Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
- 1. Yini oyiqondayo ngokuthi i-REST?
- 2. Usho ukuthini nge-REST API?
- 3. Iyini ngempela i-URI?
- 4. Yiziphi izici ze-RESTful Web Services?
- 5. Yiziphi izimiso eziqondisayo ze-REST?
- 6. Yisho izindlela ze-HTTP ezisekelwa yi-REST.
- 7. Chaza imikhawulo ebekwe isixhumi esibonakalayo esingaguquki.
- 8. Iyini ngempela insiza ye-REST?
- 9. Isho ukuthini i-JAX-RS kuwe?
- 10. Yini ehlukanisa i-AJAX ne-REST enye kwenye?
- 11. Ungakwazi yini ukuklelisa ezinye izithiyo zezinsizakalo zewebhu ezi-RESTful?
- 12. Yini ehlukanisa amasu e-PUT ne-POST kwelinye?
- 13. Uzihlola kanjani izinsiza zewebhu ezi-RESTful?
- 14. Chaza i-REST API emhlabeni wangempela.
- 15. Isebenza kanjani iMicroservice Architecture?
- 16. Kuyini ngempela ukulondoloza isikhashana?
- 17. Chaza iholo.
- 18. Hlukanisa INSIPHO Vs REST?
- 19. Ingabe i-transport layer security protocol (TLS) ingasetshenziswa ne-REST?
- 20. Izindlela zokuntula amandla: ziyini? Isebenza kanjani emhlabeni wezinsizakalo zewebhu ezi-RESTful?
- 21. Yini umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa okuyisisekelo kwe-HTTP?
- 22. Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi i-GraphQL iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu sokudala i-microservice architecture?
- 23. Yimuphi umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwezindlela ze-HTTP eziphephile nezingenamandla?
- 24. Isho ukuthini i-JAX-RS API ngokuthi I-RESTful Root Resource Classes?
- 25. Iyini ngempela i-Postman, futhi kungani isetshenziswa?
- 26. I-REST APIs igcinwa kanjani ivikelekile?
- Isiphetho
Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwe-REST kwenze ama-API afinyeleleke ngendlela emangalisayo ngenkathi futhi eveza amandla awo aphelele namandla awo. I-REST APIs kulula ukuyidala kanye nenqolobane ngenxa yezakhiwo ezigxile kuzinsiza.
Ukwengeza, phakathi nesikhathi sonke, ama-RESTful APIs ayengabanduleli bezinye intuthuko ebalulekile njengekhompyutha yamafu kanye nomklamo osuselwe ku-microservice.
Ngakho-ke, akufanele kusimangaze ukuthi onjiniyela be-REST API bayadingeka namuhla uma kubhekwa ukuthi bahlinzeka kanjani ngamabhizinisi asebenzisa izinsizakalo ze-RESTful umkhawulo wokuncintisana. Ama-REST APIs ayithrendi yokuklama edumile.
Amafemu amaningi e-IT afuna ulwazi lwe-REST API kusuka abathuthukisi be-software futhi ubuze ngakho ezingxoxweni zobuchwepheshe.
Nansi eminye yemibuzo evamile yengxoxo ye-REST API ezokusiza ukuthi ulungele inhlolokhono kumafemu ahlukahlukene uma ufuna ukusebenza emkhakheni wokuthuthukisa i-REST API.
1. Yini oyiqondayo ngokuthi i-REST?
I-REST ipharadigm yezakhiwo yokuklama izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisuselwe kuwebhu ezisuselwe ku-Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
I-REST ichaza izindinganiso ezithile izinsiza zewebhu okufanele zihlangabezane nazo ukuze zithathwe njenge-RESTful. Lezi zincomo ziqinisekisa ukuthi izicelo nezinsiza zidluliselwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo phakathi kweklayenti neseva kusetshenziswa izimiso ezijwayelekile ze-HTTP.
2. Usho ukuthini nge-REST API?
Isixhumanisi se-software-to-software esaziwa ngokuthi isixhumi esibonakalayo sohlelo lokusebenza sivumela ukuxhumana nokwabelana ngedatha phakathi kwezinhlelo ezizimele. Isibonelo, iwebhusayithi yezindaba ingasebenzisa i-Twitter API ukuthola ama-tweets abalulekile ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi iwahlanganise ezindabeni zezindaba.
