Isoftware isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo eziphucula umgangatho wobomi bethu. Isetyenziswa kwishishini, isayensi, kunye nobunjineli. I-codebase ekhuselekileyo isebenza njengesiseko esizinzileyo sayo nayiphi na impumelelo yenkampani.
Abantu abaninzi namhlanje baxhomekeke kuhlobo olunye lwenkcazelo: iteknoloji, njengeekhompyutha, iifowuni, okanye iitablet. Abasebenzisi banxibelelana neentlobo ngeentlobo zesoftware eyenzelwe iinjongo ezahlukeneyo ukuze kusebenze ezi zixhobo zobuchwepheshe.
Imfuno yesoftware ekugqibeleni ivelise uphawu oludlale impembelelo ebalulekileyo ekudalweni kolwazi olutsha lwetekhnoloji kulo lonke uphuhliso lwesoftware.
Isoftware kunye nezicelo ze-Intanethi ziya zisiba nzima kwihlabathi liphela. Ukugcina umgangatho wekhowudi kuba yinto ebalulekileyo ebusweni bokhuphiswano oluqatha kunye nemfuneko yomgangatho kwizicelo eziphambili.
Ukubhalwa kwekhowudi kakubi kunempembelelo ekugcinweni kwekhowudi kunye nokusebenza kwayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Ezona zixhobo zophicotho-zincwadi kunye nokulawula umgangatho wekhowudi zigxininiswe kweli nqaku.
Yintoni uphicotho lwekhowudi yesoftware?
IKhowudi yoMthombo iyavavanywa ngexesha loPhicotho lweKhowudi.
Injongo yenkqubo yokuphonononga ikhowudi kukukhangela nayiphi na ikhowudi entsha yeziphene, iziphene, kunye neemfuno zomgangatho wombutho.
Ukuphononongwa kwekhowudi yinto ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokukhusela, ejolise ekunciphiseni iimpazamo ngaphambi kokukhulula isofthiwe. Uphononongo lweSoftware kunye nophicotho lubandakanya ukuphononongwa ngokucokisekileyo kwekhowudi yewebhusayithi, kunye neenguqulelo zakwangoko kwiinkqubo zophuhliso.
Iprofayile yeshishini eliphambili lenjineli yesoftware kuphuhliso, ukuphunyezwa, kunye nokugcinwa kweemveliso zesoftware, kunye noyilo, uxwebhu, uguqulelo, uhlengahlengiso, kunye nophononongo lwekhowudi.
Eyona njongo iphambili yenkqubo yophononongo lwekhowudi kukuhlola nayiphi na ikhowudi entsha yeempazamo, iimpazamo, kunye nokuthobela iimfuno zomgangatho wombutho. Izimvo ezicalanye akufanele zibe yingqwalasela yodwa yenkqubo yokuphononongwa kwekhowudi.
Ngenxa yoko, izakhono zokubhala iikhowudi zeqela elidityanelweyo ziluncedo olungabambekiyo lwenkqubo yophononongo lwekhowudi. Ukuba ufuna ukuqalisa inkqubo yokuphonononga ikhowudi kwinkampani yakho, kufuneka ube ngowokuqala ukufumanisa ukuba ngubani oza kuphonononga ikhowudi. Ukuba uyinxalenye yeqela elincinci, khetha iqela elikhokelela kuyo yonke ikhowudi.
Unokwenza indlela apho uphononongo ngalunye lwekhowudi lunikezelwe kumphuhlisi onamava ngokuxhomekeke kumthwalo wabo wokusebenza ukuba uneqela elikhulu elinababuyekezi abaninzi.
Izixhobo ezigqwesileyo zophicotho kunye nokulawula umgangatho wekhowudi
Masingene.
1. Github
Kwizicelo zokutsalwa kweGitHub, kukho isixhobo sophononongo esakhelwe ngaphakathi. Umbuyekezi onokufikelela kwindawo yokugcina ikhowudi angazincamathela kwisicelo sokutsala kwaye agqibe ukuphononongwa kwiGitHub.
