Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
- Isingeniso se-micro front-end architecture
Izinzuzo ze-Micro frontend +-
- Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamaqembu Azimele Asheshayo
- Izisekelo Zekhodi Ezincane Zomuntu Ngamunye Ama-Micro Frontends Ziholela Kukhodi Yokuhlanza
- Ukuqina kohlelo lokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe Ngenxa Yokuxhumanisa Okukhululekile
- Ukuhlola Izici Zomuntu Ngamunye Kwenziwe Kwalula
- Usayizi Wenqwaba Owehlisiwe Uholela Ekulayisheni Kwekhasi Ngokushesha
- Ukuzimela Kwezobuchwepheshe
- Isiphetho
Umbono wama-microservices uthole ukunakwa okuningi muva nje, futhi amafemu amaningi ayawusebenzisa ukuze aqede ama-backends amakhulu, e-monolithic.
Ukuhamba ngendlela efanayo ne-frontend kuseyinselelo kumabhizinisi amaningi, noma ngabe le ndlela esabalalisiwe yokwakha uhlangothi lweseva yezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu inokwethenjelwa kancane noma kancane ngokocwaningo nokwenza.
Ngenxa yokuncika kwayo eduze, i-monolith eseceleni kweklayenti ngokuvamile yenza kube nzima ukuhlanganisa izici ezintsha, yamukele ubuchwepheshe obusha, nokukala izingxenye ngazinye.
Lezi kanye nezinye izinselele zenze abathuthukisi abaphambili ukuthi baphenye besebenzisa ama-microservices.
Ngenxa yalokho, isu elisha sha lezakhiwo elaziwa ngokuthi i-micro frontend lasungulwa ukuze kwakhiwe ungqimba olungaphambili lwamawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe kuwebhu.
Leli gama laqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-2016, futhi kusukela lapho, selithole ukunakwa okukhulu ngesizathu esihle.
Lesi sihloko sizonikeza ukuqonda okujwayelekile kokuthi yiziphi i-micro frontends kanye nezinkinga ezibhekana nazo. iyasebenza, kanye nobuhle nobubi.
Isingeniso se-micro front-end architecture
Indlela yesimanje yokuthuthukiswa kwe-front-end ebizwa ngokuthi i-micro-frontend architecture ihlukanisa a uhlelo lokusebenza lewebhu zibe izingxenye ezincane ezizimele.
Kumsebenzisi wokugcina, lezi zingxenye zibonakala ziyiyunithi eyodwa ngisho noma zakhiwe ngokuzimela bese zihlanganiswa.
Ngomehluko wokuthi ama-micro frontend aphathelene nohlangothi lweklayenti, hhayi uhlangothi lweseva, lwezisombululo eziku-inthanethi, isizathu esingaphansi kwazo siyefana nesama-microservices.
Ukwenza imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu esekwe kuwebhu kwenza umqondo omkhulu uma usebenzisa indlela ye-micro frontend.
Ama-Micro frontend, ngokungafani ne-monolith evamile engaphambili, anika amandla amaqembu amaningi ukuthi ahlanganyele ngokuhlukene kumaphrojekthi esofthiwe ahlukahlukene.
Abahleli bangadala izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngokuqina okukhulu nokugcinwa besebenzisa lo mklamo wezakhiwo.
Ukukubeka kalula, i-micro frontend ngayinye iyisiqephu sekhodi sengxenye ehlukile yekhasi lewebhu.
Lezi zici zilawulwa amaqembu ahlukene, ngalinye elisebenza ngokukhethekile embonini ethile noma inhloso ethile.
I-Monolithic vs Microservices vs Micro frontend architecture
Cabanga ngokuthuthela kwenye indawo. Ingabe kuzoba lula ngawe ukuthi uhlele yonke into ube yinani lamabhokisi amancane, anamalebula ngobuchwepheshe bese uhambisa ngalinye ngelinye noma uqoqe abasebenzi bonke ebhokisini elikhulu futhi uliyise endaweni entsha?
Isixazululo esisobala sikhona.
Lesi sifaniso siqhathanisa izakhiwo ezimbili ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu, ama-monoliths nama-microservices (owaziwa nangokuthi ama-micro frontends).