I-API enamathela kuzimiso ze-REST yaziwa ngokuthi i-REST API, ngezinye izikhathi eyaziwa ngokuthi i-RESTful API. Ku-REST API, ucezu ngalunye lwedatha luphathwa njengesisetshenziswa futhi lunikezwe umazisi wensiza ojwayelekile (i-URI).
Isibonelo, i-Twitter API yenza yonke i-tweet ibe yinsiza etholakalayo etholakala kumakhasimende. I-Twitter API ingasetshenziswa abasebenzisi ukuthumela ama-tweets nokwenza eminye imisebenzi yewebhusayithi.
3. Iyini ngempela i-URI?
A inethiwekhi yekhompyutha Isisetshenziswa singabhekiselwa kuso kusetshenziswa i-URI noma isihlonzi sensiza efanayo. Isebenza njengendlela yokuhlukanisa insiza eyodwa kwenye. Imithombo kungenzeka ibe ku-inthanethi noma ingabikho.
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sawo esijwayelekile, ama-URI akwenza kube lula ukuxhuma ngisho nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsiza. Indawo noma igama lesisetshenziswa lifakiwe kuma-URI kanye nochungechunge lwezinhlamvu.
I-URI yenziwe ngendlela, isikimu, umbuzo, nezinye izici kodwa ayifaki iphrothokholi.
Kusetshenziswa iphrothokholi, ama-URL (Izindawo Zezinsiza Ezifanayo) asetshenziselwa ukuthola izinsiza ku-inthanethi noma ezifinyeleleka ngayo.
4. Yiziphi izici ze-RESTful Web Services?
- Ipharadigm Yeseva Yeklayenti iyisisekelo sesevisi.
- Isevisi ingafinyelela izinsiza ngokusebenzisa ama-URI.
- Isevisi isebenzisa Iphrothokholi ye-HTTP ukuze ithole idatha/izinsiza, iqhube imibuzo, futhi yenze eminye imisebenzi.
- Imiyalezo yigama lendlela esetshenziswa ukuxhumana phakathi kweklayenti neseva.
- Lawa masevisi angaphinda asebenzise iphethini yezakhiwo ye-REST esebenzisa amasevisi e-SOAP.
- Ukunciphisa izingcingo zeseva zohlobo olufanayo lwezicelo eziphindaphindwayo, lawa masevisi aphinde asebenzise umqondo wokulondoloza inqolobane.
5. Yiziphi izimiso eziqondisayo ze-REST?
Imibandela emihlanu kufanele ihlangatshezwe ama-REST APIs:
Ukwehlukanisa iseva yeklayenti: Kuphela uchungechunge lwezicelo nezimpendulo ezingasetshenziswa ukuxhumana phakathi kweklayenti neseva. Amakhasimende namaseva kuphela akwazi ukuthumela izicelo nezimpendulo, ngokulandelana. Lo mbono oqondile wenza zombili izinhlangothi zisebenze ngokuzimela komunye nomunye.
I-Uniform Interface: Kumelwe kube nephrothokholi efanayo yakho konke ukuxhumana kweklayenti-server. Le phrothokholi ye-REST i-HTTP. Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye lucela futhi luthumele idatha lisebenzisa ulimi olufanayo, isixhumi esibonakalayo esingaguquki senza ukuhlanganisa kube lula.
I-stateless: Iseva ayilondolozi noma yimaphi amarekhodi ezicelo zangaphambilini noma izimpendulo ekuxhumaneni okungenasimo. Isicelo ngasinye nempendulo zinikeza yonke imininingwane edingekayo ukuze kuqedelwe ukushintshana. Ukuxhumana okungenasimo kuthuthukisa isivinini, konga inkumbulo, futhi kunciphisa ingcindezi kuseva. Ukwengeza, igwema amandla okuthi isicelo singaphumeleli ngenxa yedatha engaphelele.
Isistimu enezingqimba: Amaseva ahlala phakathi kweklayenti neseva ye-API abizwa ngokuthi izendlalelo. Lawa maseva engeziwe enza izinsiza ezihlukahlukene, ezifana nokuthola ugaxekile nokuthuthukisa isivinini. Izendlalelo ku-REST ziyi-modular, okusho ukuthi zingangezwa futhi zisuswe ngaphandle kokuba nomthelela ekuxhumaneni phakathi kweklayenti neseva ye-API.