Umphuhlisi ongenise isicelo sokutsalwa unokucela uvandlakanyo lomlawuli. Ungawuvavanya umahluko, uphawule kumgca, kwaye ujonge imbali yotshintsho ukongeza kwincoko ebanzi yesicelo sokutsala.
Inguqulelo ye-intanethi yesixhobo sophononongo lwekhowudi ikwanceda ukuba ulungise iingxabano ezincinci zeGit. Indawo yentengiso yeGitHub ide ikuvumela ukuba unxibelelane nezinye izixhobo zokuphonononga ukuze wakhe indlela ecokisekileyo.
Ukuba sele usebenzisa i-GitHub, isixhobo sophononongo lwekhowudi sisixhobo esimangalisayo. Ayifuni naluphi na useto olungaphaya okanye ufakelo.
eziluncedo
- Naliphi na iqonga kunye nolwimi lunokwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo, lwakhiwe, luvavanywe, kwaye lusetyenziswe ngokusebenzisa i-GitHub Actions.
- Kulula ukufunda kwaye ufumanise ukuba nini kwaye kutheni utshintsho lwekhowudi lwenzekile.
- Abaxhasi banokuba ngumntu omnye okanye iqela labantu, kwaye i-GitHub igcina umkhondo wesenzeko ngasinye somsebenzi wombhali.
neengozi
- Isixhobo sophononongo lwekhowudi yeGitHub esona siphoso sikhulu kukuba sisebenza kuphela ngogcino lweGitHub olubanjwe yiGit.
namaxabiso
Ngesicwangciso sasimahla seqonga, unokuqalisa ukusisebenzisa kwangoko. Kukho ezinye izicwangciso zeprimiyamu ezikhoyo, eziboniswe ngezantsi:
- Iqela: I-$ 4 ngomsebenzisi ngenyanga (ihlawulwe ngenyanga) okanye i-$ 40 ngomsebenzisi ngonyaka (ihlawulwa ngonyaka).
- Ishishini: I-$ 21 / umsebenzisi / ngenyanga (ihlawulwe ngenyanga) okanye i-$ 210 / umsebenzisi / ngonyaka (ihlawulwa ngonyaka) (ihlawulwa ngonyaka).
2. I-SonarQube
I-SonarQube yeyona khowudi isetyenziswa kakhulu umgangatho wentengiso kunye nesixhobo sokuhlalutya ukhuseleko.
Ngoku inokuhlalutya kwaye ibonelele ngeziphumo ezingaphezulu kwama-25 Iilwimi zenkqubo, engaphezulu kwezixhobo ezininzi kwimarike. Oku kungenxa yoncedo loluntu oluvulelekileyo.
Ngomyalelo womgca omnye, idibanisa ngokulula kwi-CI/CD yokuhamba komsebenzi. Ikwahambelana nemijikelo yokwakha yaseMaven kunye neGradle. Phantse yonke into iyajongwa - umgangatho wekhowudi, ukufomatha, iinkcazo eziguquguqukayo, ukuphatha ngaphandle, kunye nokunye okuninzi.
Idibanisa nezixhobo zakho zangoku kwaye ikwazise xa umgangatho okanye ukhuseleko lwe-codebase yakho luphazamisekile.
eziluncedo
- Ukudityaniswa kunye neJenkins CI / CD ukuhamba komsebenzi ukubonelela ngekhowudi yekhowudi emileyo.
- Iiseti zemithetho yesiko zinokuchazwa ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zenkampani yethu.
- I-toll-gating enokwenziwa ngokwezifiso kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo kunokwenzeka.
neengozi
- Ukudibanisa ne-Azure okanye i-Single Sign-In mingeni mibini ngenguqulelo yoluntu.
