Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
The Inethiwekhi yeCosmos inethiwekhi ehlukaniselwe ama-parallel blockchains asebenza ngokuzimela komunye nomunye.
Yasungulwa ngo-2014 ngu-Ethan Buchman kanye no-Jae Kwon, umgomo wenethiwekhi ukudala i-ecosystem yama-blockchains womabili alinganisa futhi asebenzisane.
Njengamanje kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphezu kuka-263 kunethiwekhi ye-Cosmos, eyaziwa ngokuthi I-Interchain, kuhlanganise Binance Chain, Terra, Futhi I-Cosmos Hub.
I-Cosmos ihlose ukuba yi-inthanethi ye-Blockchains. Inkundla isebenzisa isethi yamathuluzi omthombo ovulekile njenge-Tendermint, i-Cosmos SDK, ne-IBC asebenza ndawonye ukuze avumele onjiniyela bazenzele ngokushesha ama-blockchain abo angokwezifiso.
Kungani kunesidingo sama-blockchains wangokwezifiso?
Kunezizathu ezimbalwa ongase ufune ukwakha i-blockchain eqondene nesicelo ngaphezulu kwenkontileka ehlakaniphile e-Ethereum.
Okokuqala, iplatifomu ekhona efana ne-Ethereum ingase ingabi nezimo noma ibe ngokwezifiso ngokwanele esimweni sakho sokusebenzisa. Ukusetha i-blockchain yakho kukuvumela ukuthi uchaze ingqondo nezindlela ezidingekayo kuphrojekthi yakho.
Okwesibili, ungase ubhekane nezinkinga ngobukhosi. Ukwakha iketango elizimele kukuvumela ukuthi ugqashule emigoqweni nasezimisweni zesistimu ekhona.
Lo mhlahlandlela uzochaza ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga i-Cosmos ezama ukuzixazulula futhi ibheke kubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene nezinqubo ezakhelwe ku-Cosmos Network.
Ukulinganiselwa kwe-Ethereum
I-Cosmos blockchain ihlose ukuxazulula imikhawulo eminingana ekhona njengamanje kuma-blockchain amaningi adumile, okuyi-Ethereum. Le mikhawulo iwukukala, ukusebenziseka, nobukhosi.
I-scalability iyisici esibalulekile se-ecosystem ye-blockchain ephumelelayo. I-blockchain ye-Ethereum inenani elihlanganyelwe lokuthengiselana kwe-15 ngomzuzwana. Wonke ama-dApps akhelwe ku-Ethereum kufanele aqhudelane ngalezi zinsiza ezilinganiselwe.
Ukusebenziseka kubalulekile uma ufuna ukunikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe konjiniyela. I-Ethereum's EVM yakhiwe ukuze ikwazi ukubhekana nazo zonke izimo zokusetshenziswa, okuholela ekuvumelaneni okuningana. Onjiniyela nabo bakhawulelwe ezilimini ezimbalwa zokuhlela.
Okokugcina, ubukhosi buyisici esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ama-blockchains avikelekile futhi anohlobo oluzimele lokubusa.
Izinkundla eziningi zivumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ukuthi zibe nokuzimela kwazo, kodwa lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zihlala ziboshelwe kumaphrothokholi enkundla. Lokhu kuholela ezigabeni ezimbili zokubusa, ezingabambezela intuthuko nenqubekelaphambili.
Izici ezibalulekile ze-Cosmos Blockchain
- Isicelo BlockChain Interface ivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi basebenzise noma yiluphi ulimi lokuhlela abalufunayo.
- I-Staking futhi yokuvota ngokusebenzisa ATOM ithokheni.
- Ama-akhawunti we-Interchain vumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele kuyo yonke i-Interchain nge-akhawunti eyodwa ye-Cosmos Hub.
- Amandla adonsela phansi e-DEX ingasetshenziswa ukushintshanisa izimpahla zedijithali.
- I-Gravity Bridge ivumela izimpahla ze-Cosmos namathokheni e-ERC-20 ukuthi ahambe phakathi kwe-ecosystem
- I-scalability evundlile ivumela abathuthukisi ukuthi basebenzise izakhiwo ze-multichain
I-Cosmos Hub
I-Cosmos Network ilandela “ihabhu nokukhuluma” izakhiwo. "Indawo" iyi-blockchain eqondene nohlelo lokusebenza. I-Zone ngayinye iyisikhulumi esixhuma kuhabhu. Amahabhu angaxhuma namanye amahabhu. Noma ubani ukhululekile ukuthi azenzele awabo Amahabhu Nezindawo i-blockchain.