Cacheable: Amaklayenti angagcina inqolobane noma yiziphi izinsiza ukuze kukhuliswe isivinini uma izimpendulo zeseva zibonisa ukuthi insiza iyagcinwa yini noma cha.
Ukubhala ikhodi lapho kudingeka khona: Ngokuphendula, i-API ingadlulisela ikhodi yekhompyutha esebenzisekayo kumakhasimende. Uhlelo lokusebenza lweklayenti lungakwazi ukusebenzisa ikhodi ngemuva kwalo.
6. Yisho izindlela ze-HTTP ezisekelwa yi-REST.
Izindlela ze-HTTP ezisekelwa yi-REST yilezi:
- THOLA: Le ndlela icela insiza ku-URL eshiwo. Indikimba yesicelo akumele ifakwe ngoba izozitshwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi uyigcine endaweni noma kuseva.
- OKUTHUNYELWE: Le ndlela ithumela idatha kusevisi ukuze icutshungulwe, futhi isevisi ngokuvamile kufanele ibuyisele insiza entsha noma eshintshile.
- PUT: Insiza ibuyekezwa ku-URL yesicelo.
- SUSA: Insiza isusiwe nge-URL yesicelo.
- Izinketho: Ikhomba izindlela ezisekelwayo.
- HEAD: Imethadatha ye-URL yesicelo ibuyisiwe.
7. Chaza imikhawulo ebekwe isixhumi esibonakalayo esingaguquki.
Ukuze uhlukanise iklayenti neseva, isixhumi esibonakalayo esingaguquki siyadingeka.
Ukufinyelela isixhumi esibonakalayo esingaguquki, izithiyo ezine ezilandelayo ziyadingeka:
- Ukuhlonza insiza: Izicelo zeklayenti kufanele zisebenzise ama-ID ensiza ajwayelekile ukuhlonza izinsiza (ama-URI)
- Ukukhohlisa insiza kusetshenziswa lezi izethulo: Amaklayenti analo lonke ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze akwazi ukushintsha isimo sensiza uma ethola ukumelwa kwensiza evela kuseva.
- Imilayezo ezichazayo: Imilayezo ihlanganisa yonke imethadatha nolunye ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze umamukeli ayiqonde.
- I-Hypermedia njengenjini yesimo sohlelo lokusebenza: Ishaneli yokuxhumana neseva yeklayenti i-hypermedia, njenge-HTML, futhi amakhasimende awadingi imibhalo eqondene ne-API ukuze aqonde izimpendulo zeseva.
8. Iyini ngempela insiza ye-REST?
Izinsiza ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zesevisi yewebhu ye-RESTful ku-REST yezakhiwo. Zihlanganisa lonke ulwazi olubalulekile iklayenti le-API elidinga ukufinyelela kulo.
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinsiza, njengekhasi le-HTML, isithombe, ividiyo, nanoma yini enye edingekayo kumsebenzi we-API, ingafinyelelwa ngeseva kusistimu yeseva yeklayenti.
Izinsiza zikhonjwa Ngesihlonzi Sensiza Efanayo. Umbhalo, i-JSON, noma i-XML zonke ziyizethulo ezamukelekayo zezinsiza. Sengikushilo lokho, akukho mikhawulo kufomethi yokumelwa.
9. Isho ukuthini i-JAX-RS kuwe?
Kulula ukudala izinsiza zewebhu ezi-RESTful ku-Java sibonga i-Java API Yezinsizakalo zewebhu ezi-RESTful, ezivame ukwaziwa nge-JAX-RS. Onjiniyela bangachaza izinsiza nemisebenzi engenziwa kuzo kusetshenziswa izichasiselo ezinikeziwe.
10. Yini ehlukanisa i-AJAX ne-REST enye kwenye?
I-Ajax:
- I-Ajax yiqembu lobuchwepheshe elivumela ukubuyekezwa okuguquguqukayo kwe isikhombimsebenzisi somsebenzisi izici ngaphandle kokulayisha kabusha ikhasi.
