Selokhu yasungulwa, abenzi bamafilimu baye basebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze benze amafilimu amangalisayo.
Cabanga ngesikhathi uSteven Spielberg esebenzisa i-CGI ukuze akhohlise ababukeli bamafilimu ukuthi ama-dinosaurs ayaphila eJurassic Park ngo-1994.
Eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu kamuva, u-James Cameron wacwilisa izethameli ngezwe le-3D eligcwele le-Pandora ku-Avatar ka-2009.
Ubuchwepheshe sebuvele buguqule izinhlobo zezindaba ebesingazisho efilimini.
Kusukela ku-stop motion, ama-miniatures nama-animatronics, kancane kancane sijwayele ukusebenzisa ihluzo zekhompyutha ukuxoxa izindaba zethu. Abaningi bama-blockbuster banamuhla basebenzisa inhlanganisela yesikrini esiluhlaza, ukuthwebula ukunyakaza, ne-CGI ethuthukisiwe ukuze bathengise amaphupho abo.
Cabanga ngamafilimu afana ne-Dawn of the Planet of the Apes noma i-Guardians of the Galaxy— amamuvi lapho abanye babalingiswa bethu abakhulu beyi-CG ngokugcwele, kodwa lelo qiniso alisakuphazamisi endabeni.
Enye yentuthuko yakamuva ekwenzeni amafilimu ivela emthonjeni ongenakwenzeka— the umdlalo we video imboni.
Imidlalo yama-video, njengamafilimu, nayo iye yazuza entuthukweni yobuchwepheshe. Sihambe ibanga elide ukusuka e-Pong nase-Pac-Man, phela. Obunye bobuchwepheshe obungcono kakhulu obukhona bezithombe ze-photorealistic yi-Unreal Engine.
Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka i-Unreal Engine nokuthi ingashintsha kanjani indlela amafilimu enziwa ngayo.
Iyini Injini Engangokoqobo?
Unreal Engine iyinjini yomdlalo eyakhiwe yi-Epic Games. Ikhishwe okokuqala ngo-1998, iyisudi yamathuluzi okudala angasebenziseka mahhala okuthuthukisa umdlalo, ukubona ngeso, ukulingisa, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhathi sangempela.
I-Unreal Engine yaziwa ngamakhono ayo okufanekisa okufana nempilo nokukhanyisa. Imidlalo edumile eyenziwe kusetshenziswa i-Unreal Engine ihlanganisa i-Fortnite, i-BioShock, ne-Batman Arkham.
I-Unreal Engine futhi iza nemakethe yezimpahla ze-3D abadali bamageyimu evidiyo abangazisebenzisa emidlalweni yabo.
Imakethe ye-UE futhi iza nempahla yazo zonke izinhlobo zezimboni— izitudiyo zezindaba ezibonakalayo, amamodeli e-3D ezindiza nezimoto, kanye namaphakethe opopayi azo zonke izinhlobo zokunyakaza kwabantu.
Ngaphandle kwemidlalo yevidiyo, i-Unreal Engine isithandwa kakhulu ngabadidiyeli bamafilimu.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi injini ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ukukhiqiza kuhlanganyele kakhulu futhi kuphindaphindeke.
Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu?
Kuzodingeka sazi okwengeziwe mayelana nomqondo we ukukhiqizwa okubonakalayo.
I-Virtual Productions
Ukukhiqizwa okubonakalayo kubhekisela ekukhiqizeni okusizwa ngekhompiyutha okuhlukahlukene nezindlela zokubuka ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza amafilimu.
Leli gama livame ukusetshenziselwa ukuchaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-CGI nezinjini zegeyimu ukunika amandla abasebenzi bokukhiqiza ukuthi babone umkhiqizo oseduze nowamanqamu wesigcawu njengoba uthwetshulwa kusethiwe.
Imikhiqizo ebonakalayo ihlose ukuxazulula izinkinga ezimbalwa ezingatholakala ngokuvamile emikhiqizweni evamile.
