Ukulawula onke amacandelo amaninzi esicelo sakho kunokuba ngumngeni ukuba uyasebenzisa Kubernetes, njengokuba usenokuba uyazi kakuhle. Kulapho iHelm ingena khona; sisisombululo esenza kube lula kuwe ukulawula usetyenziso lwakho lweKubernetes.
Ufumana ukuchaza kwaye ufake isicelo sakho kunye nenxalenye nganye yecandelo usebenzisa inqaku elithi "iitshathi" zeHelm.
Kweli nqaku, ndiza kukuhamba usebenzisa iitshathi zeHelm. Uya kukwazi ukuzisebenzisa ngokwakho. Nokuba umtsha kwi-Kubernetes, ndiyakholelwa ukuba uya kuxhamla kwesi sifundo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokulawulwa kokuthunyelwa kweKubernetes.
Isishwankathelo seHelm
Helm ngumphathi wepakethe ye-Kubernetes eyenza ukulawula kunye nokuthumela usetyenziso lube lula. Ukusetyenziswa "kweetshati" kwenza abasebenzisi benze, bafake, kwaye baphucule usetyenziso oluphucukileyo lweKubernetes. Ingqokelela yezixhobo zeKubernetes kunye noqwalaselo lunokwabelwana ngokulula.
Ezi zixhobo zinokusetyenziswa kwakhona kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezininzi kwaye zichazwa ngeetshathi, ezisebenza njengeetemplates. IHelm sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokusasazwa kweKubernetes. Ikwanayo neminye imisebenzi emininzi ebandakanya ukubuyisela umva, uguqulelo, kunye nolawulo lokuxhomekeka.
Iitshathi zeHelm
Iitshathi zeHelm ziqwalaselwe kwangaphambili iipakethe zemithombo ye-Kubernetes. Zinokufakwa ngokulula kwaye zitshintshwe ngeHelm. Iitshathi zenziwe ngamacandelo amaninzi, kubandakanywa iitemplates, iifayile zexabiso, kunye neefayile zemethadatha ezichaza izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya itshathi.
Iitshathi zeHelm zingagcinwa kwindawo yokugcina itshathi, eyingqokelela yeetshathi ezinokwabelwana ngazo kwaye zisasazwe kwiindawo ezininzi. IHelm ikwaxhasa uguqulelo, ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bagcine umkhondo weenguqulelo ezininzi zeetshathi zabo.
Ke, banokubuyela umva kwiinguqulelo zangaphambili ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Iitshathi zeHelm kunye namacandelo azo
Iitshathi zeHelm zenziwe ngengqokelela yeefayile ezichaza izixhobo zeKubernetes ezibandakanya isicelo. Ezi fayile zibonelela ngeetemplates ezicacisa izibonelelo ezininzi ze-Kubernetes ezibandakanya itshathi, ezifana nokuthunyelwa, iinkonzo, kunye neepods.
Abasebenzisi bangahlela ezi templates kwaye bachaze iiparameters ezithile zeemeko ezahlukeneyo besebenzisa iifayile zamaxabiso. Iifayile zemetadata, ezifana Itshathi. yaml, quka ulwazi malunga netshathi, njengegama layo, inguqulelo, kunye nokuxhomekeka.
Indawo yokugcina iitshati kunye noguqulelo
Iindawo zokugcina itshathi zinokubanjwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa GitHub, GitLab, yaye Amazon S3, kwaye inokongezwa kwiHelm usebenzisa ihelm repo yongeza umyalelo.
IHelm ikwaxhasa uguqulelo, ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba balandelele iinguqulelo ezininzi zeetshathi zabo kwaye bavele babuyele kwiinguqulelo zangaphambili ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Oku kwenza lula ulawulo kunye nokusasazwa kweenguqulelo ezininzi zesicelo kwiisethingi ezahlukeneyo njengophuhliso, ukwenziwa, kunye nemveliso.
