Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
I-DevOps iyingxube yamafilosofi, amathuluzi, nemikhuba ehlose ukusiza izinhlangano zilethe izicelo ngokushesha.
Amaqembu asebenzisa imodeli ye-DevOps atshala imali ekhonweni lokusebenzela kangcono amakhasimende awo futhi afunde ngokushesha kunabaqhudelana nabo.
Imodeli ye-DevOps, njengoba negama lisho, ihlanganisa amaqembu okuthuthukisa nokusebenza ndawonye. Onjiniyela be-DevOps bavame ukusebenza ndawonye kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokuphila wohlelo lokusebenza.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi abantu abaningi abafanayo baphatha ukuthuthukiswa, ukuhlolwa, ukuthunyelwa, nokugcinwa.
Umkhuba we-DevOps ukhuthaza ukulethwa okungcono futhi okusheshayo kukhasimende lokugcina.
Isibonelo, ithimba lingase libe nesikhathi sokushintsha ngokushesha sokukhomba isiphazamisi, ukusixazulula, nokukhipha isichibi.
Ithimba lingasebenzisa i-DevOps ukuze lihlole izici ezintsha ngokushesha okukhulu, lihlale likhipha izibuyekezo ezintsha kukhasimende.
Lesi sihloko sizodlula lokho onjiniyela be-DevOps abakwenzayo empeleni. Sizobe sesibheka amakhono okufanele ube nawo ukuze onjiniyela be-DevOps baphumelele ezindimeni zabo.
Wenzani unjiniyela we-DevOps?
Unjiniyela we-DevOps uyindima enzima kakhulu. Kumelwe abe nolwazi olubanzi oluhlanganisa kokubili ukuthuthukiswa nokusebenza.
Njengoba bezosebenza njengebhuloho phakathi kwamaqembu womabili, badinga ukwazi ukusingatha ukukhuluma nabantu abaningi.
Onjiniyela be-DevOps ngokuvamile sebevele banolwazi ngesethi yamathuluzi kanjiniyela evamile. Bavame ukusiza ukwakha ikhodi yesicelo nokugcina ipayipi le-CI/CD.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, baphinde baphathe umthwalo wemfanelo wokuphatha uhlelo nokuphathwa kwengqalasizinda.
Lokhu kubandakanya ukuthunyelwa kwamaseva nezinsiza zamafu lapho izinhlelo zokusebenza zizosingathwa khona. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise amaseva akusayithi noma izimo ezibonakalayo ezinikezwe ubuchwepheshe bamafu.
Amakhono aphezulu ayi-7 Onjiniyela be-DevOps
1. I-Linux Fundamentals And Scripting
I-Linux yi- evulekile-umthombo uhlelo lokusebenza olutholakala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamakhompyutha. I-OS idumile ekuthuthukisweni kwe-DevOps ngezizathu eziningi.
Imishini ye-Linux izinze kakhulu futhi ingathenjwa ukuthi izosebenza 24/7 ngaphandle kokuthi iqalise kabusha. Isistimu yokusebenza ivikeleke kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nesistimu yokusebenza elungele abathengi njengeWindows.
Ukwazi ukusebenzisa ngempumelelo imvelo ye-Linux kuyikhono elibalulekile kunjiniyela we-DevOps. Iningi lezinkampani zisebenzisa indawo ye-Linux ukwenza izinhlelo zabo ezinkulu.
Unjiniyela ophumelelayo kufanele azi imiyalo evame kakhulu ku-Linux futhi kufanele akwazi ukwenza izikripthi zegobolondo imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo noma ehleliwe.
2. Iziqukathi kanye ne-orchestration yesiqukathi
I-Containerization inqubo yokubeka ingxenye yesofthiwe nendawo yayo, ukuncika, kanye nokucushwa kuyunithi eyodwa eyaziwa ngokuthi isitsha.
Iziqukathi zingasethwa futhi zisethwe noma yikuphi, okwenza kube nenzuzo ku-DevOps. Iziqukathi azisindi futhi kulula ukuzidlulisa zisuka kwelinye iqembu ziye kwelinye.
I-orchestration yesiqukathi ibhekisela ekuzenzekeleni komzamo wokusebenza odingekayo ukuze kuqhutshekwe izinhlelo zokusebenza namasevisi aneziqukathi. Onjiniyela be-DevOps kufanele bajwayele ukuphakela kanye nokukala izindawo ezifakwe iziqukathi.
Docker iyinkundla edumile yamathimba e-DevOps engasiza ukupakisha uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza kusiqukathi esisabalaliswayo.
3. Ukuhlanganiswa Okuqhubekayo Nokulethwa Okuqhubekayo
Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo (CI) kubhekisela kusethi yezinqubo ezikhuthaza amaqembu ukuthi enze izinguquko ezincane njalo. I-CI igxile ekwenzeni isakhiwo ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukupakisha, nokuhlolwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ukulethwa okuqhubekayo (CD) kwenza ukulethwa kwezicelo ngokuzenzakalela. Lokhu kungaba ukucindezela ukuzibophezela okusha endaweni yokuhlola noma ukusunduza inguqulo yakamuva yesofthiwe yakho endaweni yokukhiqiza.
