Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
Lapho uphequlula i-inthanethi, umuntu uvamise ukuhlangana nezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu, okungamabhizinisi ashukumisayo anengxube yezici ezisebenzisanayo nezixhumi ezibonakalayo ezigxile kumsebenzisi.
Lezi zinhlelo, ezivamise ukufushaniswa zibe izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu, zihlala kumaseva kodwa zidansa ezikrinini zabasebenzisi, zinikeza ucezu lwendawo yedijithali ngendlela enhle, efinyelelekayo.
Kodwa-ke, ukuhumusha kwabo ezisekelweni eziningi kuvame ukuhluleka. Indaba yesikhathi sokusebenza somdabu iza lapha, njengeqhawe langemuva eliqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kohlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu akuxhomekile kudivayisi yomsebenzisi.
Inkulumo ethi "isikhathi sokusebenza somdabu" ingase ibonakale njenge-jargon yobuchwepheshe kuwe manje. Izisekelo zayo ziqondile, noma kunjalo: yindawo yakho uhlelo lokusebenza lewebhu ukuphila, ukusebenza, kanye nokuxhumana.
Isikhathi sokusebenza somdabu siqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu lusebenza ngokungenasici kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa, njenge-Windows, iOS, ne-Android, luhlinzeka ngolwazi lomsebenzisi oluhlanganisiwe.
Yilapho umqondo wesikhathi sokusebenza somdabu we-cross-platform ufika kowawo. Akumele ulawulwe kuphela umbukiso, kodwa kumele uphathwe ngendlela engenasici, kuzo zonke izigaba, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Kunezizathu eziningana zesikhathi sokusebenza esinjalo. Isikhathi sokusebenza se-cross-platform sibalulekile ukuze wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluku-inthanethi alubambezeli lapho ushintsha usuka ku-Android uye ku-iPhone emhlabeni lapho isivinini nokungaguquguquki kuyiyo yonke into.
Umgomo uwukwenza lula ulwazi lomsebenzisi kuzo zonke izinkundla ngokunciphisa ama-kinks kanye nezikhathi zokulinda.
Kwethulwa i-Capacitor, i-appendage yedijithali ye izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu. Ngokugxila ezinhlelweni zokusebenza eziku-inthanethi, i-Capacitor isikhathi sokusebenza somdabu esinezingxenyekazi eziningi esithembisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kuyo yonke ibhodi.
Onjiniyela badala ukuzizwisa kunokubhala nje ikhodi lapho besebenzisa i-Capacitor. Benza isiqiniseko sokuthi inguqulo ye-Android yohlelo lokusebenza lwewebhu isebenza ngentshiseko njenge-iPhone eyodwa.
Ngokusebenza njengesixhumanisi phakathi komhlaba oqinile, ohlelekile wezikhathi zokusebenza zomdabu kanye nomhlaba ohlukahlukene wezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu, i-capacitor idala ibhuloho.
Iqeda ukungaqiniseki ngokunikeza inkundla ezinzile nethembekile ukuze izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu zisebenze.
Indaba yezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ayisaphathelene "nokwethemba" ukuthi zisebenza kahle kuwo wonke amapulatifomu ngenxa ye-Capacitor. Isihluthulelo "ukuqinisekisa" iyakwenza.
Umgomo uwukunikeza okungaguquguquki, okungenazihibe, nokujabulisayo ulwazi lwedijithali kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi idivayisi oyisebenzisayo. Kuyisinyathelo esiya emhlabeni wedijithali lapho “inkundla ephambanayo” isho isithembiso esikhundleni sesifiso.
Yilokho i-Capacitor emayelana nayo: iletha umhlaba lapho izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu zihlangene ngempela, zisikhulula emigomeni yokuncika kwenkundla futhi zingenise inkathi lapho konke ukuhlangana kungabikezelwa kodwa kujabulise.
Ngakho-ke, sizobe sifunda kabanzi ngama-capacitor kule ndatshana, kufaka phakathi izici zabo eziyinhloko, izinzuzo, ama-plugin, nokunye okuningi.
