Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
- Iyini i-DevOps automation?
Amathuluzi angcono kakhulu we-DevOps automation+-
- I-1. I-Git
- I-2. I-Docker
- 3. Kubernetes
- I-4. Jenkins
- 5. Upopayi
- 6. Ohlakaniphile
- 7. Uqalo
- 8. Umpheki
- 9. I-Terraform
- 10. Ukuzulazula
- 11. UmbuthanoCI
- 12. Ukubhuqa
- I-13. I-Nagios
- 14. Pulumi
- 15. QuerySurge
- 16. Mngani
- 17. Ingquza
- 18. U-Prometheus
- 19. Raygun
- 20. Iselenium
- 21. Ama-Ops
- 22. I-AWS CloudFormation
- 23. I-Gradle
- 24. I-TeamCity
- 25. Tricentis Tosca
- Isiphetho
Ngokukhula okwandayo kwesoftware emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe, amaqembu okuthuthukisa ahlala engaphansi kwengcindezi yokwanelisa okulindelwe ngabathengi okukhulayo kwezicelo zebhizinisi.
Ngokukhuphuka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe emafini, inqubo evamile yokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe iye yavela. Kunokuba nje ukhiqize isofthiwe yesidingo esisodwa esishiwo iklayenti, indlela yamanje ukucabanga ngokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe njengesevisi eqhubekayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo kushintshile kusukela ku-monolithic kuya esakhiweni esidala, lapho abathuthukisi beqhubeka bethuthukisa isofthiwe ukuze ihambisane nezidingo ezishintshayo zamaklayenti.
Ukuzivumelanisa naleli su elisha, amabhizinisi okuthuthukisa isofthiwe amukele izindlela zamanje ze-Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) ezifana ne-Agile, Scrum, ne-Kanban ukuze zinikeze izengezo zomkhiqizo, ukuthuthukiswa, nokulungiswa kweziphazamisi.
Izingxenye ezimbili ezinkulu ezisiza amafemu ukuthi asheshise inqubo yokuthuthukisa i-DevOps kanye ne-automation.
Kulesi siqeshana, sizobhekisisa i-DevOps automation kanye namathuluzi ahambisana nayo.
Iyini i-DevOps automation?
Umkhuba we-DevOps usekelwe kumgomo "wokwenza yonke into ngokuzenzakalelayo." Ngenxa yokuthi iningi lemisebenzi kumjikelezo wempilo we-DevOps liyaphindwa, bangamakhandidethi afanelekile wokuzenzakalela.
I-Automation ku-DevOps iqala ngokwenziwa kwekhodi endaweni yokusebenza yonjiniyela futhi iyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho ikhodi ilethwa, kanye naso sonke isigaba sokuqapha. I-IT automation, inqubo yokwenza i-robotic (i-RPA), i-AI ezenzakalelayo, ukufunda ngomshini, nokufunda okujulile zonke izibonelo zezindlela zokuthuthukisa isoftware.
Konke lokhu kungasetshenziswa kuzinqubo ze-DevOps. I-Automation ihambisa izinqubo ze-DevOps futhi iwenza asheshe futhi asebenze kahle, okuvumela onjiniyela namaqembu okusebenza ukuthi abhale, ahlole, akhiphe, futhi agcine ikhodi ngesikhathi esincane futhi ibe namaphutha ambalwa kunezindlela ezenziwa ngesandla.
Izinkampani zingasebenzisa ezishintshayo ukuze zenze amapayipi okuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo (CI), ukulethwa okuqhubekayo (CD), kanye nokuthunyelwa okuqhubekayo (CI/CD).
Amathuluzi angcono kakhulu we-DevOps automation
1. I-Git
I-Git ubuchwepheshe obudumile be-DevOps embonini yesoftware. Kuyithuluzi elidume kakhulu phakathi kwamaqembu akude nabanikelayo kumaphrojekthi womthombo ovulekile.
Kuyisixazululo sokuphathwa kwekhodi yomthombo (SCM) esivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi balandelele inqubekelaphambili yabo yokuthuthukisa ngokugcina izinguqulo ezimbalwa zekhodi yomthombo. Bangakwazi futhi ukubuyela enguqulweni yangaphambilini ngokushesha uma kunesidingo.
I-Git ihamba phambili ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene ngoba ivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bagcine umkhondo wazo zonke izinguquko nezibuyekezo zekhodi yabo ukuze uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, babuyele kalula futhi basebenzise izinguqulo zangaphambili zekhodi.
Isebenzisa amakhosombe abasingathi lapho amalungu eqembu le-DevOps engaphusha umsebenzi wawo, i-Git ingahlanganiswa kalula nokugeleza komsebenzi kwe-DevOps.
I-GitHub ne-Bitbucket ziyizinsizakalo ezimbili ezinkulu kakhulu zokubamba i-Git repo ku-inthanethi okwamanje, kanti i-GitHub yiyona eyaziwa kakhulu. Nakuba i-Bitbucket inikeza amakhosombe ayimfihlo angenamkhawulo weqembu labantu abangafika kwabahlanu, i-GitHub inikeza kuphela amakhosombe omphakathi mahhala.
2. Docker
I-Docker iyithuluzi le-DevOps elaziwayo elivumela amaqembu ukuthi akhe ngokushesha nangempumelelo futhi asebenzise izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisabalalisiwe. Isekelwe embonweni wenqubo ye-virtualization.
