Sonke sikhe sibe namaphupha amabi okubuyela umva ngexesha.
Ngaba bekungayi kuba yinto emangalisayo ukubuyela umva ukuze utshintshe ukhetho olubi okanye ukhumbule isiganeko-loo minyaka yobuntwana ingenankathalo, ubusuku ophumelele iOscar, okanye ukukhawulezisa ukuya phambili ukuze ubone ukuba izinto zihamba njani kwikamva elikude?
I-nigma yokuhamba kwexesha inika umdla kwaye inika umdla.
Ngaba ukuhamba ixesha kunokwenzeka?
Ngaba singakwazi ukufumana indlela enqumlayo eya kwikamva okanye ucango lwexesha elidlulileyo?
Ngaba ekugqibeleni sinokulilawula ixesha ngokwalo sisebenzisa imigaqo yendalo? Kwakukade kucingwa ukuba ukuhamba ixesha akuhambelani nenzululwazi.
Bendisonqena ukuxoxa ngayo ndisoyika ukudibana njengegeza.
Kodwa andilumkanga ngale mihla. Ngokwenyani, ndifana nabakhi beStonehenge ngakumbi.
Ukuthanda kwam ixesha.
UMarilyn Monroe, ekukhuleni kwakhe, okanye uGalileo, esalathe iteleskopu yakhe ezinkwenkwezini, yayiya kuba yindawo yam yokuqala yokuma ukuba ndinokufikelela kumatshini wexesha.
Ndingade ndihambe ndiye fumanisa ukuba ibali lethu le-cosmic liphela njani ekupheleni kwe-cosmos.
Ukuze siqonde ukuba oku kunokucingeleka njani, kufuneka sijonge ixesha njengoko iingcali zefiziksi zisenza - kwinqanaba lesine.
Akunzima njengoko kubonakala. Wonke umfundi omamelayo uyazi ukuba yonke into esemhlabeni inamacala amathathu, kubandakanya nam ndihleli esitulweni sam.
Yonke into inemilinganiselo emithathu: ububanzi, ukuphakama, nobude.
Noko ke, kukho olunye uhlobo lobude—ubude bexesha.
Umntu unokuphila iminyaka engama-80, kodwa inkqubo yelanga iya kuqhubeka iibhiliyoni zeminyaka, kwaye amatye e-Stonehenge sele ekhona amawaka eminyaka.
Into nganye inobude, kwixesha nakwindawo. Ukuhamba ngale ndlela yesine kubandakanya ukuhamba ngexesha lonke.
Masisondele kancinci kwithiyori yayo yonke into ngoku.
Ithiyori yayo yonke into
Ukususela kwixesha le Isaac Newton, siye saqonda ukuba ubunzima kunye nomxhuzulane zihlobene ngokuntsonkothileyo.
Umzuzu wakhe wokumanyana owawutyholwa ekuqaleni, xa, ngaphandle kweblue, iapile lawela entlokweni yakhe ngelixa wayesonwabela iti yasemva kwemini phantsi komthi we-apile eWoolsthorpe.
Esi siganeko sakhokelela ekubeni uNewton acinge ukuba ukushukuma kwenyanga kumjikelezo wokujikeleza nokuwa kweapile emhlabeni kwakunokubangelwa ngamandla afanayo.
Uqhubekile ngokubonisa ukuba ibambe inyani kubo bonke abantu kwaye izenzo zomxhuzulane zitsala yonke imizimba kunye.
Kumaphepha-ndaba aloo maxesha kwathiwa “uthando ngumthetho womxhuzulane” kwanokuba “siqhutywa nje yimizimba ukuze sitsaleleke omnye komnye kukutsaleleka komnye komnye ngenxa yempembelelo yomxhuzulane kaNewton.”
U-Einstein ujoyina indawo.
Ngethiyori yakhe jikelele yonxulumano, u-Einstein waqhubela phambili ebaleni ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 kwaye wabonelela ngolunye ulwazi olumanyanisayo ngokubonisa indlela ubunzima kunye nomxhuzulane onxulumana ngayo nexesha.
Wazalelwa e1879, Einstein wabhala a iphepha ngo-1905 oko kuya kuyitshintsha ngonaphakade indlela esilijonga ngayo ihlabathi.
Indlela esikujonga ngayo ukukhanya iguqulwa ngokusisiseko ngulo msebenzi. Akukho mntu wayenike isantya sokukhanya nayiphi na ingqalelo ukuya kuthi ga kwelo nqanaba; yayiyenye nje into engaguquguqukiyo yendalo yonke ukuba iingcali zefiziksi zokulinga zazisebenzela ukulinganisa ngokucokisekileyo okwandayo. Kwakungekho ukuqonda okuncinane kwezandi zamaza okukhanya ahluke kakhulu kunye namaza amanzi.
Kodwa ungabonisa ukuba ixesha liyacotha kumntu ohambahambayo ngokusebenzisa i-arithmetic oyifunde esikolweni, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Pythagoras' theorem, kunye noncedo oluncinci oluvela kwifomula yokwandisa ixesha lika-Einstein.
