Isiqulatho[Fihla][Bonisa]
- 1. Yintoni kanye kanye i-TypeScript, kwaye yahluke njani kwiJavaScript?
- 2. Zeziphi ezinye iimpawu eziphawulekayo ze-TypeScript?
- 3. Zeziphi ezinye izibonelelo zokusebenzisa i-TypeScript?
- 4. Zeziphi ezinye iingxaki zokusebenzisa i-TypeScript?
- 5. Ngawaphi kanye amacandelo e-TypeScript?
- 6. Ngaba unokucacisa ujongano kwi-TypeScript?
- 7. Ziziphi izinto eziguquguqukayo kwi-TypeScript kwaye zibhengezwa njani ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo?
- 8. Ingasetyenziswa njani i-subset ye-interface ukuvelisa uhlobo olutsha?
- 9. Uthetha ukuthini xa uthi 'naziphi na' iintlobo, kwaye kufuneka ndisebenzise nini?
- 10. Lunjani u-TypeScript ulwimi olunokhetho oluchwetheziweyo lwe-syntax?
- 11. Kwi-TypeScript, zithetha ntoni iimodyuli?
- 12. Zisebenza njani ii-“enums” kwi-TypeScript?
- 13. Yintoni eyahlula imodyuli yangaphakathi kwimodyuli yangaphandle?
- 14. Ithetha ntoni i-TypeScript's Anonymous Function?
- 15. Kwi-TypeScript, yintoni isithuba segama kwaye usichaza njani esinye?
- 16. Zeziphi izilungisi zofikelelo ezixhaswa yi-TypeScript?
- 17. Ngaba i-TypeScript ivumela ukulayisha ngaphezulu komsebenzi?
- 18. I-TypeScript ivumela njani iingxoxo ezikhethiweyo kwimisebenzi?
- 19. I- var, let, and const yahluka njani enye kwenye?
- 20. Kwi-TypeScript, chaza abahombi?
- 21. Kwi-TypeScript, i-Mixins ithetha ntoni?
- 22. Yintoni kanye kanye i-Type Aliases kwi-TypeScript?
- 23. Lithetha ukuthini igama elithi “Scope variable”?
- 24. Yintoni kanye kanye i-NoImplicitAny esetyenziselwa yona?
- 25. Iintlobo zomanyano kunye nezokuhlangana zahluka njani enye kwenye?
- 26. Uyichaza njani i-TypeScript Declare Keyword?
- 27. Kwi-TypeScript, zithini iigenerics?
- 28. Ithetha ukuthini i-JSX kwi-TypeScript?
- 29. Yintoni i-TypeScript Ambients kwaye kufuneka ndiyisebenzise nini?
- 30. Uthetha ukuthini ngeklasi engabonakaliyo kwi-TypeScript?
- 31. Yintoni kanye kanye ifayile ye-TypeScript Map?
- 32. Kwi-TypeScript, zithini ii-asserations?
- isiphelo
IMicrosoft iphuhlisiwe kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuxhasa ulwimi lwenkqubo ye-TypeScript. Ngokudityaniswa kochwethezo olungatshintshiyo njengokhetho, luyi-syntactical superset yeJavaScript.
Ulwimi olukhulu lophuhliso lwesicelo I-TypeScript iqulunqa iJavaScript. Kuba i-TypeScript iseti enkulu yeJavaScript, iinkqubo ezibhalwe kwiJavaScript zikwasebenza kwi-TypeScript.
Nalu uluhlu olubanzi lweyona mibuzo yodliwano-ndlebe yomphuhlisi we-TypeScript kunye neempendulo ukuba unokuzimasa enye.
1. Yintoni kanye kanye i-TypeScript, kwaye yahluke njani kwiJavaScript?
Iseti enkulu yeJavaScript, iTypeScript iqokelela kwiJavaScript esemgangathweni. Ukusuka kwimbono yombono, i-TypeScript kunye neJavaScript zifana ne-SASS kunye ne-CSS.
Ngamanye amagama, i-TypeScript yi-ES6 JavaScript enobuchule obungakumbi. IJavaScript lulwimi lokubhala olufana ngakumbi nePython, ngelixa i-TypeScript ijolise kwinto, ulwimi oluchwetheziweyo oluthelekiswa neJava kunye neC #.