Ukuze ugweme ukungqubuzana kohlelo lokusebenza, i-Docker yakha izindawo ezihlukene zezinhlelo zokusebenza zeziqukathi. Ukuhlukanisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezitsheni zazo kuzenza zithwaleke futhi zivikeleke. I-Docker ikuvumela ukuthi uphathe izithombe zakho ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene.
Igcina ukubhaliswa kwangasese lapho igcina khona, iphathe futhi ilungise izinqolobane zezithombe. I-Docker ikuvumela ukuthi udale izithombe zakho noma uguqule ezikhona ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zakho ezithile. U-Docker ube ngowokuqala ukwazisa ukufakwa kwamabhokisi emkhakheni we-IT.
Ivumela ukuthunyelwa okushesha kakhulu, ivumela ukuthuthukiswa okukude, futhi izenzele ngokuzenzakalelayo ukusatshalaliswa kohlelo lokusebenza. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Docker ziyi-OS neplathifomu ye-agnostic futhi zisebenzisana kahle ne-cloud computing.
I-Docker manje isekelwa yibo bonke abahlinzeki abakhulu bamafu, kuhlanganise ne-Google kanye ne-Amazon Web Services.
3. Kubernetes
Kulezi zinsuku, wonke umuntu ukhuluma nge-Kubernetes, isofthiwe ye-orchestration ye-container eyasungulwa yi-Google. Igcina iziqukathi ngezinga elibanzi futhi iphushela ukufakwa kweziqukathi phambili. Ingasetshenziswa ngokuhlangana ne-Docker noma amanye ama-clones ayo.
Iziqukathi zingahlelwa zibe amayunithi anengqondo kusetshenziswa i-Kubernetes. I-Kubernetes inika amandla ukuphathwa kwamakhulu eziqukathi ukuthi zizenzekele. Ngokuzenzakalelayo ukusatshalaliswa nokuhlelwa kweziqukathi kulo lonke iqoqo,
I-Kubernetes ikwenza kube lula ukuphakela isofthiwe eneziqukathi kuqoqo lamakhompyutha kuneseva eyodwa. I-Kubernetes ikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise isofthiwe ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuphumula, unciphisa isikhathi sokuthuthuka kanye nokuthuthukisa izinqubo zebhizinisi.
Ukulandelana kwama-node, amaqoqo, nama-pods kuvumela amaqembu e-DevOps ukuthi azenzele ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphathwa kwamakhulu eziqukathi, futhi ukubusa kwama-node, amaqoqo, nama-pods kwenza ukuthunyelwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kukhuphuke, futhi uma i-pod eyodwa ihluleka, i-Kubernetes ikhetha ngokuzenzakalelayo enye i-pod.
4. Jenkins
I-Jenkins iyisisombululo esizenzakalelayo sokuhlanganisa nokulethwa (CI/CD) sokulandelela ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ephindaphindwayo. Ngenxa yokuthi iwumthombo ovulekile futhi i-Java eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ingasebenza kunoma iyiphi isistimu yokusebenza.
Iza nama-plugin ahlukahlukene akhelwe ngaphakathi ahlanganisayo, okuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu se-DevOps. Iseva ye-Jenkins Continuous Integration/Continuous Delivery ikuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokuzenzakalelayo izigaba eziningi zenqubo yakho yokulethwa.
Isebenzisa ukwakheka kwepayipi ukunika amandla i-CI/CD kunoma iyiphi inhlanganisela yezilimi zokubhala amakhodi namakhodi omthombo. Isici sayo se-Pipeline-as-Code siguqula amapayipi e-CI/CD abe ikhodi egcwele futhi siqinisekisa ukuthi lonke uchungechunge lwe-DevOps luhlanganisiwe.
I-Jenkins ihlanganisa nezinkulungwane zama-plugin akuvumela ukuthi uhlanganise zonke izigaba zakho ze-DevOps ngempumelelo. Amakhulu ama-plugin ayatholakala ukuze akusize uklame, uqalise, futhi wenze ngokuzenzakalela noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza, futhi ungafaka kuphela ama-plugin noma imisebenzi oyidingayo.
Isebenza nobuchwepheshe be-DevOps njenge-Azure DevOps, i-Amazon Web Services, kanye ne-Ansible. I-Jenkins iphinde ihlanganise ne-GitHub.
5. Ipipi
I-Puppet iyisixazululo esinamandla kunazo zonke sokuphatha ukucushwa kwe-cross-platform yokumisa, ukuthumela nokuphatha amaseva ukuze uwenze avikeleke kakhulu futhi asheshe.
Ilungiselela wonke umsingathi ekwakhiweni kwakho futhi igcine amaseva ngokunyusa naphansi imishini ngamandla. I-Puppet ihlola njalo ukubona ukuthi ukucushwa kulungile yini. Uma kungenjalo, ukucushwa okudingekayo komsingathi kuyabuyiselwa.
Isakhiwo sikapopathi sisekelwe ebudlelwaneni bobugqila nesigqila. Ngokuvamile, ukuxhumana kwenziwa ngoxhumano olubethelwe nge-SSL. Izenzela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphathwa kwengqalasizinda ngokuphatha yonke into njengekhodi.