Izakhiwo ze-Monolithic
Ungase ukwazi ukukhumbula "izinsuku ezimnandi zakudala" lapho isicelo esiphelele sidalwa njengebhizinisi elilodwa, elihlangene. Indlela enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi i-monolith, okuyigama elidala lebhokisi elikhulu lamatshe.
Lokhu kunengqondo.
Amasistimu e-Monolithic anezici ezincikene. Ngakho-ke, uma ufisa ukulungisa okuthile noma ukwengeza isici esisha, kungenzeka ukuthi lonke uhlelo luphuke.
Nakuba isiphelelwe yisikhathi, isekhona ngezikhathi ezithile. Yebo, siyayazi indlela okhuluma ngayo manje.
Ukuhlukaniswa okungokomqondo kwe-codebase kube izingxenye ezimbili ezihlukene - i-frontend (i-client-side) ne-backend (uhlangothi lweseva) - kwaba yinto engenakugwemeka njengoba ubuchwepheshe obusha obuthuthukisiwe kanye nemikhiqizo yesofthiwe iba nzima nakakhulu.
Indlela yokusebenza edume kakhulu manje ukuhlukaniswa kokukhathazeka phakathi kwesendlalelo sesethulo umsebenzisi wokugcina axhumana naso nakho konke okwenzeka ngemuva.
Idinga amaqembu amabili wobunjiniyela besofthiwe, nethimba langaphambili elakha izingxenye ezibukwayo kanye nethimba elingemuva elakha izinsizakalo zewebhu, ingqondo yebhizinisi, ukufinyelela kwedatha, ukuhlanganiswa, njll.
Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwalokhu kuhlukaniswa, leli qhinga lisahlala li-monolithic ngokwemvelo.
Ushintsho olukhulu ukuthi manje sesinamabhulokhi amabili amakhulu ekhodi-i-frontend ne-backend-esikhundleni sohlelo lokusebenza olulodwa olukhulu. Izakhiwo ze-Monolithic akudingeki zibe zimbi; banezinzuzo ezimbalwa, kuhlanganise
- Ukuthuthukiswa okulula nokusheshayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezincane ezine-codebase yomthombo owodwa kanye nomklamo olula kakhulu;
- Ukuhlola nokulungisa amaphutha kuqondile kakhulu ngoba yonke ikhodi isendaweni eyodwa, okwenza kube lula ngethimba ukulandelela ukugeleza kwesicelo nokuhlonza iziphazamisi;
- Ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza, izindleko zishibhile njengoba kungekho zindleko zengqalasizinda noma izindleko zokuthuthukisa ezitholwayo kuze kungezwe izici ezintsha.
Izithiyo zalelisu zibonakala kuzo
- Ukuvumelana nezimo kokuthunyelwa okukhawulelwe - amaqembu kufanele alinde uma kunedlanzana lawo asebenza kuphrojekthi futhi ukuthunyelwa okusha kuyadingeka njalo lapho ubuyekeza ikhodi;
- Ukwamukela ubuchwepheshe obusha kuyinselele njengoba ukwenza kanjalo kudingeka ukuthi kubhalwe kabusha ingxenye enkulu, uma kungeyona yonke iphrojekthi.
- Uma inani lonjiniyela likhula, isistimu yekhodi iba ngokusondelene, inkimbinkimbi, futhi kube nzima ukuyiphatha nokuyiqonda.
- Izinkinga zenhlangano - ilungu ngalinye leqembu kufanele lisebenzise uhlobo olufanayo lwemitapo yolwazi futhi libike noma yiziphi izinguquko uma amaqembu amaningi asebenza kuphrojekthi ye-monolithic.
- Ukukhathazeka ngokuncipha - ngenxa yokuthi izingxenye zephrojekthi zixhumene, ukukalwa kwazo ngokuhlukene kuveza ubunzima obuholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwesikhathi kanye nezindleko eziphezulu.
- Ingqondo eyinkimbinkimbi yephrojekthi ingaba nzima kumalungu eqembu amasha ukuthi ayiqonde, ikakhulukazi uma onjiniyela ababesebenza kuyo ekuqaleni bengasaqashiwe.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-microservices kanye nezihlobo zabo eziseduze, nama-micro frontends, kubhekane nezinkinga eziyinhloko ngezinhlelo ze-monolithic.