- Kuyenzeka ukwandisa izikripthi ezizenzekelayo. Eminye yemigaqo kwinkqubo yokukhangela kufuneka iqwalaselwe ngamaxesha.
namaxabiso
Inguqulelo yasekuhlaleni yeqonga, esimahla kunye nevulelekileyo, yindawo elungileyo yokuqalisa. Kukho ezinye iinhlelo zeprimiyamu ezikhoyo, eziboniswe ngezantsi:
- Iqala kwi-€ 120 kumphuhlisi.
- Iqala kwi-€ 15000 kwishishini.
- Iqala kwi-€ 100,000 kwiziko ledatha.
Ndwendwela icandelo lexabiso ngolwazi olongezelelweyo.
3. Codacy
NgeCodacy, unokuphicotha umgangatho wekhowudi yakho kwaye uzenzele inkqubo. Ikuvumela ukuba ugcine umkhondo wamatyala obugcisa ngaphezu kweelwimi ezingama-40 zokucwangcisa.
Uya kuba nako ukulawula umgangatho wekhowudi yakho ngokuthintela ukudityaniswa ngokusekelwe kwiikhrayitheriya zomgangatho wakho.
I-Codacy inazo zonke iimpawu ozifunayo, kubandakanya iimfuno zokhuseleko oluphezulu, ukufana kwekhowudi, ukwanda kwesantya seqela, iimfuno ezilungiselelweyo, kunye nokunye. Dibanisa iCodacy kuhambo lwakho lomsebenzi ukuze ufumane izaziso xa ufuna ukukhawulezisa izinto.
Ukukhusela imveliso yakho kubuthathaka. I-Codacy yenza iimvavanyo zokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko phambi kwenkqubo.
eziluncedo
- Baxhasa zonke iilwimi eziphambili zeprogram, kubandakanya iPython, PHP, kunye neJava. Ngenxa yoko, ukufumana umgangatho wexesha lokwenyani kwikhowudi yakho kuyakhawuleza kwaye kulula.
- Jonga iikhowudi ezizibophelelayo rhoqo.
- Ideshibhodi elula kunye ne-UI ecacileyo ibonelela ngembono ecacileyo yekhowudi yesiseko sakho.
neengozi
- I-Codacy idinga ngokwenene isicelo esingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi okanye esizimeleyo ukufumana inkxaso yasekhaya.
- Ukuba imigangatho inikezelwe, ukwenza ngokwezifiso kufuneka kwenzeke ukufezekisa umgangatho wekhowudi kwiiprojekthi zakho.
namaxabiso
Ungaqala ukuyisebenzisa ngesicwangciso sasimahla kunye nesivulelekileyo somthombo wonke umntu. Ikwabonelela ngezicwangciso zeprimiyamu ezidweliswe ngezantsi:
- Amaqela: $ 18 / umsebenzisi / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngenyanga) okanye i-$ 15 / umsebenzisi / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngonyaka).
- Ishishini: Nceda uqhagamshelane nomthengisi ngexabiso layo.
4. Crucible
Sisisombululo esinomdla sentsebenziswano sokulawula umgangatho wekhowudi ukusuka kwi-Atlassian. Ayifani nezixhobo zokulawula umgangatho ezizenzekelayo.
I-Crucible, ngakolunye uhlangothi, imveliso ekhethekileyo kwimarike edibanisa uhlalutyo oluphezulu kunye nokukwazi ukunxibelelana.
Idibanisa nezixhobo ezidumileyo ezifana neJira, iGithub, kunye neConfluence, kunye nokudibanisa okuqhubekayo kunye neenkqubo zokuhambisa ezifana neJenkins kunye ne-AWS CodePipeline. Ezinye izisombululo zenkampani ye-Atlassian, njenge-Confluence kunye ne-BitBucket yeShishini, zisebenza kakuhle kunye ne-Crucible.
Nangona kunjalo, inokubonelela ngelona xabiso liphezulu ukuba lisetyenziswe ngokubambisana neJira, i-Atlassian's Issue, kunye neProjekthi yeProjekthi. Ikuvumela ukuba uvavanye kwaye uphicothe ikhowudi edibeneyo ngaphambi kokuba uyenze.
eziluncedo
- Ixhasa i-SVN kunye ne-Git, phakathi kwezinye iinkqubo zokulawula umthombo odumileyo.