Iiklasi kunye nojongano zonke ziyinxalenye yoyilo lwe-TypeScript ejolise kwinto, kwaye uhlobo lokubethelela sesinye sezixhobo ezininzi ezifumanekayo ngenxa yokuchwetheza okungatshintshiyo.
IJavaScript ibhalwe kwifayile enolwandiso lwe .js, ngelixa iTypeScript ibhalwe kwifayile enolwandiso lwe .ts.
Ngokuchasene neJavaScript, ikhowudi ye-TypeScript ayikwazi ukuqhutyelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwisiphequluli okanye nakweyiphi na enye iqonga kwaye ayiqondwa ngabaphequluli. Iqonga ekujoliswe kulo lizakusebenzisa iJavaScript ecacileyo eyenziwe kwiifayile ze.ts kusetyenziswa umguquleli weTypeScript.
2. Zeziphi ezinye iimpawu eziphawulekayo ze-TypeScript?
- Ukuchwetheza okungatshintshiyo luphawu lwe-TypeScript enceda ukuchwetheza ukujonga ngexesha lokuhlanganisa. Ke, nangaphandle kokwenza iskripthi, unokubona iimpazamo kwikhowudi njengoko uyibhala.
- I-DOM inokutshintshwa ngokusebenzisa i-TypeScript ukongeza okanye ukususa izinto.
- Nayiphi na iNkqubo yokuSebenza, kuquka iWindows, iMacOS, kunye neLinux, inokuba ne-TypeScript compiler efakwe.
- Iiklasi, ujongano, kunye neemodyuli zezinye zemisebenzi enikezelwa yi-TypeScript. Inokwenza ikhowudi ejolise kwinto zombini kwicala lomxumi kunye nophuhliso lwecala lomncedisi.
- Uninzi lweempawu ze-ECMAScript 2015 (ES 6, 7) sele zibandakanyiwe kwi-TypeScript, kubandakanywa iklasi, i-interface, imisebenzi ye-Arrow, njl.
- Ukuba usebenzisa ukuchwetheza okuguquguqukayo kweJavaScript, i-TypeScript ikwaxhasa ukuchwetheza okungatshintshiyo.
3. Zeziphi ezinye izibonelelo zokusebenzisa i-TypeScript?
- Nayiphi na injini yeJavaScript okanye isikhangeli sinokusebenzisa iTypeScript kuba ikhawuleza, kulula ukuyifunda, kwaye ibaleka ngokukhawuleza.
- Yabelana ngendlela efanayo kunye nesemantics njengeJavaScript.
- Oku kunceda ukubhalwa ngokukhawuleza kwekhowudi yangaphambili ngabaphuhlisi be-backend.
- Ibandakanya i-ES6 kunye ne-ES7 yezakhono ezinokuthi umsebenzi kwiJavaScript Iinjini ze-ES5 ezifana ne-Node.js.
- Amathala eencwadi eJavaScript akhoyo afana neJQuery, D3.js, njl.njl. axhaswa ngefayile yeNgcaciso, enolwandiso lwe.d.ts.
- Iskripthi seJavaScript esele sikhona sinokubhengeza ikhowudi yeTypeScript. Ikwadibanisa ngaphandle komthungo kunye nezakhelo zeJavaScript zangoku kunye namathala eencwadi.
4. Zeziphi ezinye iingxaki zokusebenzisa i-TypeScript?
- Ukufakwa kweekhowudi nge-TypeScript kufuna inkqubo ende yoqulunqo.
- Ayizixhasi iiklasi ezingabonakaliyo.
- Uhlobo lweefayile zenkcazo ngumba.
- Naliphi na ithala leencwadi lesithathu kufuneka libe nefayile yenkcazo ukuze isetyenziswe.
- Inyathelo lokudibanisa liyimfuneko ukuguqula i-TypeScript ibe yiJavaScript ukuba sifuna ukwenza i-TypeScript application kwisikhangeli.
- IJavaScript isetyenziswe ngabaphuhlisi bewebhu iminyaka emininzi, kwaye i-TypeScript ayiboneleli nganto intsha.
