Chikwata chinotyisa chinomira kuseri kwechigadzirwa chega chega. Zvikwata zvanhasi zvine simba uye zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichiunza mikana mitsva uye matambudziko nekuda kwehunyanzvi hweseti dzavanoumba.
Kuedza kwega kwega kwekubatana-kwakasimba, saka, kunopa mukana wezvose zviri zviviri hunyanzvi uye budiriro yemunhu.
Vese nhengo dzechikwata dzinofanirwa kuziva nezvezviitwa zvemumwe nemumwe uye kuve nekuwana kusingadzoreki kune chero kodhi yakagadzirwa nevamwe vavo mumapurojekiti ekuvandudza software. Iko kudiwa kwe-open-source software kwakonzera kuti kodhi repositories irambe ichikura.
Shanduro yekudzora masisitimu — software inoita kuti kurekodha kuchinja kwekodhi uye kurodha shanduro itsva — zviite kuti zviite.
A project hosting service ibasa rinochengeta mapurojekiti ekupa mukana kune akati wandei makomputa nevagadziri.
Zvese zvakakosha zvekutsvagisa nekusimudzira zvirongwa zvinotsamira pamapuratifomu aya sezvo vachiita kuti zvikwanise kutarisa kufambira mberi kwechikwata uye kodhi yekuwana kubva kune chero chishandiso.
Iyi posvo inofananidza GitHub, GitLab, uye Bitbucket mukudzika kukuru uye inoongorora zvakadzika mukati memhando yeshanduro yekudzora masisitimu.
Kutanga, isu tichatarisa kuiswa kweiyo shanduro yekudzora system.
Saka, chii chinonzi control control system?
Muyananisi ari kure anozivikanwa seshanduro yekudzora system (VCS) inopa vanogadzira iyo ichangoburwa sosi kodhi uye inocherekedza chero shanduko yakaitwa kupurojekiti.
Iwo muunganidzwa wematekinoroji anobatsira mukumisikidza nekuchengetedza nharaunda yekudyidzana kune vanogadzira. Imwe sevha inochengeta data rekutanga mune vhezheni control system, uye akati wandei enzvimbo dzekushandira anotaurirana nawo.
Ngatiendei kuburikidza nemagadzirirwo avo uye mazwi akakosha kuti tinzwisise zviri nani shanduro yekudzora masisitimu.
Ngationgororei kwakabva kudiwa kweVCS kutanga. Tinogona mufananidzo a kuvaka kwechikwata app. Boka rinofanirwa kumisa nzira dzakawanda kuitira kuti rive nekufambiswa kwebasa kunoshanda.
Ini ndingawiriranisa sei basa rangu pamafaira akafanana uye kugashira zvigadziriso zvenguva dzose pane nyowani shanduko yekodhi? Rogi inotsvagika yezvese zvakamboitika inowanwa sei?
Uye mangani mamwe maficha anoyedzwa kunze kwekukanganisa kufambiswa kwekutanga?
A version control system inobatsira mumamiriro ezvinhu aya.
Kugadzira chinongedzo kune repository: Chikwata chekusimudzira chinofanira kutanga chabatanidza maPC emunharaunda kune main server inobata iyo repository yeprojekiti. Ese magadzirirwo anoteedzerwa uye anochengetwa mune repository, inova iyo server's main database. Shanduko dzakaitwa kubva mudura dzinozoburitswa kana kuwedzerwa kune chakapedzwa chigadzirwa.
Dhonza zvikumbiro: Kuve kwakabatana kunogonesa chero mugadziri kuendesa chikumbiro chekudhonza kubva kune repository chero nguva. Chikumbiro chekudhonza icho chatangwa chinoverengerwa sekuvandudza. Nayo, mugadziri anogona kukumbira iyo ichangoburwa kopi yekodhi kuti itorerwe kune yavo yenzvimbo yekushandira nzvimbo kubva kune server.