Isingeniso ku Umshayeli wemisebenzi
I-Capacitor ibonakala njengenkundla yokuya kulabo abafuna ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Web Native emhlabeni omatasa wokuthuthukiswa kwedijithali.
Isebenza njengesixhumanisi phakathi kwezisekelo zobuchwepheshe bewebhu kanye nokukhanga kwezinkundla zomdabu; kungaphezu nje kwethuluzi. Isikhathi sokusebenza somdabu somthombo ovulekile.
Lapho uhlolisiswa, i-capacitor iyisango elenza kube lula ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Web Native kunalezo ezikhawulelwe ku-inthanethi.
Ngokufinyelela okubanzi kwewebhu nokusebenza okuthembekile kwezinkundla zomdabu, lesi sigaba esiyingqayizivele sezinhlelo zokusebenza sijabulela okungcono kakhulu kuyo yomibili imihlaba.
Inweba indawo yayo yethonya kancane kancane, i-Capacitor yamukela amasistimu wokusebenza amakhulu amathathu: Izinhlelo zokusebenza Zewebhu Eziqhubekayo, i-Android, ne-iOS.
Iningi labasebenzisi be-inthanethi limelelwe yizo zontathu izinkundla, futhi ikhono le-Capacitor lokuzisebenzela zonke likhuluma kakhulu ngokuguquguquka kwayo kanye nefilosofi eqhubekayo.
Ukuba ngujeke wayo yonke imisebenzi yezandla akuwona umgomo; kunalokho, imayelana nokuphelelisa ubuciko bokusebenza okungenazihibe kukho konke lokhu kuthathu nokuqinisekisa ukuthi abathengi banesipiliyoni esingaguquki, esithakazelisayo kuzo zonke izinkundla.
Yini eyenza i-capacitor isebenze manje? Iqukethe i-JavaScript, i-HTML, ne-CSS, ubuchwepheshe obuthathu bewebhu obuyisisekelo. Lezi izisekelo okwakhiwe phezu kwazo iwebhu yesimanje, hhayi izilimi kuphela.
Ngokufaka izici ezibalulekile zesikhathi sokusebenza somdabu kulezi zinsika, i-Capacitor idala indawo eyenza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Web Native kube inqubo elula, eyenziwe lula kunokuthi ibe nzima.
Kubandakanya ukungeza i-twist yomdabu ezizindeni ezaziwayo nezifakazelwe ze-JavaScript, i-HTML, ne-CSS, yingakho kwandiswe amathuba kubo bobabili abathuthukisi nabathengi.
Uhambo luyashintsha nge-Capacitor kusukela ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ekudaleni ulwazi lwe-Web Native. Naphezu kokufiphala kokulandisa kwemingcele ye-inthanethi neyomdabu, izinzuzo zombili zenkundla ziyabonakala.
Umgomo uwukunikeza onjiniyela ngamathuluzi afanelekile nendawo ezungezile ukuze bakwazi ukubona imibono yabo ngaphandle komthungo kuzo zonke izinkundla.
Izici ezibalulekile ze-Capacitor
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Universal:
Onjiniyela bangadweba imibono yabo yedijithali kusisekelo esiqinile esiyi-capacitor. Lesi sizinda sinikeza impilo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza eziku-inthanethi ze-iOS, i-Android, kanye ne-Progressive online Apps (PWAs).
Umqondo oyinhloko kulesi simo ukutholakala kwendawo yonke: amandla okuvala imingcele yesikhulumi futhi unikeze ulwazi lomsebenzisi olungaguquki, oluhlangene yonke indawo.
Uma utshuza endaweni ye-Capacitor, awugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza; kunalokho, uthuthukisa ibhizinisi ledijithali elingaba khona ku-smartphone ye-Android, i-iPhone, noma Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lwewebhu Oluqhubekayo.