Inqubo yendabuko ngokuvamile iwumugqa, efana nomugqa wokuhlanganisa. Ifilimu evamile idlula ekukhiqizweni kwangaphambili kulandelwa ukukhiqizwa, bese kulandelwa ukukhiqizwa kwangemuva.
Ukulungisa amaphutha noma ukwenza izinguquko zobuciko ezigcawini ezenziwe ekukhiqizweni kuba eqolo futhi kuzonweba ubude besikhathi ifilimu ekuso ngemuva kokukhiqizwa. Umuntu angabheka izinguqulo ezahlukene zeJustice League ukuze abone ukuthi izithombe ezifanayo cingasetshenziswa ngezindlela ezahlukene kakhulu.
Ukukhiqizwa okubonakalayo kususa ukungaqiniseki enqubweni yokukhiqiza ngokudala ukuphindaphinda okunemininingwane eminingi yalokho okufanele kube umkhiqizo wokugcina.
Isibonelo, i ukubona kusengaphambili okwezimo ezishisayo ku-Avengers Ukuphela komdlalo kwanikezwa kusasele iminyaka eminingi, kunikeza abasebenzi isikhathi esanele sokuhlela indlela yokuqopha isiqephu ngenqwaba yabalingisi bohlu lwe-A abadingekayo.
I-Unreal Engine inika amandla izinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo ebonakalayo. Lokhu kusuka ekuthwebuleni ukunyakaza, i-previs, ukuhlola okubonakalayo, ukuya emikhiqizweni ebonakalayo yekhamera.
Njengokuthi amabhodi wezindaba asiza kanjani abaqondisi ukuhlela ukulandelana kwemicimbi ye-movie. I-Unreal Engine ingasiza ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukukhanya, i-cinematoigrafu, nemiphumela ekhethekile ngaphambi kokuthi ukukhiqizwa kuqale.
Esigabeni esilandelayo, sizohlola ukuthi i-Unreal Engine inethemba lokunikeza kanjani amandla abenzi bamafilimu ngokukhiqiza okubonakalayo okuhamba phambili.
Injini Engangokoqobo Nokwenza Amafilimu
Inkampani engumzali ye-Unreal Engine i-Epic isivele ikholise abadidiyeli be-TV nabamamuvi abambalwa ukuthi baqale ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe babo ukukhiqiza izinhlelo zabo.
Ithuluzi le-Sequencer lenjini linikeza abenzi befilimu ikhono lokukhohlisa izinto, abalingisi, namakhamera endaweni ebonakalayo.
Isici esibulalayo esine-Sequencer ukuthi iyakwazi ukubuka kuqala ukulandelana kwesinema ngesikhathi sangempela.
Uchungechunge oludumile lwe-Disney+ I-Mandalorian isebenzise udonga olubukhoma lwe-LED esikhundleni sesikrini esiluhlaza. Lokhu kusetha okukhulu kwaziwa ngokuthi i-Volume futhi kuyingxenye yesethi enkulu yobuchwepheshe ngokuhlanganyela eyaziwa ngokuthi i-StageCraft.
Iqalwe yi-ILM (yodumo lwe-Star Wars), I-StageCraft iyisixazululo sokuphela ukuya ekupheleni esisekela zonke izici zokukhiqiza okubonakalayo.
I-StageCraft ihlose ukuhlanganisa amasethi asebenzayo nabalingisi abanezizinda ezibonakalayo.
I-Unreal Engine inikezela ngalezi sizinda sangempela ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kunikeza abenzi befilimu inkululeko yokuguqula noma iyiphi ingxenye yesigcawu phakathi nokushutha kwangempela.
Umqondisi angase ahlole isikhathi sosuku, noma ukubekwa kwezintaba ngemuva. Abalingisi banganikeza ama-performance amaningi njengoba bengenaso nje isikrini esiluhlaza esingasibukela kude.
I-Stagecraft empeleni yenza kube lula ukuqopha izigcawu eziningi ngewindi lesikhathi esifushane. Iqeda isidingo sokudubula endaweni. Ku-Mandalorian, abalingisi bebengadingi ukuya ogwadule langempela ukuyoshutha.