Iinzuzo zokusebenzisa iitshathi zeHelm
Iitshathi zeHelm zineenzuzo ezininzi zokulawula usetyenziso lweKubernetes. Ukuqala, iitshathi zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba batshintshe ngokukhawuleza kwaye basebenzise kwakhona ukuseta kwii-apps ezininzi, ukonga ixesha kunye nomzamo xa ulawula ufakelo olunzima.
Iitshati zinokuguqulelwa kwakhona kwaye zigcinwe kwindawo yokugcina itshathi, ukuvumela ukuhanjiswa okulula kunye nokugcinwa kweenguqulelo ezininzi zesicelo.
Iifayile zexabiso zinokusetyenziselwa ukunyenyisa iitshathi, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukusasaza usetyenziso olufanayo kwiseto ezininzi ezinoqwalaselo olwahlukileyo. Lilonke, iitshathi zeHelm zenza lula kwaye zilinganise ulawulo lweseto ezintsonkothileyo zeKubernetes.
Ukwenza iTshati yoHelm
Itshathi yeHelm inokwenziwa ngamanyathelo ambalwa alula. Ukuqala, kufuneka ube neHelm CLI efakwe kwikhompyuter yakho yasekhaya. Emva koko, unokuqalisa ukwenza itshathi yakho.
Isikhokelo senyathelo ngesinyathelo sokwenza itshathi yeHelm
Qhuba ihelm yomyalelo yenza ukuvelisa itshathi entsha. Oku kuya kudala ulawulo olutsha kunye negama letshathi elikhethiweyo, eliya kubandakanya iifayile ezifunekayo kwitshathi yakho.
Ungabeka imetadata malunga netshati yakho kwiifayile zeChart.yaml, ezifana negama, inguqulelo, kunye nenkcazelo yazo.
Izicwangciso ezingagqibekanga zetshathi yakho zichazwe kwifayile ye values.yaml. Xa itshathi ifakiwe, olu seto lunokuguqulwa, luvumele ukwenziwa komntu.
Iitemplates/ ulawulo luquka iifayile ze-YAML ezichaza izixhobo ze-Kubernetes eziya kuveliswa xa ufaka itshathi. Ezi fayile zinokulungiswa ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno ezizodwa zesicelo sakho.
Emva kokuba ugqibile ukwenza itshathi yakho, sebenzisa umyalelo wephakheji yehelm ukuyipakisha. Oku kuya kuvelisa ifayile ye.tgz, enokugcinwa kwindawo yokugcina itshathi kwaye ifakwe usebenzisa ihelm yokuhlohla umyalelo.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeTshati yeHelm, njengeetemplates kunye neefayile zamaxabiso
Xa usakha itshathi yeHelm, kuya kufuneka ukuba uqhelane nezinto ezimbalwa ezahlukileyo.
Ungangenisa imetadata malunga netshati yakho kwiifayile zeChart.yaml, ezifana negama, inguqulelo, kunye nenkcazelo yazo. Kuzo zonke iitshathi, le fayile iyimfuneko.
Izicwangciso ezingagqibekanga zetshathi yakho zichazwe kwifayile ye values.yaml. Xa itshathi ifakiwe, olu seto lunokuguqulwa, luvumele ukwenziwa komntu. Zonke iitshathi zifuna le fayile ngokunjalo.
Iitemplates/ ulawulo luquka iifayile ze-YAML ezichaza izixhobo ze-Kubernetes eziya kuveliswa xa ufaka itshathi. Ezi fayile zinokulungiswa ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno ezizodwa zesicelo sakho.
Imizekelo esebenzayo yokunceda abasebenzisi benze iitshathi zabo zeHelm
Mininzi imizekelo yetshathi yeHelm efikelelekayo kwi-intanethi enokuthi isetyenziswe njengendawo yokuqala yokuphuhlisa iitshathi zakho. Amaxwebhu eHelm kunye nendawo yokugcina itshathi yeHelm esemthethweni zombini zinika imizekelo emininzi.