5. Ngawaphi kanye amacandelo e-TypeScript?
Kwi-TypeScript, kukho iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zamacandelo, kuquka:
- ulwimi: Ibandakanya amanqakwana ohlobo, amagama angundoqo, kunye nesintaksi.
- I-TypeScript Compiler: Imiyalelo ye-TypeScript iguqulelwe kwiJavaScript ngulo mqokeleli (tsc).
- Inkonzo yoLwimi lweTypeScript: INkonzo yeeLwimi inikezela ngee -apps ezinjengomhleli njengomaleko wesibini ngaphezulu kwenkqubo esisiseko yokuhlanganisa. Iseti esemgangathweni yemisebenzi yokuhlela eqhelekileyo ixhaswa yinkonzo yolwimi.
6. Ngaba unokucacisa ujongano kwi-TypeScript?
I-TypeScript isebenzisa ujongano ukucacisa ulungelelwaniso lwamaqumrhu. Ngamanye amagama, iifom zedatha njengezinto okanye uluhlu lwezinto ezinokuchazwa kusetyenziswa ujongano. Igama elingundoqo lojongano, igama lojongano, kunye nenkcazo yalo isetyenziselwa ukubhengeza ujongano. Makhe sihlolisise ujongano olusisiseko lwento yomsebenzisi.
Uhlobo loguqulo lunokusetwa kusetyenziswa ujongano (ngokufanayo nendlela owabela ngayo iindidi zamandulo kuguquko). Iipropati zojongano ziyakuhlangatyezwa ngokokuguquguquka koMsebenzisi.
Iprojekthi yakho ye-TypeScript ixhamla kwi-interfaces kuba ibonelela ngokufana. Ukongeza, ujongano luphucula izixhobo zeprojekthi yakho ngokuphucula amandla okugqiba i-IDE kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba amaxabiso afanelekileyo anikwa abakhi kunye neendlela.
7. Ziziphi izinto eziguquguqukayo kwi-TypeScript kwaye zibhengezwa njani ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo?
I-variable yindawo echongiweyo ngokukodwa yememori esetyenziselwa ukubamba amaxabiso. Ikholoni (:) ibekwe emva kwegama eliguquguqukayo kwaye ilandelwa luhlobo xa ibhengeza utshintsho kwi-TypeScript. Sibhengeza izinto eziguquguqukayo ngegama elingundoqo le-var, njengakwiJavaScript.
Izikhokelo ezithile kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngelixa ubhengeza ukuguquguquka kwi-Typescript:
- Igama alinakuqala ngenani.
- Igama eliguquguqukayo kufuneka libe nonobumba okanye amanani.
- Isimboli sedola ($) kunye ne-underscore (_) kuphela kweempawu ezikhethekileyo ezivumelekileyo kule ndawo.
8. Ingasetyenziswa njani i-subset ye-interface ukuvelisa uhlobo olutsha?
Ngokunikezela ngodidi olukhoyo okanye ujongano kunye nokukhetha izitshixo ukuba zingaqukwa kudidi olutsha, ungenza udidi olutsha kwi-TypeScript usebenzisa udidi olusebenzayo lokushiya.
Umzekelo olandelayo ubonisa indlela yokwakha uhlobo olutsha olubizwa ngokuba yi-UserPreview esekelwe kwi-interface yomsebenzisi kodwa ingabandakanyi ipropathi ye-imeyile.
9. Uthetha ukuthini xa uthi 'naziphi na' iintlobo, kwaye kufuneka ndisebenzise nini?
Ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ugcine ixabiso kwi-variable, kodwa awuqinisekanga ngohlobo loguquko kwangaphambili. Ixabiso linokuvela kwigalelo lomsebenzisi okanye kwisicelo se-API, umzekelo. Unganika naluphi na uhlobo lwexabiso kudidi oluguquguqukayo ngokusebenzisa "naluphi na" uhlobo.
Xa uhlobo loguqulo lungachazwanga ngokucacileyo kwaye umqokeleli akakwazi ukumisela oko ukusuka kumxholo, i-TypeScript ikholelwa ukuba uguqulo lolo naluphi na uhlobo.