Ungasebenzisa i-Puppet ukuphatha amaqembu amaningi nezinsiza. Ingakwazi nokusingatha izinhlekelele ngokuhlakanipha. Iqukethe inani lamamojula angasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nezinhlobonhlobo zamathuluzi ahlukene.
I-Puppet isebenzisana nobuchwepheshe obufana ne-GitHub, i-GitLab, i-BitBucket, ne-Slack ne-PagerDuty, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezaziso ezifana ne-Slack ne-PagerDuty. Intengo iyatholakala uma uyicelile. Isilingo samahhala siyatholakala futhi kuthuluzi.
6. Ansible
I-Ansible iyisixazululo esilula esingena-ejenti, esisebenziseka kalula sokuphatha ukumisa esinekhono eliqhubekayo lokulethwa elivumela ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo.
Izenzela ngokuzenzakalelayo imisebenzi efana nokuthunyelwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza, ukunikezwa kwamafu, i-intra-service orchestration, nokunye okuningi. I-Ansible ayidingi ingqalasizinda eyengeziwe yokuphepha. I-Ansible ixhumanisa ama-node futhi isabalalise izinhlelo ezincane ezaziwa ngokuthi amamojula.
Bese isebenzisa lawa mamojula futhi iwasuse ngemuva kokuthi inqubo isiqediwe. Okufanelekile, njengePuppet, ukubuka ingqalasizinda ibe ikhodi. Kodwa-ke, isebenzisa i-YAML ukuveza imisebenzi ye-automation njengezincwadi zokudlala. Ngenxa yokuthi awekho ama-ejenti noma ama-daemon asebenza ngemuva, i-Ansible iyinketho esheshayo, ephephile, futhi elula yokuphatha ukuhlela okuzenzakalelayo.
Njengomphumela, isiza iqembu le-DevOps ukuthi lingene ukwandisa umkhiqizo. I-Ansible wuhlelo lomthombo ovulekile olusebenziseka kalula futhi aludingi ulwazi oluthile lokubhala amakhodi.
Inamandla amaningi futhi ingaqedela imisebenzi ye-IT eyinkimbinkimbi kuyilapho kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ibhalwe ku-PowerShell, Python, kanye ne-Ruby, futhi iyahambisana neWindows, macOS, kanye neLinux.
7. bamboo
I-bamboo, njengo-Jenkins, iwubuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo bokuhlanganisa nokulethwa (CI/CD) DevOps obenza ngokuzenzakalelayo umzila wokulethwa kusuka ekwakhiweni kuya ekusetshenzisweni.
Iza nenani lemisebenzi eyakhiwe ngaphambilini okufanele isethwe ngokusobala ku-Jenkins. Yingakho i-Bamboo inama-plugin angaba ngu-100 kuphela, kodwa i-Jenkins inezingaphezu kwe-1000.
Eqinisweni, i-Bamboo ayidingi ukuthi ama-plugin amaningi ngoba iqukethe imisebenzi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi eyivumela ukuthi ifeze imisebenzi ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-Bamboo inganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokumisa.
Umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kohlelo lwe-premium nokulingana kwalo mahhala umi kanje.
Ngenxa yalokho, ithuluzi elisetshenziswayo linqunywa isabelomali nezinjongo. Ithuluzi likuvumela ukuthi wenze izivivinyo ngokuhambisana esakhiweni sakho, wonge isikhathi seqembu lakho, futhi ulungise amagatsha amaningana, uthuthukise imibhalo, futhi uyisebenzise.
I-bamboo isebenzisana namathuluzi okuphatha amaphrojekthi afana ne-Jira ne-Bitbucket.
8. Umpheki
I-Chef iyisisombululo sokuphatha ukucushwa kwe-DevOps semisebenzi ye-IT yesikali sewebhu eyakhelwe ku-Ruby. Iphethe ukuphathwa kwengqalasizinda.
Ukuphathwa kokucushwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amakhompyutha, noma ngabe angokoqobo, angokoqobo, noma asekelwe emafini, kanye nedatha nesofthiwe equkethwe, acushwa ngokufanelekile futhi asebenza njengoba kuhleliwe. Uma ingqalasizinda incane, kulula futhi ukuyilungisa mathupha.
Nokho, lapho ingqalasizinda ikhula, kudingeka enye indlela engcono. Umpheki uklama indlela yokuphatha ingqalasizinda njengekhodi.
Esikhundleni sokusetha yonke into ngesandla, njengama-database, ukulinganisa ukulayisha, namaseva ewebhu, iresiphi ye-Chef ichaza ukusetha okuyisisekelo. Izincwadi zokupheka zisetshenziselwa ukubamba iqoqo lezindlela zokupheka.
Ingqalasizinda ye-Cookbooks ibhalwe ngolimi oluqondene nesizinda. Ithuluzi elihle le-DevOps lokuzenzela kanye nokusheshisa izinqubo ezinzima. Umpheki usetshenziswa izinkampani eziningi ezinkulu ukuphatha kahle izikhungo zabo zedatha nengqalasizinda yamafu.
Ukutholakala okuphezulu kompheki namandla okuphindaphinda angakwazi ukujwayela futhi adale kabusha ingqalasizinda njengoba kudingeka uma kukhona okungahambanga kahle, iqinisekise isikhathi esincane sokuphumula kanye nokuba khona kwemishini ephezulu ngokungenelela kwabantu okuncane.
