Unokucinga ukuba uTesla ligama elaziwayo kwishishini leemoto xa ucinga ngabo. UTesla, uvulindlela kwiimoto zombane, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo. Nangona kunjalo, bayifemu yetekhnoloji, eyimfihlelo yempumelelo yabo.
Enye yezinto ezenze ishishini labo laphumelela kukusetyenziswa kwe kukubhadla okungeyonyani ubugcisa. I-automation epheleleyo yezithuthi zikaTesla yenye yezinto eziphambili eziphambili zenkampani ngoku, kwaye ukufezekisa le njongo, basebenzisa i-AI kunye namacandelo ayo amaninzi.
Ngokubhengeza ukufika kwayo ekuqaleni kuka-2021, tesla yadala isiphithiphithi kwilizwekazi. U-Elon Musk sele ekulungele ukuseka i-Bangalore, eIndiya, njengendawo yokuvelisa yaseTesla yaseIndiya.
Iingcali ze-AI eIndiya ziye zachwayita njengoko iimemes kunye neetweets malunga nokuba "iimoto eziziqhubayo" ezidunyiswa kakhulu ziya kusebenza njani eIndiya.
Lonke iliza lobukrelekrele bokwenziwa obuya kuthi ekugqibeleni bulawule umhlaba buyaqalisa.
Esi sithuba siya kuhlola nzulu indlela iTesla edibanisa ngayo i-AI kwinkqubo yayo, kuquka iinkcukacha kunye nolunye ulwazi.
Ke, i-AI ikufundisa njani ukuQhuba ngokuZimela kwiiMoto?
Izithuthi ezizimeleyo ngokuqhubekayo ukuhlalutya idatha evela kuluvo lwabo kunye neekhamera zombono womatshini ukuze bakwazi ukuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo. Basebenzisa le datha ukwenza isigqibo sokuba benze ntoni ngokulandelayo.
Basebenzisa i-AI ukuze baqonde kwaye baqikelele iintshukumo ezilandelayo zeebhayisekile, abahambi ngeenyawo, kunye neemoto. Banokusebenzisa olu lwazi ukucwangcisa ngokukhawuleza izenzo zabo kwaye benze izigqibo eziqhekezayo.
Ngaba imoto kufuneka iqhubeke kwindlela ekuyo okanye kufuneka itshintshe iindlela? Ngaba ifanele iqhubeke apho ikhoyo okanye idlule inqwelo-mafutha ephambi kwayo? Isithuthi kufuneka sithotywe okanye sikhawuleze nini?
I-Tesla kufuneka iqokelele idatha efanelekileyo yokuqeqesha i-algorithms kunye nokondla ii-AI zayo ukwenzela ukuba iimoto zikwazi ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo. Ukusebenza okungcono kuya kuhlala kubangelwa kwiinkcukacha ezininzi zoqeqesho, kwaye iTesla ikhanya kule ndawo.
Inyaniso yokuba iTesla igcwele yonke idatha yayo ukusuka kumakhulu amawaka eenqwelo zeTesla ngoku ezisendleleni zibanika inzuzo yokukhuphisana. Zombini iinzwa zangaphakathi nangaphandle zilandelela indlela iTeslas eziphatha ngayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Bakwaqokelela ulwazi ngendlela abaqhubi abaziphatha ngayo, kuquka indlela abasabela ngayo kwiimeko ezithile nokuba babamba kangaphi ivili lokuqhuba okanye ideshbhodi.
"Ukufunda ngokuxelisa" ligama lesicwangciso sikaTesla. Izigidi zabaqhubi bokwenyani kwihlabathi liphela zenza izigwebo, ziphendule, kwaye zishukume, kwaye i-algorithms yabo ifunda kwezo zenzo. Zonke ezo khilomitha zikhokelela kwiimoto ezizimeleyo ezinobunkunkqele obumangalisayo.
Inkqubo yabo yokulandelela ihambele phambili ngokwenene. Umzekelo, uTesla ugcina umfanekiso wedatha welo xesha, uyongeze kwiseti yedatha kwaye emva koko aphinde enze umboniso ongabonakaliyo wehlabathi esebenzisa iimilo ezinombala ezinokuthi inethiwekhi yomnatha banokufunda kwi. Oku kwenzeka xa isithuthi sikaTesla siqikelela ukuziphatha kwemoto okanye ibhayisekile ngokungalunganga.
