Zviri Mukati[Viga][Ratidza]
Infrastructure-as-Code, kana IaC, yakashandura nzira yekumisikidzwa nekuchengetedzwa kweIT kubva payakatanga makore gumi apfuura.
Kumisikidza zvivakwa zvitsva zvinoshandiswa zvinosanganisira kurongedza maseva emuviri, kumisikidza network yekubatanidza, uye kuchengetedza giya munzvimbo inokwanisa data. Iyo software ikozvino inogona kushandiswa kugadzira dhizaini inoshanda zvakanyanya, inodhura-inoshanda, uye yakachengeteka.
Pamusoro pezvo, nekuda kwekuchinja kubva pakutonga shanduko yenhoroondo, zvikwata zvino zvinogona kutumira zvakasimbiswa zvakanyanya, asi zvisina kutariswa maitiro matsva mumaminetsi kwete mazuva nekutevera maitiro akajairwa ekupa nekugadzirisa masisitimu pamwe nekugadzirisa kwawo.
In chinyorwa ichi, isu tichatarisa gumi epamusoro Infrastructure seCode zvigadzirwa zvine mukurumbira wakakura we automating yakaoma uye inopedza nguva mashandiro senge dhizaini kumisikidzwa, kugovera, uye kutumira pamwero.
Yakanakisa Infrastructure sekodhi chishandiso che2022
1. Anable
Ansible yakagadzirwa neRedHat nechinangwa chekusimudzira zviri nyore. Iyo inobatsira kuIT yemazuva ano uye inobatsira zvikwata zveDevOps mukuendesa zvikumbiro nekukurumidza, zvakanyanya kuvimbika, uye nenzira yakarongeka.
Pasina kunetseka nezve kusangana nemaitiro ekuteerera, unogona nyore kugadzira akati wandei akafanana seti ane ekuchengetedza baselines. Panyaya yebhizinesi, Ansible inopa mukana wekukwikwidza nekusunungura nguva yekuti sangano riite hunyanzvi uye zano, pamwe nekuenzanisa IT nezvinodiwa zvebhizinesi.
Ansible inoshandisa YAML-based configuration modules inonzi "Playbooks" kuti isete iyo inopera mamiriro ezvivakwa zvako seIaC chishandiso. Zvinogoneka zvinokutendera kuti ugadzire ako ega mamodule uye plugins kana iwe ukasangana nedambudziko risingakwanise kugadzirisa mamodules.
Inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo nzira yakatwasuka yekuitisa otomatiki kupa, kuseta, uye kugadzirisa kwekushandisa uye IT zvivakwa.
zvayakanakira
- Panyaya yekuendesa, kugadzirisa, uye nyore kushandisa, ichi chishandiso chiri nyore.
- Inogadzirisa maseva uye inoaita nemazvo.
- Tsika mamodules anobvumira Ansible kuve akagadziridzwa zvizere. Kune zvakare hombe yepamutemo repository yezvekuwedzera uye ekuwedzera-mamodule atovepo.
- Chero ese emuchina-level mabasa aunoda kuita kumisa nharaunda anofanirwa kuve otomatiki.
- Kuyedza, kuongorora, uye kugadzirisa VM nemifananidzo yemidziyo, Ansible inoshanda zvinoshamisa neJenkins muCI pombi.
- Sezvo Ansible isina mumiriri, zviitiko zvese zvinoitwa kuburikidza neSSH. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hauzodi kuisa chero software pane server uko Ansible iri kushanda.
nezvayakaipira
- Ansible ine nguva yakaoma kubata nehombe uye yakaoma hetatori. Inventory processing kunatsurudza kunogona kuita mutsauko wakakura.
- Iyo nharaunda edition haina kurongeka-mukati.
- Ansible's yemahara kudzidziswa uye tutorials haipe iyo yakafanana nhanho yeruzivo uye nyore kushandisa kune vekutanga-nguva vashandisi.
- Iyo YAML syntax inogona kunetsa kunzwisisa. Zvingave zvakaoma kudoma nzvimbo chaiyo yechikanganiso chesyntax.
Pricing
Iwe unogona kutanga kushandisa chikuva nemuyedzo wayo wemahara. Inopawo editions ekutanga asi mitengo haina kunyorwa pachikuva.
