbili zokubopha idatha. Ifaneleka ngokuphelele ukubhekana nesidingo esikhulayo sobuchwepheshe besimanje.
Kodwa-ke, umphakathi we-Ember ubonakala uphakathi kwemiphakathi enomdlandla, ebambe iqhaza, futhi ephethwe kahle laphaya. Ngokokuhlola okuthile, i-Ember ingakwazi ukuntula ukuguquguquka ngenxa yezinqubo eziqinile onjiniyela okufanele banamathele kuzo ukuze bayisebenzise.
buhle
- I-ecosystem yayo yephakheji inosayizi omkhulu kakhulu futhi othuthuke kakhulu.
- Ihambisana nemuva futhi ivimbela izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi zonakaliswe.
- Indawo yamaphakheji aklanywe kahle futhi ahlangabezana nazo zonke izimfuno zakho.
- Ukuthuthukiswa okulula nokusheshayo kohlelo lokusebenza olugcwele umyalo owodwa kuphela.
- Izinhlelo ezindala zizoqhubeka nokusebenza ngokungenasici naphezu kokuthuthukiswa okusha njengoba zihambisana nokuhlehla.
bawo
- Ijika lokufunda le-EmberJs liphezulu kakhulu.
- inikeza ukwenza ngokwezifiso okuncane nokuvumelana nezimo
- Nge-syntax yayo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ukusebenza kuyo kungase kube nzima ngezikhathi ezithile.
- I-Ember's hefty Framework ingase ibonakale iwukumosha lapho isetshenziselwa ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinesizotha.
6. Umgogodla
Lolu hlaka lwadalwa ngo-2010 futhi luwumthombo ovulekile futhi alubizi ukusetshenziswa. Kuwuhlaka oluthandwayo nolusetshenziswa kabanzi lwe-frontend yokwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-inthanethi ezilula, ezinekhasi elilodwa.
Isiza onjiniyela ngokugcina ukusebenza kanye ne-UI yephrojekthi kuhlukene. Amaphrojekthi amakhulu adinga idizayini engcono kanye nekhodi encane nawo angayisebenzisa.
I-Backbone.js ikukhuthaza ukuthi uhumushe idatha yakho ibe amamodeli, uguqule i-DOM yakho ibe ukubukwa, futhi ukuxhumanise ndawonye ngemicimbi. Lokhu kuhambisana nendlela yokuthuthukisa i-MVC/MVP.
Ibonisa idatha yakho njengamamodeli, angenziwa, aqinisekiswe, asuswe futhi agcinwe kuseva. Lawa mamodeli asekela imicimbi yangokwezifiso kanye nokubophezela kwenani elingukhiye; ngaso sonke isikhathi isenzo se-UI silungisa isibaluli semodeli, imodeli ikhiqiza umcimbi woshintsho.
Konke ukubuka okumelela isimo semodeli kungathola ushintsho ukuze bakwazi ukuphendula ngendlela efanele futhi baphinde bazinikele ngolwazi olubuyekeziwe.
Kule nkundla, ungakha amaphrojekthi adinga izigaba ezimbalwa zabasebenzisi futhi usebenzise amaqoqo ukuze uhlukanise phakathi kwamamodeli.
Ngenxa yokuhambisana kwayo ne-REST API, i-Backbone.js iyinketho efanelekile ukuthi uyafuna ukuyisebenzisela ekugcineni noma ekugcineni kwesicelo sakho.
buhle
- Ilula, ilula ukuyiqonda, futhi kulula ukuyifunda.
- Phakathi kwezinhlaka ze-JavaScript ezishesha kakhulu
- Uhlelo luhlinzeka ngokulawula ukusebenza ngempumelelo.
- Esikhundleni se-DOM, ungasebenzisa amamodeli ukugcina idatha yakho.
bawo
- Nge-Backbone.js, ukukhiqiza akukwazi ukukhuphuka.
- Kuyinkimbinkimbi njengoba ukubophezela kwedatha yezindlela ezimbili akusekelwe.
- Naphezu kokutholakala kwamathuluzi athile ayisisekelo, ukwakheka akuchazwa kahle.
7. Foundation
Olunye lwezinhlaka eziphambili zomthombo ovulekile ongaphambili we-JS, HTML kanye ne-CSS ngo-2022 iSisekelo. Ngolunye lwezinhlaka ezihamba phambili manje ezisetshenziswa onjiniyela ukuze bakhe amawebhusayithi ahlukile nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Le nkundla ihloselwe onjiniyela asebekhulile, noma kunjalo, uma othile ejwayelene nohlaka, ukusebenza nalo kuyamangalisa futhi kuyakhiqiza.
Iletha ukusheshisa kwe-GPU okukhethekile futhi ihlanganisa nobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu okwenza ezinye zezici ezinhle kakhulu zibe khona.
