Idatha yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yamashishini anamhlanje. Amashishini afumana idatha kwimithombo emininzi, njengabathengi, ababoneleli, kunye neenkqubo zangaphakathi, kwaye bayisebenzise ukwenza izigqibo ezifundisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko umthamo wedatha kunye nobunzima bukhula, kunokuba nzima ukuyilawula kunye nokuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ikhathalogu yedatha inokunceda kule nto. Sisixhobo esisetyenziswa ngamashishini ukulawula ii-asethi zabo zedatha. Ngamanye amazwi, luluhlu lweenyani malunga nenkampani. Ezi nyaniso zinokubandakanya indawo, ulwakhiwo, kunye nosetyenziso.
Kulawulo olusebenzayo lwedatha, ikhathalogu yedatha ibalulekile. Ngaphandle kwekhathalogu yedatha, iinkampani ziqhuba ingozi yokuphulukana nedatha yazo. Ibathintela ekwazini ukuba yeyiphi idatha abanayo, iphi, kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa. Iimpazamo zedatha, ukuphindaphinda, kunye nokungahambelani okubangelwa oku kunokuba nemiphumo emibi kumashishini.
Amacandelo kwiKhathalogu yeDatha
Metadata, umgca wedatha, kunye neenkcukacha zomgangatho wedatha zizinto ezintathu eziphambili zekhathalogu yedatha.
Metadata
Iinkcukacha ezibonisa idatha kwikhathalogu zaziwa njengemethadatha. Iqulethe iinkcukacha ezifana negama ledatha, indawo, ifomathi, kunye nokusetyenziswa okujoliswe kuko. Ngokunika umxholo wedatha, imethadatha yenza abasebenzisi bafumane kwaye baqonde ii-asethi zedatha ngokukhawuleza.
Imbali yeDatha
Umda wedatha luxwebhu lokudalwa kwedatha, inguqu, kunye nentshukumo phakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Inika imbono ebanzi yendlela yedatha, okwenza kube lula ukumisela ukuchaneka kwedatha kunye nokulandelela imbali yayo.
Ulwazi lweDatha esemgangathweni
Ulwazi ngomgangatho wedatha luhlola izinto ezibandakanya ukugqibelela, ukuchaneka, ukungaguquguquki, kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo. Inika indlela yokumisela ukufaneleka kwedatha kusetyenziso oluthile. Kwakhona, iqinisekisa ukuba idatha ihambelana neemfuno zombutho.
Ukuqonda iikhathalogu zeDatha
Ikhathalogu yedatha luluhlu olupheleleyo lwee-asethi zedatha eziqulethe ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nokuqokelela idatha nganye. Iquka imethadatha, umgca wedatha, kunye nolwazi olusemgangathweni lwedatha ukunceda imibutho ekulawuleni ngokufanelekileyo ii-asethi zabo zedatha.
I-Metadata ichaza iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zeseti yedatha, njenge-schema yayo, ifomathi, uhlobo lwedatha, kunye nomthombo wedatha. Umda wedatha uchaza imbali yeseti yedatha, kubandakanya imvelaphi yayo, uhlengahlengiso, kunye nokuxhomekeka. Kwaye, ulwazi lomgangatho wedatha lubonisa ukuchaneka kweseti yedatha, ukugqibelela, kunye nokuthembeka.
Iikhathalogu zedatha zihlala ziphosakele kwizichazi-magama zedatha okanye uluhlu lwedatha, nangona zingeyonto enye. Nangona izichazi-magama zedatha zichaza kwaye zichaze iziqwenga zedatha, iikhathalogu zedatha zinika ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga neeseti zedatha epheleleyo. Ngokwahlukileyo, uluhlu lwedatha ludwelisa nje ii-asethi zedatha ngaphandle kokunika naluphi na ulwazi olongezelelweyo.
Ukucwangcisa iKhathalogu yeDatha
Kubalulekile ukulungiselela ngokufanelekileyo phambi kokwakha ikhathalogu yedatha ukuqinisekisa ukuba izalisekisa iimfuno zenkampani. Ukuchonga imithombo yedatha, ukuseka imigangatho yemethadatha, kunye nokuqonda iimfuno zabasebenzisi yiyo yonke imiba ebalulekileyo.
