Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
- I-Artificial Intelligence kanye ne-Autism
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-AI ekuxilongweni nasekwelashweni kwe-Autism
I-Digital Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications+-
- I-Naturalistic Observation Diagnostic Assessment (NODA)
- I-SocialMind Autism
- Umdali omusha we-SocialMind autism, uDkt. Sagiv Friedgut, uguqule indlela esibhekana ngayo nokwelashwa kwe-autism ngokusebenzisa amandla obuchwepheshe.
- Uhlelo lwakhe lwe-telehealth lusiza abazali bezingane ezine-autistic ukuba bafundise izingane zabo ngamakhono abalulekile okuxhumana besebenzisa ukwelapha okusekelwe ebufakazini.
- Izinhlelo Zokuxhumana
- Imikhawulo ye-AI ekwelapheni i-Autism
- Isiphetho
I-AI isheshise ikusasa, futhi usuku alukude lapho sizosebenzisa i-AI kuzo zonke izici zokuphila kwethu.
I-AI ikhombise intuthuko ethembisayo ekuxilongeni nasekwelapheni ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha okufana ne-autism eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Izinsuku zidlule isikhathi lapho ukuxilongwa kwe-autism kwengane kudinga izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka yokubhekwa, ukuhlolwa, nokuhlolwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha.
I-AI manje isingakwazi ukuhlonza ukuxilonga ngamahora noma ngisho nemizuzu, ivumela ukungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokwelapha okuyimpumelelo.
Nokho, isithembiso se-AI ekwelapheni i-autism sidlulela ngale kokuxilongwa okulula. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone ezisekelwe ku-AI, abantu abane-autism manje banokufinyelela ekwelashweni komuntu ngamunye kanye nokwesekwa ezandleni zabo.
Kungenzeka sibone ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisezingeni eliphezulu neziyimpumelelo ze-autism njengoba i-AI ithuthuka, ivula indlela yekusasa elingcono kubantu abakwi-autistic spectrum kanye nemindeni yabo. Ngakho-ke ake sivule izimfihlakalo ze-AI ne-autism kulesi sihloko!
I-Artificial Intelligence kanye ne-Autism
Ezimweni eziningi ze-autism, ukuxilongwa ukubambezeleka kunciphisa amathuba okuphumelela kwengane. Cabanga ngomphakathi lapho abantu abaku-autism spectrum bebonakala ngokushesha futhi belashwa ngendlela ephumelelayo ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela (AI). Ngale ndlela, ukubambezeleka kungagwenywa ngokwethula amathuluzi okuxilonga anamandla e-AI.
Ukufunda okujulile Amasistimu e-AI angabona amaphethini nokuziphatha okungase kube izimpawu ze-autism, okungaholela ekuxilongweni okushesha nokunembe kakhudlwana. Kungase kusho ukuthi ukwelashwa nokwelashwa kuyatholakala kusenesikhathi, okwenza abantu babone amandla abo aphelele.
Indawo ye-autism iguqula i-AI ngezindlela eziningi kunokuxilongwa nje. Isofthiwe eqhutshwa yi-AI ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukunikeza usizo lomuntu ngamunye kanye nokwelashwa ezidingweni ezithile zomuntu ngamunye ku-autism spectrum.
Cabanga ngomntwana osemusha eprakthiza amakhono okuxhumana nabantu ohlelweni lwento engekho ngokoqobo noma i-chatbot ene-AI enikeza imfundo nokusekelwa ngokomzwelo.
Lezi zindlela ezisezingeni eliphezulu zingaguqula indlela esingasiza ngayo abantu abane-autism, zibenze bathole amazinga aphezulu empumelelo. I-AI ingakwazi ukuthuthukisa izimpilo zezigidi zabantu abane-autism, ivule indlela yekusasa elingcono lawo wonke umuntu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-AI ekuxilongweni nasekwelashweni kwe-Autism
Indlela eya ekuxilongweni kwe-autism ingaba yinde futhi ibe nzima, futhi ukubambezeleka kungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. I-AI ingashintsha ngokuphelele indlela esixilonga ngayo i-autism, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ezimeni lapho kunzima khona ukubona izimpawu zokuqala zesimo.