Amanye amashishini aphuhlisa izithuthi ezizimeleyo athembele idatha yokwenziwa, engasebenzi ngokuphawulekayo kunedatha yehlabathi lokwenyani esetyenziswa nguTesla ukuqeqesha ii-AI zayo (umzekelo, ukuqhuba ukuziphatha kwimidlalo yevidiyo efana neGrand Theft Auto).
Ngoku siza kuvavanya amacandelo eTesla athatha ithuba le-AI.
Amacandelo eTesla athatha ithuba le-AI
Ikhamera kunye neeSeva
Uxanduva ekufuneka uTesla alugqibe luyaziwa kakhulu. Yonke le misebenzi, ukusuka ekuchongeni indlela ukuya ekukhangelweni kwabahambi ngeenyawo, yenziwa ngexesha lokwenyani. I-Tesla isebenze ngoncedo lweekhamera ze-8 ngenxa yesi sizathu. Ukongezelela, ubukho bezi khamera zininzi buqinisekisa ukuba akukho ndawo ingaboniyo nokuba yonke indawo ejikeleze inqwelo-mafutha igutyungelwe.
Yinyani le uyifundileyo! akukho LIDAR Akukho sistim yenkcazo ephezulu yemephu. UTesla ufuna ukusebenzisa umbono wekhompyuter kuphela, yokufunda umatshini, kunye neefidi zevidiyo zekhamera ukwenza imodeli ye-auto pilot. IiNethiwekhi ze-Convolutional Neural (CNNs) zisetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya ividiyo ekrwada ukuze kulandelwe kwaye ukubona izinto.
I-Tesla yokuzimela Kananjalo ineradar kunye ne-ultrasonic sensors ukongeza kwiikhamera. I-radar isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa nokulinganisa ukwahlula phakathi kwezithuthi kunye nezinye izinto. Ukuze ukwandise ukhuseleko lomqhubi, ii-sensor ze-ultrasonic zikwasebenza ngokuhambelana nokubeka iliso ngokusondeleyo kunye nezinto ezingenzi nto.
Ukuze uqonde indawo engqongileyo yemoto kwaye wenze i-autopilot i-autopilot ikwazi ukuphendula ngokusemandleni, i-neural networks ihlanganiswe ne-hardware ye-Tesla.
Tesla FSD Chip -3
Ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko ezindleleni, iinkqubo zeTesla ziquka iiprosesa ezimbini ze-AI. Inkqubo yeTesla izama ukungabi nampazamo. Nokuba iyunithi enye iyasilela, inqwelo-mafutha isenokusebenza isebenzisa iiyunithi ezongezelelweyo ngenxa yamandla okugcina kunye nemithombo yedatha.
I-Tesla isebenzisa le milinganiselo eyongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimoto zixhotyiswe kakuhle ukuphepha ukungqubana xa kwenzeka ukungaphumeleli okungalindelekanga. Kuphela ke Ingqondo yomntu inokwenza imisebenzi emininzi ngesekhondi kuneTesla microprocessor entsha (imisebenzi ye-quadrillion ngesekhondi). Oko kumalunga namaxesha angama-1 anamandla ngaphezu kweTesla Nvidia microchips ebezisetyenziswa ngaphambili.
TI-esla ngokungathandabuzekiyo iyinkokeli yemarike yeelocomotives ezizimeleyo ezizimeleyo, kodwa isekude nokuvelisa imoto eyi-autopilot.
Kwixesha elizayo, imoto eneempawu esizichazileyo kwesi sincoko ngokungathandabuzekiyo iya kuba yinto eqhelekileyo. I-Tesla izenzele eyayo iprosesa ye-AI yokusika kunye ne-neural network architecture.
Uqeqesho lweNeural Network
Imodeli kwakhona kufuneka iqeqeshwe emva kothungelwano lwe-neural zidalwe. Siyazi ukuba uTesla ubeke uluhlu olubanzi lwamathala eencwadi kunye nezixhobo ukwenzela ukuba kuvumeleke ikhono lokujonga ikhompyutha.