Onjiniyela be-DevOps kufanele bajwayele ipayipi le-CI/CD ngoba likhuthaza ukuphindaphinda okusheshayo nokuhlola okuvamile.
Onjiniyela bangasebenzisa ukulawula inguqulo i-branching ukuchaza ukuthi ikhodi esanda kufakwa ihlanganiswa kanjani endaweni yokuhlola kanye nomkhiqizo wokugcina.
4. Ukuphatha uhlelo
Ngenkathi umlawuli wesistimu ojwayelekile engenayo indima ekuthuthukiseni isofthiwe abasiza ukuyiqondisa, unjiniyela we-DevOps kufanele abe nokuqonda okuhle kohlangothi lwentuthuko.
Onjiniyela be-SysAdmin kanye ne-DevOps babelana ngezibopho ezithile ezifanayo.
Onjiniyela be-DevOps kusafanele bazi ukuthi bangamisa kanjani futhi baphathe amasistimu namaseva amaningi wamakhompyutha. Imisebenzi evamile ihlanganisa ukudala nokuphatha ama-akhawunti abasebenzisi, ukugcina imininingwane yolwazi, nokuphendula ekunqamukeni kwesistimu.
5. Ukuqeqeshwa kwezokuphepha
Ukuphepha kwe-DevOps kubandakanya ukuqonda ukuthi ukuphepha kungakhiwa kanjani kuzo zonke izigaba zomjikelezo wempilo we-DevOps.
Onjiniyela kufanele bazi ukuthi bangabhekana kanjani kahle namalungelo okufinyelela, okhiye be-SSH, amathokheni e-API, nokunye.
Indawo ejwayelekile ye-DevOps inamathuluzi ahlukahlukene wonke adinga ukuphathwa kwawo okuyimfihlo.
Onjiniyela be-DevOps abanamakhono balawula, baqaphe, futhi bahlole amalungelo ahlukahlukene wokufinyelela amalungelo. Onjiniyela nabo kufanele bakuqaphele ubuthakathaka obungenzeka kukho kokubili uhlelo lokusebenza ngokwalo kanye nokuncika okuhlukahlukene elingathembela kukho.
6. Ukwakhiwa kwesistimu nokuhlinzekwa
Onjiniyela be-DevOps kufanele bakwazi ukuklama nokuphatha i-ecosystem yekhompyutha yenhlangano.
Onjiniyela bayazuza ekuqondeni inqubo yeNgqalasizinda njengeKhodi (IaC). I-IaC igxile ekwenzeni ukulungiselelwa nokuphathwa kwezikhungo zedatha yenethiwekhi yakho.
Amasevisi wamafu anikezela ngemishini ebonakalayo onjiniyela abangayisebenzisa ukuhlola izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza esikalini kusenesikhathi.
Lokhu kunganikeza onjiniyela isithombe esicacile sokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokucushwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezidingekayo ukuze kuqalise uhlelo lokusebenza uma luba bukhoma.
Ngokwesibonelo, Umphathi Wezinsiza ze-Azure inikeza isendlalelo sokuphatha esikuvumela ukuthi udale, ubuyekeze, futhi ususe izinsiza emafini.
7. Ukuxhumana Nokubambisana
Ukuze ifilosofi ye-DevOps isebenze enhlanganweni, iqembu ngalinye kufanele lamukele ukuxhumana nokubambisana okufanele.
I-DevOps ihlose ukususa "ama-silo" okuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe, lapho amaqembu ahlukene agxila engxenyeni yephrojekthi ehlobene nendima yawo. Ama-silo aholela ezindabeni zokuxhumana futhi amaqembu angase abe nezinjongo ezingalungile zephrojekthi okukhulunywa ngayo.
Unjiniyela we-DevOps kufanele amukele ukuxhumana okuvulekile nokusobala. Imihlangano evamile kanye nesisekelo solwazi esiqinile singasiza ekugcineni iqembu ngalinye ekhasini elifanayo.
Unjiniyela omkhulu we-DevOps usebenza kahle kakhulu lapho esebenzisana nabanye futhi uvulekele ukwabelana ngemicabango neziphakamiso zakhe nabanye.
Isiphetho
Izindima ze-DevOps zikhuphukile ekudumeni nasekufuneni. Onjiniyela be-DevOps ikakhulukazi badinga isethi yamakhono ehlukahlukene engase izwakale yethusa.
Yize indima inzima impela, noma ngubani onolwazi okungenani nengxenye eyodwa ye-DevOps angaqala ukuphishekela le ndima efiselekayo.
Ifilosofi eyinhloko ye-DevOps ikhuthaza isiko lokusebenzisana nokufunda okuqhubekayo.
Inqobo nje uma ubonisa uthando lokufunda ubuchwepheshe obusha, kanye nekhono lokulandelela izibopho ezihlanganisa imikhakha eminingi, unakho okudingekayo ukuze ube unjiniyela we-DevOps omuhle.
shiya impendulo