Microservices architecture
Indlela yezakhiwo eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-microservices ivumela ukwakhiwa kwezinto eziningi ezincane ezixhumene ngokukhululekile nezikwazi ukusebenziseka ngokuzimela, ezakha i-backend yesicelo.
Yonke isevisi ine-codebase yayo, amapayipi e-CI/CD, izinqubo ze-DevOps, nezinqubo zokuzisebenzisa.
Ungabona ukuthi ithimba le-monolithic backend lihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ahlukene ngokubheka isithombe esingenhla.
Ngayinye igxile ngakunye esicini esihlukile sohlelo lokusebenza (njengesevisi yomkhiqizo, isevisi yosesho, nesevisi yokukhokha).
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwamasevisi kwenzeka ngamaphrothokholi amisiwe aziwa ngokuthi ama-API, njengephrothokholi ye-REST API engasindi esebenzisa amaphethini okuphendula okucela okuvumelanayo.
Enye inketho ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana okungaxhunyiwe usebenzisa isofthiwe efana ne-Kafka, ehlinzeka ngokushicilela / ukubhalisa izakhiwo zokuxhumana nemicimbi.
Ama-Microservices ahlanganisa ne-frontend nge-backend yesevisi ye-frontend (BFF) noma i-API Gateway ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi. I-BFF inikeza i-API eyenziwe ngokwezifiso yeklayenti ngalinye, kuyilapho i-API Gateways inikeza iphuzu elilodwa lokufinyelela eqoqweni lama-microservices.
Kodwa ngisho nezingxenye ezizimele ezingemuva nazo zonke izinzuzo ezizinikezayo, i-frontend iseyi-monolith.
Ngakho-ke, kulapho ama-micro frontends awusizo khona.
I-Micro frontends architecture
Ngokufanayo nama-microservices, lapho izingxenye ezixhumeke ngokuxekethile ziphethwe amaqembu amaningana, i-micro frontend architecture isebenzisa umqondo esipheqululini.
Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zokusebenzelana zewebhu zilandela lesi sakhiwo, esiqukethe izingxenye ezizimele.
Amaqembu abuye adalwe ngezidingo zeklayenti noma amacala okusebenzisa esikhundleni sobuchwepheshe obuthile noma ubuchwepheshe.
Ngakho-ke, amaqembu abambe iqhaza kuma-microservices namaphrojekthi amancane angaphambili.
- kusikwe ngokuqondile - njengoba kukhona onjiniyela abaphambili, ochwepheshe bedatha, onjiniyela basemuva, onjiniyela be-QA, njll. abasebenza kuphrojekthi efanayo futhi, badala izici zabo isikhombimsebenzisi somsebenzisi kusizindalwazi; futhi
- i-cross-functional - ilungu ngalinye leqembu linikela ngobuchule balo eqenjini.
Amaqembu angaphinda akhethe isitaki sobuchwepheshe esiwufanela kangcono umugqa wabo webhizinisi othile.
Iqembu elilodwa lingasebenzisa i-React ukuze lihlele ingxenye yalo. Elinye iqembu lidala inguqulo entsha ye-Angular. I-Vue.js ingesinye salezo zibonelo.
Ama-frontend amancane asetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nama-microservices ahlobene ukuze kubhekwane nezinkinga amaqembu okuthuthukisa ngokuvamile anazo nama-monoliths. Isu linikeza izinzuzo ezilandelayo.
- Inkululeko yobuchwepheshe: Onjiniyela abangaphambili bangakhetha ezinye izinhlaka ze-JavaScript, izindawo zesikhathi sokusebenza, nazo zonke izitaki zobuchwepheshe kuye ngezidingo zenkampani. Phezu kwesakhiwo esiphelelwe yisikhathi, kungase kusetshenziswe uhlaka olusha.
- Izinga elikhulu lokuguquguquka lingenzeka njengoba i-micro frontend ngayinye izimele futhi ingathuthukiswa, ihlolwe, isetshenziswe, futhi ithuthukiswe ngokuhlukana. Ngenxa yalokho, uma iqembu elilodwa lisebenzela isici futhi liphushe ukulungisa iziphazamisi, futhi elinye iqembu kufanele lengeze esalo isici, akumele lilinde iqembu lokuqala ukuthi liqedele umsebenzi walo.