I-Foundation ihlanganisa izici ezisheshayo, ezisabelayo, izingxenye ezisindayo zamanye amadivayisi, izigaba ezikhanyayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula, nokugqwayiza okuwuketshezi noshintsho.
Iwukuhlanganisa okuhle kwama-elementi wonke unjiniyela angakufuna. Lolu hlaka olungaphambili lusetshenziswe ngempumelelo yizinkampani ezinkulu ze-IT.
Kuhlanganisa amandla okunikezela ngeselula asheshayo, ukusheshisa kwe-GPU kokugqwayiza okushelela ngendlela emangalisayo, nezici zokushintshana kwedatha ezilayisha izingxenyana zokukhanya zamadivayisi eselula nezigaba ezisindayo zamadivayisi amakhulu.
Ukusebenza kumaphrojekthi azimele kuzokusiza ukuthi uzijwayeze nesakhiwo seSisekelo futhi uzulazule ngobunkimbinkimbi baso uma ukhetha ukuqala ukusisebenzisa.
buhle
- ivumela ukwakhiwa okulula kosayizi abaningi besikrini
- Vimba ukusebenza kwegridi okudala uhlelo olulungile lwegridi ohlwini olungahlelekile
- Uma ucabangela izengezo, zilungiseka kalula futhi zinwebeke.
- Kuye ngedivayisi ekhethiwe, onjiniyela banganikeza ulwazi olukhethekile lomsebenzisi wokugcina.
bawo
- Inenombolo ekhawulelwe yezingxenye.
- Kumuntu osemusha, iSisekelo sokufunda kungaba inselele.
- Kumaphrojekthi amakhulu, uhlaka lungaba yinkinga.
8. I-UI yesemantic
Embonini, i-UI ye-semantic iseyintsha kakhulu. Kuqashelwa njengolunye lwezinhlaka eziphambili zokudala amawebhusayithi. Impumelelo ingumphumela wokusebenziseka kalula, nokusebenziseka kalula.
Njengoba isebenzisa ukubhala ngekhodi okulula, abaqalayo bakuthola kuqondile ukukuqonda nokusebenzisa. Kuyinkundla yokuthuthukisa enhle kakhulu njengoba ihlinzeka ngenqubo eyenziwe lula yokudala izinhlelo zokusebenza namawebhusayithi futhi ihlanganyele namalabhulali amaningi angaphandle.
Incane kodwa izinikele futhi inomdlandla, umphakathi we-Semantic UI usuvele ukhiqize amakhulukhulu ezindikimba zohlaka, inqwaba yezingxenye ze-UI, nezinkulungwane zezinguquko ze-GitHub kusukela kwethulwa iphrojekthi.
Isizindalwazi sabo sithi inhloso yohlaka wukuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwe-HTML elungele abantu (indlela ye-semantic), futhi ngenxa yalokho, iphatha amagama namakilasi njengemiqondo eshintshashintshayo.
Amakilasi asebenzisa i-syntax esuka ezilimini ezifana nezomuntu ezinobudlelwano bebizo/isilungisi semvelo, ukuhleleka kwamagama, nobuningi, okuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi baxhumanise imiqondo ngendlela enembile.
Ifaka okuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi okwenziwe lula ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo kwedizayini eshelelayo, engaphansi, kanye nephansi.
buhle
- I-interface yomsebenzisi ye-Semantic kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi inembile.
- Yakha ngokushesha ikhasi noma iphrojekthi.
- Iphakheji yamathuluzi anika amandla i-CSS, i-JavaScript, nokulungiswa kwetimu.
- Kulula ukwabelana ngekhodi ekhiqizwe kanye ngezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezahlukene.
- Izinhlobonhlobo zezindikimba zinikezwa ohlakeni.
bawo
- Ukusebenzisana kwayo neziphequluli kubi.
- Umphakathi onesizotha
- Onjiniyela kufanele bajwayele i-JavaScript.
- Ukusabela okunganele ukusekela wonke amadivaysi eselula.
Isiphetho
Inhloso yenkampani, imakethe eqondiwe, kanye newebhusayithi ekhethwayo noma ukwakheka kohlelo lokusebenza ekugcineni kunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlaka lomthombo ovulekile okufanele lusetshenziswe.
Ngakho-ke, onjiniyela kufanele baqaphe ngeso elibukhali izitayela kulo mkhakha. Ukwenza isinyathelo sokuqala esilungile esiya emigomweni yesikhathi esizayo kuzohlanganisa ukukhetha uhlaka olufanele.
Sesivele sihlanganise ezinye zezinhlaka eziphambili zomthombo ovulekile. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe buhlala buthuthuka, kwazi bani, singaba nohlaka olungcono nakakhulu esikhathini esifushane.
shiya impendulo