2. Terraform
Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye pachena-mabviro zvivakwa otomatiki chishandiso ndeyeHashiCorp Terraform. Iyo inobatsira nezvivakwa sekodhi kumisikidzwa, kupa, uye manejimendi.
Terraform inoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira nekuvaka IaC kune vakawanda vanopa zvivakwa vachishandisa nzira imwe chete. Zvivakwa zvinodikanwa zvinotsanangurwa sekodhi uchishandisa nzira yekuzivisa. Isati yavandudza kana kupa zvivakwa, Terraform inobvumira vashandisi kuita pre-execution cheki kuti vaone kana marongero achigutsa zvinotarisirwa.
Kuburikidza neiyo yakapfava uye inowirirana CLI maitiro, iwe unogona kuve neyako yakasarudzwa yezvivakwa kune vakawanda vanopa makore.
Yunogona kukurumidza kugadzira nharaunda dzakasiyana neyakafanana dhizaini uye kutonga hupenyu hwese hwezvaunoda zvivakwa, kubvisa kukanganisa kwevanhu uye kusimudzira otomatiki mukugovera uye kutonga maitiro.
Inotsigirawo vakasiyana-siyana vanopa, kusanganisira DigitalOcean, GitHub, Cloudflare, nevamwe. Terraform zvakare ine sosi yekudzora ficha inobvumira kuparadzwa kwezviwanikwa. Paunenge uchishanda nemakore akasanganiswa, mashandiro aya akakosha sezvo zvirongwa zvinogona kugadzirwa kune akawanda akawanda vanopa makore uye zvivakwa uchishandisa maitiro akafanana.
zvayakanakira
- Vazhinji vanopa zvivakwa vanotsigirwa / vakabatanidzwa, kusanganisira AWS, Google Cloud, Datadog, GitLab, Heroku, uye SignalFx.
- Kurumidza kuendesa zvivakwa sekodhi. Zviri nyore kumisa nharaunda uye kutanga, kukura nekukurumidza.
- Inorerutsa cloud state manejimendi zvakanyanya kupfuura zvigadziriso zvemuno zvinopihwa nevanopa masevhisi.
- Terraform's network yemamodule inobata kune akasiyana siyana evanopa masevhisi.
nezvayakaipira
- Terraform haina graphical user interface, izvo zvingadai zvakaita kuti zvive nyore kushandisa.
- Kugadziridza kodhi yezvivakwa kunogona kutora nguva uye kazhinji kunoda kugadzirwa kwezviwanikwa zvitsva (senge pakupa zita rezviwanikwa)
- Terraform ine yayo DSL, iyo HashiCorp Configuration Mutauro, iyo inotora nguva kuti ijaire.
Pricing
Unogona kutanga kushandisa chikuva nehurongwa hwayo hwemahara. Inopawo zvirongwa zvakabhadharwa zvinotanga kubva kumadhora makumi maviri / mushandisi.
3. musoro
Chef ndeimwe yeanonyanya kuzivikanwa maIaC maturusi mubhizinesi. Chef inoshandisa muitiro wemutauro wemutauro, umo mushandisi anofanira kunyora kodhi uye kutsanangura nzira yekuwana iyo inodiwa nyika nhanho nhanho. Zviri kumushandisi kusarudza yakanakisa nzira yekuendesa.
Chef inobvumidza iwe kugadzira mabikirwo uye mabhuku ekubika uchishandisa yayo Ruby-based DSL.
Aya mabikirwo uye mabhuku ekubika anodonongodza maitiro anodiwa kuti ugadzirise maapplication ako uye zvekushandisa pamaseva aripo kune zvaunoda. Kuchinja kwayo kuzere, pamwe chete neyakavakwa-mukati medhift minimization uye kugona kududzira marongero sekodhi, inoita kuti ive scalable uye ibatike mune chero CI/CD pombi.
Iyi sarudzo yekugadzirisa zvivakwa yakagadzirirwa kukubatsira iwe kuita uye kuenzanisira scalable uye yakachengeteka zvivakwa otomatiki maitiro mune chero nharaunda.
zvayakanakira
- Chef ane pre-package templates anoita kuti zvive nyore kubata zvivakwa, kubva pazasi kusvika pakuomesesa.
- Chef iri nyore chaizvo kushanda. Zvizhinji zveChef zvinhu zvinotevera misimboti yakafanana, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira mabhuku ekutanga ekubika kubva pakutanga.