- I-Ajax isusa ukuxhumana okungavumelani phakathi kweklayenti neseva.
PHUMULA:
- I-REST idinga ukuxhumana phakathi kweseva neklayenti.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezisetshenziswa kubalulekile esakhiweni se-URL kanye nephethini yesicelo/yempendulo esetshenziswa yi-REST.
11. Ungakwazi yini ukuklelisa ezinye izithiyo zezinsizakalo zewebhu ezi-RESTful?
Izikhathi azinakugcinwa njengoba izinsiza zihambisana nombono wokungabi nazwe. (Iklayenti linesibopho sokudlulisa i-id yeseshini kukho konke ukulingiswa kweseshini.)
Izithiyo zokuphepha azibalulekile ku-REST. Amaphrothokholi ayisebenzisayo njengefa lezinyathelo zokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, ukuqapha ngenkathi ubeka izinyathelo zokuphepha, njengokuhlanganisa ukuqinisekiswa okusekelwe ku-SSL/TLS, kubalulekile.
12. Yini ehlukanisa amasu e-PUT ne-POST kwelinye?
BHEKA:
- Ayikho inqolobane yezimpendulo ze-PUT.
- Idempotent (okungukuthi izicelo eziningi zizoletha umphumela ofanayo)
- isibuyekezo sokulayishwa kwenkokhelo kwesicelo noma sithatha indawo yesisetshenziswa esiqondiwe.
ISIQONDISO:
- idempotent not (okungukuthi, izicelo eziningi zizoletha ukuphindaphinda kwensiza efanayo)
- Iseva yewebhu icubungula ukulayishwa kwesicelo ngokusekelwe kusisetshenziswa esihlosiwe.
- Uma isihloko esifanelekile sokulawula inqolobane sifakiwe, izimpendulo ze-POST zingagcinwa.
13. Uzihlola kanjani izinsiza zewebhu ezi-RESTful?
I-RESTful yokuhlola isevisi yewebhu ingasizwa inani lamathuluzi, okuhlanganisa i-Swagger ne-Postman. Ukuhlola amapharamitha wesicelo njengamapharamitha wemibuzo, izihloko, nezihloko zempendulo kwenziwa kwenzeke ngenxa yobuningi bezici zakamuva.
I-postman ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izicelo kuma-endpoints futhi ibonise imiphumela. Futhi i-XML ne-JSON ingadalwa kusukela kulezi zimpendulo.
I-Postman ne-Swagger bobabili bahlinzeka ngokusebenza okuqhathaniseka kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Swagger inikezela ngamakhono afana nemibhalo ye-endpoint.
14. Chaza i-REST API emhlabeni wangempela.
- Amawebhusayithi okuhamba namathikithi angasebenzisa izikhathi zendiza kanye namanani ezinkampani zezindiza eziwenza atholakale ngama-API.
- Ukuze izinhlelo zokusebenza zamamephu nezokuzulazula (njenge-Google Amamephu) zizisebenzise, izikhungo zezokuthutha zomphakathi zivame ukwenza idatha yazo itholakale esidlangalaleni ngesikhathi sangempela ngama-API.
- Izinhlelo zokusebenza zesimo sezulu zisebenzisa ama-API avulekile ashintshanisa idatha yesimo sezulu ukuze abonise ulwazi lwesimo sezulu.
- Onjiniyela bangafinyelela idatha yokwenza imephu ye-Google Amamephu ngenombolo yama-API ayo esingethwe. Lawa ma-API asetshenziswa onjiniyela ukushumeka amamephu ashukumisayo ezinhlelweni zabo zokusebenza namawebhusayithi.
15. Isebenza kanjani iMicroservice Architecture?
- Izicelo zithunyelwa ngamakhasimende ahlukahlukene esebenzisa amadivaysi ahlukahlukene.
- Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ubunikazi bamakhasimende, abahlinzeki bomazisi bahlinzeka ngamathokheni okuphepha.
- Izicelo zeklayenti ziphethwe yi-API Gateway.
- Zonke izinto zesistimu zigcinwa njengokuqukethwe okumile.
- Ithuluzi lokuphatha lihlola ibhalansi yezinsizakalo kuma-node nanoma imaphi amaphutha.
- Ukuthola indlela yokuxhumana phakathi kwama-microservices kusizwa ukutholwa kwesevisi.