- Amaqembu azimele namasistimu: Ithimba ngalinye lomkhiqizo, futhi ngenxa yalokho isici ngasinye, singasebenza ngokuncika kancane kwabanye, okusivumela ukuthi siqhubeke sisebenza ngisho nalapho izingxenye eziseduze zingatholakali.
- Amakhodi amaningi, amancane amancane: Ngayinye yezindawo ezingaphambili ezincane izoba ne-codebase yayo, elawulekayo, nencane. Abantu abambalwa bazogxila engxenyeni ethile ye-UI, benze ukubuyekezwa kwekhodi kube lula, futhi bathuthukise inhlangano iyonke.
- Ukukala okulula kohlelo lokusebenza: Enye inzuzo yama-micro frontend yikhono lokukala isici ngasinye ngasodwana. Ngokuphambene nama-monoliths, lapho lonke uhlelo kufanele lulinganiswe isikhathi ngasinye lapho isici esisha sengezwa, lokhu kwenza yonke inqubo isebenze kahle ngokwemibandela yakho kokubili isikhathi nemali.
Isebenza kanjani i-micro frontend?
Njengoba sike sasho ngaphambilini, amaqembu ahlelwa aqonde phezulu ngaphakathi kwe-micro frontend architecture, okusho ukuthi ahlukaniswa ulwazi lwesizinda noma injongo futhi anesibopho kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni ngomkhiqizo othile.
Ingaba ne-microservices eyodwa noma amabili angemuva kanye ne-frontend encane. Ngemininingwane eyengeziwe, ake sihlole izici zalesi sici esibonakalayo, ukusebenzisana nezinye izingxenye ze-UI, nokufakwa ekhasini eliyisiqalo.
I-frontend encane ingaba
- ikhasi eliphelele (isb, ikhasi lemininingwane yomkhiqizo) noma
- izingxenye zekhasi ezingasetshenziswa amanye amaqembu, njengezihloko, onyaweni, namabha okusesha.
Ungahlukanisa iwebhusayithi enkulu ibe yizinhlobo zamakhasi amaningana futhi unikeze uhlobo ngalunye kubasebenzi abathile ukuze basebenze.
Kodwa-ke, izingxenye ezimbalwa zivame ukuvela emakhasini amaningi, njengezihloko, onyaweni, amabhulokhi eziphakamiso, njll. Ibhulokhi yesiphakamiso, isibonelo, ingafakwa ekhasini eliyisiqalo, ikhasi lemininingwane yomkhiqizo, noma ngisho nekhasi lokuphuma.
Empeleni, amaqembu angakha izingcezu amanye amaqembu angazisebenzisa emakhasini awo.
Ama-micro frontend, nokho, angasatshalaliswa ngokuhlukana njengamaphrojekthi ahlukene ngokungafani nezingxenye ezisebenziseka kabusha.
Konke lokhu kuzwakala kumnandi, kodwa ukuze udale isixhumi esibonakalayo esihlanganisiwe, amakhasi nezingcezu kufanele ngandlela thize kuhlanganiswe.
Lokhu kudinga ukuhlanganiswa kwe-frontend, okungafezwa ngamasu ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa umzila, ukwakheka, nokuxhumana (bona umfanekiso ongenhla).
Ukuhamba
Uma isevisi evela ekhasini elilawulwa ithimba elilodwa idingeka ukufinyelela ikhasi lelinye iqembu, umzila uwusizo ekuhlanganisweni kwezinga lekhasi.
Yonke i-micro frontend iphathwa njengohlelo lokusebenza lwekhasi elilodwa. Izixhumanisi ezilula ze-HTML zingasetshenziswa ukunikeza umzila.
Umsebenzisi angaphoqa isiphequluli ukuthi silande umaka okuqondiwe kuseva futhi esikhundleni sekhasi lamanje ngelisha ngokuchofoza izixhumanisi.