Amathuluzi okuxilonga anamandla e-AI angase asize ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa noma agqamise isidingo sokuhlola okwengeziwe ngokuhlaziya umthamo omkhulu wedatha nokuthola amaphethini angase angabonakali ngokushesha kubahloli abangabantu. Ngemuva kokuxilongwa ngempumelelo futhi kusenesikhathi, i-autism ingelashwa nge-AI kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene:
- Ukwelashwa komuntu ngamunye: I-AI ingasiza ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokwelashwa eziqondene nawe zezingane ezine-ASD ngokuhlaziya umlando wazo wezokwelapha, idatha yofuzo, nedatha yokuziphatha. Ama-algorithm wokufunda ngomshini ingahlonza izindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zengane ngayinye ngokusekelwe ezicini zayo ezihlukile.
- Ukumodela okuqagelayo: I-AI ingasiza ukubikezela imiphumela yezinketho ezahlukene zokwelapha zezingane ezine ASD. Ama-algorithms okufunda ngomshini angahlaziya idatha evela ezigulini zangaphambili ukuze athole ukuthi iziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kumasethi angaphansi ahlukene eziguli.
- Ukuhlaziywa kokuziphatha: I-AI ingasiza ekuhlaziyeni amaphethini okuziphatha ezinganeni ezine ASD ukuze zihlonze izindawo ezithile zobunzima, njengokusebenzelana komphakathi noma ukuxhumana. Ama-algorithms okufunda ngomshini angahlaziya ukurekhodwa kwevidiyo yokuziphatha kwezingane ukuze kuhlonzwe amaphethini abonisa i-ASD.
- Abasizi be-Virtual: Abasizi bangempela abanamandla e-AI bangasiza ukusekela izingane ezine-ASD nemindeni yazo ngokunikeza izincomo eziqondene nawe kanye nokwesekwa. Isibonelo, abasizi be-virtual bangaphakamisa imisebenzi yomphakathi engasiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono omphakathi.
Kunjalo, kunemibuzo ephathelene nokuziphatha kokusebenzisa i-AI ku-autism, njenganoma yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obusha. Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo ezingaba khona ze-AI kulesi sihloko ziyamangaza, ngokusetshenziswa okufanele nokugxila ezidingweni zabantu abane-autism spectrum disorders.
I-Digital Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications
Ukuphishekela ukusebenzisa i-AI ukuxilonga nokwelapha i-autism kuyaqhubeka nokuphusha imvilophu yalokho okusebenzayo.
Nge-software ye-smartphone evumela abazali ukuthi bahlolele izingane zabo i-autism ngaphandle kokudinga umhloli oqeqeshiwe, i-Cognoa, esePalo Alto, eCalifornia, enkabeni yeSilicon Valley, ihamba phambili kulolu hlelo.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zedijithali zokuxilonga nezokwelashwa zihlola izimpendulo nokuziphatha kwengane ngokuhlanganisa imibuzo enezinketho eziningi nokuhlaziywa kwevidiyo. Nakuba i-AI iyingxenye ebalulekile yenqubo yokuhlola, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ayikwazi ukuthatha indawo yokuxilongwa okufanelekayo.
- Abazali bangakwazi ukuhlola izingane zabo ezincane nge-autism, okuholela ekuhlonzweni nasekulashweni kusenesikhathi. Kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi ukungenelela kusenesikhathi kuthuthukisa imiphumela yezingane ezine-autistic.
- Abazali bangayithola ifinyeleleka kalula, futhi abazali akusadingeki bahambe amabanga amade ukuze babe nokuhlolwa kwe-autism.
- Izinhlelo zokusebenza zisebenzisa i-AI ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuhlola kuyafana futhi akuguquki phakathi kwabasebenzisi, kwehlisa amathuba okucwasa kanye namaphutha omuntu.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinikwe amandla yi-AI ekuhlonzweni nasekulashweni kwe-autism zinamandla amakhulu ekusasa ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo nokuthuthuka.
I-Naturalistic Observation Diagnostic Assessment (NODA)
NODA iyisibonelo esiyinhloko sokuxilongwa kwedijithali kwe-autism. Abazali manje bangathumela amavidiyo ezingane zabo ukuze axilongwe bekude.