- Chef ari kushanda nesimba kushongedza Chef otomatiki nekubatanidza kwakakosha kunozoitendera kuti isvike pakugona kwayo kuzere.
- Iwo Cookbooks ndeimwe yeakanakisa maficha eChef, sezvo achibvumira kukurumidza kutorwa.
- Pane hupfumi hwezvinhu zviripo kuti zvikubatsire iwe kuzadzisa chero chinangwa neChef.
nezvayakaipira
- Mutauro wakanangana nedomasi wakasimba, asi unoda kudzidzira.
- Zvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuvhiringidza; nzira yekubatanidza yaizorerutsa zvinhu.
- Mubiki anogona kuita seanotyisa pakutanga. Pane zvakawanda zvekutora, uye ndakaona kuti nzira yakanaka yekudzidza kutora nguva yako, kuva nemoyo murefu, uye kudzidzira.
Pricing
Mitengo yacho haiwanikwe pachikuva, ndapota taura nemutengesi wemitengo yayo.
4. Puppet
Kana ichienzaniswa nemamwe maturusi eIaC pane yedu runyorwa, Puppet ine zvakawanda zvakafanana neChef, uye iri pakadzika pemapombi einjiniya mazhinji eCI/CD eDevOps.
Inoshandisa Ruby-based DSL kuratidza mamiriro ekupedzisira ezvivakwa zvako pamwe nemabasa aunoda kuti iite. Puppet inobva yazadza maburi, kufunga nzira yekukurumidza kuenda kune yakambomisikidzwa yekumisikidza mamiriro.
Puppet seti yezvishandiso zveIAC zvekukurumidza uye zvakachengeteka kupa zvivakwa. Iyo ine nharaunda yakakura yekuvandudza iyo yakapa mamodule kubatsira kuvandudza mashandiro esoftware.
Puppet inobatanidza neanenge ese makuru egore Infrastructure seCode platform, kusanganisira AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, uye VMware, inobvumira akawanda-makore otomatiki.
zvayakanakira
- Kana yakasanganiswa neyekudzora sosi, inopa yakavimbika nzira yekuendesa zvivakwa-se-code (seGit).
- Inokuita kuti uise software zvakanaka pasina kunzwisisa zvese zvese.
- Inogadzirisa sisitimu yekumisikidza kudhiraivha yekuwedzera sisitimu kugadzikana uye uptime; iyo yakafanana dhizaini-se-code inogona kusundirwa kunze kakawanda.
- Kana zvasvika pakusundidzira zvikwata kuenda kuDevOps, ichi chinhu chakakosha sezvo ichibvumira budiriro kutora manejimendi ezvavo zvinhu.
nezvayakaipira
- Yepamusoro yekudzidza curve, asi iyo inogona kuve nyore kugona kana mashoma mashoma akadzidzwa uye Chipopi chinoshandiswa mukuita.
- Mune imwe nzira yekudyidzana yekufambisa inotora mapuratifomu akasiyana uye nzvimbo dzedata, kuomarara kwacho kunogona kuve kwakakura.
- Haawirirane zvakanaka neazvino zvivakwa, izvo zvisiri zvekuzvarwa kukanganisa kwePuppet, asi zvinogona kuda shanduko inoshamisa mukufunga nemaitiro kuita nguva dzose.
- Iwe unofanirwa kujairana naRuby kana iwe uchida kuita mabasa akaomarara nawo.
Pricing
Mitengo yacho haiwanikwe pachikuva, ndapota taura nemutengesi wemitengo yayo.
5. AWS CloudFormation
AWS CloudFormation ndeye yakasanganiswa Infrastructure seCode (IaC) mhinduro mukati meAWS gore papuratifomu iyo inokutendera iwe kukurumidza uye nyore kutumira uye kutonga boka reakabatana AWS uye yechitatu-bato zviwanikwa uchishandisa Infrastructure seCode. Inokuita kuti ushandise ese anodiwa DevOps uye GitOps maitiro akanakisa.
Nekubatanidza CloudFormation nezvimwe zvakakosha zveAWS zviwanikwa, unogona kungo gadzirisa scalability yezviwanikwa zvako uye kunyange otomatiki ekuwedzera zviwanikwa manejimendi.