Igobolondo lohlelo lokusebenza ubuncane obungenalutho be-HTML, i-CSS, ne-JavaScript enika amandla i-UI. Noma ngabe idatha yokuqukethwe ecelwe kuseva isalindile, umsebenzisi uthola ikhasi elibonisiwe elimile ngaso leso sikhathi. Igobolondo lohlelo lokusebenza elimaphakathi lisebenza njengomzali wezinhlelo zokusebenza zekhasi elilodwa ezidalwe amaqembu ahlukahlukene.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umtapo wezincwadi noma uhlaka olusetshenziswayo, i-meta-framework inika amandla ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhasi ahlukahlukene libe linye.
Ukubunjwa
Ukubunjwa kuyinqubo yokuhlela izingcezu ukuze zingene ezindaweni ezifanele ekhasini. Ezimweni eziningi, ithimba elisebenzisa ikhasi alilandeli ngokushesha okuqukethwe kwesiqephu.
Kunalokho, ibeka isimeli noma umaka lapho ucezu kufanele lube khona kumakhaphu.
Kusetshenziswa inqubo ehlukile yokuqamba, umhlangano wokugcina uyafezwa. Ukwakheka kungahlukaniswa kube izigaba ezimbili eziyisisekelo: uhlangothi lweklayenti kanye nohlangothi lweseva.
Ukwakheka kohlangothi lweklayenti: Isiphequluli sewebhu sisetshenziselwa ukwakha nokuhlela imakhaphu ye-HTML. I-frontend ngayinye encane inamandla okushintsha futhi ibonise umaka wayo ngokuhlukile kulo lonke ikhasi.
Izingxenye Zewebhu, ngokwesibonelo, zikuvumela ukuthi wenze lolu hlobo lokwakha.
Uhlelo luwukuguqula isiqeshana ngasinye sibe ingxenye yewebhu engafakwa ngokuzimele njengefayela le-a.js, ngemva kwalokho izinhlelo zokusebenza zingalayisha futhi zizinikeze ezikhaleni eziklanyelwe zona kusakhiwo setimu.
Izingxenye zewebhu zincike ku-HTML ne-DOM API, lezo ezinye izinhlaka ezingaphambili ezingase zisetshenziswe, kanye nendlela evamile yokuthumela nokwamukela idatha kusetshenziswa ama-props nemicimbi.
Ukwakheka kohlangothi lweseva: Ngalo mklamo, izingcezu ze-UI zihlanganiswa kuseva, okuholela ekutheni ikhasi elakhiwe ngokuphelele lithunyelwe ohlangothini lweklayenti, kusheshiswe ukulayisha.
Ukuhlanganiswa kuvame ukwenziwa isevisi ehlukile ehlala phakathi kwesiphequluli sewebhu namaseva ewebhu. I-CDN iyisibonelo esisodwa sesevisi (inethiwekhi yokulethwa kokuqukethwe).
Ungakhetha eyodwa noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili, kuye ngezidingo zakho.
Amaphethini wokuxhumana we-Micro frontend
I-micro-frontend architecture isebenza kahle kakhulu uma kungekho ukusebenzisana okuncane phakathi kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene. Ama-Micro frontend kwesinye isikhathi adinga ukukhuluma ngomunye nomunye futhi abelane ngolwazi. Nawa amaphethini ambalwa angaba khona angaholela kulokho.
- Abasebenzi bewebhu: Isisebenzi esiku-inthanethi siwumshini ovumela okuqukethwe kwewebhu ukuthi kuqalise i-JavaScript ngemuva, ngokuzimela kwezinye izikripthi, futhi ngaphandle kokuthikameze isivinini sekhasi. I-API yesisebenzi eyingqayizivele izohlinzekwa kuhlelo lokusebenza oluncane ngalunye. Le nzuzo iwukuthi umsebenzi odla isikhathi ungenziwa ngochungechunge oluhlukile, unike amandla uchungechunge lwe-UI ukuthi luqhubeke ngaphandle kokwehliswa ijubane noma ukumiswa.
- Umthumeli womcimbi: Kulesi simo, izingxenye eziningi zixhumana zodwa ngokulalela kanye nokwenza kunoma yiziphi izinguquko zesimo ezingxenyeni ezibhaliselwe kuzo. Amanye ama-micro frontend abhalisele lowo mcimbi othize aphendule lapho indawo engaphambili encane ishisa lowo mcimbi. I-emitter yomcimbi eyethulwe ku-micro-frontend ngayinye yenza lokhu kwenzeke.