IPytorch, eyadalwa yi-Facebook ye-AI yoPhando lwesebe, yenye yesakhelo esinjalo (FAIR). IPyTorch isetyenziswa yi Tesla tech stack ukuqeqesha imodeli yokufunda enzulu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba uTesla akathembeli kwiimephu okanye kwi-LIDAR ukufezekisa ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo. Iikhamera kunye nombono ococekileyo wekhompyuter zisetyenziswa kuphela, kwaye yonke into yenziwa ngexesha langempela.
UTesla usebenzisa iPytorch kuqeqesho kunye nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo encedisayo efana ukuhambahamba komsebenzi ukucwangcisa, ulungelelwaniso lwemigangatho yemodeli, uvavanyo olucokisekileyo, uvavanyo lokwenziwa, uvavanyo lokulinganisa, njl.
UTesla uchitha malunga ne-70,000 yeeyure ze-GPU eqeqesha iinethiwekhi ze-48 ezenza i-1,000 yokuqikelela okuhlukileyo. Olu qeqesho luyaqhuba, hayi kanye. Siyazi ukuba ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa yinkqubo ephindaphindwayo eqhubela phambili ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngenxa yoko, zonke iingqikelelo ezihlukeneyo ze-1000 zihlala zichanekile kwaye azisoze ziphazamiseke.
IHydraNet
Kukho malunga ne-100 lemisebenzi eqhubekayo nangaliphi na ixesha, nokuba imoto ingahambi kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba ikwisiphambano sendlela. Ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-neural kuwo wonke umsebenzi kuneendleko kwaye akusebenzi. Izixa ezikhulu zolwazi zicutshungulwa ngexesha langempela yi-AI kwiimoto zeTesla.
Ngenxa yoko, i-ResNet-50 i-backbone ekwabelwana ngayo, ekwazi ukucubungula imifanekiso ye-1000 x 1000 kanye, isebenza njengeyunithi yokucubungula ephakathi kwi-Computer Vision workflow.
Kufuphi nomphezulu wothungelwano, uyilo lwenethiwekhi ye-neural ye-HydraNet yahlulahlulwe kumasebe amaninzi (okanye iintloko). Ngokwenza i-micro-batch nganye yedatha yoqeqesho ilinganiswe ngokwahlukileyo kwiintloko ezininzi, ezi ntloko zifundiswa ngokuzimeleyo kwaye zifunde izinto ezahlukileyo.
Ewe kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezininzi zezi HydraNets zisebenza kunye ukucubungula i-AI yezithuthi. Ulwazi lweHydraNet nganye lusetyenziselwa ukulungisa iingxaki eziqhubekayo.
Ngokomzekelo, umsebenzi unokusebenza wokuphatha iimpawu zokumisa, omnye ukujongana nabahambi ngeenyawo, ukanti omnye ukujongana nemiqondiso yendlela. Le misebenzi yahlukileyo yonke iqhutywa ngumqolo omnye.
Ngokoyilo lweHydraNet, iqhezu elincinci lothungelwano olukhulu lwe-neural liyafuneka kumsebenzi ngamnye wale misebenzi.
Oku kufana ncakasana nokudlulisa ukufunda, apho iibhloko ezahlukileyo ziqeqeshelwa ibhloko eqhelekileyo kwimisebenzi ethile enxulumeneyo. Umqolo weHydraNets uqeqeshwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ngelixa iintloko zifundiswa kwimisebenzi ethile.
Oku kunciphisa ubungakanani bexesha elifunekayo ukuqeqesha imodeli kunye nokukhawulezisa inference.
Umxhasi weTesla
Iimoto ezinesakhono sokuzihambela ziyakwazi ukuzilawula, zikhawuleze, kwaye zime endleleni. Yakhiwe kusetyenziswa iikhonsepthi ezinzulu zothungelwano lwe-neural. Ijonga indawo ejikeleze imoto isebenzisa iikhamera, izinzwa ze-ultrasonic, kunye neradar.
Abaqhubi bayaziswa ngeendawo ezizungezile ngeenzwa kunye neekhamera, kwaye olu lwazi luhlalutywa kwimiba ye-millisecond ukuncedisa ukuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye kuncinci.