I-Cosmos Hub iyisibonelo senye yalawo mahabhu. I-Cosmos Hub ingelinye lama-blockchains okuqala athulwe ku-Cosmos Network. Empeleni isebenza njengomxhumanisi phakathi kwamanye ama-blockchain e-Cosmos.
I-Cosmos Hub ilandelela isimo sawo wonke ama-blockchain axhunyiwe futhi isiza ukwenza lula ukuthengiswa kwamathokheni.
Ithokheni ye-ATOM
Ithokheni ye-ATOM ithokheni yomdabu ye-Cosmos Hub. Abasebenzisi bangakwazi ukufaka isandla ku-ATOM ukuze bafune imiklomelo ebambekayo kanye nezimali zokusebenza.
Abasebenzisi ababambe iqhaza ku-ATOM nabo bathola ukuvotela izinqumo zephrothokholi kanye nezinqumo zokuphatha ze-Cosmos.
Injini ye-Tendermint Consensus
I-Tenderdmint iwucezu lwesofthiwe eklanyelwe ukuphindaphinda uhlelo lokusebenza ngokuphepha nangokungaguquguquki emishinini eminingi. Ihlose ukubekezelela imishini ehlulekayo ngezindlela ezingafanele, okuhlanganisa nezimo lapho ikhodi isetshenziswa ngonya.
Ikhono lokubekezelela lezi zimo laziwa ngokuthi ukubekezelelana kwamaphutha eByzantine.
I-Tendermind iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: injini yokuvumelana ye-blockchain kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sohlelo lokusebenza olujwayelekile.
Injini yokuvumelana, ebizwa I-Tendermint Core, yenza isiqiniseko sokuthi okwenziwayo kunethiwekhi konke kuyahambisana.
I-interface yohlelo lokusebenza yaziwa ngokuthi i-Application BlockChain Interface noma I-ABCI. Lesi sixhumanisi sivumela ukuthengiselana ukuthi kucutshungulwe nganoma yiluphi ulimi olunikeziwe lokuhlela.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-algorithm ye-Bitcoin Yobufakazi Bomsebenzi, i-algorithm ye-Tendermint yokuvumelana isebenza kahle futhi ivikelekile. Injini yokuvumelana inesikhathi sokuvimba sesekhondi elingu-1, elishesha ngendlela emangalisayo uma liqhathaniswa nemizuzu eyi-10 yeBitcoin kanye nemizuzwana eyi-14 ye-Ethereum.
I-Tendermint ingasekela kokubili ama-blockchain omphakathi kanye nangasese futhi ingaba ubufakazi besiteki noma imvume.
I-Tendermint yakhelwe ukuthi ibe inhloso ejwayelekile. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi usebenzise i-Tendermint esikhundleni se-algorithms yokuvumelana yamanye ama-blockchains. I-Ethermint iyi-Ethereum enwebekayo eyakhiwe kusetshenziswa i-Cosmos SDK futhi isebenzisa i-Tendermint Core njengenjini yayo yokuvumelana.
I-Inter-Blockchain Communication Protocol (IBC)
Iphrothokholi ye-IBC iwumgogodla we-Cosmos ecosystem. Iphrothokholi ivumela ama-blockchains ukuthi akhulume ngomunye nomunye.
Idizayini yemojuli yephrothokholi ye-IBC ivumela onjiniyela bohlelo lokusebenza ukuthi basebenzise iphrothokholi ngaphandle kokulala ulwazi olujulile lokuthi isebenza kanjani ngemuva kwezigcawu.
Isebenza kanjani i-IBC?
Ake sithi sinama-blockchain amabili, u-A no-B. Sifuna ukudlulisa amathokheni angu-10 kusuka ku-blockchain A kuya ku-blockchain B.
Okokuqala, iChain A ikhiya amathokheni ayi-10. Le nqubo yaziwa ngokuthi i-bonding, futhi amathokheni manje avaliwe noma "aboshwe". I-Chain A bese ithumela ubufakazi ku-Chain B bokuthi amathokheni angu-10 aboshiwe.