9. I-Terraform
I-Terraform iyithuluzi lokuhlinzeka ngengqalasizinda yamafu esebenzisa ikhodi ukuchaza izakhiwo. Yakha igrafu yazo zonke izinsiza, ikhiqize futhi ihlele noma yiziphi izinsiza ezizimele ngokuhambisana, futhi ilandelela izinguqulo eziningi.
I-Terraform igcina isimo sengqalasizinda ngokusebenzisa amafayela kahulumeni. Ithuthukisa uhlelo lokuqalisa oluveza izinyathelo zokuzuza isimo esifiswayo bese yenza uhlelo lokwakha ingqalasizinda eshiwo ohlelweni.
Ivumela ithimba le-DevOps ukuthi lakhe ngokushesha nangokuphephile futhi liguqule ingqalasizinda ngokufaka okuncane komuntu. Ihambisana nakho kokubili ingqalasizinda yamafu esesidlangalaleni neyimfihlo.
Abasebenzisi bangachaza futhi banikeze izincazelo zengqalasizinda, isofthiwe njengezincazelo zesevisi, nenkundla njengencazelo yesevisi isebenzisa i-HashiCorp Configuration Language noma i-JSON.
Umdali we-Terraform, i-HashiCorp, igcina uhlu lwabahlinzeki abasekelwa ngokusemthethweni abasebenzisi abangaxhumana nabo ngokuchaza izinsiza. I-Terraform ingase inikeze yonke ingqalasizinda njengekhodi, okuvumela ukusebenziseka kabusha nokugcinwa okwengeziwe.
10. Umfokazi
I-Vagrant iyithuluzi le-DevOps eligxile kakhulu ku-automation. I-Vagrant idala ifayela elilodwa lephrojekthi ngayinye, lapho uhlobo lomshini nesofthiwe abasebenzisi abafisa ukuyifaka kuvame ukushiwo.
Isebenza ngaphandle komthungo kumasistimu wokusebenza amaningi njengeWindows, Linux, ne-macOS. Igxile ekuhlanganisweni okuqhubekayo nokulethwa (CI/CD) futhi isiza ithimba le-DevOps ekudaleni indawo enhle yokuthuthukisa.
Yehlisa isikhathi sokusetha futhi ithuthukise ukuvumelana kokukhiqiza ngokuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi basungule izindawo zomshini obonakalayo ngenqubo eyodwa, esebenziseka kalula, nengaguquguquki.
Ezinye izinhlelo zokuphatha ukucushwa ezidumile, ezifana nePuppet, Ansible, neChef, zingahlanganiswa kalula ne-Vagrant ngama-plugin.
11. UmbuthanoCI
I-CircleCI ingenye yamapulatifomu asekelwe efwini e-CI/CD asetshenziswa kakhulu okwabelwana ngawo, enikeza ukulawula okuphakeme nokuvumelana nezimo uma kuziwa ekuphatheni amapayipi e-CI/CD.
Ukuhambisana akusoze kwaba yinkinga ngalesi sixazululo se-CI/CD esizenzakalelayo se-DevOps ngoba sisekelwa izinkampani ezinkulu ezifana ne-Slack, AWS, ne-Atlassian.
Iphinde isekele izilimi zokuhlela zePython, JavaScript, Ruby, ne-C++, kanye namapulatifomu eWindows, Linux, kanye ne-macOS. Ngokugunyazwa kwe-FedRAMP nokuhambisana ne-SOC 2 Type II, leli thuluzi liqinisekisiwe ukuletha izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha. Okuqukethwe okukhawulelwe, amalogi okuhlola, nezinye izici futhi zikunikeza ukulawula okuningi phezu kwekhodi yakho.
Ipayipi le-CircleCI licushwa ngokuzenzakalelayo noma nini lapho wenza ushintsho kukhodi ekhona ku-CircleCI. Lesi sici sizoqala ukuhlola ngokuzenzakalela esitsheni esishiwo noma umshini obonakalayo, futhi uma kukhona izinkinga ezitholwayo, ithimba elinomthwalo wemfanelo lizokwaziswa ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isenzo mathupha. Ngoba isabelo ngasinye sakhiwe umbuthano owodwa.
Ungakwazi ukwenza isipele ngokushesha futhi kalula ifayela le-YAML. Ukulungiselelwa kokuqala kwaleli thuluzi kulula, kodwa uma usayizi wefayela ukhula, kuba nzima kakhulu. I-CircleCI futhi ihlushwa ukushoda okukhulu kwamathuba okwenza ngokwezifiso.
12. I-splunk
I-Splunk ubuchwepheshe obumangalisayo obuhlanganisa isixazululo sezibalo esinemininingwane ephathekayo enikeza amaqembu e-DevOps ulwazi lokusebenza. Cabanga ukuthi unesistimu ehlala ikhiqiza idatha evela kumawebhusayithi, izinhlelo zokusebenza, namagajethi.
Ngesikhathi sangempela, ufuna ukusesha, ukuhlaziya, futhi ubonise idatha ekhiqizwe umshini noma amalogi. Kufanele futhi uhlole isimo samanje somshini futhi ukhombe iphuzu lapho ihadiwe yehlulekile. Kuyithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokufeza lokhu.
