Isiqulatho[Fihla][Bonisa]
Xa ukhetha ilayibrari yesoftware okanye isakhelo, amava omphuhlisi adla ngokuthathelwa ingqalelo.
Xa ndikhankanya “amava omphuhlisi,” ndibhekisa kwindlela abaphuhlisi abawenza ngayo umsebenzi. Abaphuhlisi bakhetha amathala eencwadi okanye izikhokelo ezonwabisayo ukuzisebenzisa.
Esi sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuba kutheni ngoku sinawo amathala eencwadi adumileyo kunye nesikhokelo. Njengabaphuhlisi, akunyanzelekanga ukuba siqale ekuqaleni xa kukho izixhobo ezikhoyo ezidaliweyo ukusinceda kwimisebenzi yethu.
Iiframeworks ziziqwenga zesoftware ezenziwe kwaye zisetyenziswa ngabaphuhlisi ukwenza izicelo, kwaye iNextJS yenye yazo.
Kule post, siza kudlula i-Nextjs, iimpawu zayo eziphambili, kunye nendlela esinokuyisebenzisa ngayo ukwakha isicelo. Masitsibe kanye phakathi.
Yintoni i-Next.js?
Okulandelayo.js sisikhokelo seJavaScript sokwakha ngokukhawuleza nangokulula amaphepha ewebhu amileyo kunye neReact-based online applications. Ikuvumela ukuba uyile ii -apps zeWebhu ezinkulu ezahlukeneyo zamaqonga, kubandakanya iWindows, iLinux, kunye neMac.
Kufuneka uqhelene ne-Next.js isakhelo ukuba unolwazi oluncinci lwe-react kwaye ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi malunga ne-ecosystem esabelayo.
Nangona i-Next.js iza nayo yonke into oyifunayo ukuze uqalise, ungakhetha phakathi kwe-NPM kunye ne-Yarn, i-JavaScript kunye ne-TypeScript, i-CSS kunye ne-SCSS, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-static, kunye nokusasazwa okungenaseva.
Iimbonakalo
- Umzila wenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo - Awudingi kumisela nantoni na kuba nayiphi na i-URL ifakwe kwimephu kwindlela yefayile, kwiifayile ezikwifolda yamaphepha (unenketho yokwenza ngokwezifiso, kunjalo).
- Amacandelo eFayile eNye-Kulula ukongeza izitayile ezibekwe kwicandelo usebenzisa i-styled-jsx, edityaniswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye iveliswe liqela elinye.
- Ukulayisha kwakhona iKhowudi eshushu - Xa i-Next.js ibona ukuguqulwa okugcinwe kwidiski, iphinda ilayishe iphepha.
- Amalungu aDynamic-Ungalayisha ngamandla iimodyuli zeJavaScript kunye neReact Components.
- Ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-Static-I-Next.js ikuvumela ukuba uthumele indawo engatshintshiyo ngokupheleleyo kwi-app yakho ngomyalelo olandelayo wokuthumela ngaphandle.
- Ukuhambelana nokusiNgqongileyo-I-Next.js idibanisa ngaphandle komthungo neJavaScript, iNode, kunye neReact ecosystems.
- Ukwahlula iiKhowudi Ngokuzenzekela - Kuphela ngamathala eencwadi kunye neJavaScript efunekayo esetyenziswayo ukwenza amaphepha. Endaweni yokwenza ifayile yeJavaScript enye equlethe yonke ikhowudi ye-app, i-Next.js yahlulahlula ngobulumko i-app ibe yimithombo emininzi.
Indlela yokwenza isicelo esilandelayo.js?
ufakelo
Ungasebenzisa i node npx umyalelo ukufaka kunye nokwakha iprojekthi elandelayo.js.
Oku kuya kuvelisa ulawulo kunye nazo zonke iifayile, ulungelelwaniso, kunye nezinye izinto ezifunekayo ukuqhuba iprojekthi elandelayo.js.
Ungaqalisa i-app xa sele yenziwe.
Amaphepha & Indlela
Ukuphatha iindlela nge-Next.js, akufuneki sisebenzise isakhelo sendlela. Ukuhamba nge-Next.js yimpepho ukuseta. Xa usebenzisa umyalelo wokudala-olandelayo ukwakha usetyenziso olutsha lwe-Next.js, i-app yenza incwadi ebizwa ngokuba 'ngamaphepha' ngokungagqibekanga.
Eli 'phepha' ulawulo kulapho ugcine iindlela zakho. Ngenxa yoko, ifayile yecandelo ngalinye lisabela kuluhlu olungaphantsi luya kusingathwa njengendlela eyahlukileyo.