Ikhanvasi lapha inkulu, kodwa ukulandisa kubunye—isipiliyoni somsebenzisi esingenazihibe kungakhathaliseki inkundla.
Ukufinyelela Komdabu:
I-Capacitor iyi-maestro-level maestro ku-orchestra yedijithali, eqhuba ngobuciko i-symphony yama-SDK omdabu.
Ukufinyelela okuphelele kwe-SDK yoMdabu akusona isici; kunalokho, iyingosi eyenza abathuthukisi bakwazi ukuxhumana nomhlaba wendabuko futhi basebenzise zonke izici ezitholakala endawenikazi abaletha kuyo.
Konke kuza ekukhulumeni nenkundla, ukwazi ubuqili bayo, nokuklama uhlelo lokusebenza ngendlela yokuthi lusebenze kahle nama-SDK omdabu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthunyelwa kuyindlela yenqola embaxambili kunokuba umgwaqo oya endaweni eyodwa.
Ngokusebenzisa i-Capacitor, unganweba ukufinyelela kwakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi isofthiwe yakho ibonakala kubasebenzisi yonke indawo ngokuyisabalalisa hhayi ezitolo zezinhlelo zokusebenza kuphela kodwa nakuwebhu.
Ama-PWA omdabu:
Isiqongo sokuthuthukiswa kwe-inthanethi kwesimanje, Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-inthanethi eziqhubekayo (ama-PWAs) zihlanganisa ukusebenza kohlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko nokufinyeleleka kwewebhu.
Ngokuhlanganisa izici zomdabu eziyingqayizivele kuma-PWA nge-Plugin API yayo, i-Capacitor inweba kule ndaba. Kuyinhlanganisela evuselelayo nenika amandla.
Ukwengeza, amandla okusebenza nama-plugin e-Cordova athuthukisa le ndaba ngokunikeza abathuthukisi ukufinyelela kumcebo wama-plugin enziwe ngaphambilini.
Ukudala i-PWA yomdabu, ibhizinisi ledijithali elisabela kokubili kuwebhu futhi elinamandla ekusebenzeni kwayo komdabu, kubaluleke kakhulu kunokudala i-PWA.
Ukuqala nge-Capacitor
Ukuhlanganiswa Nezinhlelo Zokusebenza Zewebhu Ezikhona
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Capacitor nezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza zewebhu zamanje isinyathelo sokuqala. Imiyalo embalwa eqondile iqala le nqubo. Yethula isixhumi esibonakalayo somugqa womyalo, bese ufaka:
Udlulisela isimemo ku-Capacitor ukuthi ijoyine iphrojekthi yakho ngale miyalo, ubeka isisekelo sokusebenzisana okuphumelelayo. Manje sekudingekile ukuqalisa i-capacitor kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Uhlobo:
Manje njengoba i-capacitor isiqalile, izici zayo zesikhathi sokusebenza zingathuthukisa uhlelo lwakho lwewebhu.
Ifaka ama-Native Platform
Manje sekuyisikhathi sokunweba uhlelo lwakho kumapulatifomu omdabu njengoba ufake i-capacitor kuphrojekthi yakho. Okokuqala, ake sixoxe nge-iOS. Iziyalezo zakho zilindwe umugqa womyalo:
Manje yisikhathi sokuthi isofthiwe yakho ingene emakethe ye-iOS. Iya ku-Android manje. Ibuyela kutheminali:
Manje, uhlelo lwakho lungaxoxa naku-Android. Uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluku-inthanethi manje lungatholakala ku-iOS ne-Android, lunwebe umkhathizwe walo.
Ukufinyelela kanye Nokwelula ama-API Omdabu
I-Capacitor iwumnyango wokusebenzelana nama-API omdabu kanye nokwandisa ukusebenza kohlelo lwakho esizindeni somdabu, hhayi nje ibhuloho eliya ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Manje usungasebenzisa izici zedivayisi ezivamile njengokufinyelela kwekhamera, i-geolocation, nezaziso zasendaweni. I-Capacitor ikwenza kube lula ukusebenzisana nalawa ma-API omdabu, ivale igebe phakathi kwewebhu nendabuko, futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho inothile futhi iguquguquka.