Kwiimeko eziqaqambileyo, ezimnyama, kunye neemeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo, iradar isetyenziselwa ukujonga kunye nokuqikelela indawo ejikeleze iimoto. Kuzo zonke iimeko, iindlela ze-ultraviolet zimisela ukusondela, kunye nevidiyo engabonakaliyo ichonga izinto ezikufutshane kwaye ikhuthaza ukuqhuba okukhuselekileyo.
Ukongeza, i-autopilot yenzelwe ukunceda umqhubi kwaye ayiguquli iTesla kwisithuthi esiziqhubayo. Yinto eqhelekileyo ukulumkisa abaqhubi ukuba bagcine izandla zabo phezu kwevili.
Uthotho lwezaziso zokuthatha ivili zivuselelwa ukuba awukwenzi njalo. Ukuba ingahoywa ixesha elide, imoto iqala ukucotha ngaphambi kokuba ime. Ngokuqhobosha, ukujika, okanye ukuvala isikhondo solawulo lokuhamba ngenqanawa, abaqhubi banokuhlala bengayihoyi imisebenzi ye-autopilot.
Imbonakalo yeliso leNtaka
Imifanekiso etolikwa yiTesla hardware ihlala ifuna imilinganiselo eyongezelelweyo. Inqaku leNyoni lokuJonga iliso lenza ukuba kube lula ukulinganisa imigama ethe qelele kwaye linikezela ngomboniso ochaneke ngakumbi welizwe langaphandle.
Yinkqubo yokubeka iliso ebonakalayo "enika" umfanekiso ophakamileyo wemoto ukwenza indawo yokupaka ilula kunye nokuhamba kwiindawo ezincinci lula. Ngaphandle kokubonelela ngezizathu eziqhwalelayo malunga nesakhono sakho sokupaka, ngoku ungalithatha ngokukhuselekileyo ivili.
Ikamva likaTesla
Ukuba ukhangela iSUV ephakathi kunye noluhlu oluqinileyo, i 2022 Tesla Model Y sisiqalo esihle kwii-EVs. Ngenxa yokuphuculwa kwesoftware rhoqo, iModeli Y ihlala iguquka, kufana nezinye iimveliso zikaTesla.
Ngokwandisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza, olu hlaziyo lunceda imoto yakho ibe luncedo ngakumbi. Kubantu abafuna ukuhamba imigama emide kunye nosapho kunye nemithwalo eyahlukeneyo, umzimba onamagumbi kunye nokufikelela kwinethiwekhi yeTesla's Supercharger yenza kube lukhetho oluhle.
Ukususela ekuqaleni kwayo, uTesla uye wazuza kwidatha evela kwisiseko sabathengi bangoku, kwaye umsebenzi wakhe kwiimoto ezizimeleyo yinxalenye yebhongo eliqhubekayo lokubeka i-AI kwindawo ephambili kuyo yonke imisebenzi yayo.
I-AI kunye nedatha enkulu iya kuqhubeka ibe ngu-Elon Musk kunye neqela lakhe kumahlakani athembekileyo kaTesla njengoko behamba kumanyathelo abo amatsha kuquka neminqweno yabo yokuguqula igridi yombane kunye neepaneli zamandla elanga zasekhaya.
isiphelo
I-Tesla, inkampani eyaziwa njengenye yezona zinto zintsha zemarike, isoloko isenza ukuqokelela idatha kunye nohlalutyo lweyona sixhobo sinamandla. Balandela imithetho efanayo xa kuziwa ekudaleni iitshiphusi zabo.
Ishishini liphuhlise izithuthi ezizimeleyo ezinokuthi zitshintshe ngokupheleleyo indlela esiqhuba ngayo iimoto ngokubulela kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nohlalutyo lwedatha.
Makhe sibone ukuba iqonga lizigcina njani izithembiso zalo kwaye liphuhlise ishishini lalo. Apho inkampani iya kungena kwintengiso yezithuthi ezizimeleyo kwixesha elizayo kusaza kubonakala emva kokusebenzisa obu buchwepheshe.
Shiya iMpendulo