Kodhi yakazvipira: Chero ani zvake anogona kuendesa yavo yekuvandudza mune yakagovaniswa maitiro mukuwedzera kudzoreredza iyo data pane yavo yekushanda. Chaizvoizvo pane zvikamu zviviri. Kuzvipira inhanho yekutanga inosanganisira kuunganidza shanduko dzese pakombuta yemuno usati waendesa kune yepakati server. Muchidimbu, kuchengetedza shanduko muhurongwa hwenzvimbo kunoda kuzvipira kuprojekiti.
Push chikumbiro: Chikumbiro chekusundidzira ndicho chikamu chechipiri. Mumwe anofanirwa kuburitsa chikumbiro chekusundidzira kana kusundira kushambadza kuzvipira kune repository. Zvikumbiro zvekuvandudza kodhi zvinoendeswa kunzvimbo yekuchengetera uchishandisa push.
Kushandisa mapazi: Vagadziri vanogona kuvaka matavi, ayo ari makopi eiyo codebase yese kana chikamu chayo, mune repository kuyedza uye kufambira mberi nekodhi nenzira ine simba. Kune marudzi maviri akasiyana emapazi: ishe, iyo ine zvese zvekupedzisira kugadziridzwa, uye bazi sekopi, iyo inobvumira shanduko dziri dzoga kuti dziitwe isati yabatanidzwa muna tenzi.
Kuongorora kwekodhi: Chero nhengo yechikwata inokwanisa kuongorora zvimedu zvekodhi mumapazi. Mushure mekunge kodhi yaiswa mudura, inosimbiswa sechikamu chekuongorora.
Batanidza.: Pakupedzisira, kana kuongororwa kwekodhi kwapera, mapazi anogona kubatanidzwa. Kufambisa shanduko kubva kune rimwe bazi kuenda kune rimwe kana kune master bazi kunozivikanwa sekubatanidza.
Naizvozvo, kana timu ikagadzira app ichishandisa VCS, nhengo dzinogona kuita shanduko dzadzo kupurojekiti uye vodzisundidzira kunzvimbo inochengeterwa, ongorora kodhi yacho yese, kudhonza kutsva kwekodhi pamushini wemuno, chengeta. magadzirirwo apfuura, gadzira akasiyana maficha pamapazi akadhindwa, uye pakupedzisira asanganise natenzi. Heino pfupiso pfupi yeVCS.
Zvino ngatitangei nerimwe nerimwe rawo mumwe nemumwe tozoaenzanisa kumagumo.
Chii chinonzi Github?
Vagadziri kubva kuCalifornia vakagadzira GitHub muna 2008, uye Microsoft yakatenga kambani pakati pe2018.
Maererano ne platform stats, pakutanga kwa2022, mabhizinesi emamiriyoni mana uye vanopfuura mamirioni makumi masere nematatu vanogadzira vanga vachishandisa kwainobva, uye pakanga paine anopfuura 4 miriyoni akagashirwa repositori.
Hwaro hweGitHub's zano, social coding, ndiyo yakabatsira kuti ikure kuti izivikanwe zvakanyanya. Nzvimbo iyi yakatanga kupa yemahara yakavhurika sosi purojekiti yekudyidzana.
Kubva panguva iyoyo, GitHub yakakwevera vanogadzira kubva kutenderera pasirese vanoda kuve nechekuita mumapurojekiti, kuratidza basa ravo, kuwana rubatsiro rwenharaunda, kana kutsvaga mhinduro kumatambudziko.
Nekukurumidza kwazvo, GitHub yakawedzera kubva pakungova VCS yakavimbika uye yakagadzikana kuenda kunharaunda inokosheswa uye ine simba yekuvandudza. Iyo yakananga User Interface yeGitHub inobatsira vanogadzira kupinda mukudzungaira kwekushandisa Git algorithms nekukurumidza.
Chimwe chinosiyanisa chesevhisi ndechekuti zvikumbiro zvinosundirwa, kudhonzwa, uye mavhezheni akabatanidzwa nekukurumidza sei.
Iyo social component yakasimbiswa zvakanyanya nekutanga kwe GitHub Mapeji, nzira yakatwasuka yevagadziri vekugadzira mapeji ewebhu pachikuva.