Ukufaneleka kunye nexabiso lemithombo yedatha kwintlangano kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ngononophelo. Ukugcina ukufana kunye nokusebenzisana kuyo yonke inkampani, imigangatho yemethadatha kufuneka isetyenziswe. Iimfuno zomsebenzisi kufuneka zichazwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ikhathalogu yedatha yenziwe kunye nabo engqondweni.
Amanyathelo okudala iKhathalogu yeDatha
Inyathelo 1: Fumana imithombo yedatha
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekudaleni ikhathalogu yedatha kukuchonga yonke imithombo yedatha yombutho wakho. Oku kubandakanya oovimba beenkcukacha, iindawo zokugcina idatha, i-spreadsheets, kunye nezinye iindawo zokugcina idatha. Xa uchonge yonke imithombo yolwazi, unokuqalisa ukuqokelela imetadata.
Inyathelo 2: Ukuqokelela iMetadata
Inyathelo elilandelayo kukuqokelela imetadata kuyo yonke imithombo yedatha edwelisiweyo. I-Metadata ixela iimpawu eziphambili zeseti yedatha, njenge-schema sayo, ifomathi, uhlobo lwedatha, kunye nomthombo. Izixhobo zokuqokelela i-Metadata kwintlangano yedatha kwaye yenza kube lula ukukhangela nokufumana.
Inyathelo 3: Iprofayili yedatha
Ukulandela ukuqokelelwa kwedatha, idatha iprofayili. Inkqubo yokuphonononga iiseti zedatha ukuchonga ubume bazo, into, kunye nomgangatho waziwa njengokuchazwa kwedatha. Ukwenziwa kweeprofayili kunceda ekuchongeni iinkxalabo zomgangatho wedatha njengedatha engekhoyo. Iqinisekisa ukuba idatha icocekile kwaye ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa.
Inyathelo 4: Yenza iDikshinari yeDatha
Inyathelo elilandelayo kukwenza isichazi-magama sedatha. Isichazi-magama sedatha luluhlu olupheleleyo lwazo zonke iinkcukacha kwinkampani yakho. Inika iinkcazo ezityebileyo zemethadatha, ulwazi olusemgangathweni lwedatha, kunye nomda wedatha. Isichazi-magama sedatha sibalulekile ekuqondeni idatha yombutho wakho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba isetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo.
Inyathelo 5: Ukuchonga uBudlelwane beDatha
Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukuchonga ikhonkco phakathi kwedatha. Oku kubandakanya ukukhangela kunye nokuqaqambisa ikhonkco phakathi kwedatha. Oku kuvumela abachaphazelekayo ukuba baqonde ngokulula ikhonkco phakathi kwemithombo yedatha.
Inyathelo lesi-6: Ukwakha umnombo
Ukudala umnombo oboniswe ngomzobo kubalulekile ekumiseleni uhambo lwedatha. Uluhlu luchaza iinkqubo ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo ekuhambeni kwedatha. Oku kunceda abachaphazelekayo ukuba bachonge ngokukhawuleza oyena nobangela wengxaki ngokuthi balandele umnombo.
Isinyathelo se-7: Umbutho weDatha
Idatha equlethwe kwifayile okanye kwitheyibhile ikhona ngokobuchwepheshe. Ngokweemfuno zeshishini, oku kunokuba nengqiqo okanye kungabi nangqiqo. Ngenxa yoko, iinzame zezandla ziyimfuneko ukucwangcisa idatha ngendlela abasebenzisi beshishini abanokuqonda kwaye bathembe. Ukumaka idatha, ukucwangcisa idatha ngokusekelwe ekusebenziseni kunye nendima yomsebenzisi, kunye nentlangano yedatha ngokuzenzekelayo zizo zonke iindlela zombutho wedatha.
Inyathelo lesi-8: Nika uFikelelo olulula
Ikhathalogu yedatha kufuneka ifumaneke lula ngaphakathi kwi-stack data ukuze isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo. Unokusebenzisa ikhathalogu yedatha kwiwebhusayithi ukuba usebenzisa isixhobo esinje Phalaza, enyusa ukusetyenziswa kwekhathalogu yedatha.
