I-Neuroeducation inkambu yocwaningo ephathelene nemisebenzi eyenzeka ebuchosheni lapho abantu befunda.
Ihlanganisa izinqubo nolwazi lwemikhakha eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-neuroscience, psychology, isayensi yengqondo, kanye nemfundo.
Ukusebenzisana phakathi kothisha nososayensi bezinzwa kusiza ukukhiqiza okutholiwe okungasetshenziswa endaweni yasekilasini noma ekwakhiweni kwekharikhulamu.
Bahlose ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokufundisa kusetshenziswa ucwaningo olubuyekezwe ngontanga lokuthi ubuchopho buvumela kanjani ukufunda, inkumbulo yokusebenza, ubuhlakani, ukucabanga kokudala nokunye.
Enye yezinhloso ezinkulu ze-neuroeducation ukuvala igebe phakathi kwabacwaningi nabafundisi. Lesi sixhumanisi esiqondile sivimbela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "amadoda aphakathi" embonini yokufunda esekwe ebuchosheni.
Laba baphakathi bazuza emibonweni engalungile mayelana nendlela ubuchopho obusebenza ngayo, eyaziwa nangokuthi "ama-neuromyths". Lezi zinganekwane zihlanganisa imiqondo efana "nobuchopho besokunxele ngokumelene nokucabanga kobuchopho kwesokudla" kanye nenganekwane yokuthi "sisebenzisa kuphela u-10% wobuchopho bethu".
Okutholakele Okubalulekile ku-Neuroeducation
I-Neuroeducation ithinta izici ezahlukahlukene zokufunda kanye ne-neuroscience.
Nakhu okunye okutholakele okubalulekile ocwaningweni olwenziwe ku-neuroeducation.
Memory
Inkumbulo iyisici esibalulekile sokufunda. Ucwaningo ku-cognitive psychology lunikeze ukuqonda kokuthi ungayithuthukisa kanjani inkumbulo yakho. Amasu anjengokuphindaphinda noma ukuphindaphinda ngokwezikhala asebenzisa ithuba lokuthi ingqondo icubungula kanjani ulwazi ukuze isize abafundi babambe ngekhanda ngokushesha nangempumelelo kakhudlwana.
Isoftware efana ne Anki yenza ukukhumbula izinto kube lula ngokusebenzisa i-spaced-repetition system (SRS)
Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kahle, i-Anki isetshenziswa ekufundeni ulimi nasezilungiselelweni zokufundela. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2015 lwathola ukuthi u-31% wabafundi abaphendule inhlolovo yemfundo yezokwelapha babike ukuthi basebenzisa u-Anki njengomfundi. insiza yokufunda.
Attention
Kuwukubukelwa phansi ukusho ukuthi ukunaka kubalulekile kunoma yisiphi isipiliyoni sokufunda. Enye yezinhloso eziningi ze-neuroeducation ukuqonda ukuthi amasu okufunda ahlukahlukene athinta kanjani ukunaka.
Ngokwesibonelo, izifundo khombisa ukuthi kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi ukwanda kwe-inthanethi nezinkundla zokuxhumana kuthinta ukunaka ezinganeni. Ucwaningo luphinde lubonise umthelela omubi wemisebenzi eminingi ezindaweni ezidijithali.
Othisha bangasebenzisa lokhu okutholakele ukunquma ukuthi bangakhuluma kanjani nabafundi asebethonywe ama-smartphones kanye ne-inthanethi.
I-Multimodality
Ucwaningo lwe-Neuroeducation lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlukahluka kuyisihluthulelo sokufunda. Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene kanye nezisetshenziswa ukumela imibono kukhulisa ukunaka nokugcinwa kwabafundi.
Othisha bangethula ulwazi ngezindlela ezihlukile noma bafundise abafundi izindlela eziningi zokufinyelela esixazululweni.
Le ndlela yokwenza izinto eziningi ingafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa izinkundla zokufunda zedijithali.
Isibonelo, uhlelo lokusebenza lokufunda ulimi Duolingo isebenzisa izinto ezibonakalayo, ezingokombhalo, nezizwakalayo ukuze ihlole abasebenzisi mayelana namagama esilulumagama.
I-Neurodiversity
Ucwaningo lwezinzwa luzosiza abafundi abanokukhubazeka ekufundeni kanye nezinkinga zokufunda ezifana ne-ADHD ne-dyslexia.
Ngokubheka ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-neurobiology yokufunda kanye nokuphazamiseka kwayo, sizobona umthelela omkhulu endleleni esihlonza ngayo futhi sinikeze ukusekelwa kwezingane ezinezinselele zokufunda.
Ucwaningo lwe-Dyslexia ikakhulukazi, bekuyinsimu eyinhloko ku-neuroscience yezemfundo. Abacwaningi banentshisekelo yokuthi ukungenelela kokufunda okuphumelelayo kukuthonya kanjani ukufunda nokuthi i-neuroimaging ingasiza kanjani ukubikezela ukusebenza kokufunda.
I-Metacognition
Ucwaningo olwenziwa ososayensi bezinzwa, kanye nezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo zikhombisa ukubaluleka i-metacognition, ukuqaphela imicabango yomuntu lapho efunda, kwezemfundo.