Mapotifolio emugadziri uye matarenda anoratidzwa paGitHub, iyo inoratidzawo kuti mugadziri anojairana neshanduro yekudzora masisitimu uye nekushanda nawo.
Izvi zvinoisa mugadziri mune inokwanisika crosshairs yekuhaya mamaneja anotarisa kuhaya vanogadzira.
Features
- Mamaneja epurojekiti nevagadziri vanobatana pamapurojekiti vachishandisa GitHub kuronga, kuronda, uye kugadzirisa basa ravo nenzira yakajeka.
- Pamusoro pezvo, kune zvirongwa zvedesktop zveWindows neMac uye Android app.
- tsigiro yemitauro inopfuura 200 yekuronga
- Basic VCS maturusi uye akati wandei ezvimwe zviridzwa zvinoshandisa izvo maturusi neimwe nzira zvinosanganisirwa mushanduro control system maficha. Semuenzaniso, GitHub inopa matavi akachengetedzwa, zviziviso zvevaridzi vekodhi, zvinyorwa zvekudhonza zvikumbiro, uye wongororo pakati pevanhu vakasarudzwa nezvikwata.
- PaGitHub, CI/CD uye otomatiki zvinoreva masevhisi akaita seGitHub Mapeji uye GitHub Musika pamwe nekuenderera mberi kwekubatanidza uye kuenderera mberi kwekuendesa otomatiki.
- Nehuviri-zvinhu huchokwadi hwekupinda, chimiro chekutarisa, kodhi scanning kuti ubvise kusagadzikana, uye yambiro yekuchengetedza kune nhengo dzechikwata, GitHub inodzivirirwa zvakanyanya.
- Tora mazano emitsara yese kana mabasa akazara zvakananga mukati memupepeti wako GitHub Copilot.
- Nekureva kana kutaura pamitsetse mizhinji panguva imwe chete mukudhonza chikumbiro diff maonero, unogona kujekesa ongororo yekodhi.
- Nzvimbo yakasarudzwa iyo nhengo dzenharaunda yako dzinogona kusangana uye kuita nhaurirano dzakavhurika uye mibvunzo.
Chii chinonzi GitLab?
GitLab inoshanda senge iri kure inotambira repositori, sezvakangoita VCS yekutanga. Yakaburitswa kumusika muna 2014 uye yakagadziridzwa neboka revagadziri vaviri, imwe kubva kuNetherlands uye imwe kubva kuUkraine.
GitLab inopa zvakawanda kupfuura kungochengeta kodhi uye kuita kuti kubatana kuve nyore, zvakadaro.
GitLab inotsigira iyo yese DevOps kutenderera, iyo inoisa parutivi kubva kune mamwe maGIT repositori. Vagadziri uye vashandisi vanobatana mukuenderera mberi nekubatana sechikamu cheDevOps kugadzira maitiro.
DevOps inopawo yakakwira dhigirii ye otomatiki, ichibvumira ese ekusimudzira uye maapplication zviitiko kufamba nekukurumidza pakati pezvikamu. Kuedza, kuburitsa uye kuratidza kunove nekukurumidza zvakanyanya semhedzisiro.
GitLab yakabatanidza kuenderera mberi kwekubatanidzwa, kuenderera mberi kwekuendesa, uye kuenderera mberi kwekuendesa maitiro muhurongwa hwayo kutsigira DevOps. Zvishandiso izvi zvinopa zvakananga kuvaka-maitiro ekutonga kubva kuGIT.
Avo vanofarira otomatiki vanofanirwa kunyatso kutarisisa kune chinyorwa pane yedu saiti chakapihwa kune iyo CI/CD maturusi. Muchidimbu, budiriro, chengetedzo, mashandiro, uye bhizinesi mafambiro akabatanidzwa zvisina mhosva paGitLab chete, zvichibvumira kukurumidza kuburitswa kwechigadzirwa chakapedzwa uye kubatana kwakawanda kusina musono.
Tisingataure, pachine chimwe chinhu chekutaura nezve GitLab. Icho chokwadi chekuti chikuva chakavhurika-sosi uye chakafukidzwa neMIT rezinesi chinopa maviri mabhenefiti.