Inyathelo le-9: Beka iMilinganiselo yoKhuseleko kwindawo
Ngenxa yokuba ikhathalogu yedatha inombono wayo yonke idatha yombutho, kubalulekile ukulandela iimfuno zokhuseleko. Ikhathalogu yedatha kufuneka ibe nokhuseleko olusekwe kwindima, ulwazi malunga nokuba ngubani osebenzise yeyiphi idatha kwaye nini, uphicotho-zincwadi, kunye ne-encryption.
Ukusebenzisa iKhathalogu yeDatha yakho
Ngokubonelela abasebenzisi ngolwazi olupheleleyo kwii-asethi zedatha, ikhathalogu yedatha inokunceda ukuphucula ulawulo lwedatha kunye nokwenza izigqibo.
Umhlalutyi wedatha, umzekelo, unokusebenzisa ikhathalogu yedatha ukufumana iiseti zedatha ezifanelekileyo kuphononongo oluthile. Kwaye, banokusebenzisa i-metadata ukuqonda ubume bedatha kunye nento. Ikhathalogu yedatha inokusetyenziswa ngumsebenzisi weshishini ukufunda iiseti zedatha ezahlukeneyo kwaye afumane ulwazi malunga nokuziphatha kwabathengi, ukusebenza kwemveliso, okanye iindlela zentengiso.
Ukushwankathela, ukugcina ikhathalogu yedatha kubandakanya ukucwangcisa ngokucophelela kunye nomsebenzi ohambelanayo. Nangona kunjalo, inzuzo yokuba noluhlu olucokisekileyo lwee-asethi zedatha zininzi. Inokuphucula ukwenziwa kwezigqibo kwaye ikhulise imveliso.
Umahluko phakathi kwezichazi-magama zeDatha, uluhlu lwedatha, kunye nekhathalogu yedatha
Nangona izichazi-magama zedatha, uluhlu lwedatha, kunye neekhathalogu zedatha zonke zibonelela ngeenkcukacha kwii-asethi zedatha zombutho, ubungakanani bazo kunye nesixa seenkcukacha ziyahluka.
Idatha yesichazi-magama
Izichazi-magama zedatha zibandakanya iinkcukacha kwisakhiwo sedatha, kubandakanywa amagama kunye neenkcazo zeetheyibhile, iindawo, kunye noqhagamshelwano. Zihlala ziphuhliswa ngabalawuli bedatha kwaye zigxininise kulwazi oluthile lobugcisa.
Uluhlu lwedatha
Uluhlu lwedatha lubandakanya iinkcukacha kwii-asethi zedatha ebonakalayo, kubandakanywa indawo yazo, umnini, kunye nenqanaba lokhuseleko. Zihlala ziphuhliswa ziiyunithi ze-IT ezijolise kulawulo kwi-inventory ye-asethi yedatha.
Iikhathalogu zeDatha
Iikhathalogu zedatha zidibanisa i-metadata, umgca wedatha, kunye nolwazi olusemgangathweni lwedatha ukunika umfanekiso opheleleyo we-asethi yedatha yentlangano. Zenzelwe ukuba zisebenziseke kwaye zifikeleleke kubasebenzisi beshishini, izazinzulu zedatha, kunye nabanye abachaphazelekayo ekufuneka baqonde kwaye basebenzise iiasethi zedatha.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzithathele ingqalelo
Izinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngelixa kuphuhliswa ikhathalogu yedatha. Ukuqala, kubalulekile ukumisela imithombo yedatha ekufuneka ifakwe kwikhathalogu. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba yonke idatha irekhodiwe kwaye iyafikeleleka.
Ngaphezu koko, imigangatho yemethadatha kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwedatha kufuneka zisekwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba idatha ekwikhathalogu ichanekile, igcwele, kwaye isexesheni. Umbutho wedatha kunye nokufikeleleka zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ekubeni ikhathalogu kufuneka ilungiswe ngendlela enengqiqo kubasebenzisi kwaye ifumaneka lula ngaphakathi kwi-stack data.
Shiya iMpendulo