Inkampani yase-Boise, e-Idaho ihola indlela ngendlela yokusika ehlanganisa amandla e-AI nemibono yokubhekwa kwemvelo; Ukuhlola Ukuxilonga Kokubhekwa Kwemvelo; le ndlela emisha ivumela odokotela ukuba babheke izingane endaweni yazo yemvelo, babambe izinkomba ezibalulekile zokuziphatha ezingase ziphuthelwe esimweni somtholampilo kakhudlwana.
Ngokuhlaziya lawa mavidiyo, odokotela bangenza ukuxilonga okunembe kakhudlwana futhi banikeze ukungenelela okuklanyelwe okuhlangabezana nezidingo eziyingqayizivele zengane ngayinye.
Umlingo wangempela uyenzeka lapho i-AI ingena esithombeni. I-Behaviour imaging ihamba phambili ekuthuthukiseni amasistimu afana ne-AI angaqapha ngokunembile futhi ahlukanise ukuziphatha.
Nakuba lawa ma-algorithms engeke azihlole wona ngokwawo, angaxwayisa odokotela ngokuziphatha okuthile okungenzeka ukuthi akunakwanga ngenye indlela.
I-SocialMind Autism
Umdali omusha we I-SocialMind Autism, uDkt. Sagiv Friedgut, uguqule indlela esibhekana ngayo nokwelashwa kwe-autism ngokusebenzisa amandla obuchwepheshe.
Uhlelo lwakhe lwe-telehealth luyasiza abazali bezingane ezine-autistic bafundisa izingane zabo ngamakhono abalulekile okuxhumana besebenzisa ukwelapha okusekelwe ebufakazini.
Isebenzisa i-cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) kanye namasu okuhlaziya ukuziphatha (ABA) ukusiza izingane kanye nentsha ene-autism ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuxhumana nabantu futhi ithuthukise ukuxhumana kwabo komphakathi.
Lolu hlelo luqukethe izikhathi zomuntu ngamunye nomelaphi oqeqeshiwe osebenzisa amasu asekelwe ebufakazini ukuze asize ingane noma osemusha ukuthi afunde futhi asebenzise amakhono okuxhumana nabantu endaweni ehlelekile nesekelayo.
Umelaphi usebenza nengane noma osemusha ukuze ahlonze imigomo ethile yomphakathi futhi adale uhlelo lokwelapha lomuntu siqu ukuze afeze lezo zinhloso.
I-SocialMind Autism igxile ezindaweni ezimbalwa zokuthuthukiswa komphakathi, okuhlanganisa:
- Amakhono okuxhumana: Lolu hlelo lufundisa izingane kanye nentsha ene ASD indlela yokuxhumana nabanye ngempumelelo, okuhlanganisa nendlela yokuqalisa nokugcina izingxoxo, ukusebenzisa ulimi lomzimba olufanele, kanye nokuhumusha izinkomba zomphakathi.
- Ukwazi komphakathi: Lolu hlelo lusiza izingane kanye nentsha ene ASD ukuthi iqonde imicabango, imizwa, kanye nezinhloso zabanye futhi libafundise indlela yokwenza imibono kanye nezibikezelo zomphakathi.
- Ukulawulwa kwemizwa: Lolu hlelo lusiza izingane kanye nentsha ene ASD ukuthi ifunde ukulawula imizwa yayo nokuqonda imizwa yabanye.
- Ukuxazulula izinkinga zomphakathi: Lolu hlelo lufundisa izingane kanye nentsha ene ASD indlela yokubona nokuxazulula izinkinga zomphakathi, okuhlanganisa ukungqubuzana kontanga nokungaqondi.
I-SocialMind Autism iphinde inikeze ukuqeqeshwa kwabazali ukusiza abazali basekele intuthuko yezenhlalakahle yengane yabo ekhaya nasemphakathini.
Izinhlelo Zokuxhumana
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana I-Proloquo2Go, Verbose, kanye ne-Receptive ama-software anamandla e-AI anolwazi futhi anozwela avumelanisa izindlela zawo nokuthuthukiswa kwengane ngayinye ukuze akwazi ukuxhumana ngempumelelo.
Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zihlola ngokucophelela amavidiyo wabazali ezikhathi zokwelashwa kwezingane zabo ekhaya, zisesha lezo zikhathi eziyigugu lapho ingane izama ukuxhumana nomhlaba wangaphandle.
Uhlelo lungabikezela ukuthi kunini lapho ingane engase izame khona ukuxhumana futhi ingase imkhuthaze ngobumnene ngokuwaqonda kahle amaphethini okuziphatha kwengane.