Umzekelo, ukuba isiqulathi seefayili sinezo fayile:
- index.js
- malunga.js
- aricles.js
Le fayile iya kuguqulwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngeendlela ezintathu:
- Iphepha lesalathiso lasekhaya/isalathisi
- Malunga nephepha localhost/malunga
- Iphepha lebhlog yendawo yokuhlala/amanqaku
Umzekelo wephepha le about.js liboniswe ngezantsi. Akukho nto inikezelweyo malunga nephepha, njengoko ubona. Yinto eqhelekileyo yecandelo elisebenzayo leReact.
Routes
Ukwenza iindlela ezinendlwane, kufuneka uqale umisele isiqulathi seefayili. Umzekelo: amaphepha/amanqaku. Yenza icandelo lakho le-'contact.js' yempendulo ngaphakathi kweso siqulathi seefayili, kwaye siyakuvelisa iphepha lasekhaya/amanqaku/ufowunelwa.
Ukuba ubeka ifayile enye kumaphepha/articles.js kunye nenye kumaphepha/articles/index.js. Zombini zibonisa indlela efanayo yendawo/ibhlog. Kule meko, i-Next.js izakwenza nje i-article.js ifayile. Kuthekani ngeendlela eziguquguqukayo, apho iposti nganye yebhlog inendlela yayo:
- localhost/blog/first-article
- localhost/blog/-yesibini-inqaku
Usebenzisa ubhalo lwezibiyeli, ungachaza indlela eguquguqukayo kwi-Next.js. Umzekelo: amaphepha/inqaku/[slug].js
IiNdlela zekhonkco
Uyigqibile ngoku indlela yakho yokuqala. Ndicinga ukuba ubuza indlela yokudibanisa amaphepha kwezo ndlela. Uyakufuna 'olandelayo/ikhonkco' ukwenza njalo.
Nanku umzekelo wephepha lasekhaya eliquka ikhonkco eliya malunga nephepha:
Ukuba unqwenela ukwenza isitayile ikhonkco, sebenzisa le syntax ilandelayo:
Phinda uqondise iindlela
Kuthekani ukuba ufuna ukunyanzela ukwalathiswa kwakhona kwiphepha elithile? Umzekelo, xa iqhosha licofa? Ungakwenza oku ngokusebenzisa 'router.push':
seo
Amaphepha kwizicelo zewebhu afuna i-meta (intloko) izinto ukongeza kwidatha ngaphakathi komzimba we-HTML. Oku kuya kufuna ufakelo lwemfuneko eyongezelelweyo ebizwa ngokuba yiReact Helmet kwiReact Application.
Singasebenzisa icandelo leNtloko ukusuka kwelandelayo/intloko ku-Okulandelayo ukongeza ngokulula imetadata kumaphepha ethu ewebhu aya kuboniswa kwiziphumo zophando kunye nokuzinzisa:
amacandelo
Kuya kufuneka rhoqo ukuphuhlisa amacandelo okanye ifayile yoyilo. Umzekelo, icandelo elinikezela nge-navbar. Sisanda kusebenzisa incwadi eneenkcukacha yamaphepha ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Kuthekani ukuba indawo yakho ayenzelwanga ukuba ibe liphepha lendlela?
Awufuni ukuba umsebenzisi ahambe aye kwiphepha elinje nge-localhost/navbar. Ukuba ubeka inxalenye yeNavbar.js kwincwadi eneenkcukacha yamaphepha, nantso into ezakwenzeka. Ufanele wenze ntoni kuloo meko?
Gcina ngokulula onke amalungu akho 'angelilo iphepha' kwifolda eyahlukileyo. Uninzi lweeprojekthi ze-Next.js zisebenzisa i-moniker 'inxalenye,' kwaye olu lawulo lwenziwa kwingcambu eneenkcukacha zeprojekthi yakho.
Icandelo lentloko
Umthwalo wephepha lokuqala unikezelwa ngu-Next.js kwicala lomncedisi. Ikwenza oku ngokuguqula iHTML yephepha lakho. Icandelo leheda lifakiwe.
I-Next.js Head component isetyenziselwa ukunika iithegi zecandelo leheader njengesihloko kunye nemeta. Icandelo leNtloko lisetyenziswe kulo mzekelo wecandelo loYilo.
Yenza iphepha elingama-404 alifumaneki
Kuyenzeka ukuba wenze elakho iphepha lempazamo le-404. Unganqwenela ukwenza umyalezo ngokusesikweni okanye wongeze uyilo lwakho lwephepha. Kwifolda yamaphepha, yenza ifayile ye-404.js.
Xa impazamo ye-404 isenzeka, i-Next.js iya kuphinda iqondise ngokuzenzekela kweli phepha. Nanku umzekelo wephepha le-404 elenzelwe wena:
Ukulandwa kwedatha kwicala leseva
Endaweni yokukhuphela idatha kwicala lomxhasi, i-Next.js ikuvumela ukuba uqhube inani lokuqala ledatha, nto leyo ethetha ukuthumela iphepha kunye nedatha esele igcwele kwiseva.