Ngokutsho kwengcamango kaEinstein, kufuneka uhambe ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufuna ukucotha ixesha-ngokusisiseko, ukuba ufuna ukuhamba ixesha!
Cinga ngokuqalisa uhambo olusuka eMhlabeni ngonyaka wama-2000, umzekelo.
Xa uhamba ngoku kude kube ngunyaka ka-2032, uya kube uhamba ngesantya esijikeleze i-95% yesantya sokukhanya (malunga ne-285,000 km ngesekhondi).
Eyona nto imangalisayo kukuba uyakuba mncinci ngeminyaka engama-22 kunaye nabani na oshiye ngasemva, kwaye iwotshi yakho isenokuthi ngu-2010 xa i-2032 emhlabeni.
Oko kukwandiswa kwexesha, kwaye isebenza ngesantya esisezantsi ngokunjalo, kodwa kumlinganiselo omncinci kakhulu.
Ngoku, ukwakha umatshini wexesha.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukubamba: iikhilomitha ezingama-285,000 ngesekhondi zikhawuleza ngokwenene.
Kwanesona siphekepheke sikhawulezayo sinokusinda kuphela kwiatmosfera yoMhlaba ngesantya esibi se-10 km/s, ngelixa esona sithuthi sihamba emhlabeni singenako nokufikelela kwi-1 km/s.
Nokuba abantu banokuhamba ngezi santya, kuyathandabuzeka ukuba imizimba yethu inokumelana noxinzelelo. Ukuhamba kwexesha ukuya kwixesha elizayo kuyacingeleka kodwa okwangoku kunzima kakhulu. Noko ke, kuthekani ngexesha elidlulileyo?
Andazi ngawe, kodwa nanini na ndifunda nantoni na ngexesha lokuhamba, ndihlala ndiziva ndikhohlisiwe kancinci.
Lonke olu lwazi ndilunikwe, kodwa akukho mntu wakha wachaza indlela yokwenza umatshini wexesha.
Ngombulelo ongazenzisiyo UNjingalwazi uFrank Tipler, uyilo lwento enjalo lunikezelwe ngezantsi ukuze ungakukhohlisi.
Ngowe-1974, uTipler wabhala iphepha elichaza indlela yokwakha umatshini wexesha obizwa ngokuba yiTipler Cylinder. Unokubuyela umva ngexesha ngoncedo lwalo matshini.
Ukuqala, uya kufuna imali eninzi ukuze uthenge isilinda esikhulu. Ngenene ndithetha into enkulu—mhlawumbi ikhulu leekhilomitha ubude.
I-cylinder kufuneka ihlanganiswe ngokuqinileyo kwaye ibe nobunzima obulingana nobelanga.
Ukubona amaza omxhuzulane aphuma kwesi sakhiwo, kuya kufuneka usiqalise ukujikeleza ngokukhawuleza de sijike ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba siqalise ukonakalisa ilaphu lendawo kunye nexesha.
Isilumkiso sezempilo sikwayimfuneko njengoko ukusondela kakhulu kwisakhiwo esishinyene ngolo hlobo kunokuba yingxaki.
Sitsalelwa kumphezulu woMhlaba ngobunzima bawo, kodwa ukusondela kakhulu kuyo nantoni na le inkulu kunokuba yingozi kakhulu kuba inokutsalela kwicala layo kwaye ikutyumze.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unokufikelela ngaphaya kwalo mba wokugquma, sondela kwicylinder ejikelezayo kwaye uqale ukulandelela ukujikeleza kwayo.
Xa usenjenjalo, izinto ezingaqhelekanga ziya kuqala ukwenzeka. Ngenxa yokuba ukujikeleza isilinda kwelinye icala lokujikeleza kuya kubangela ukuba ubuye umva ngexesha, indlela yakho, ehlala ikuqhubela phambili ngokungenakuthelekiswa nanto ngokuhamba kwexesha, iyatshintsha.
Umatshini ubangela ukuba ixesha libuyele ngasemva; ngenxa yoko, okukhona umva ekuhambeni kwexesha, kokukhona ulandela ukujikeleza komatshini.
Hamba ngokulula kwi-cylinder kwaye ubuyele eMhlabeni ukuze ubuyisele intshukumo eqhelekileyo, kwaye uya kuzifumana ubuyile ngoku, nangona ngandlel 'ithile oko kwakunjalo kwixesha elidlulileyo.
isiphelo
Ukuhamba ixesha yinto yokwenyani, ewe.
Kodwa yohluke kancinane kwinto oye wayibona ngokungathandabuzekiyo kwiimuvi. Kunokwenzeka ukuba uzive ixesha lidlula ngesantya esingesinye sesibini ngomzuzwana phantsi kweemeko ezithile.
Kufuneka siluqonde olu hlobo lohambo lwexesha lwenzeka kwihlabathi lokwenyani ngenxa yezinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo.
Shiya iMpendulo