Kutanga, chero munhu anogona kutora chikamu mukuvandudza kweGitLab uye kuona kufambira mberi kwayo. Izvi zvinotsanangura chikonzero nei chikuva chakazara nezvinhu uye chinogara chichisuma zvitsva.
GitLab inogona kugarwa uye kushandiswa munharaunda nekuti yakavhurika-sosi, zvinoreva kuti yakavanzika repositori uye makodhi haawanikwe kune vekunze.
Features
- Nekushandisa epics, mapoka (zvirongwa), uye zviitiko zvakakosha, GitLab inopa portfolio kuronga uye manejimendi.
- Matambudziko akawanda anogona kukurumidza kupihwa chimiro chakafanana, chiitiko chakakosha, kana assignee, uye unogona kusefa zvinoenderana nechero pfuma. Ona nyaya uye zvibodzwa zvemapurojekiti ese.
- chirongwa cheGitLab chinogona kuunza Jira bugs.
- Nyaya dzeGitLab dzinounzwa sechibatiso kune yako yakajairika yekuzivisa email uye inogona kutumirwa kunze senge CSV mafaera.
- Pane akati wandei maficha muGitLab's vhezheni control system. Pamusoro pezvigadziriso zviri nyore zveshanduro, kune zvakare matekinoroji akagadzirirwa kutyora nzira pakati penzvimbo yekuchengetera uye yenzvimbo yekushandira kuita nhanho diki, dzakanyatsogadziriswa.
- Mukati meGitLab, gadzira uye ongorora makesi ebvunzo. Izvi zvinoita kuti vabatsiri vakwanise kushanda pamwechete zviri nyore.
- Code quality kuzivisa, kuchengetedzwa kwenjodzi, Infrastructure seCode Security Scanning, Dynamic Application Security Testing, uye Dynamic API Security Testing ndezvimwe zvezvigadziriso zvekuchengetedza zvinokurudzirwa nepuratifomu.
- Zvishandiso zvekuronga zvinosanganisira matambudziko, rondedzero yebasa, vanopihwa kumapurojekiti, uye yekutevera nguva inowanikwa kubatsira kubata mapurojekiti nekukurumidza uye zvinobudirira. Sechikamu chepasuru, general bhizinesi performance supervision inopihwa zvakare.
- Hwaro hweGitLab ndeyeCI/CD otomatiki. Nechinangwa chekubatsira uye otomatiki kuenderera mberi kubatanidzwa, kuenderera mberi kwekutumira, uye kuenderera mberi kwekutumira, maitiro eVCS anovakwa paDevOps. Kana CI/CD ikabudirira, GitLab inopa otomatiki zvikumbiro zvekubatanidza, uye mishumo yeDevOps inoratidza nzvimbo dzekuvandudza.
Chii chinonzi Bitbucket?
Imwe yeatatu epamusoro GIT vhezheni yekudzora masisitimu ari kushandiswa nhasi ndeye Bitbucket. Mushure mekugadzirwa muna 2008, Atlassian akatenga sevhisi muna 2010.
Kune purojekiti manejimendi software seTrello, Jira, uye Confluence, Atlassian inozivikanwa pakati pemabhizinesi.
Kunyangwe kuve nekuita kushoma pane GitLab kana GitHub, Bitbucket inokwevera mabhizinesi ane nyore kubatanidza nekuda kwekambani yevabereki. Bitbucket yakasimuka kuita mukurumbira pamusika sezvo yaimbove iyo yega inopa zvisingaperi, zvisingadhure zvepachivande repositori.
Sevhisi iyi yakakwezva matangi uye masangano madiki anga achitsvaga mhinduro dzemakambani uye aiomerera pakuchengeta kodhi yavo kwavari. Mamwe maGIT masisitimu anotopa akavanzika repositori muzvirongwa zvemahara zvakare.
Kunze kweizvozvo, Bitbucket ndeyemahara kune zviri pamutemo zvisina purofiti uye rubatsiro, uye inopawo vadzidzi nevadzidzisi zvideredzwa.