10. Lunjani u-TypeScript ulwimi olunokhetho oluchwetheziweyo lwe-syntax?
Kuyenzeka ukuyalela umqokeleli ukuba angahoyi udidi loguqulo kwi-TypeScript njengoko ichwethezwa ngokusisigxina. Naluphi na uhlobo lwedatha lunokusetyenziswa ukwabela naluphi na uhlobo lwexabiso kuguquko. Xa iqulunqwa, i-TypeScript ayizukubonelela nayiphi na impazamo yokujonga.
11. Kwi-TypeScript, zithetha ntoni iimodyuli?
Kuyasebenza ukuhlanganisa ndawonye izinto eziguquguqukayo ezifanelekileyo, imisebenzi, iiklasi, ujongano, njl.njl usebenzisa iimodyuli. Ingasetyenziswa, kodwa hayi kububanzi behlabathi, ngaphakathi kwendawo yayo kuphela.
Ngokwenyani, iimodyuli eziguquguqukayo ezichaziweyo, imisebenzi, iiklasi, kunye nojongano alunakufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kwemodyuli.
Igama elingundoqo lokuthumela ngaphandle lingasetyenziselwa ukwakha imodyuli, ngelixa igama elingundoqo lokungenisa lingasetyenziselwa ukubandakanya imodyuli kwenye imodyuli.
12. Zisebenza njani ii-“enums” kwi-TypeScript?
Indlela yokuchaza ingqokelela yee- constants ezibiziweyo kukusebenzisa ii-enums okanye iindidi ezibaliweyo. Ezi zakhiwo zedatha zinobude obusisigxina kunye neqoqo lamaxabiso asisigxina.
Xa imele ingqokelela yeendlela ezizezinye zexabiso elinikiweyo kwi-TypeScript, ii-enums zisetyenziswa rhoqo ukuchaza okunokwenzeka kusetyenziswa isethi yezitshixo/zexabiso lezibini.
Makhe sibone umzekeliso we-enum esetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zabasebenzisi.
Ii-Enums ziguqulelwa ngaphakathi zibe zizinto eziqhelekileyo zeJavaScript ngeTypeScript elandela ukuhlanganiswa. Ukusetyenziswa kwee-enums ke ngoko kuyathandeka kusetyenziso lwee-const ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo.
Ikhowudi yakho ichwetheza-ikhuselekile kwaye kulula ukuyiqonda ngenxa yeqela elinikezelwa yi-enum.
13. Yintoni eyahlula imodyuli yangaphakathi kwimodyuli yangaphandle?
Imodyuli yangaphakathi:
- Iimodyuli zangaphakathi zaziyinxalenye ye-Typescript's iteration yangaphambili.
- Igama kunye nomzimba weemodyuli zangaphakathi zichazwa kusetyenziswa iModyuliDeclarations.
- La ngamalungu ezinye iimodyuli zasekhaya okanye ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.
- Iiklasi, ujongano, imisebenzi, kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo zihlanganiswe ndawonye kwiimodyuli zangaphakathi, ezinokuthunyelwa kwenye imodyuli.
Imodyuli yangaphandle:
- Kwinguqulelo yamva nje, iimodyuli zangaphandle zibizwa ngokuba ziimodyuli.
- Ifayile yomthombo eyahlukileyo eyaziwa ngokuba yimodyuli yangaphandle isetyenziselwa ukuyidala, kwaye nganye nganye inesibhengezo sokungenisa okanye ukuthumela ngaphandle.
- Kwinguqulelo yamva nje, iimodyuli zangaphandle zibizwa ngokuba ziimodyuli.
- Iinkcazo zangaphakathi zeenkcazo zemodyuli zinokufihlwa ngokusebenzisa iimodyuli zangaphandle, zishiya nje iindlela kunye neengxabano ezixhunyiwe kwi-variable variable ebonakalayo.
14. Ithetha ntoni i-TypeScript's Anonymous Function?
Imisebenzi echazwe njengengaziwayo ayinagama lomsebenzi njengesichongi. Ezi nkqubo zichazwa ngokuguquguqukayo ngexesha lokusebenza. Njengemisebenzi eqhelekileyo, imisebenzi engaziwa inokuthatha amagalelo kwaye ivelise iziphumo.
Umsebenzi ongachazwanga ngokuqhelekileyo awufikeleleki xa sele uyiliwe. Uguquguquko lunokwabelwa umsebenzi ongaziwa.