- Ama-callback nama-props: Kulesi sigaba, uchaza ingxenye yomzali nezingxenye zengane. Ukuxhumana kuhlelwe kwaba isakhiwo esifana nesihlahla. Izingxenye zomzali zisebenzisa ama-props ukudlulisa idatha njengemisebenzi phansi kwesihlahla sengxenye kuya ezingxenyeni zengane. Ngokulandelayo, ingane ingakwazi ukuxwayisa umzali ngokuphumelelayo uma kwenzeka noma yini esimweni sayo ngokuphendula ama-callback. I-React isebenzisa le modi.
Izinzuzo ze-Micro frontend
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamaqembu Azimele Asheshayo
Ithimba elizimele lingadala ingxenye ngayinye yohlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu noma iwebhusayithi lapho lisebenzisa indlela ye-micro frontend.
Ithimba ngalinye lizimele ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi liphethe wonke umjikelezo wokuthuthukiswa kwengxenye, kusukela ekukhulelweni kuya ekukhululweni nasekukhiqizweni kwangemuva.
Ukwengeza, kusho ukuthi amaqembu ahlukahlukene angasebenzisana ngaphandle komthungo ngenkathi ngesikhathi esisodwa esebenza kuphrojekthi efanayo.
Ngakho-ke, imijikelezo yokukhishwa ishesha kakhulu kunokuba ibingaba ngama-monoliths angaphambili.
Izisekelo Zekhodi Ezincane Zomuntu Ngamunye Ama-Micro Frontends Ziholela Kukhodi Yokuhlanza
Iziphetho zangaphambili ze-Monolithic zinezisekelo zekhodi ezinkulu, ezingalawuleki eziya ngokuya ziba nesiphithiphithi futhi kube yinselele ukuyiphatha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ama-Micro frontend abhekana nale nkinga. Ikhodi yomthombo ngayinye ye-micro frontend ilawuleka kangcono njengoba incane, ilula, futhi ihlangene kakhulu.
Isixazululo sewebhu sisonke sizuza kukhodi ehlanzekile njengomphumela.
Ukuqina kohlelo lokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe Ngenxa Yokuxhumanisa Okukhululekile
Isixazululo sewebhu akuvamile ukuthi sihlukaniswe sibe izingcezu ezizimele ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ama-micro frontends ayakhuluma omunye komunye.
Kodwa-ke, isixhumanisi ngasinye phakathi kwezingxenye sibalulekile naphezu kokuxhuma okuxekethile.
Ukwehluleka kwengxenye eyodwa akunawo umthelela omncane ekusebenzeni kwazo zonke ezinye izingxenye, okunikeza ukuzinza okuthuthukisiwe kwesixazululo sewebhu.
Ukuhlola Izici Zomuntu Ngamunye Kwenziwe Kwalula
Le nzuzo iphumela ezicini zama-micro frontend. Ngokusekelwe kulo mklamo wezakhiwo, uhlangothi lweklayenti lesixazululo sewebhu luyi-modular futhi imojuli ngayinye izimele.
Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlola ingxenye encane yokusetshenziswa kubonwa kukodwa kulula ngethimba kunokuhlola i-monolith enkulu.
Usayizi Wenqwaba Owehlisiwe Uholela Ekulayisheni Kwekhasi Ngokushesha
Enye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zokubambezeleka kwezikhathi zokulayisha kumasistimu ewebhu e-monolithic anothe ngesici usayizi wenqwaba ye-JavaScript. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, indlela ye-micro frontend yenza kube lula ukunciphisa isikhathi sokulayisha ikhasi.
Isiphequluli akudingeki ukuthi silande ikhodi engadingeki ngokuphindaphindiwe njengoba ikhasi lewebhu lakhiwe izinqwaba ezincane ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusebenza kwekhasi nezikhathi zokulayisha ziyakhuphuka.
Ukuzimela Kwezobuchwepheshe
multiple izinhlaka ezingaphambili ingasetshenziswa abathuthukisi ukwenza isisombululo esisodwa se-inthanethi nge-micro-frontend architecture.
Njengoba ingxenye ngayinye izimele, ingakhiwa kusetshenziswa noma ibuphi ubuchwepheshe obufanelana kangcono nemisebenzi yeqembu.