- Izikhungo zedatha namaseva elibamba enza amasistimu enethiwekhi ahlakazekile abizwa ngokuthi amanethiwekhi okulethwa kokuqukethwe.
- Izinsizakalo ezikude zinikeza ukufinyelela kolwazi kusukela kude.
16. Kuyini ngempela ukulondoloza isikhashana?
Umkhuba wokugcina okwesikhashana ikhophi yempendulo yeseva ndawana thize (njengememori yekhompyutha) ukuze uyifinyelele kamuva ngokushesha waziwa ngokuthi ukulondoloza isikhashana.
Ukugcinwa kunqolobane kuthuthukisa isivinini seseva uma usebenzisa ama-REST API ngokunciphisa inani lomsebenzi okufanele iseva iwenze ukwanelisa isicelo. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzisa i-API zisebenza ngokushesha ngenxa yokulondolozwa kwesikhashana ngoba akudingekile ukuthi zithumele isicelo esisha ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho zidinga insiza.
Inkambu ye-Cache-Control yesihloko sempendulo ye-HTTP iqukethe ulwazi mayelana nokuthi insiza ingagcinwa isikhathi esingakanani iklayenti ngaphambi kokuthi iphinde ifinyelelwe.
17. Chaza iholo.
Umthwalo okhokhelwayo ku-REST ubhekisela olwazini oluqukethwe emzimbeni wempendulo ye-HTTP. Ikhasimende lisebenzise indlela ye-GET ukuze licele idatha okukhulunywa ngayo.
Idokhumenti equkethe umbhalo we-tweet nanoma imaphi amafayela adingekayo okufaka i-tweet kuwebhusayithi izofakwa ekulayishweni okukhokhelwayo, isibonelo, uma ucela i-Twitter API i-tweet ethile. Ukwengeza, umthwalo okhokhelwayo ungafakwa esicelweni se-HTTP kusetshenziswa indlela ye-POST.
18. Hlukanisa INSIPHO Vs REST?
- Ngokungafani ne-SOAP, ekwazi ukuphatha i-XML kuphela, i-REST inika amandla uhla olubanzi lwamafomethi wensiza, okuhlanganisa i-XML, umbhalo, i-HTML, izithombe, ividiyo, nokuningi.
- Uma ukuphepha kubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza eziku-inthanethi, i-SOAP iyasiza. I-REST ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa lapho okwenziwayo kufanele kuqedwe ngokuvikelekile njengoba ingavikelekile ngokukhethekile.
- Njengoba i-SOAP iyiphrothokholi kuphela, i-REST ingayisebenzisa ezinsizeni zayo zewebhu kodwa hhayi ngenye indlela.
- Nakuba i-REST iyiphethini yezakhiwo kuphela esetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izinsizakalo zewebhu futhi ithobela imikhawulo ethile efana nokusethwa kweseva yeklayenti, ukungabi nasimo, impendulo ebambekayo, amasistimu anezingqimba, nesixhumi esibonakalayo esingaguquki, i-SOAP iyiphrothokholi esebenza ngezindinganiso ezithile okufanele zilandelwe ngokuqinile. ku.
- Nakuba i-REST isebenzisa izihlonzi zensiza jikelele (ama-URI), i-SOAP isebenzisa izixhumi ezibonakalayo ukuze inikeze amandla ayo ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zamaklayenti. I-REST inesidingo esiphansi somkhawulokudonsa kune-SOAP njengoba imilayezo ye-SOAP inolwazi oluningi.
19. Ingabe i-transport layer security protocol (TLS) ingasetshenziswa ne-REST?
Eqinisweni, singakwazi. Ukuxhumana kweklayenti le-REST neseva kubethelwa nge-TLS, futhi umthetho olandelwayo unikeza amaklayenti indlela yokuqinisekisa amaseva.
Ngenxa yokuthi ingena esikhundleni seSecure Socket Layer, isetshenziselwa ukuxhumana okuphephile (SSL). Ukusebenzisa amasevisi ewebhu e-RESTful kuphumelela nge-HTTPS ngoba isebenzisana ngempumelelo nakho kokubili i-TLS ne-SSL.