15. Kwi-TypeScript, yintoni isithuba segama kwaye usichaza njani esinye?
Isithuba segama ngokwengqiqo sidibanisa imisebenzi. Ezi ngaphakathi zigcina ikhowudi yelifa lescriptscript. Ibandakanya iimpawu kunye nezinto ezinonxibelelwano oluthile.
Elinye igama lesithuba samagama yimodyuli yangaphakathi. I-Interfaces, iiklasi, imisebenzi, kunye nezinto eziguquguqukayo zonke zingabandakanywa kwindawo yamagama ukubonelela ngengqokelela yokusebenza okuxhunyiwe.
16. Zeziphi izilungisi zofikelelo ezixhaswa yi-TypeScript?
Le ilandelayo yimizekelo yendlela izilungisi zofikelelo zikawonke-wonke, zabucala, nezikhuselweyo kwi-TypeScript ezinokusetyenziswa ukulawula ukufikeleleka kwelungu leklasi:
- Uluntu - Ukufikelela kuyafumaneka kulo lonke ilungu leklasi, zonke iiklasi zenzala yayo, kunye nayo yonke imizekelo yeklasi.
- Zikhuselwe - Ziyafikeleleka kulo lonke ilungu leklasi kunye nazo zonke ii-subclasses zayo. Nangona kunjalo, umzekelo weklasi awukwazi ukufikelela.
- UFikelelo lwaBucala kubo luthintelwe kumalungu eklasi kuphela.
Kuba iJavaScript iluncedo, ukuba isilungisi sofikelelo asinikwanga, kuthathwa ngokuba sesidlangalaleni.
17. Ngaba i-TypeScript ivumela ukulayisha ngaphezulu komsebenzi?
Ewe, ukulayisha ngaphezulu komsebenzi kuxhaswa yi-TypeScript. Kodwa ngoku le yenziwayo iyamangalisa. Ke ngoko, xa ulayisha kakhulu nge-TypeScript, kukho umiliselo olunye nje olunoluhlu lokutyikitya.
Ngelixa utyikityo lwesibini luqulathe iparamitha yohlobo lokubhaliweyo, utyikityo lokuqala lune parameter enye yodidi lwenombolo. Umsebenzi wesithathu, obandakanya ingxabano yohlobo naluphi na, uqulethe ukuphunyezwa.
Ukuphunyezwa ke kugqiba uhlobo lweparameter enikeziweyo kwaye iqhuba icandelo elihlukeneyo lekhowudi ngokuhambelana nolo kuzimisela.
18. I-TypeScript ivumela njani iingxoxo ezikhethiweyo kwimisebenzi?
Ngokuchaseneyo neJavaScript, ukuba uzama ukubiza umsebenzi ngaphandle kokuchaza inani elichanekileyo kunye neentlobo zeeparamitha njengoko kuchaziwe kutyikityo lomsebenzi wayo, umqokeleli weTypeScript uyakuphakamisa imposiso.
Ungasebenzisa iiparamitha ozikhethelayo ngokusebenzisa uphawu lombuzo ('?') ukujikeleza lo mba. Ibonisa ukuba iiparamitha ozikhethelayo zinokuchazwa ngokudibanisa "?" kwabo banokufumana okanye bangafumani xabiso.
19. I- var, let, and const yahluka njani enye kwenye?
Iindlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zokubhengeza ukuguquguquka zinikezelwa yi-TypeScript, nganye inesicelo esicetyiswayo.
var: Ibhengeza ukuguquguquka kwehlabathi okanye okunobubanzi bomsebenzi kunye neJavaScript's var variables' yokuziphatha kunye nezikhokelo zescoping. Izinto eziguquguqukayo azidingi amaxabiso azo ukuba abekwe xa zibhengezwa.
vumela: ibhengeza umahluko webhloko emiselwe ekuhlaleni. Vumela izinto eziguquguqukayo azifuni ixabiso loguquko ukuze libekwe xa zibhengezwa. Igama elithi "i-block-scoped local variable" ibhekisa kuguquko olunokufikelelwa kuphela ngaphakathi kwibhloko equlethwe kuyo, njengomsebenzi, ibhloko ukuba/enye, okanye iluphu. Vumela izinto eziguquguqukayo azinakufundwa ukusuka okanye zibhalelwe phambi kokuba zibhengezwe, ngokuchaseneyo ne- var.
nengngqi: Ichaza ixabiso lebloko-scoped constant engenakutshintshwa emva kokuba iqalisiwe. Iinguqu zeConst kufuneka ziqaliswe ngaphambi kokuba zibhengezwe. Kwizinto eziguquguqukayo ezihlala zingaguquguquki ngexesha lobukho bazo bonke, oku kulungile.
