Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
I-SwiftUI iyisizukulwane esilandelayo se-UIKit ye-Apple, futhi yakhelwa kulo lonke uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-iOS oluthuthukiswe ngo-2019.
Kodwa i-SwiftUI isathuthukiswa, ngakho-ke ama-API awahlali ewukugcina okwamanje. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungcono ukunamathela enguqulweni yakamuva ye-API ukuze ugcine izinto zisebenza kahle.
Kodwa-ke, i-SwiftUI izophuma maduze, okusho ukuthi abathuthukisi kuzodingeka bashintshe imiklamo yabo nxazonke.
Ngakho-ke sicabange ukuthi, kungani ungadali iziqondiso ezilula, ezisebenzayo ezikubonisa izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokusebenzisa i-SwiftUI kumaphrojekthi akho?
Lezi zifundeka mahhala, futhi siyaqiniseka ukuthi zizokusiza ukuthi uthole isiqalo esihle kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwe-SwiftUI.
Yiziphi Okokufundisa kwe-SwiftUI?
Uhlaka olusha lwe-SwiftUI lwe-Apple luyisiguquli somdlalo sokuthuthukisa izixhumanisi zabasebenzisi. I-SwiftUI iwuhlaka lokuthuthukiswa komsebenzisi olusha lwe-Apple, oluklanyelwe ukukusiza ukuthi udale izinhlelo zokusebenza zekhwalithi ephezulu ngokushesha nakalula.
Ngokumangazayo, kungaphezulu kakhulu kunohlaka olusha lwe-UIKit.
Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi awusadingi ukusebenzisa i-XCode noma i-Interface Builder ukuze uthuthukise izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza. Esikhundleni salokho, ungakha isikhombimsebenzisi sakho usebenzisa ikhodi ye-Swift.
Lesi isinyathelo esibalulekile esiya phambili ngoba i-SwiftUI iyikusasa lokuthuthukiswa kwe-iOS. Nokho, kusekhona izinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzazi mayelana nohlaka ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukulusebenzisa.
Inikezani Izifundo ze-SwiftUI?
Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-SwiftUI ingakwenza umpetha wokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza; Nokho, ezinye izinto ozozifunda zihlanganisa:
1. Okubalulekile kwe-SwiftUI
Lona umhlahlandlela olula we-SwiftUI. Uzofunda ukuthi iyini i-SwiftUI nokuthi ingakwenzela ini. Kumahhala futhi kuyindawo enhle yokuqala uma umusha ku-SwiftUI.
Isibonelo, uzofunda ukuthi kuyini Ukubuka, ukusebenzisa Ukubuka kwe-SwiftUI, kanye nendlela yokwenza uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lubukeke luhle.
Isibonelo, isifanekiso esiyisisekelo sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-SwiftUI sithi:
struct ContentView : View { var body : some View { Text ( "Hello World!" ) } }
Uzofunda ukuthi ulwakha kanjani uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza usebenzisa lesi sifanekiso esilula, esisebenzayo.
2. Ukuhlanganisa Iphrojekthi Egcwele
Uzokwazi ukwakha uhlelo lokusebenza oluphelele nge-SwiftUI. Uzofunda ukusebenzisa i-UIKit, SceneDelegate, kanye Nebhodi Lezindaba. Yenza inkinobho elula. Indlela yokuhlanganisa uhlu kanye nebha yokuzulazula phezu kwayo yonke into.
Ukubophezela namafomu kuzoba yingxenye enkulu ye-SwiftUI, futhi uzofunda ngakho. Ungazisebenzisa kanjani ukwenza i-UI yakho iphendule kakhudlwana.
3. Ukwengeza Imidiya
Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza nge-SwiftUI. Kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi uyisebenzisela ukubonisa imidiya, okuyindlela elula yokuqala ukusebenzisa i-SwiftUI. Izithombe ezinyakazayo, izithombe, namavidiyo kuyizindlela ezinhle zokubonisa imidiya, kodwa ungenza nokunye okuningi.