Isibonelo, ukuqaphela “ingqondo yokukhula” kuthuthukisa imiphumela yomfundi.
Ukubuza imibuzo efanele, kanye nokuzindla ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kungenye yezindlela eziningi zokuqaphela i-metacognition engasetshenziswa njengethuluzi labafundi ukuze benze kangcono.
I-Neuroeducation Izicelo
Ziningi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-neuroeducation ezidinga ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
I-Adaptive Educational Systems
Ukufunda okuguquguqukayo kubhekisela endleleni yokufundisa esebenzisa ama-algorithms ekhompyutha kanye ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela ukukhiqiza ulwazi lokufunda oluhlukile kumfundi ngamunye. Ucwaningo ku-neuroscience lwazisa ubuchwepheshe bokufunda obuguquguqukayo.
Ngokwesibonelo, inkampani Ukufunda kwe-DreamBox inikeza ubuchwepheshe bokufunda obuvumelana nezimo ezihlakaniphile kubafundi bezibalo ze-K-8. I-DreamBox inikeza ulwazi lomuntu siqu lokufunda kumfundi ngamunye.
Uhlelo lulandelela ukuthi abafundi basebenzisana kanjani nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene futhi lulungise ngokushesha ileveli yobunzima, inani lamahinti, ukuhambahamba, nokuningi. Ubuchwepheshe buvumela abafundi ukuthi bathuthuke ngesifundo ngesivinini esibazuzisa kakhulu.
I-Computer Programming
Izifundo eziningi ezigxile ezinhlelweni zekhompiyutha kanye nokubhala amakhodi kusetshenziswa amasu wokuthwebula ubuchopho.
Abacwaningi bathole ubudlelwano phakathi kokufaka amakhodi nokubhala, futhi bakha izindlela zokuthuthukisa ulwazi lokuhlela besebenzisa ukufunda imishini amasu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho ucwaningo kubonisa ukuthi ukufunda ikhodi yekhompuyutha akudingi izifunda zobuchopho ezidingekayo ukuze kucutshungulwe ulimi. Ikhodi yokufunda ibonakala ifana nokuxazulula inkinga yezibalo noma iphazili yamagama.
Lokhu okutholakele kungazisa othisha besayensi yekhompyutha ukuthola izindlela zokufundisa ukubhala amakhodi ngempumelelo kakhulu.
Amageyimu evidiyo
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi odokotela abahlinzayo ababedlale imidlalo yevidiyo esikhathini esidlule benza Amaphutha angaphansi ngo-32%. ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Amageyimu evidiyo bangabandakanya abadlali babo ngezindlela ezingakaze zibonwe ekilasini ngaphambili.
Ucwaningo lwamanje lwesistimu yemivuzo yobuchopho lubonisa amandla okwengeza imidlalo yevidiyo yokufundisa ekilasini. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwemfundo kusekelwe izinqubo ekwakhiweni kwegeyimu.
Amawebhusayithi afana ne-Khan Academy asebenzisa imiqondo yamazinga namabheji ukuze akhuthaze ukufunda futhi anikeze abafundi umuzwa wenqubekelaphambili nempumelelo.
Ukugxekwa
Ngaphandle kwemizamo yokuhlanganisa izinqubo ze-microscopic neural nokuziphatha kwe-macroscopic emakilasini, lisekhona igebe ocwaningweni.
Abagxeki be-neuroeducation phikisa ngokuthi isifundo sokuziphatha kobuchopho siqhelelene kakhulu namasu okufunda okungokoqobo okungokoqobo ekilasini.
Ubuchwepheshe obusha njengemidlalo yevidiyo yokufundisa ingase ibe yinkinga kwezinye izingane.
Isistimu yokuklomelisa yemidlalo yevidiyo ingase ihehe kodwa ingase futhi iphazamise, ingane igxile emvuzweni kunokuqukethwe ngokwako.
Isiphetho
Ukwanda kwe-neuroeducation kuyinto okufanele ibhekwe, ikakhulukazi ngoba izingane zanamuhla zikhulela ezweni elihluke kakhulu kubazali bazo.
Inani lolwazi olutholakalayo, inqwaba yezindlela ezisebenzisanayo ongazifundisa usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe, kufanelekile ukuhlola ekilasini.
Ukuqoqa idatha ye-neuroscience bekulokhu kuwumsebenzi onzima ngoba izingane zifunda emakilasini hhayi kumalebhu.
Ukufunda kuhilela okungaphezu nje kokuphendula isivivinyo—kuhilela ukunaka, isithakazelo, ugqozi, nokunye.
Lapho othisha nososayensi bezinzwa besebenzisana, bobabili bayazuza. Othisha benza ikharikhulamu nemisebenzi yokufunda esekelwa idatha.
Abacwaningi manje bangabona imiphumela yocwaningo lwabo olusetshenziswa emhlabeni wangempela.
Bhalisa manje ephephandabeni lamasonto onke le-HashDork ukuze uthole okuqukethwe okuhle okwengeziwe nge-AI, i-Computing, ne-Future Tech.
shiya impendulo