20. Kwi-TypeScript, chaza abahombi?
I-accessor, ipropati, ipharamitha, iklasi, umsebenzi, okanye umhlobisi unokubhengezwa ngendlela ethile njengabahlobisi. Abahombisi yimisebenzi enesimaphambili se-@expression esiya kuthi sibhengezwe ngexesha lokusebenza kunye neenkcukacha malunga nesibhengezo esihonjisiweyo.
Intetho kufuneka ivavanye umsebenzi ukuze abahombi basebenze.
Ii-Decorators ze-TypeScript zibonelela ngenjongo yokongeza izichasiselo kunye nolwazi kwikhowudi yangoku.
Kwifayile yethu ye-tsconfig.json okanye kumgca womyalelo, kufuneka uvule i-experimentalDecorators compiler inketho yokuhlanganisa ukuze wenze inkxaso yovavanyo yabahombisi:
21. Kwi-TypeScript, i-Mixins ithetha ntoni?
Imixube bubuchule bokwenza iiklasi ukusuka kwiindawo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwiJavascript kunye nokuxuba iiklasi ezingaphelelanga ukwenza iiklasi ezigcweleyo ezinzima.
Ingqikelelo ithe ngqo: umsebenzi B wamkela udidi A kwaye ubuyisela udidi olutsha kunye nokusebenza kwalo okongeziweyo, ngokuchasene nodidi A olwandisiweyo lweklasi B ukufumana ukusebenza kwalo. Umsebenzi B kule meko ngumxube.
22. Yintoni kanye kanye i-Type Aliases kwi-TypeScript?
Uhlobo lweziteketiso lutshintsha igama lohlobo. Chwetheza iziteketiso, njengojongano, zingasetyenziswa ukubiza amagama amandulo, iimanyano, iituples, kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iindidi ezinokuthi ngenye indlela zichazwe ngesandla.
I-aliasing ayidali uhlobo olutsha; kunokuba, itshintsha igama lohlobo olukhoyo. Ukwenza i-aliasing ye-primitive akwenzeki ngokwenene, nangona kunokuba luncedo kumaxwebhu.
Chwetheza iziteketiso, njengojongano, zinokuba jikelele; into ekufuneka uyenzile kukongeza uhlobo lweeparamitha kwaye uzisebenzise kwicala lasekunene lesibhengezo.
23. Lithetha ukuthini igama elithi “Scope variable”?
IJavaScript ixhasa zombini iiguquguquko zasekhaya kunye nezehlabathi jikelele. Umda yingqokelela yezinto, izinto eziguquguqukayo, kunye nemisebenzi.
Umzekelo wokubhengeza ukuguquguquka kwimida emibini ngulo:
- Ukuguquguquka kunye noMda weNdawo-Isebenza njengento yokusebenza yokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwemisebenzi.
- Ukuguquguquka kunye nobubanzi behlabathi - Le nto yefestile ingasetyenziswa ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwemisebenzi
24. Yintoni kanye kanye i-NoImplicitAny esetyenziselwa yona?
Unyango lomqokeleli we-TypeScript weprojekthi yakho efihlakeleyo naluphi na uhlobo lutshintshwa yi-noImplicitNayiphi impahla kwi-tsconfig.json yoqwalaselo lwefayile yeeprojekthi ze-TypeScript.
I-noImplicitNayiphi iflegi inokumiselwa ukuba iyinyani okanye bubuxoki kwaye ihlala itshintsha emva kokuqalisa. Njengoko iprojekthi nganye yahlukile, akukho mpendulo ichanekileyo okanye engalunganga malunga nokuba lenani kufuneka libe yintoni.
Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kweendawo ezivulelekileyo nezivaliweyo zeflegi kunokukunceda ukhethe ukuba yeyiphi isethingi oza kuyisebenzisela iflegi.