Indlela elula yokwengeza imidiya kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ukusebenzisa ikhamera. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukungeza i-UIView kusilawuli sokubuka sohlelo lwakho lokusebenza futhi wengeze ikhodi elandelayo kuso:
import SwiftUI struct ContentView : View { var body : some View { VStack {
Image ( "image_source" )
}. background ( Color. black ) } }
Lapha, sengeza i-UIView ekubukeni kwethu. Futhi sengeza isithombe kuyo, siyibiza ngokuthi “image_source.”
Umsebenzi we-Image() uzothatha isithombe ku-image_source variable futhi usibonise.
4. Ukusebenza Ngesethi Yamadokhumenti Afomethiwe Ngaphambili
Uma wakha uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-SwiftUI, uzodinga ukusebenza nesethi yamadokhumenti afomethwe ngaphambilini. Isibonelo, dala i-UIImageView ebonisa i-UIImage efomethwe kusengaphambili, noma i-UITextField ebonisa iyunithi yezinhlamvu efomethwe kusengaphambili.
Uzodinga futhi ukudala isethi yama-UIViews afomethwe kusengaphambili nge-SwiftUI. Uzodala uchungechunge lwe-UIStackViews, UITableViews, kanye ne-UIAlertViews.
5. ListView kanye neGridView
I-SwiftUI yethule i-ListView kanye ne-GridView, okuyimiqondo emisha yokusingatha izinhlu namagridi. Funda ukuthi ungazisebenzisa kanjani ku-SwiftUI futhi uzisebenzise ezinhlelweni zakho zokusebenza.
6. Amathuluzi
Thola okwengeziwe ezinhlelweni zakho ngosizo lwe-XCode. Isibonelo, ungafinyelela ukulandelana kokubuka okugcwele kohlelo lokusebenza ukuze ubone ukuthi i-UI yakhiwe kanjani. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-XCode ukuze udale i-segue yangokwezifiso futhi uzulazule phakathi kokubuka.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Q. Ikhodi ifana kangakanani nokuhlola kuqala?
I-SwiftUI isebenzisa ikhodi-gen ukuze ikhiqize ukubuka kuqala. Ikhodi ikhiqizwa ku-UI oyimisile ku-XCode.
Ngeke ukwazi ukushintsha ikhodi, noma ukubuka kuqala kuzohluka.
Q. Yiziphi izici ze-SwiftUI?
I-SwiftUI iwuhlaka lokuthuthukisa isixhumi esibonakalayo se-iOS. Kuwuhlaka oluphelele olwakhiwe kusukela phansi kuya phezulu. Isekelwe kumgomo "wokugeleza kwedatha okuqondile."
Kuwuhlaka lomthombo ovulekile. Yakhiwe nge-Swift, entsha yakwa-Apple ulimi lohlelo. Iklanyelwe ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisheshayo neziphendulayo. Isebenzisa i-UIKit entsha.
Q. Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-SwiftUI ne-UIKit?
I-SwiftUI iwuhlaka olusha lokusebenzelana komsebenzisi, futhi yakhelwe phezu kohlaka lwe-UIKit. I-UIKit iyi-iOS ejwayelekile uhlaka lokwakha izixhumi ezibonakalayo zomsebenzisi.
Iwuhlaka lomsebenzisi olunamandla futhi oluguquguqukayo emhlabeni. Ikuvumela ukuthi wakhe izixhumanisi zabasebenzisi ezicebile, eziphendulayo, nezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Kodwa i-UIKit ikhawulelwe ku-iOS yesikhulumi, futhi itholakala kuphela ku-iOS 12.0 nakamuva. Ngakho-ke, i-SwiftUI iyikusasa lokuthuthukiswa kwe-iOS.
Umugqa Ongezansi
Sengiphetha, awukwazi ukuvele ugxumele kuphrojekthi bese uqala ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza usebenzisa i-SwiftUI.
Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa i-SwiftUI kumaphrojekthi akho, udinga ukwakha isisekelo kuqala. Ngakho-ke, usalindeni? Qhubeka ufunde i-SwiftUI namuhla!
shiya impendulo