I-REST izuza njengefa izici zephrothokholi eyisebenzisayo, okuyinto eyodwa okumele uyiqaphele lapha. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuvikela kwezokuphepha kuncike kuphrothokholi esetshenziswa yi-REST.
20. Izindlela zokuntula amandla: ziyini? Isebenza kanjani emhlabeni wezinsizakalo zewebhu ezi-RESTful?
Uma i-URI ifana, ezinye izindlela ze-HTTP esicelweni zinomthelela ofanayo kuseva noma zilethwa kanye noma izikhathi ezimbalwa. Amasu angenalutho yiwo lawa aziwa njengawo.
Isibonelo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-URI esebenzisa indlela ye-GET isetshenziswa kangaki, iseva izohlala ithola umphumela ofanayo. Izindlela ezingenamandla zihlanganisa i-GET, PUT, ne-PATCH, ukusho ezimbalwa.
Izindlela ze-HTTP ezingenamandla ezinye zalezo ezisetshenziswa i-RESTful izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu. Ziyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvumelana emisebenzini ye-RESTful yezinsizakalo zewebhu.
Amakhasimende asebenzisa ama-REST API angenza amaphutha ekhodi aphoqa i-REST API ukuthi yenze izicelo eziphindaphindwayo ngephutha. Lezi zingcingo zinamandla okusebenzisa kabi izinsiza.
21. Yini umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa okuyisisekelo kwe-HTTP?
Uma usebenzisa Ukuqinisekiswa Okuyisisekelo njengengxenye yama-API, umsebenzisi kufanele athumele igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi, exhunywe isiphequluli ngendlela “igama lomsebenzisi: iphasiwedi” kanye ne-base64 efakwe ikhodi.
Kuso sonke isicelo se-HTTP kusuka kusiphequluli, inani elibhalwe ngekhodi lilethwa njengevelu yesihloko esithi "Ukugunyazwa". Ngenxa yokuthi imininingwane isanda kubhalwa ngekhodi, kuyanconywa ukuthi usebenzise leli fomu lapho uthumela izicelo ze-HTTPS ngoba azivikelekile futhi zingatholwa yinoma ubani uma izivumelwano zokuphepha zingasetshenziswa.
22. Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi i-GraphQL iyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu sokudala i-microservice architecture?
I-Microservices ne-GraphQL zihambisana kahle kakhulu ngoba i-GraphQL igcina i-microservice yakho iyimfihlo kumakhasimende akho.
Kusukela ekugcineni, ufuna yonke idatha yakho ivele ku-API eyodwa, kuyilapho usuka ekugcineni, ufuna ukuyihlukanisa ibe ngama-microservices. Indlela engcono kakhulu engiyaziyo yokufeza kokubili ukusebenzisa i-GraphQL.
Ikuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise i-backend yakho ibe yi-microservices ngenkathi usanikeza uhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye i-API eyodwa futhi ivumela ukujoyina kuyo yonke idatha evela kumasevisi ahlukahlukene.
23. Yimuphi umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwezindlela ze-HTTP eziphephile nezingenamandla?
Izindlela ezingenamandla zikhiqiza umphumela ofanayo lapho zicelwa kanye noma izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesicelo esifanayo. Indlela ye-PUT ayinamandla.
Zonke izindlela eziphephile azinamandla, kodwa akuzona zonke izindlela zokuntula eziphephile njengoba izindlela eziphephile aziguquli izinsiza. Isibonelo, i-GET ivikelekile njengoba ivele ibuyise idatha futhi ayishintshi insiza.
Ukwengeza, alinamandla, okusho ukuthi lizohlala libuyisela impendulo efanayo lapho licelwa.
24. Isho ukuthini i-JAX-RS API ngokuthi I-RESTful Root Resource Classes?
I-Java Enterprise Edition inikeza amakilasi nezixhumi ezibonakalayo ezinamathela ezimfuneko ze-JAX-RS API. Ngosizo lwe-JAX-RS, ukudala izinsiza zewebhu ze-Java ngesitayela sezakhiwo se-REST kwenziwa kwaba lula.
Ku-JAX-RS API, amakilasi ensiza yezimpande “ayizinto zakudala ze-java,” noma i-POJO. Ukuze basebenzise izinsiza zewebhu ezidingekayo, basebenzisa izichasiselo ze-JAX-RS.