Manje sekusele ku-Chain B ukuqinisekisa lobu bufakazi ngokumelene nesihloko se-Chain A. Uma ubufakazi buqinisekisiwe, uChain B udala amavawusha amathokheni ayi-10.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi amathokheni e-Chain A awalokothi ashiye iketango. Amavawusha amathokheni ku-Chain B awubufakazi bokuthi inombolo ethile yamathokheni e-Chain A iboshelwe ku-vawusha.
Ukuqhathanisa namanye ama-Blockchains e-inthanethi
Inkundla ye-Cosmos akuyona ukuphela kwephrojekthi ye-blockchain egxile ekusebenzisaneni kwamaketanga.
polkadot
The polkadot I-blockchain yakhelwe ukuvumela ama-blockchain angahlobene ukuthumela idatha komunye nomunye ngokuphepha. Yasungulwa nguDkt Gavin Wood, omunye wabasunguli be-Ethereum eceleni kukaVitalik Buterin. Ngokufana ne-Cosmos Network, i-Polkadot iphinde ihlose ukuba uhlobo lwe-inthanethi ye-Blockchains.
I-Cosmos ne-Polkadot isebenzisana ngokuhlukile nokubusa nobulungu. I-Polkadot inenani elimisiwe lezikhala zeParachains ezinikezwa ngendali. I-Cosmos Network ivumela noma ubani ukuthi akhe ihabhu noma indawo.
Izinqumo zokuphatha zenkundla zinqunywa inani le-DOT (ithokheni yomdabu ye-Polkadot) abavoti abanalo. I-Cosmos Network, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ayinayo inqubo yokuphatha eyodwa, kodwa i-Cosmos Hub kanye nethokheni yayo yendabuko ye-ATOM inikeza umsebenzi ofanayo.
I-Polkadot ne-Cosmos nazo ziyahluka endleleni abavikela ngayo inethiwekhi yabo.
Kunethiwekhi ye-Cosmos, yonke i-blockchain izimele futhi iyazivikela. Indawo ngayinye ivikelwe isethi yayo yeziqinisekisi.
I-Polkadot, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isebenza ngaphansi kwemodeli yokuphepha okwabelwana ngayo. I-Parachain ngayinye iyizingane zeketango labazali elaziwa ngokuthi i-Relay Chain, eligcina umkhondo wesimo somhlaba sawo wonke ama-Parachains awo.
ngendathane
I-Avalanche iplatifomu iyinkundla yomthombo ovulekile eyakhelwe ukwethula izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukaniselwe izwe kanye nama-blockchains.
I-Avalanche, njenge-Cosmos, ivumela noma ubani ukuthi azenzele ama-blockchains aqondene nohlelo lokusebenza asebenzisana namanye ama-blockchain kuplathifomu.
Ngokungafani ne-Cosmos, lapho i-blockchain ngayinye ineziqinisekisi zayo, i-Avalanche inama-Subnets angaqinisekisa ama-blockchain amaningana kusetshenziswa isethi eyodwa yokuqinisekisa. I-Subnet noma i-subnetwork iyisethi eguquguqukayo yeziqinisekisi ku-avalanche ecosystem.
I-subnet eyinhloko yesikhulumi ibizwa ngokuthi i- Inethiwekhi Eyinhloko, okuqinisekisa wonke ama-blockchain akhelwe ngaphakathi e-Avalanche.
Wonke amalungu e-subnet kufanele abe ilungu lenethiwekhi eyinhloko. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wonke umqinisekisi wawo wonke ama-blockchain ku-Avalanche kufanele futhi aqinisekise ama-blockchain akhelwe ngaphakathi e-Avalanche.
Isiphetho
Iphrojekthi ye-Cosmos iyinkundla ethembisayo yonjiniyela abafuna ukuthuthukisa ama-blockchain anamandla kalula asebenzisana namanye amaketanga.
Injini ye-Tendermint ivumela izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-blockchain ukuthi zikhule ngokushesha, futhi iphrothokholi ye-IBC ivumela izimpahla ukuthi zihwetshwe phakathi kwama-blockchains kalula.
Isidingo sama-blockchains aqondene nohlelo lokusebenza sizoqhubeka nokukhula. Amapulatifomu afana ne-Cosmos Network azovumela abathuthukisi ukuthi bakhe amaphrojekthi abo kalula nangokuzethemba ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuvikeleka nokukhula.
shiya impendulo