Ungathumela idatha isuka emshinini iye ku-Splunk, ezokucubungula yona. Ikhipha idatha edingekayo lapho ukucubungula sekuqediwe. Ngenxa yalokho, ungakwazi ukuhlonza ngokushesha izinkinga ezithile kanye nezindawo zazo.
I-Splunk iwubuchwepheshe obudumile bokuqapha amalogi nokuhlaziya emkhakheni we-DevOps, enezixazululo zamahhala nezeprimiyamu ezitholakalayo. Isebenzisa indlela yemigqa eminingi ukuze iqoqe, igcine, inkomba, ihlobanise, ibonise, ihlaziye, futhi ibike nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwedatha ekhiqizwe umshini, noma ngabe amalogi ohlelo lokusebenza ahlelekile, angahlelekile, noma ayinkimbinkimbi. Kokubili idatha yerekhodi yesikhathi sangempela neyomlando ingaseshwa.
Ungakwazi futhi ukuthuthukisa imibiko yangokwezifiso namadeshibhodi ukuze ube nokuqonda okujulile kwedatha yakho futhi uthole futhi uxazulule izinkathazo zokuphepha ngokushesha okukhulu.
13. I-Nagios
Uhlelo lokuqapha ingqalasizinda yemithombo evulekile iNagios ingenye esetshenziswa kakhulu. Inika amandla amaqembu e-DevOps ukuthi aqaphe inethiwekhi nengqalasizinda, esiza ekutholeni nasekuxazululeni izinkinga.
Bangakwazi futhi ukulandelela izenzakalo, iziphazamiso, nokwehluleka ukuyisebenzisa. Iza ne-analyzer yenethiwekhi esiza ekuhlonzeni izingqinamba kanye nokwenza kahle kokusetshenziswa komkhawulokudonsa. Amaqembu e-DevOps angaphinda asebenzise i-Nagios ukwakha imibiko namagrafu ukuze alandelele impumelelo namaphethini okuhluleka.
Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukubikezela ukwehluleka namaphutha, kanye nokuhlonza nokulindela ukukhathazeka kokuphepha. Izixazululo zokuqapha umthombo ovulekile ezivela e-Nagios zinikeza amaqembu e-DevOp ngesixazululo esibanzi sokuqapha ingqalasizinda.
I-Nagios Core iyisixhumi esibonakalayo somugqa womyalo we-Nagios esinikeza ukusebenza okuncane.
I-Nagios XI iyisithombe esisekelwe kuwebhu isikhombimsebenzisi somsebenzisi. Iza newizadi yokuqapha esiza amaqembu e-DevOp ekugcineni umkhondo wazo zonke izingxenye ezibalulekile zengqalasizinda ezifana nedeskithophu kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zeseva, izinsizakalo, izivumelwano zenethiwekhi, nezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Iseva yelogi ye-Nagios yenza kube lula kubathuthukisi ukusesha idatha yelogi ngokuhlela inqubo. Bangakwazi futhi ukusetha izexwayiso zokukhathazeka okungaba khona kwezokuvikela. Onjiniyela bangasebenzisa i-Nagios Fusion ukuqapha amanethiwekhi amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa.
14. Pulumi
I-Pulumi iyithuluzi lokuphatha ingqalasizinda yamafu, idizayini, kanye nethuluzi lokusatshalaliswa. Kubo bonke abahlinzeki abakhulu bamafu, okuhlanganisa i-Kubernetes, i-OpenStack, i-AWS, i-Google Cloud, ne-Azure, lesi sixazululo esinomthombo ovulekile sihambisana nazo zonke izinhlobo ze-hybrid, amafu asesidlangalaleni, namafu ayimfihlo.
Ingasetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela emihle noma ngabe kwakhiwe izingcezu zengqalasizinda zakudala ezifana nesizindalwazi nemishini ebonakalayo noma ukuklama izingxenye zamafu zakamuva njengamaqoqo neziqukathi.
Lapho uphatha ikhodi, ungasebenzisa izilimi zokuhlela ezaziwayo njenge-TypeScript, Go,.NET, nePython. Ingenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthobela inqubomgomo, okuwumsebenzi obalulekile.
Ngaphambi kokuthuthukisa izinsiza, leli thuluzi lakha ukubuka kuqala futhi lihlole ukuze libone ukuthi liyahambisana yini nezidingo. Ukuphatha ingqalasizinda yokubamba kanye nefu kuyingxenye yekhekhe.
Naphezu kwamakhono athile awusizo, iPulumi iyasilela ekwenzeni amaphrojekthi amakhulu kube lula ukuwahlela.
Leli thuluzi lizohlela amaphrojekthi amakhulu njengephrojekthi eyodwa enkulu noma amaphrojekthi amancane amaningi ngenkathi kwenziwa le nqubo. Ukukhipha izinkomba zesitaki ngenkathi udweba izinsiza eziningi kuba nzima kakhulu kunoma yikuphi.
15. QuerySurge
I-QuerySurge uhlelo lokusebenza lwedatha ye-intelligence ne-analytics oluletha ukuhlolwa kwedatha okuhlakaniphile. Ingena kalula epayipini le-DevOps ukuze ihlolwe ngokuqhubekayo futhi ihlola amanani amakhulu edatha ngesivinini esikhulu.