- Kwindawo enye, unokulandela umjikelo wokuphononongwa kwekhowudi yonke.
- Ukuskena iikhowudi kunokuvuswa ngokuzenzekelayo, kwaye iziphumo zinokubonwa kwisixhobo osikhethileyo.
neengozi
- Xa uskrola ngaphaya kwefestile, isakhelo sekhowudi yokufunda sinengxaki yokuskrola, kwaye itsibela phezulu.
- Ubunzima bokulayisha ukusebenza buvela kumaxesha ngamaxesha, ngakumbi ngeekhowudi ezinkulu.
namaxabiso
Ibonelela ngesilingo sasimahla seentsuku ezingama-30 kwaye akukho khadi letyala lifunekayo. Ibonelela ngezicwangciso zeprimiyamu ezidweliswe ngezantsi:
- Amaqela amancinci: i-$ 10 yokuthenga ngexesha elinye, i-repos engenamkhawulo, kunye nabasebenzisi abahlanu.
- Amaqela akhulayo: $ 1,100, intlawulo yexesha elinye, kunye ne-repos engenamkhawulo.
5. Umthombo onzulu
I-DeepSource sisixhobo esihle kakhulu sokuhlalutya esinokuthi sisetyenziswe ukufumanisa umgangatho wekhowudi kunye neenkxalabo zokhuseleko kwangoko kuphuhliso lobomi bemveliso yakho. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo sesinye sezona zixhobo zikhawulezayo nezincinci zohlalutyo lwe-static kuluhlu lwethu.
Ingena kakuhle kwisicelo sakho sokutsalwa komsebenzi kwaye ifumanise umngcipheko we-bug, iipatheni ezichaseneyo, ukusebenza, kunye neenkxalabo zokhuseleko ngaphambi kokuba zingenelele kakhulu kwimveliso yakho.
Abaphuhlisi abayi kuba nangxaki yokuseta okanye ukusebenzisa isixhobo kuba ayifuni kuseka imibhobho yokwakha entsonkothileyo kwaye iqhagamshele ngqo neGitHub, iGitLab, kunye neBitbucket.
Ngaphaya koko, i-DeepSource inokubonelela ngezilungiso zezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo idibana nazo kwaye ifomethe ngokuzenzekelayo ikhowudi yakho.
eziluncedo
- Isinceda ekubhaqeni iimpazamo, sinyanzelise ukugqunywa kunye nemigangatho yekhowudi, kunye nokuthintela ukubhengezwa kweemfihlo.
neengozi
- Ayihambelani ne-mono-repos. Ukungabikho kwenkxaso yohlalutyo lweJavascript.
namaxabiso
Iqonga lisimahla kubantu kunye namaqela amancinci. Uhlawula njengoko iqela lakho lisanda:
- Umqali: $ 10 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngenyanga) okanye i-$ 8 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngonyaka).
- Ishishini: I-$ 30 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngenyanga) okanye i-$ 24 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngonyaka).
- Ishishini: Nceda uqhagamshelane nomthengisi ngexabiso layo.
6. Qinisa
I-Embold sisixhobo sokuhlalutya isoftware esinceda abaphuhlisi kunye namaqela ukuba benze isoftware ekumgangatho ophezulu ngexesha elincinci ngokukhawulezisa uphononongo lwekhowudi. Ibeka phambili ii-hotspots kwikhowudi kwaye ibonise ngendlela elula.
Ihlalutya isoftware kwiilensi ezininzi, kubandakanya uyilo lwesoftware, kusetyenziswa itekhnoloji yokuxilonga i-multi-vector, kwaye ivumela abasebenzisi ukugcina nokuphucula umgangatho wesoftware ngendlela ecacileyo.