Isibonelo, ukufaka izici zekhamera,
ukubuyisela i-geolocation,
futhi ukuletha izexwayiso zendawo kuba yizinqubo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Imayelana nokunikeza uhlelo lwakho lwewebhu amandla omdabu kanye nokwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi kuyo yonke ingxenyekazi abasebenzisi bakho banolwazi olucebile futhi oluhehayo.
I-Cross-Platform Core Native Plugins
Ukubaluleka kwama-plugin omdabu we-cross-platform ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lokusebenza ngeke kugcizelelwe. Lawa ma-plugin asebenza njengamaphoyinti okuxhumana phakathi komhlaba omkhulu wezinhlelo zokusebenza eziku-inthanethi kanye nokusebenza okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezinkundla zomdabu.
Ake sibheke amanye ama-plugin abaluleke kakhulu ashintsha indlela onjiniyela abasondela ngayo ekuthuthukisweni kohlelo lokusebenza lwezingxenyekazi eziningi:
Ikhamera
I-plugin yekhamera ibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukuthwebula isithombe noma ukuqoshwa kwevidiyo. Le plugin ivumela ukuxhumana okulula namakhamera wedivayisi, noma ngabe okokulayisha izithombe zephrofayela, ukuskena amadokhumenti, noma ukuzizwisa okungokoqobo okungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona.
Uhlelo lwefayela
Izinhlelo eziningi zidinga ukugcinwa nokubuyiswa kwamadokhumenti, izithombe, namanye amafa. I-plugin yesistimu yefayela yenza kube lula ukusebenzisana nezinhlelo zamafayela omdabu, okuvumela izinhlelo ukuthi zigcine kalula, zifunde, futhi zilawule izinto zomsebenzisi.
I-geolocation
Kusukela ekwabelaneni ngokugibela ukuya ekubikezelweni kwesimo sezulu, izinsiza ezisuselwe endaweni ziphakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingenakubalwa. Ukuze uthuthukise ulwazi lomsebenzisi, i-plugin ye-geolocation iletha idatha enembile yendawo yedivayisi yomsebenzisi, ithwebula izici ezifana ne-latitude nobude.
I-Accelerometer
I-plugin ye-accelerometer iwushintsho lomdlalo wezinhlelo ezidinga ukubona ukunyakaza kwedivayisi noma ukuzungezisa. Isebenzisa izinzwa zedivayisi ukuze ithole izinguquko kusivinini, inike amandla amageyimu asekelwe ku-tilt nokulandelela umsebenzi.
Izaziso
Ukugcinwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuncike ekugcineni abasebenzisi benentshisekelo ngezaziso ezifika ngesikhathi nezikhumbuzi. Ukuze ugcine abasebenzisi benolwazi futhi benentshisekelo, onjiniyela bangakwazi ukuphatha susa izaziso kusuka kumaseva noma hlela izaziso zendawo usebenzisa i-plugin yezaziso.
Amanethiwekhi
Kubalulekile ukubeka iso ekuthuthukisweni kwenethiwekhi kule nkathi yokuxhumana okuqhubekayo. Izinhlelo zokusebenza manje zingakwazi ukubona izinguquko ekuxhumekeni nasemandleni ngenxa ye-plugin yenethiwekhi, evula umnyango wokuzizwisa okuqinile kohlelo lokusebenza ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
Ama-Haptics
Nge-plugin ye-haptics, manje sekungenzeka ukuthuthukisa ukusebenzisana komsebenzisi ngempendulo ethintekayo. Iyathuthukisa indawo yomsebenzisi ngokuletha impendulo ebonakalayo ngokusebenzisa izici ze-haptic zamagajethi wesimanje.