I-QuerySurge isebenzisa ifilosofi ye-DevOps ukuze inikeze i-API enamandla ngenani lamakholi ukuze yenze ngokuzenzakalelayo yonke inqubo yokuhlola Idatha Enkulu, Izinqolobane Zedatha, inqubo ye-ETL, kanye nemibiko ye-BI.
Ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukumbozwa kokuqinisekiswa kwedatha kuyilapho iqinisekisa nemithetho yoshintsho ebalulekile kuyo yonke imithombo eminingi nezinhlelo eziqondiwe. I-QuerySurge isebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokusebenzelana kwabantu, futhi yenza zonke izivivinyo ngaphambi kokubika okutholakele. I
t futhi inikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokwehluleka kwedatha ngakunye. I-API yomugqa womyalo we-QuerySurge ingakwazi ukwenza i-CI/CD ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuhlala ithola amaphutha edatha epayipini.
16. Buddy
I-Buddy iyisixazululo se-CI/CD esakha, sivivinye, futhi sikhiphe isofthiwe sisebenzisa amapayipi okuzenzakalela aguquguquka ngendlela emangalisayo. U-Buddy waziwa ngokwehlisa umgoqo ku-DevOps, futhi izenzo ziyisisekelo sikaBuddy. Lezi zenzo ziyizinyathelo ezenziwa ngepayipi.
Awukho umkhawulo wokuthi zingaki izendlalelo ipayipi elingaba nazo. Iphinde isekelwe yizo zonke izilimi eziphambili zokuhlela nezinhlaka. Kulula ukusebenzisana ne-AWS, i-Azure, i-Google, kanye nenqwaba yezinye izinsiza.
Ngamapayipi acushwe ngokuphindaphindiwe, ingaphinda igade isimo, ukusebenza, nempilo yezinhlelo zokusebenza namasevisi. Ungakwazi ukuchaza yonke ingxenye yenqubo yakho yokulethwa oyisebenzisayo.
Ithuluzi likuvumela ukuthi wakhe futhi uhlole izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza endaweni yokuthuthukiswa, kanye nokuzisebenzisa endaweni yokukhiqiza futhi ubhale imibhalo yangokwezifiso.
Buddy futhi ikuvumela ukuba qapha iwebhusayithi yakho futhi uthuthukise izibalo zakho. Isekela ukusetha kwe-YAML ne-GUI, kanye nokuthunyelwa okuqhubekayo ngezinkundla ezifana ne-GitHub, i-Docker, ne-Bitbucket.
17. Ama-Maven
I-Maven iyithuluzi elidumile lokwakha i-DevOps elakhiwe yi-Apache Software Foundation. Yaziwa kakhulu endaweni ye-Java, kodwa ingasetshenziswa futhi ukulawula ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibhalwe ku-Scala, C/C++, kanye ne-C#.
Inqubo yokwakha kanye nokuphathwa kokuncika yizindawo ezimbili ezibalulekile lapho iMaven igxile khona.
Isebenzisa ifayela le-XML ukuchaza yonke inqubo yokwakha, okuhlanganisa konke ukuncika okubalulekile, amamojula, nokunye - ngamanye amazwi, yonke into edingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe ngempumelelo.
Umgomo ka-Maven uwukunikeza iqoqo lezinto ezihlosiwe ezichazwe ngaphambilini zokwenza imisebenzi evamile kanye nokuthola ukuncika kwe-Java kubahlinzeki be-artifact basesidlangalaleni nabazimele.
I-Maven iyanwebeka, ngakho-ke ungayisebenzisa nezinye izilimi ngaphandle kwe-Java; isibonelo, kune-plugin esemthethweni ye-C/C++.
18. Prometheus
I-Prometheus ngokungangabazeki ingelinye lamathuluzi amakhulu kakhulu okuqapha ingqalasizinda atholakalayo.
Ibonise ukuthi isebenza ngendlela emangalisayo ekuqaphelweni kwengqalasizinda ngenxa yamakhono afana nokubonwa kwemethrikhi okuvelele, imibuzo eyinkimbinkimbi, izexwayiso ezinembile, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinkampani zangaphandle, nedatha enobukhulu, phakathi kokunye.
Kanye neseva ye-Linux, isisombululo somthombo ovulekile sinikeza ukuqapha kwe-Kubernetes. I-Prometheus inomphathi wesexwayiso owakhelwe ngaphakathi ophethe izilungiselelo zokuxwayisa zamamethrikhi okuqapha.
Isebenzisa imininingo egciniwe yochungechunge lwesikhathi ukugcina izilinganiso zesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela ubukhulu obukhulu nosesho oluguquguqukayo.
Inikeza izexwayiso zesikhathi sangempela, kodwa ayizange yakhelwe ukubonwa, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kangcono eduze kwesoftware yedeshibhodi efana neGrafana.
Izakhiwo ze-Prometheus zisekela ukuqapha kwebhokisi elimhlophe, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhuthazayo ukuthi zinikeze amamethrikhi ukuze u-Prometheus akwazi ukuwaqoqa njalo.
19. URaygun
I-Raygun iwubuchwepheshe bokuqapha bomsebenzisi wokugcina obunikeza onjiniyela ukuqonda kokuthi abasebenzisi basebenzisana kanjani nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe.