Iyo Bitbucket inoshandiswa pakufambiswa kwebasa, kutonga kwekuwana, kudhonza zvikumbiro, kubatanidzwa kweJira, uye yakazara API yekuzorora. Bitbucket, iyo inopa kutonga kwekuwana, inopa iyo inogumira yekodhi kodhi.
Workflow control inoshandiswa kumanikidza purojekiti kana timu uye kudhonza zvikumbiro zvinotakurwa mukati meiyo inline comment kufambisa ongororo yekodhi. Kubatanidzwa kweJira kunobata kuteedzera kweiyo yese yekuvandudza maitiro.
Features
- Iyo Bitbucket vhezheni yekudzora sisitimu maturusi anouya nezvose zvakajairika VCS kugona. Musiyano wekutanga ndewekuti sevhisi iyi, inochengetedza kukoshesa kwekutanga pazvishandiso zvakabatanidzwa uye symbiosis yavo, inowedzera kune chimiro chepurojekiti yezvinyorwa.
- Simba reBitbucket ndiko kutarisira kweprojekiti. Iyo yakasikwa inopindirana iyi vhezheni yekudzora sisitimu ine neJira, Confluence, Trello, Bamboo, uye Opsgenie inobvumira iyo kuyerera ese emukati maitiro-kusanganisira CI/CD kutumirwa-kuburikidza nemapuratifomu ambotaurwa.
- Crucible Jenkins, Jira, uye Bamboo vanogona kupa zvishandiso zvekubatanidza masevhisi.
- Kugonesa CI/CD otomatiki, Bitbucket inotanga yakabatana neJira. Izvi zvinotarisa pakubatanidza, kutumira, uye otomatiki dev kune deployment.
- Automated vulnerability monitoring, kudhonza chikumbiro chekuongorora, uye dashboard yekuchengetedza ine data yakabatana yese mienzaniso yenzira dzekuchengetedza.
- Code wongororo inodhonza zvikumbiro, uye sangano-level bazi kuenzanisa ndiwo mashoma eBitbucket akakosha maficha.
- Magirazi eSmart, anomhanyisa clone uye nguva dzekutora pamwe nekuona kuti basa rinowiriraniswa uye rakachengetedzwa kunhoroondo yakazvipira, ipa iyo yakagoverwa system kumhanya.
GitHub vs GitLab vs Bitbucket
Vhura-sosi
Chete GitLab ndiyo yakavhurika-sosi GIT kunze kwematatu vhezheni yekudzora zvirongwa. Kune mabhizinesi anoshuvira kushandisa VCS munharaunda uye kuchengetedza kuvanzika kwekodhi yavo, yakavhurika-sosi mhando inogona kunakidza, sezvatakamboratidza.
Nekudaro, Bitbucket inowanzosarudzwa nemabhizinesi, kunyangwe hazvo GitHub ichine nharaunda ine simba. Saka, kusvika zvaita, kuve wakavhurika-sosi haisi chinhu chakakosha.
Kubatanidzwa
Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa shanduro yekutonga system pasina mubvunzo Bitbucket nekuda kwekubatanidzwa kwayo, iyo inobvumira kuti ishanduke mukuwirirana nebhizinesi rekufambisa maturusi ayo akatovakwa muVCS iyi.
Kuti zvive zvakanaka, zvakadaro, GitLab zvakare ine hukama hwakasimba naJira uye mamwe matrackers enyaya. Mukuwedzera, GitHub's Musika musha kune mazana emamwe maapplication.
Project Distribution
GitHub inowanzo shandiswa nemabhizinesi nemasangano nekuti inogovera mapurojekiti padanho resangano. Iyo purojekiti inogona kukamurwa pakati penhengo dzechikwata nekuda kweBitbucket platform kugona kugovera padanho rechikwata.
Iyo GitLab chikuva inotsigira kugoverwa kweprojekiti yeboka uye inopa nhengo dzeboka kuwana nekugovana kodzero pamusoro pekodhi yeprojekiti.