Ngokwemvelo, abahleli bohlelo kufanele baqaphele lapho bekhetha izinhlaka zephrojekthi yesofthiwe abaphethe, futhi ukubonisana namanye amaqembu kusalulekwa ngokuqinile.
Kodwa-ke, akhona amathuba okuthi uzophoqeleka ukuthi usebenzise uhlaka lwefa ngesikhathi sempilo yohlelo lokusebenza.
Ububi beMicro Frontend
Ukuhlolwa kwesixazululo seWebhu esiyinkimbinkimbi ngokuphelele
Ukuhlola amamojula ahlukahlukene esixazululo sewebhu kulula uma kusetshenziswa i-micro-frontend architecture. Iyahluka ekuhloleni uhlelo lwewebhu lulonke, noma kunjalo.
Qinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zisebenza njengoba kuhlosiwe ngaphambi kokuqhubeka. Lokhu kungase kube nzima njengoba ama-micro frontends asebenza ngokuzimela futhi anezinqubo ezihlukene zokulethwa.
Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Okubizayo Kokuqala
Intuthuko ye-Micro frontend ngokuvamile idinga ukusetshenziswa kwezimali okukhulu. Kuyabiza ukuhlanganisa nokugcina amaqembu amaningi aphambili.
Ukwengeza, uzodinga abaphathi ukuze bahlele umsebenzi, baqinisekise ukuthi yonke into ihlelekile, futhi baqinisekise ukuxhumana okuhle kakhulu kweqembu.
Ubunkimbinkimbi bokuThuthukiswa nokusatshalaliswa
Izinqubo zokuthuthukisa nokusatshalaliswa zingaba nzima kakhulu ngenxa yomklamo we-micro-frontend.
Isixazululo singahlanganiswa nezingxenye eziningi kakhulu ngamaqembu azimele athuthukile asebenza kuphrojekthi efanayo, ngokwesibonelo, okungadala izinkinga esigabeni sokusatshalaliswa.
Ukuhlanganiswa okulungile kwawo wonke amamojula nokuhlanganiswa kwawo okushelelayo ohlelweni oluphelele nakho akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi; lo msebenzi ngokuvamile udinga ukuqonda okuphelele kwakho konke okuncikile.
Izinkinga Zokugcina Ukuhambisana Kokuzizwisa Umsebenzisi
Ukugcina ukusebenzelana okungaguquki komsebenzisi kuyinselele lapho amaqembu esebenza ngokuhlukene ezingxenyeni ezimbalwa zesofthiwe.
Isixazululo sewebhu kufanele sabiwe yibo bonke abathuthukisi bephrojekthi. Uma kungenjalo, kungase kube nokungqubuzana okuningi endleleni.
Isiphetho
Ama-Micro frontend, idizayini yezakhiwo zesimanje, ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwamaphrojekthi amakhulu okuthuthukiswa kwewebhu asekelwe kumasevisi amancane.
Ivumela abahleli bezinhlelo ukuthi bahlukanise isixazululo esiphelele sibe izingxenye ezihlukene ezingadalwa amaqembu amaningana azimele. Izinzuzo eziningi zilandela kulokhu, okuhlanganisa ukukhishwa kwesici esisheshayo, ukuhlola okulula kwamamojula angawodwana, nokuthuthukiswa okungenazihibe okwengeziwe.
Kepha kunobunzima obuthile ngama-micro frontends futhi.
Ukuhlola okuphelele kohlelo lokusebenza, isibonelo, kungase kube inselele.
Ukwengeza, ngenxa yokuthi ithimba elikhulu lonjiniyela nabaphathi liyadingeka, amaphrojekthi amancane angaphambili abiza kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo, kufanele ucabangele zonke izingxenye zebhizinisi lakho.
Vladimír Čamaj
Ngandlela-thile angizange ngiqonde ukuthi isiphi isimiso ukuxhumana phakathi kwezingxenye ngazinye ku-frontend kusebenza. Angiqondi ukuthi ufuna ukuxhuma kanjani izingxenye ezidalwe ngezinhlaka ezahlukene. Akukho lutho esihlokweni mayelana nakho. Uhlelo lwezehlakalo nabalaleli lubukeka njengesihogo emhlabeni kimi. Kufanele sikucabange kanjani?