Ihloselwe ukuhlonza, ukuxilonga, nokulungisa izinkinga zohlelo lokusebenza njengamaphutha, ubunzima bokusebenza, nokuphahlazeka ekugcineni ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kulula ukusetha nokuxhuma amathuluzi afinyelela kwangu-43, okuhlanganisa izilimi ezifana neJavaScript, PHP, Node.js, nePython, kanye nezinkundla ezifana ne-GitHub, HipChat, Slack, Jira, nezinye.
Kuyithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokuphatha ukusebenza kohlelo (APM).
Inikeza inkundla enkulu yokuqapha amaphutha kanye nenkundla yokubika ukuphahlazeka ekusiza ekutholeni izinkinga zokusebenza nokulandelela ukwehluleka kuze kufike emugqeni othile wekhodi yomthombo, umsebenzi, noma ikholi ye-API.
20. selenium
I-Selenium iwumthombo ovulekile odumile uhlelo lokusebenza lewebhu uhlaka lokuhlola olusebenza nazo zonke iziphequluli ezinkulu nezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa i-Linux, iWindows, ne-Mac OS X.
I-Selenium inohlu olubanzi lwezilimi zokuhlela nezinhlaka zokuhlola ezizenzakalelayo, okuhlanganisa iPython, C#, Ruby, Java, JavaScript, PHP, kanye ne-PERL.
I-Selenium IDE (Indawo Yokuthuthukiswa Okudidiyelwe) isetshenziselwa ukudala nokusebenzisa izimo zokuhlola ukuze kuhlolwe ukuhlola kanye nokurekhoda ukudlalwa kokuhlolwa.
Esikhundleni sokubhala imibhalo yokuhlola ngesi-Selenese, i-Selenium client API ivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bayibhale ngokuqondile ngezilimi eziningi zekhompyutha. Ukuze ubhale izikripthi zokuhlola,
I-Selenium WebDriver inokubophezela okuqondene nolimi oluthile. I-Selenium Grid ihlakaniphile iseva elibambayo evumela iziphequluli ezihlukene namasistimu okusebenza ukuthi aqalise ukuhlola ngesikhathi esisodwa.
21. Ama-OverOps
I-OverOps iyithuluzi le-DevOps elisiza iqembu ekutholeni ngokushesha imbangela yephutha noma ukuhlukana kweseva. Ingakwazi ukukhomba ngokushesha imbangela yokwehluleka kwekhodi yokukhiqiza futhi inikeze yonke ikhodi yomthombo ukulungisa inkinga.
Ingakutshela futhi ukuthi inkinga yenzeka nini. Njengomphumela, ithimba le-DevOps lingachitha isikhathi esiningi linikeza ukuthuthukiswa okubalulekile esikhundleni sokumosha isikhathi ngokubheka amalogi.
I-OverOps ibophezelekile ngokuyinhloko ukuhlonza, ukuvimbela, kanye nokuxazulula umsuka wamaphutha.
Ithola ngokuqhubekayo futhi ibeke phambili izinkinga ezinkulu zesofthiwe ekukhishweni kwekhodi ngakunye, kanye nokuhlonza noma imaphi amaphutha okusetshenziswa (uma ekhona). Amasango ekhwalithi ye-OverOps avimba ukukhishwa ukuthi kungasatshalaliswa uma kungathembekile.
Bese, kusetshenziswa isimo esinembile sekhodi nendawo ngesikhathi sokwenzeka, ilungisa inkinga ngokwethembeka okuqhubekayo.
22. I-AWS CloudFormation
Ngebhizinisi, i-Amazon Web Services inikeza izinsiza ezihlukahlukene. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuzilawula ngesandla kuwumsebenzi omkhulu.
I-AWS CloudFormation ye-Amazon iyisixazululo sokuphatha ingqalasizinda esenza kube lula ukuthi amabhizinisi akhiqize futhi aphathe izinsiza ze-AWS.
Ungasebenzisa i-AWS CloudFormation ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukudalwa nokumodela izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza. Isitaki iqoqo lezinsiza ze-Amazon Web Services ezingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza noma ukubuyekeza ezinye izinsiza ze-Amazon Web Services.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CloudFormation ikuvumela ukuthi uphathe lezi zinsiza noma ingqalasizinda ephelele usebenzisa isifanekiso noma ifayela lombhalo, okwenza lokhu kube umsebenzi olula kakhulu. Ukulungiselelwa kwesimo esikude, esiphuma ebhokisini, isici esiphawuleka kakhulu sethuluzi.
I-CloudFormation StackSets ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele isethi efanayo yezinsiza ze-AWS kuwo wonke ama-akhawunti nezifunda eziningi besebenzisa isifanekiso esisodwa.
Leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuthi wenze imodeli yamafayela nganoma iyiphi indlela oyikhethayo, noma ngabe ufuna ukusebenzisa i-JSON noma i-YAML noma ukuklama ngendlela enemifanekiso. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza likuvumela ukuthi uchaze izindawo zamafu ngezilimi ezidumile njenge.NET, Python, neJava.
23. I-Gradle
I-Gradle ifakazelwe njengethuluzi lokwakha elisebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi nelinokwethenjelwa kusitaki samathuluzi se-DevOps. Lapho i-Google iyenza ithuluzi lokwakha elisemthethweni le-Android Studio, yazuza ukudonseka okukhulu nakakhulu.
Ama-IDE amaningi amakhulu, njenge-Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA, ne-Netbeans, asekela i-Gradle, evumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bakhe ikhodi nganoma yiluphi ulimi oludumile, okuhlanganisa i-Python, i-C++, ne-Java.