Umqokeleli akamisela uhlobo loguqulo olusekwe kwindlela esetyenziswa ngayo ukuba i-noImplicitNayiphi iflegi imiselwe kubuxoki (okungagqibekanga). Udidi endaweni yoko lusetwe kuyo nayiphi na ngokungagqibekanga ngumqokeleli.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-noImplicitAny inketho isetelwe kwinyani, umqokeleli uya kwenza umzamo wokulinganisa uhlobo kwaye uya kuphakamisa impazamo yexesha lokuqokelela ukuba akakwazi ukwenza njalo.
25. Iintlobo zomanyano kunye nezokuhlangana zahluka njani enye kwenye?
Esikhundleni sokuvelisa iintlobo ezintsha ukusuka ekuqaleni, iimanyano kunye neentlobo ze-intersection zikuvumela ukuba uqulunqe kwaye udibanise iintlobo ezikhoyo. Zombini imanyano kunye nokuhlangana zineempawu ezahlukileyo ezibenza bagqibelele kwiimeko ezithile zokusetyenziswa.
Uhlobo olunokuba lolunye lweentlobo ezininzi kubhekiswa kulo njengodidi lomanyano. Uluhlu lweentlobo eziya kusetyenziswa kudidi olutsha lwahlulwe kusetyenziswa i | (ibha ethe nkqo) isimboli kwiintlobo zomanyano.
Makhe sijonge umzekeliso:
Kwelinye icala, isiphambuka sichazwa njengodidi oludibanisa iindidi ezininzi zibe nye, ludibanisa zonke iimpawu zodidi ngalunye ukwenza uhlobo olutsha. Uluhlu lweentlobo eziya kudityaniswa lwahlulwe ngokweendlela kusetyenziswa i & isimboli.
Makhe sihlolisise umzekeliso:
26. Uyichaza njani i-TypeScript Declare Keyword?
Akukho zifayile zokubhengeza iTypeScript kwiilayibrari zeJavaScript okanye iziseko. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka usebenzise igama elingundoqo lokubhengeza ukuze ulisebenzise kwifayile ye-TypeScript ngaphandle kokudibana nazo naziphi na iimpazamo zokudibanisa.
Xa unqwenela ukukhankanya uguqulo olunokuthi lubekho kwenye indawo, usebenzisa igama eliphambili kwizibhengezo kunye neendlela.
27. Kwi-TypeScript, zithini iigenerics?
Isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-TypeScript Generics ibonelela ngendlela yokuvelisa iindawo ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe. Esikhundleni sokusebenza kunye nohlobo olulodwa lwedatha, inokuphuhlisa amacandelo anokusebenza ngoluhlu lweentlobo zedatha.
Ukongeza, ibonelela ngokhuseleko lohlobo ngaphandle kokuncama ukusebenza kakuhle okanye imveliso. Singakha iiklasi zamayeza enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngabenzi, imisebenzi yamayeza afana nalawo aveliswe ngabenzi, iindlela zamayeza afana nalawo aveliswe ngabenzi, kunye nojongano lwamayeza afana nalawo enziwe afana nalawo aveliswe ngabenzi.
Iigenerics ziziingqokelela ezichwetheziweyo kakhulu kuba uhlobo lweparamitha lubhalwe phakathi kwezibiyeli ezivuliweyo () kunye nezivaliweyo (>). Isebenzisa uhlobo olulodwa lohlobo oluguquguqukayo olubizwa ngokuba yi-T emele iindidi.
28. Ithetha ukuthini i-JSX kwi-TypeScript?
I-JSX yiJavaScript esemthethweni enokuguqulwa ukusuka kwi-XML elungiselelwayo-njenge-syntax. Kunye nesakhelo seReact, i-JSX yafumana ukuthandwa.
Ukudityaniswa okuthe ngqo, ukuqinisekiswa kohlobo, kunye nofakelo lwe-JSX kwiJavaScript zixhaswa yi-TypeScript. Kufuneka unike ifayile yakho a.tsx ulwandiso kwaye uvule iJSX ukhetho ukuba unqwenela ukulisebenzisa.