Ukwenza itshati yeHelm kwisicelo esisisiseko seNode.js ngumzekelo omnye osebenzayo. Umzobo uya kufuna ukubandakanya izixhobo ze-Kubernetes ezinje nge-Deployment, iNkonzo, kunye ne-ConfigMap. Ukuchaza umfanekiso wesicelo, izibuko, kunye naziphi na izinto eziguquguqukayo zemekobume, sebenzisa ixabiso lefayile yeyaml.
Abasebenzisi banokuphuhlisa iitshathi zabo zeHelm kwizicelo zabo zeKubernetes ngokulandela iindlela eziboniswe ngasentla kunye nokusebenzisa imizekelo ebonakalayo njengereferensi.
Ukufakela kunye nokuphucula ngeHelm
Ungasebenzisa itshathi yakho yeHelm ukufaka nokulawula ii-apps ze-Kubernetes emva kokuba uziphuhlise. Ukufakela itshati, sebenzisa i helm install
umyalelo, ulandelwa ligama letshathi kunye nazo naziphi ezinye izicwangciso.
Ukuphucula itshathi ekhoyo, sebenzisa i helm upgrade
umyalelo wokubuyisela ukhululo oludala kunye nentsha. I-Helm nayo ine- helm rollback
umyalelo onokuthi usetyenziswe ukuhlehlisa uhlaziyo.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeHelm
IHelm ikwanezakhono ezongezelelekileyo ezinokukunceda ekulawuleni usetyenziso lwakho lweKubernetes. Enye yezi nzuzo kukukwazi ukusebenzisa izinto eziguquguqukayo zokusingqongileyo ukuguqula iitshathi zakho zeHelm.
Izinto eziguquguqukayo zemekobume zingasetyenziselwa ukugcina idatha ebuthathaka ongafuniyo ukuyifaka kwikhowudi yakho, efana namagama ayimfihlo okanye iinkcukacha ze-API.
Enye inkalo entsonkothileyo yeHelm kukuhambelana kwayo neCI/CD workflows. Oku kunokukunceda ekuzenzeleni ukusasazwa kwesicelo sakho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kuyo yonke indawo.
Ukusebenzisa iHelm ngombhobho weCI/CD, bhala iscript esifakela okanye esiphucula itshathi yakho usebenzisa helm
myalelo.
Ukulungelelanisa iitshathi zeHelm ezineenguqu zokusingqongileyo
Ungachaza izinto eziguquguqukayo kwifayile ye values.yaml equkwe kwitshati ukongeza izinto eziguquguqukayo zemekobume kwiitshathi zakho zeHelm. Izinto eziguquguqukayo kwitemplates zetshathi yakho zinokubhekiswa kuzo usebenzisa i- {{ .Values.variableName }} isivakalisi.
Ukusebenzisa iHelm enemibhobho yeCI/CD
Kufuneka uqale ubhale iskripthi esisebenzisa i helm
umyalelo wokufaka okanye uphucule itshathi yakho ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa iHelm ngeCI/CD yokuhamba komsebenzi.
Xa unqwenela ukuthumela inguqulelo entsha yesicelo sakho, ungabandakanya ke esi script kumbhobho wakho kwaye uyibize.
isiphelo
Iitshathi zeHelm zibonelela ngendlela esebenzayo yokupakisha nokusabalalisa izixhobo zeKubernetes, kwaye iHelm sisixhobo esinamandla sokulawula izicelo zeKubernetes.
Kuya kufuneka ngoku ube nokuqonda okuqinileyo kwendlela yokuphuhlisa, ukufaka, kunye nokulawula iitshathi zeHelm emva kokulandela imiyalelo enikwe kweli nqaku.
IHelm inokwenza ukuthunyelwa kwakho kweKubernetes kube lula kwaye usetyenziso lwakho lube lula ukulawula, nokuba ungumphuhlisi okanye umlawuli wendlela.
Shiya iMpendulo