Inikeza abazali bayo izeluleko nesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe njengoba ingane yenza izinyathelo zayo zokuqala zokungabaza ekukhulumeni. Abazali bangenza izingane zabo zikwazi ukubona amandla azo aphelele ngokusebenzisa amasu akhethekile afanele izimfuneko zengane ngayinye.
Lo mlingani wolimi othakazelisayo uyashintsha nengane ngayinye, ngokwamandla ayo nezinkinga, ngenxa yamandla okufunda okujulile. Futhi njengoba lezi zingane zikhula futhi zichuma, ziphenduka zibe izibani zogqozi nethemba, zivula indlela yekusasa elithembisayo nelihlanganisayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Robotic Autism
Ukuxhumana komphakathi kungase kube isipiliyoni esiyinselele nesicindezelayo kulabo abane-autism. Ukwenza nokugcina ukuxhumana okunenjongo kungase kube inselele ngenxa yezidingo zokuxhumana nabantu kanye nokukhubazeka kwezinzwa, izinkinga zokuxhumana, nezinkinga zokunaka.
Ukuthuthukiswa nokuqeqeshwa kwamarobhothi ukuze asebenzisane nezingane ze-autistic kungenye yezindlela ezithokozisayo zokusetshenziswa kwe-AI ekwelashweni kwe-autism. Lawa marobhothi ahlinzeka izingane ezine-autism ngendawo ephephile nekhuthazayo lapho zingajwayela ukufunda amasignali omphakathi, ukuxoxa nabantu, kanye nokubona isimo sobuso.
Basiza ekuvaleni igebe phakathi kwezidingo zomphakathi zamazwe angaphandle kanye nezithiyo ze-autism ngokunikeza isipiliyoni sokufunda esinengcindezi ephansi, yokubamba iqhaza.
I-AI namarobhothi ahlinzeka abantu abane-autism ngamathuba amasha okuxhumana, okuxhumana, kanye nempumelelo endaweni yenhlalo eyinselele nethuthuka ngokushesha.
Irobhothi le-NAO humanoid
Irobhothi leSoftBank le-NAO humanoid lingakwazi ukusebenzelana nentsha ye-autistic ngezindlela ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nabelaphi abangabantu abangakwazi ukuzenza. I-NAO ingumngane okahle wezingane ezinenkinga yokuxhumana nabanye njengoba ingadlulisela imizwa ngolimi lomzimba, izinguquko zombala wamehlo, nethoni yezwi.
Ngenxa yokuthi izingane ezine-autism zidinga ukuphindaphinda nokungaguquguquki ukuthuthukisa amakhono omphakathi, ukubekezela okungapheli kwe-NAO kanye nokudluliselwa okujwayelekile kwezimpawu zomphakathi kuyenza ihluke.
Ngokuvamile izingane ziye zabonakala zigona i-NAO zibonga ubungane berobhothi, isibonelo esithinta inhliziyo sokuxhumana okungase kuthuthuke phakathi kwengane nomshini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-AI namarobhothi ukusiza abantu abane-autism emzamweni wabo wokuthuthukisa amakhono okuxhumana nabantu kanye nokuxhumana kuyintuthuko ethokozisayo nethembisayo.
Isistimu yerobhothi enemilenze
I-MIT idale irobhothi elikwazi ukubona futhi lisabele ekuziphatheni okukhethekile kwengane kanye nezimfuno lisebenzisa ama-algorithms afaka imithombo ehlukahlukene yokokufaka, okuhlanganisa ividiyo, umsindo, nezilinganiso zomzimba.
Lobu buchwepheshe besimanje bunamandla okushintsha indlela esibhekana ngayo nokwelashwa kwe-autism kahle.
Ingane ngayinye ingathola usizo lomuntu ngamunye kanye nokungenelela okuvela kurobhothi eliqonda izidingo zayo ezihlukile nokuziphatha esikhundleni sendlela yokulinganisa konke. Kuphumela ekwelashweni okuyimpumelelo kakhudlwana nangempumelelo futhi kuthuthukisa izinga lempilo yezingane ezine-autistic kanye nemindeni yazo.