I-Embold inokuphunyezwa efini okanye njengeplagi yasimahla kwi-IntelliJ IDEA yabasebenzisi be-IntelliJ IDEA.
Sisixhobo sophononongo lwekhowudi ejonga ikhowudi yomthombo kwiimbono ezine: ikhowudi, uyilo, iimethrikhi, kunye nokuphindaphinda. Ichonga iingxaki ezinefuthe kuzinzo, ukomelela, ukhuseleko, kunye nokugcinwa kwenkqubo.
eziluncedo
- Ixhasa ngaphezu kweelwimi ezili-10 kwaye idibanisa neGithub, Bitbucket, Azure, kunye neGit.
- Kukho iiplagi zasimahla ze-IntelliJ IDEA, Visual Studio, kunye ne-Eclipse.
neengozi
- Akukho nto.
namaxabiso
Unokuqala ukusebenzisa iqonga kunye nesicwangciso sayo sasimahla. Ikwabonelela ngezicwangciso zeprimiyamu ezidweliswe ngezantsi:
- Intlawulo yanyanga zonke: €4.99/ngenyanga
- Ishishini: Nceda uqhagamshelane nomthengisi ngexabiso layo.
7. Ikhowudi yeRhode
IRhodecode sisicelo solawulo lwekhowudi yeshishini elikhuselekileyo elivulelekileyo. Sesinye sezona zixhobo zibalaseleyo zokuphonononga ikhowudi yomthombo ovulekileyo kuba idibanisa iGit, iNguqulelo, kunye neMercurial kwisixhobo esinye.
Ukwandisa umgangatho wekhowudi, iRhodecode ivumela iqela ukuba lizibandakanye ngempumelelo ngokuphindaphinda, ukuphononongwa kwekhowudi yencoko. Kuphuhliso olukhuselekileyo, esi sixhobo sikwabandakanya umaleko wolawulo lwemvume.
Utshintsho olubonakalayo lukwenza kube lula ukukhangela imbali yeprojekthi yakho kumasebe ahlukeneyo.
Uhlengahlengiso oluncinci lunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa ujongano lwewebhu umhleli wekhowudi ye-intanethi. IRhodecode yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yomntu ofuna isixhobo sokuphonononga ikhowudi esekwe kwiwebhu kuba idibanisa ngokungasebenziyo neeprojekthi zakho ezikhoyo.
eziluncedo
- Isixhobo sokuphononongwa kwekhowudi yamahhala evumela amaqela ukuba asebenzisane ukuphucula umgangatho wekhowudi.
- Ulawulo lweMvume yoPhuhliso lweSoftware ekhuselekileyo
- Uncedo ekudityanisweni kwesiseko sekhowudi ekhoyo kunye neenkqubo ezintsha zokulandelela ingxaki.
- IRhodecode yenza intsebenziswano ekhawulezayo ngokuqhutywa kokusebenza okuzenzekelayo.
neengozi
- Ngokuqinisekileyo akukho nto.
namaxabiso
Unokuqala ukusebenzisa iqonga kunye noluntu lwaseRhodeCode, olusimahla kunye nomthombo ovulekileyo. Ikwabonelela ngezicwangciso zeprimiyamu ezidweliswe ngezantsi:
- I-RhodeCode Enterprise: $ 75 / umsebenzisi / ngonyaka.
- RhodeCode Cloud: ukusuka kwi-$ 8 ngomsebenzisi / ngenyanga.
8. I-CodeScene
I-CodeScene sisixhobo sophononongo oluphezulu lwekhowudi ehamba ngaphaya kohlalutyo lwekhowudi emileyo. Ihlalutya ukuvela kwekhowudi yakho ngokwenza uhlalutyo lwekhowudi yokuziphatha kunye nomlinganiselo wexesha.
Ivelisa ukubonwa kwekhowudi ngokuhlalutya imbali yakho yolawulo loguqulelo. Ikwasebenzisa yokufunda umatshini Ii-algorithms zokubona iindlela zentlalo kunye neengozi ezifihliweyo kwikhowudi.