Community
Panyaya yenharaunda, GitHub iri kutungamira pasina mubvunzo. PaStack Kufashukira, kune zviuru makumi mashanu emibvunzo ine teki "GitHub." Ipuratifomu pachayo inonyanyo zivikanwa nekuve nzvimbo iyo vanogadzira vanogona kuita nhaurirano, kushandira pamwe, uye kutsvaga ruzivo uye ruzivo.
Kusiyana neizvi, GitLab pasina mubvunzo inharaunda diki, inongosvika zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvekutsvaga netag paStack Overflow, asi ichiri kufarirwa zvakanyanya pakati pevagadziri. Izvi zviri muchikamu chikuru nekuda kweanogara achigadziridzwa maficha uye yakavhurika-sosi hunhu.
Chekupedzisira, Bitbucket inoshaya hwaro hwenharaunda hwakasimba, nekungopfuura zvishoma zvikumbiro zve7,000 zvinowanikwa mumitsva yekutsvaga paStack Overflow.
Nekudaro, Bitbucket zvakare inokunda mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kusanganisira kubatanidzwa uye mafambiro ebasa anoyeuchidza mubatanidzwa.
Import Repository
Repository manejimendi mhinduro dzinofanirwa kubvumidza kupinza kwezvinyorwa kubva kune imwe puratifomu kuenda kune imwe kana tiri kutaura nezvadzo. Iyo repository inogona kutengwa kunze kwenyika uchishandisa GitHub kubva kune imwe puratifomu kuenda kune imwe.
Vashandisi veGitLab vanogona chete kupinza zvinyorwa kubva kugit papuratifomu. Pamusoro pezvo, Bitbucket inogonesa repository kupinza, asi chete kubva kune masisitimu anoshandisa Mercurial.
Naizvozvo, mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kana iwe uchida kupinza repository kubva kune imwe puratifomu kuenda kune imwe, GitHub uye Bitbucket ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo.
DevOps uye CI/CD kubatanidzwa
Kuenderera mberi kubatanidzwa uye kuenderera mberi kwekuendesa kwave kuwanikwa paGitHub, GitLab, uye Bitbucket sekutanga kwa2022, sezvavagara vachikumbirwa nevagadziri kuti, zvakanaka, nekusingaperi.
Bitbucket neGitHub vanoita kufambira mberi kwakakosha mukuvandudza kweDevOps. Nekudaro, GitLab, nekusimbisa kwayo kunoramba kuripo pane yese DevOps lifecycle uye yakabatanidzwa CI/CD, inoramba yakabata chinzvimbo chehutungamiriri.
Pricing
Unogona kutanga kushandisa Github yemahara uye inopawo premium zvirongwa zvinotanga kubva kumadhora mana/mushandisi/mwedzi.
Unogona kutanga kushandisa GitLab yemahara uye inopawo premium zvirongwa zvinotanga kubva kumadhora gumi nemapfumbamwe/mushandisi/mwedzi.
Unogona kutanga kushandisa Bitbucket mahara uye inopawo premium zvirongwa zvinotanga kubva kumadhora matatu/mushandisi/mwedzi.
mhedziso
Ngationgororei kuti ndeipi puratifomu inoshanda zvakakunakira iwe nebhizinesi rako izvozvi nekuti wava nekunzwisisa zviri nani kwavari.
Tichifunga kuti vashandisi vanogona kuendesa mapurojekiti avo uye voashandisa sepamhepo portfolio, GitHub isarudzo inonakidza kana iwe uchingoda kushanda pamapurojekiti akavhurika-sosi.
Mukupesana, kana iwe uri bhizinesi, unogona kushandisa GitLab.
Nzvimbo dzemahara dzeveruzhinji uye dzakavanzika dziripo, uye hapana zvirambidzo zvekuverenga-mushandisi. GitLab inogona kuve yakanakisa sarudzo kwauri kana iwe uchishuvira kugamuchira akati wandei marepositori uye kubatana nevanhu vazhinji.
Nekuda kwekushandisa kwayo mushandisi, BitBucket ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa sarudzo pakati pemabhizinesi mazhinji.
Uyezve, inotsigira mercurial. BitBucket isarudzo inonakidza kana iwe uri sangano uye iwe uchida kugamuchira chirongwa chako.
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