Lesi sixazululo esisunguliwe siwumfanekiso owodwa kuphela wokuthi amarobhothi ne-AI banamathuba amahle kangaka okusiza abantu abasha abane-autistic. Ubani owaziyo ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izinto ezimangalisayo eziyolethwa ikusasa?
I-BiBli Robot
Iqembu lezingqondo ezinekhono lizama ukwakha okuthile okuyingqayizivele ekujuleni kweDenver, Colorado. Irobhothi elibizwa nge-BiBli elakhiwe ngu-Robauto no-Manatee lihlukile kunerobhothi lakho elivamile. Kuyinto eqanjiwe enhle yokusiza izingane ezine-autistic ukuthi zibhekane nobunzima bobudlelwano bokuxhumana nabantu.
Izingane zingazijwayeza futhi zithuthukise amakhono okuxhumana nabantu nge-BiBli ngesivinini sazo endaweni engahluleli. Irobhothi liqeqeshelwe ukusabela ekuziphatheni okuyingqayizivele kwengane ngayinye lisebenzisa imithombo yedatha ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nevidiyo, umsindo, nezilinganiso zomzimba.
Izingane zizothola umngane omusha kanye nesifuba nge-BiBli, umuntu oyohlale ekhona ukuze azisekele njengoba zixoxisana ngobunzima bokuxhumana nabantu.
Ukwengeza, lapho abelaphi behlola ulwazi oluqoqwe yi-BiBli, bazothola ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezinselele izingane ezine-autism ezihlangabezana nazo, okuzisiza ukuba zinikeze ukunakekelwa nosizo oluhle kakhulu.
Imikhawulo ye-AI ekwelapheni i-Autism
Ngisho noma ukwelashwa okusekelwe ku-AI kubonise isithembiso ekwelapheni izingane ezine-autistic, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi insimu isencane. Amarobhothi kanye nezicelo kunezinzuzo eziningi, kodwa futhi anezithiyo eziningi.
- Izindleko ziwumgoqo omkhulu kuze kube manje. Amarobhothi asezingeni eliphezulu angase abe nezindleko eziphakeme, okwenza kube inselele ngezikhungo nemindeni ukuwafaka ngezikhathi zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile.
- Izinga lokuzimela kanye nokushayela okudingwa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi lingase libe ngaphezu kwamakhono abanye abantu abasha abane-autistic.
- Nakuba amarobhothi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zingasiza ekufundiseni amakhono athile afana nokuxhumana komphakathi nokubonwa kwesimo sobuso, akukacaci ukuthi izingane zingasebenzisa ngempumelelo amathalente anjalo ezimweni zomhlaba wangempela.
- Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi izingane eziningi ezine-autism azikwazanga ukufinyelela lawa mathuluzi njengoba angakasetshenziswa kakhulu kuzimo eziningi.
Izinzuzo zokwelashwa okusekelwe ku-AI kwe-autism zinkulu, naphezu kwalezi zinkinga. Eminyakeni ezayo, lawa mathuluzi angase asetshenziswe kabanzi njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka futhi bufinyeleleka kalula.
Isiphetho
Isibonelo esihle sokuthi ubuchwepheshe bungawuthuthukisa kanjani umhlaba ukusetshenziswa kwabo ekwelapheni i-autism. Abantu abane-autism spectrum disorder manje bangase bafinyelele indawo ephephile nekhuthazayo ukuze bacije amakhono abo okuxhumana nabantu ngenxa yokusebenzisa amarobhothi nesofthiwe esebenzisanayo.
Ngenxa yalobu buchwepheshe obusekelwe ku-AI, izingane zinethuba elingandile lokuzijwayeza ukuxhumana nomphakathi futhi zithuthukise amandla azo okuhumusha izimpawu zomphakathi. Ngisho noma izinkinga ezifana nokufinyeleleka nezindleko kufanele zixazululwe, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo nentuthuko kuvula indlela yekusasa elingcono.
Sinethuba lokushintsha izimpilo zabantu abane-autism futhi sibasize ekunqobeni izinselelo ezibagcine ngemuva isikhathi eside ngokusebenzisa amandla e-AI.
Singadalula amandla aphelele e-AI futhi senze abantu abane-autism baphumelele emhlabeni oshintsha njalo uma sisebenzisa umcabango wethu, ubuhlakani, kanye nokugcizelela okuqhubekayo ekusungulweni.
shiya impendulo