AWS CloudFormation zvakare inoita kuti iwe ugadzire vashandisi vezvishandiso vachishandisa yakavhurika-sosi CLI kupa uye kubata wechitatu-bato rekushandisa zviwanikwa padivi pezviwanikwa zveAWS.
CloudFormation matemplate anogona kunyorwa mune zvese YAML neJSON, uye anogona kushandiswa kubata, kuyera, uye otomatiki zviwanikwa zveAWS nekukurumidza uye nyore.
Iwe unogona zvakare kutarisa shanduko dzese usati wadzitumira, izvo zvinokutendera iwe kuti uone kuti seti yekuchinja ichakanganisa sei zviwanikwa zvako, masevhisi, uye zvinoenderana.
zvayakanakira
- Gadzirisa maitiro ekupa manyorero.
- Ikozvino kugadzirisa kunogona kushandurwa kuita template uchishandisa chishandiso.
- Kune akati wandei matemplate uye snippets anowanikwa.
- Infrastructure sekodhi kukunda maererano ne automation.
- Kugovera kunofanirwa kubatanidzwa muCI / CD.
- Kubatana pakati pemugadziri uye muiti.
- Mamwe maDevOps maturusi ekushandisa anogona kubatanidzwa uye kukwidziridzwa.
- Kudyidzana neCF kunogona kukubatsira kukurumidza kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwako hwemutsara wekuraira.
nezvayakaipira
- Tsananguro yekukanganisa mushure mekutadza inofanirwa kuvandudzwa.
- Kudzima nemaoko zviwanikwa kunodiwa. Isati yatanga kudzima, inogona kubvunza kana zviwanikwa zvichifanira kutsikwa kana kubviswa.
- Nekuda kwekubatana kuri pachena kwezviwanikwa kana setups, zvingave zvakaoma kubvisa stacks.
Pricing
Unogona kutanga kushandisa puratifomu ine yemahara tier. Uye mitengo inotangira pamadhora 0.0009 pakubata kwemubati.
6. Google Cloud Deployment Manager
Google Cloud Deployment Manager iGoogle Cloud Platform deployment solution inogadziridza kugadzira zviwanikwa, kuseta, kupa, uye manejimendi.
Yunogona kuisa pamwechete boka reGoogle Cloud masevhisi uye wozvibata sechinhu chimwe chete. Iwe unogona kugadzira mamodheru uchishandisa YAML kana Python, tarisa shanduko usati waendesa, uye ongorora kutumirwa kwako kuburikidza nekoni mushandisi interface.
Iyi Infrastructure seCode tool inoshandisa nzira yemutauro wekutaura kuratidza yaunoda setup uye kusiya zvimwe kuhurongwa. Google Cloud Deployment Manager inobvumira kuendesa panguva imwe chete yezviwanikwa zvakawanda, pamwe nekutonga kwekugadzira zviwanikwa uye zviwanikwa zvinodikanwa.
Zvigadziriso zvekutumira zvinobatwa sekodhi, uye zvinogona kudzokororwa zviri nyore nekuchengetedza kuenderana mudunhu ravo.
zvayakanakira
- Inobvumira kune akati wandei zviwanikwa deployments panguva imwe chete.
- Inobvumira zviwanikwa mukutumirwa kuwedzerwa, kubviswa, kana kuchinjwa.
- Vashandisi vanoisa gadziriso uye sisitimu inoverengera yasara vachishandisa nzira yemutauro wekuzivisa.
- Inogadzira tsananguro zvinoenderana pakati pezviwanikwa uye inodzora kutevedzana kwazvinogadzirwa.
nezvayakaipira
- Zvigadziriso zvinogadzirwa munguva chaiyo. Isu hatigone kuvandudza maapplication edu panguva imwe chete, asi isu tinokwanisa kuaendesa, inova imwe yezvakanyanya kukanganisa.
- Nebasa racho, hapana rubatsiro rwakanyanya. Nguva yekupindura yezvinhu zvakavhurika haina kukurumidza sezvazvingaite.
Pricing
Mitengo yechigadzirwa kana sevhisi haina kupihwa neGoogle Cloud Deployment Manager. Iyi ndiyo nzira yakajairika yevatengesi vesoftware uye vanopa masevhisi. Kuti uwane mitengo iripo, bata Google Cloud Deployment Manager.