Iiprofayili zeCodeScene ilungu ngalinye leqela ngokusekelwe kwabo ulawulo lwenguqulo imbali, ebavumela ukuba babhale isiseko sabo solwazi kunye nokuphuhlisa ukuxhomekeka kwamaqela.
Ikwazisa nombono weendawo ezixhaphakileyo kwindawo yakho yokugcina ngokuqaqambisa iifayile ezinowona msebenzi uphezulu wophuhliso. Ukuqhubela phambili, ezi ndawo zishushu ziya kufuna ukhathalelo oluphezulu.
eziluncedo
- Kulula kakhulu ukuseta kwaye uyisebenzise - yalathe nje koovimba bakho beGit!
- The umbono kunye nokubekwa phambili kwekhowudi kunceda amaqela ekuqondeni umda womsebenzi okhoyo kunye nokuwakhokela ekwenzeni isigqibo sokuba aqale phi.
neengozi
- Ujongano lomsebenzisi alusoloko lusebenziseka lula.
namaxabiso
Ungazama iqonga simahla. Ibonelela ngezicwangciso zeprimiyamu ezidweliswe ngezantsi:
- Umgangatho: I-$ 20 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngenyanga) okanye i-$ 18 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngonyaka).
- Ipro: $ 30 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngenyanga) okanye i-$ 27 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngonyaka).
- Ishishini: Nceda uqhagamshelane nomthengisi ngexabiso layo.
9. CodeFactor.io
Isixhobo seKhowudi yeFactor sikunika umboniso okhawulezayo womgangatho wekhowudi yeprojekthi, kunye neenguqu zamva nje kunye neefayile ezinzima kakhulu.
Lonke utshintsho kunye nesicelo sokutsalwa sinokuba ne-bugs ezilandelwayo kwaye zisonjululwe. Ikunika imbono yentaka yekhowudi yakho.
Unako ukulawula ngokupheleleyo oko kufundwayo. Kuya kukunceda ekubambeni umgca ngamnye wekhowudi.
Ukuphucula iingxelo ezinokuthathelwa amanyathelo ngokulungelelanisa inkqubo yoPhononongo lweKhowudi. Ibonelela ngedatha yohlalutyo ekuvumela ukuba uqonde, uthathe inxaxheba, kwaye unxibelelane nabalingane bakho.
eziluncedo
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye idibanisa neGitHub
- Isoftware yomthombo ovulekileyo iyafumaneka simahla.
- Iqinisekisa ukuba ikhowudi ikumgangatho ophezulu.
- Sesinye sezona zixhobo zisebenzayo zomgangatho wekhowudi zokudibanisa kwinkqubo yakho yophuhliso.
neengozi
- Akukho nto okwangoku.
namaxabiso
Unokuqala ukusebenzisa iqonga kunye nesicwangciso soluntu. Ikwabonelela ngeempawu zeprimiyamu ezidweliswe ngezantsi:
- Pro Max: $27/ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngenyanga) okanye $21/ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngonyaka).
- Ipro: $ 24 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngenyanga) okanye i-$ 19 / ngenyanga (ihlawulwa ngonyaka).
isiphelo
Namhlanje, uhlalutyo lomgangatho wekhowudi kunye nophicotho luyinto ekufuneka ube nayo kulo naliphi na ishishini. Ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho wekhowudi iye yabaluleka kakhulu njengoko iilayibrari ezinomthombo ovulekileyo zikhule zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi.
Ngaphaya koko, umgangatho ophezulu wekhowudi unceda inkampani ekunciphiseni ugcino lwexesha elizayo kunye nenkcitho yokuphucula.
Ngenxa yoko, ezi zixhobo ngokungathandabuzekiyo ziya kuza kuncedo lwakho xa kufikwa ekuphuhliseni isoftware ekumgangatho ophezulu.
Shiya iMpendulo