U-Gradle waqala ukusebenzisa i-DSL esekelwe ku-Groovy ukuchaza imibhalo yokwakha, kuyilapho amanye amathuluzi okwakha azenzakalelayo avelele, njenge-Maven ne-Apache Ant, asebenzisa i-XML ukuze acushwe.
I-Gradle iyi-DSL esekwe e-Kotlin eyethulwa ngo-2016. I-Gradle ihlinzeka ngokwakhiwa okukhulayo, okonga isikhathi esibalulekile kuyo yonke inqubo yokuhlanganisa.
Iphinde inikeze isici se-build-cache esisebenzisa kabusha okuphumayo komsebenzi futhi sigcine ulwazi lokwakha enkumbulweni phakathi kokwakhiwa. Ukusebenza kuka-Gradle kushesha izikhathi eziyikhulu kunokubonga kuka-Maven kulezi zingxenye ezimbili. I-Gradle futhi iza nezinhlobonhlobo zezinketho zokucushwa.
24. I-TeamCity
I-JetBrains 'TeamCity iyinkundla enamandla eqhubekayo yokuhlanganisa yamaqembu e-DevOps. Kuyithuluzi le-CI/CD DevOps lenhloso evamile elikunikeza izinketho eziningi zezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuthuthuka nokugeleza komsebenzi.
Wonke umuntu uthanda i-TeamCity, kusukela konjiniyela kanye Onjiniyela be-DevOps kubaphathi nakubaphathi. Ungadala, usebenzise, futhi uhlole izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, iziqukathi, namaphakheji, afaka amafu amaningi, izilimi eziningi, kanye nezingxenyekazi eziningi.
Amakhulu ama-plugin ayatholakala ukuze alandwe mahhala futhi angafakwa ngokuchofoza okumbalwa nje. Onjiniyela abakwazi ukwephula amakhodi omthombo ukulawula inguqulo amasistimu ngenxa yezenzo ezifakiwe. Ukubika kwesikhathi sangempela kuvumela ukuxazululwa kwezinkinga ngokushesha.
Ukuhlola okuhlanganisiwe, ukufakwa kwekhodi, ukusesha okuyimpinda, namanye amasevisi ayatholakala. Ukuhlola okuningi nokwakhiwa kungasebenza kuzilungiselelo nezinkundla ezihlukahlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa kusetshenziswa i-Build Grid. Amapulatifomu asekelwayo afaka phakathi i-Java, i-Ruby, ne-.NET.
25. I-Tricentis Tosca
Sheshisa ukuhlolwa kwesofthiwe nge-Tricentis Tosca, isixazululo esisekelwe ku-AI, esingenambhalo esinikeza indlela yokungenakhodi yokuzenzakalela kokuphela kokuphela.
Ihlanganisa ndawonye izingxenye ezimbalwa zokuhlola, okuhlanganisa ukuhlola okuzenzakalelayo, ukwakheka kwamacala, ukukhiqizwa kwedatha nomklamo, kanye nezibalo.
Ukuze kuzuzwe izilinganiso zokuhlola ezizenzakalelayo ezinkulu ngokulungiswa kalula, i-Tricentis Tosca isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuxhunywe ekuhloleni okusekelwe kubungozi kanye nokuhlola okusekelwe kumamodeli.
Ukuhlola okusebenzayo, ukuhlolwa komthwalo, ukuhlola kwe-BI/DWH, ukuhlola okuhlola, ukuhlola kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezipakishiwe, ukuphathwa kwedatha yokuhlola, ukuhlaziya umphumela wokuhlolwa, ukwenziwa kwesevisi ebonakalayo, nokwenza okusabalalisiwe kungamanye nje amathuluzi okuhlola azenzakalelayo atholakala ethimbeni le-DevOps.
I-Salesforce, i-Adobe, i-Oracle, i-SAP, i-Java, i-NET, i-HTML 5, nokuningi kuphakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani ezingu-160+ nobuchwepheshe obusekelwe.
Isiphetho
I-DevOps iyinselelo enkulu ehlanganisa amasu ahlukahlukene. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi amabhizinisi amaningi amakhulu namuhla asebenzisa i-DevOps ngandlela thize, izidingo zabo zebhizinisi ze-DevOps ziyahlukahluka.
Njengomphumela, ngeke kube khona ikhithi yamathuluzi ezenzakalelayo ye-DevOps eyodwa. Ku-DevOps, ukuba neqoqo elilungile lamathuluzi e-automation kubalulekile ngoba kuthinta ngqo okukhiphayo.
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni isethi yamathuluzi efanele, kunezici ezimbalwa okufanele zicatshangelwe, okuhlanganisa isabelomali, ingqalasizinda yamanje, imigomo yebhizinisi, nesiko lenkampani.
Izinhlangano ezinkulu, isibonelo, zingahlanganisa i-Jenkins eceleni kwe-GitLab ukuze ivumelane nezidingo zabo ze-CI/CD. Besuka endaweni eyodwa, bangakwazi ukulawula ukuhamba komsebenzi wabo kwe-CI/CD. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo, kufanele asebenzise i-CircleCI ngenxa yokungabizi kwayo kahle ngenkathi isanikeza ukusebenza okuhle.
shiya impendulo