Ukwakha isethi yesihlabathi esisebenzayo ngodonga lwe-LED olunezithombe njengengemuva bekwanele ukulidayisela izethameli. Ukuthwebula kabusha nakho bekungabizi kakhulu njengoba okudingeka ukwenze ukuvula isethi ye-StageCraft futhi.
Izibonelo ze-Unreal Engine kuFilimu ne-TV
I-Mandalorian
I-Mandalorian yasebenzisa i-StageCraft ukuze idale inani elikhulu lamasethi esiqephu sezigcawu ochungechungeni.
Njengoba ingemuva lingamamodeli angempela esingawashintsha ngesikhathi sangempela, ingemuva elibonakalayo likunikeza ukulawula okungaphezu kokuthwebula endaweni.
Game of Thrones
Isizini yesi-8 edume kabi ye-Game of Thrones ngokungangabazeki ibigcwele ukulandelana kwe-CG.
Ngaphambi kokuthi kwenzeke noma yikuphi ukukhiqizwa, i-HBO yasebenza nayo Isitezi Sesithathu ukuze udale amasethi abonakalayo angasiza ithimba lombukiso ukuhlela izigcawu zalo zesenzo.
Amasethi abonakalayo avumele ithimba ukuthi libe nezingxoxo kusenesikhathi mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele ifake esinqumweni sokugcina.
Iqembu lize lasebenzisa amahedisethi e-VR ukuze lihlele ukuthwebula okuhlukile okudingekayo, kuze kube yilapho ikhamera ibekwe khona kanye nokuthi iyiphi ilensi okufanele isetshenziswe.
Amafilimu amafushane azimele
Amandla e-Unreal Engine awasetshenziswa imikhiqizo emikhulu yaseHollywood kuphela. Abenzi bamafilimu abahlukahlukene abazimele basebenzisa ukukhishwa kwakamuva kwe-Unreal Engine ukuze basunduze imingcele yalokho ongakufeza ngesabelomali esilinganiselwe.
Isibonelo, umculi we-VFX uSava Zivkovic ubonisa amandla enjini kufilimu yakhe emfushane Irradiation.
Ikusasa le-Unreal Engine
UKim Libreri, oyisikhulu sezobuchwepheshe kwa-Epic, uthi i-Unreal Engine ingase yenze indlela yayo ekudaleni okuhlangenwe nakho kwemuvi eyenzelwe umsebenzisi.
“Asikho isizathu sokuthi, eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, ifilimu yopopayi ingeke ibe yinto efunwa kakhulu futhi ekhiqizwe kumakhalekhukhwini wakho ngokukhetha kwakho okukhethekile, njengengubo yenkosazana oyithengele ingane yakho iyona. uzobona ifilimu,” kusho uLibreri.
"Abantu bazoqala ukubona amandla ezithombe zesikhathi sangempela futhi sizoqala ukubona ulwazi oluthe xaxa, olunobuntu, oluhlelekayo."
Ngokukhishwa okuzayo kwe- I-Unreal Engine 5, lokho injini ekwaziyo kuyokwandisa kuphela. Amademo ezobuchwepheshe afana nokusebenzisana kwe-Epic Games ne-Matrix, abonisa ukuthi izithombe ezingokoqobo ezifana nempilo ezinikezwe ngesikhathi sangempela seziseduze lapha.
Isiphetho
Into emangalisayo nge-Unreal Engine ukuthi kumahhala ngokuphelele ukuqala. Ungathola ngisho nesifundo samahhala Ukwenziwa Kwefilimu Okuzimele nge-Unreal Engine esizeni sabo esisemthethweni.
Amafilimu amafushane enziwe Unreal Engine khombisa isithembiso esikhulu. Izisebenzi zokukhiqiza ezincane zingakha imisebenzi yobuciko emangalisayo ngaphandle kokudinga isabelomali sefilimu yakamuva ye-Marvel noma ye-Pixar.
shiya impendulo