Ama-plugin angokwezifiso
Kwesinye isikhathi, amakhambi athengwa esitolo awanele. Lokhu kubonwa yi-CapacitorJS, eyenza abahleli bezinhlelo bakwazi ukudala ama-plugin ahlukile. Ngokuvumelana kwawo okungenakuqhathaniswa, lawa ma-plugin angahlanganisa ama-SDK ezinkampani zangaphandle noma afinyelele imisebenzi ekhethekile.
Izinzuzo ze-Capacitor
I-Capacitor iyancomeka ngamandla ayo okwenza lula izinqubo zokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokusebenza futhi ivame ukubukwa njengebhuloho phakathi kwezwe eliku-inthanethi nelomdabu.
Ubulula abathuthukisi abangakha ngabo i-codebase eyodwa esebenza ngokungenasici ezisekelweni ezimbalwa kungenye yezinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko.
Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu isikhathi esidingekayo sokuthuthukiswa kanye nokwenzeka kokukhubazeka, okuvamise ukuba khona kukhodi eqondene nenkundla ethile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo yokufinyelela okuqondile kuma-API omdabu ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lungasebenzisa ngokugcwele amakhono wedivayisi olusebenza kuyo.
Ukusebenzisana kwayo okungenazihibe nezinhlaka ezaziwayo ezifana ne-Angular, i-Vue, ne-React kuyenza ibe inketho evumelana nezimo emaqenjini athuthukayo esimanje.
Imikhawulo ye-Capacitor
Nakuba i-Capacitor isiza ukuthuthukiswa kwenkundla ehlukene, ukusebenza kwayo kungase kungafani njalo nalokho kwezinhlelo zomdabu.
Ukwethulwa kwayo kwesendlalelo se-abstraction ngezinye izikhathi kungase kubangele ukwehla kokusebenza, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuwona wonke amakhono omdabu atholakalayo, nakuba inikeza indlela yokuwafinyelela. Lokhu kungase kudinge ukuqashwa kwama-plugin engeziwe noma imijovo yekhodi yomdabu.
Lokhu kungase kuphambuke ekuthandeni kokuqala kokulula futhi kube nzima inqubo yokuthuthukisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphakathi we-Capacitor uyakhula, nakuba uhamba kancane kunezinye izinhlaka, ezingase zibe nomthelela ekutholakaleni kwemitapo yolwazi yezinkampani zangaphandle nokusekelwa.
Isiphetho
Kuyacaca ukuthi i-Capacitor izenzele igama elikhulu uma icubungula indlela yayo kanye nesikhundla samanje embonini yentuthuko.
Konjiniyela abaningi, isithembiso sokuthuthukisa umuzwa wohlelo olungenazihibe we-cross-platform sesifezeke.
Isusa ezinye zezithiyo ezijwayelekile okuhlangatshezwane nazo uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula ukuthuthukiswa ngokunikeza indlela yokukhulisa imisebenzi yedivayisi yomdabu kuyilapho kugcinwa i-codebase eyodwa.
Kuwukuhlakanipha ukuqaphela ukuthi kungase kungabi yisixazululo esiphelele sawo wonke umsebenzi, noma kunjalo.
Kufanele kuqashelwe izinkinga zokusebenza ezingavamile kanye nokuntuleka kokusekelwa okuqinile komphakathi.
Ukwengeza, isidingo sama-plugin engeziwe noma ikhodi yomdabu yokuhlinzeka ngokusebenza okuthile singase sisuke endleleni yokuthuthukisa ehloselwe ekuqaleni.
Nokho, ukusebenzisana kwayo okungenazihibe nezinhlaka ezisetshenziswa kabanzi kanye nemizamo eqhubekayo yokuvala igebe phakathi kwewebhu nezinkundla zomdabu kuyancomeka.
Inikeza inhlanganisela yokusebenziseka kalula nokusebenza endaweni yokuhlela ye-cross-platform, i-Capacitor ihlala iyinketho esebenzayo yonjiniyela abaningana ngenxa yokwanda komphakathi kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo.
shiya impendulo