Kungenzeka banezichasiselo ze-@path noma okungenani eyodwa yezindlela zabo inezichasiselo ze-@path. Angafingqwa njengamakilasi e-Java anezindlela zokubhekana neziphetho ze-API.
25. Iyini ngempela i-Postman, futhi kungani isetshenziswa?
Ithuluzi lokuthuthukisa i-API elibizwa ngokuthi i-Postman lisetshenziselwa ukudala, ukuhlola, nokuguqula ama-API. Leli thuluzi lingasetshenziswa onjiniyela kunoma yisiphi isici abasidingayo ku-API. Kwenza kube lula futhi kusize umsebenzi wonjiniyela.
I-Postman yenza kube lula ukwenza imibuzo ehlukahlukene ye-HTTP, ehlanganisa i-GET, POST, PUT, ne-PATCH, londoloza izindawo ozozisebenzisa kamuva, futhi uguqule ama-API ukuze akhode ngenani lezilimi ezahlukene.
Isigaba ngasinye somjikelezo we-API senziwa sibe lula nge-Postman, futhi ukubambisana kuyahlelwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-API ngokushesha.
Ukwengeza, inika amandla onjiniyela ukuthi baphathe imibhalo, imininingwane, amacala okuhlola, izinqubo, namakhathalogi e-API.
26. I-REST APIs igcinwa kanjani ivikelekile?
Njengoba ama-REST APIs engawasebenzisi njengezivikelo eziqinile njengama-SOAP API, idatha ebucayi akufanele ithunyelwe noma ibuyiswe kusetshenziswa yona.
Kodwa-ke, ama-REST API athembekile ayaqhubeka nokuhlanganisa izilawuli zokuphepha zokudluliswa kwedatha okuphephile nokunokwethenjelwa.
- Ukuqinisekisa nokugunyazwa: Isicelo ngasinye esenziwe ku-API kufanele siphumelele lokhu kuhlola okubili. Ukuqinisekisa ubunikazi beklayenti ngokufakazela ubuqiniso nokuqinisekisa ukuthi linegunya lokufinyelela izinsiza eziceliwe ngokugunyazwa kuyizinqubo ezimbili ezihlukene.
- Ukuqinisekisa: Ngaphambi kokuthi i-API inikeze ukufinyelela kuzisetshenziswa zayo, izicelo kusafanele zihlolwe ikhodi okungenzeka ibe yingozi ngemva kokuqinisekisa nokugunyazwa. Ngakho-ke iseva izovuleka ekuhlaselweni komjovo.
- Ukuqinisekisa: Ngaphambi kokuthi i-API inikeze ukufinyelela kuzisetshenziswa zayo, izicelo kusafanele zihlolwe ikhodi okungenzeka ibe yingozi ngemva kokuqinisekisa nokugunyazwa. Ngakho-ke iseva izovuleka ekuhlaselweni komjovo.
- Ukubethela: Ukubethela kwe-TLS/SSL kuvikela ukuxhumana phakathi kweklayenti neseva futhi kugcina izigebengu ze-inthanethi zingavimbeli izicelo nezimpendulo.
- Amasu okunciphisa isilinganiso, njengemikhawulo nokunyakazisa, avikela amaseva kusukela ekuhlaselweni okunamandla okufana ne-DDoS okuhloswe ukuwehlisa noma ukuwaphahlaza.
- Alukho ulwazi olubucayi kuma-URI: Ama-URI wezinsiza akufanele aqukathe idatha evikelwe (njengegama lomsebenzisi, iphasiwedi, noma ithokheni yokuqinisekisa).
Isiphetho
Siyakuhalalisela! Imibuzo eminingana eyisisekelo ukuya kweyinkimbinkimbi yenhlolokhono ye-REST API kanye nezisombululo zayo ezihlukene manje zisesandleni sakho.
Manje njengoba usunomqondo omuhle wokuthi ungayiphendula kanjani eminye yemibuzo evamile ye-REST API interview, ungaqhubeka uphendule kunhlolokhono. Isinyathelo esilandelayo sincike ezinhlosweni zakho.
Vakashela Uchungechunge Lwezingxoxo noHashdork ukulungiselela izingxoxo.
shiya impendulo