29. Yintoni i-TypeScript Ambients kwaye kufuneka ndiyisebenzise nini?
Umqokeleli unolwazi malunga nekhowudi yomthombo wokwenyani ebekwe kwenye indawo ngezibhengezo ezingqongileyo.
Iyakwaphuka ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili ukuba sizama ukusebenzisa ezi khowudi zomthombo ngexesha lokusebenza kodwa azikho. Iifayile ezinjengoxwebhu ziifayile zenkcazo ezingqongileyo.
Ukuba umthombo uyatshintsha, amaxwebhu kufuneka ahlaziywe, kwaye imiba yomqokeleli iya kuba nesiphumo ukuba ifayile ye-ambient declaration ayitshintshwanga.
Ukongeza, isenza sikwazi ukusebenzisa iilayibrari zeJavaScript ezaziwayo esele zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, njengejQuery, AngularJS, NodeJS, njl.
30. Uthetha ukuthini ngeklasi engabonakaliyo kwi-TypeScript?
Iiklasi ze-Abstract zichaza ikhontrakthi yento ngaphandle kokuvumela into ngqo into. Nangona kunjalo, iklasi ye-abstract inokubonelela ngolwazi lokuphunyezwa kwelungu.
Ilungu elinye okanye ngaphezulu abstract inokufumaneka kwiklasi abstract. Amalungu angabonakaliyo e-superclass kufuneka emva koko abe nokuphunyezwa okubonelelwa zizo naziphi na iiklasi ezandisa iklasi ye-abstract.
Makhe sijonge kumzekelo we-TypeScript yeklasi engabonakaliyo kunye nokuba iklasi eyahlukileyo inokuyandisa njani. Nangona zombini Iiklasi zeMoto kunye neBhayisekile kumzekelo ongezantsi zandisa udidi lweSithuthi, nganye nganye iphumeza i-drive () umsebenzi ngendlela eyodwa.
31. Yintoni kanye kanye ifayile ye-TypeScript Map?
Ifayile yemephu yomthombo ebizwa ngokuba yi-TypeScript Map ifayile iqulethe idatha malunga neefayile zethu zoqobo. Iifayile zemephu yemvelaphi, okanye iifayile zemephu, vumela izixhobo zokwenza imephu phakathi kwekhowudi yeJavaScript ephumayo kunye neefayile zomthombo weTypeScript ezivelileyo.
Ukongeza, ezi fayile zinokutyiwa ngabalungisi, okusivumela ukuba silungise ifayile yeTypeScript kunefayile yeJavaScript.
32. Kwi-TypeScript, zithini ii-asserations?
Ngelixa isingqinisiso sohlobo sisebenza ngokufanayo nokuchwetheza kwezinye iilwimi njenge-C# kunye neJava, alwenzi uqinisekiso lohlobo okanye uhlenga-hlengiso lwedatha.
Ngelixa uqinisekiso lohlobo lungenasiphumo kwixesha lokuqhutywa, uhlobo lokusakha lubonelela ngale nkxaso. Iingqinisiso zohlobo, kwelinye icala, zisetyenziswa kuphela ngumqambi kwaye zibonelela ngesikhokelo malunga nendlela esifuna ukuba ikhowudi yethu ihlolwe ngayo.
isiphelo
Ukuqukumbela, sinethemba lokuba le mibuzo yodliwano-ndlebe ye-TypeScript iya kuba luncedo kuwe, nokuba ungumphuhlisi ulungiselela udliwano-ndlebe lomsebenzi okanye ungumphathi oqeshayo ozama ukufumana oyena mfaki-sicelo ubalaseleyo.
Khumbula ukuba inkqubo yokugaya ibandakanya ngaphezu kobuchule bobugcisa. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyawufumana (okanye ufunela umfaki-sicelo ofanelekileyo) umsebenzi, amava exesha elidlulileyo nezakhono ezithambileyo zibalulekile ngokulinganayo.
Uninzi lwemibuzo yodliwano-ndlebe ye-TypeScript ivulekile kwaye ayinayo impendulo enye, ke yigcine engqondweni.
Abaphandi banomdla kwingqiqo emva kweempendulo zakho.
Hlala ulungele ukuphinda ubuze imibuzo echaza ukuba ufikelele njani na kwimpendulo yakho. Chaza inkqubo yakho yokucinga.
Shiya iMpendulo