Unokhetho olubini lokuphumeza ukulanda idatha yecala leseva:
- Kufuneka kulandwe idatha kwisicelo ngasinye.
- Fumana kuphela idatha kube kanye kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwakha (indawo emileyo)
Fumana idatha kwisicelo ngasinye
Indlela ye getServerSideProps isetyenziswa kwicala leseva ukunika isicelo ngasinye. Lo msebenzi unokubandakanywa ekupheleni kwefayile yecandelo lakho. I-Next.js izakwenza ngokuzenzekelayo iipropu zecandelo lakho ngento ye-getServerSideProps ukuba lo msebenzi ukhona kwifayili yecandelo lakho.
Fumana idatha ngexesha lokwakha
Indlela ye-getStaticProps isetyenziselwa ukunika iseva-icala ngexesha lokwakha. Lo msebenzi unokubandakanywa ekupheleni kwefayile yecandelo lakho. Le ndlela iqhuba ikhowudi yomncedisi kwaye ithumela isicelo se-GET kumncedisi, kodwa kube kanye kuphela xa iprojekthi yethu igqityiwe.
Kutheni kufuneka ufunde Next.js?
Esinye sezizathu zoku kungenxa yokuba i-Next.js yakhiwe phezu kwe-React, i-toolkit yophuhliso lwangaphambili ukwenza ujongano lomsebenzisi lolo lukhetho lwam endiluthandayo lokuyila usetyenziso lwewebhu.
Kodwa ngekunganeli ukuba i-Next.js ayilunganga kwinto eyenzileyo… akunjalo?
Ke, yintoni kanye kanye eyenzayo?
Kufuneka siqale sichaze iikhonsepthi ezimbalwa ukuze siwaqonde. I-Next.js ifumene ukuthandwa ngenxa yokuba yasombulula ingxaki abaphuhlisi abaninzi bewebhu ababenayo kunye neeapps zewebhu ezisecaleni komxhasi (kwibhrawuza). Ezi ziCelo zePhepha elinye (ii-SPAs) zazinamava angcono njengoko zingadingi umsebenzisi ukuba alayishe kwakhona iphepha kwaye avunyelwe ukusebenzisana ngakumbi.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ubuninzi bezinto kwi-app efana nale ibonakala kuphela xa yenziwe kwi-browser, abakhangeli bewebhu banobunzima bokuqonda umxholo wombhalo we-app enjalo.
Ngenxa yoko, ngaphandle kokuthandwa kwazo, ii-SPA ezininzi zahlala zingaziwa kwiinjini ezinkulu zokukhangela ezifana neGoogle. I-Next.js ngoku iquka indlela eyomelele ngakumbi eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi yonikezelo lwecala leseva (SSR) yezahlulo zeReact.
I-Next.js ivumela abaphuhlisi ukuba bakhe ikhowudi yeJavaScript kumncedisi ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha kunye nokubonelela ngesiseko, isalathisi se-HTML kumsebenzisi.
eziluncedo
- Inkulu kumsebenzisi-amava
- Inkulu kwi-SEO
- Yakha iwebhusayithi engatshintshiyo ekhawulezayo kakhulu eziphatha njengentshukumo
- Ukuguquguquka ekwakheni i-UI & UX.
- Uninzi lweenzuzo zophuhliso
- Inkxaso enkulu yoluntu
neengozi
- Iiwebhusayithi okanye izicelo zinexesha elithile lokwakha okanye ukuphuhlisa.
- Kwimisebenzi ethile, i-Next.js ayanelanga. Abaphuhlisi kufuneka bakwazi ukwenza iindlela eziguquguqukayo besebenzisa izixhobo zeNode.js.
isiphelo
Njengoko ubona, i-Next.js yenza lula uphuhliso lwe-app ye-React kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ugxile kweyona nto ibalulekileyo-ingqiqo ye-app yakho kunye ne-UI. Ibandakanya yonke into efunekayo ukwenza iiapps zangoku, ezityebileyo kunye ne-API.
Ikwafanelekile kwiiprojekthi zomxholo kuphela, ezifana neeblogi kunye newebhusayithi zoshishino, ngenxa yobuchule bayo bokwakha amaphepha e-HTML angatshintshiyo.
Ngohlelo lwangoku, i-Next.js ayigcini nje kuphela umgangatho ophezulu wamava omphuhlisi kodwa inika izixhobo zokwandisa ukusebenza okubonakalayo kunye namava omsebenzisi, ukuqinisekisa ikamva eliqaqambileyo lesi sikhokelo.
Shiya iMpendulo