7. Azure Resource Manager
Azure Resource Maneja, inova mhinduro yeMicrosoft yekugadzirisa Infrastructure mupuratifomu yayo, chimwe chepamusoro IaC chigadzirwa. Iyo inobata kutsamira uye zvivakwa uchishandisa iyo Azure Resource Manager template (ARM matemplate).
Iwe unogona, semuenzaniso, kuronga zviwanikwa zvako mumapoka, kudzima, uye kudzikamisa zviwanikwa zvekuwana mazinga, kutaura mashoma sarudzo. Kudzora kuwana masevhisi uye zviwanikwa zviri nyore neAzure, iyo inouya neyakavakwa-mukati rutsigiro rweRole-Based Access Control (RBAC).
Mapoka ekutungamira, kunyoreswa, uye mapoka ezvishandiso, kune rumwe rutivi, anobvumidza iwe kukwenenzvera hupamhi hwekuwana. Pamusoro pezvo, mazinga akaderera ehutongi anogarwa nhaka kubva kumatanho epamusoro, achivimbisa kuti mitemo yepamusoro-soro inotevedzwa mumapoka ese epasi-pasi nezviwanikwa.
zvayakanakira
- Zviri nyore kushandisa, uye kutonga kwekuchengetedza incentives kuri nyore.
- Mano anonyanya kubatsira ndeaya ekugadzirisa kunyoreswa uye kugovera seti yezviwanikwa kune timu yeprojekiti.
- Azure Resource Maneja inobatsira nemabasa ekutonga akadai sekutungamira kwechikwata. Inobatsirawo kune nyanzvi. Inoshanda chaizvo kutibatsira mukutonga kwepakati mapurojekiti nemasevhisi.
nezvayakaipira
- Iko hakuna mutsara mumwechete wekuita otomatiki kana kuyera nzvimbo yekuchengetera mushandisi interface.
- Vanogona kukwanisa kuvandudza mushandisi interface.
Pricing
Mitengo yacho haiwanikwe pachikuva, ndapota taura nemutengesi wemitengo yayo.
8. Pulumi
Pulumi mhinduro yeIaC inozvisiyanisa kubva kune mamwe maInfrastructure seCode platforms nekupa kuwedzera kushanduka.
Python, JavaScript, C#, Go, uye TypeScript ndeimwe yemitauro inotsigirwa. Pulumi inogona kusangana nehupamhi hweIaC DevOps makesi ekushandisa uye kusvika kune ruzhinji rwevagadziri nekuwedzera rutsigiro rwemutauro.
Mimwe mitauro inorevawo kuti une mamwe maturusi uye masisitimu zvaunazvo ekugadzira uye kuyedza hupfumi hwako. Chimiro chinosiyanisa chePulumi seInfrastructure seCode tool ndechekuti inoita basa rakatanhamara rekuchengetedza misimboti yakakosha uye kushanda kwezvishandiso zvinozivikanwa seTerraform ichitsigirawo hofori dzemakore AWS, GCP, uye Azure Cloud.
zvayakanakira
- Zvinhu zvinopedzwa mumasekonzi kwete maawa.
- Yese shanduko inofanirwa kusimbiswa kuburikidza nekuyedza uye yakavakirwa-mukati marongero.
- Iyo Pulumi chishandiso chakanakisa kuva nacho.
nezvayakaipira
- Parizvino hapana zvinokanganisa.
Pricing
Unogona kutanga kushandisa chikuva nehurongwa hwayo hwega. Inopawo izvo zvinotanga kubva kumadhora 0.00025/kiredhiti.
9. vagrant
Vagrant ndiyo mhinduro kune nyanzvi dzinoda kushandisa nhamba diki yeVirtual Machines panzvimbo yemakore makuru zvivakwa. Yakagadzirwa naHashiCorp, iyo kambani yakagadzira Terraform. Nekuti inonyanya kukurumidza kuvaka nharaunda dzekusimudzira, chigadzirwa chakagadzirirwa vagadziri vanoshanda pachiyero chidiki.
Unogona kushandisa Vagrant kugadzira Virtual Machine, mhanyisa bvunzo dzako, uye chengetedza zvese zveVM zvigadziriso muVagrantfile. Unogona kugovera izvi nevamwe vanogadzira kuvimbisa kuti vanowana mibairo mimwechete uye vanoshanda munzvimbo imwechete.
Inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete neVirtualBox, AWS, uye chero imwe yegore inopa inopa virtualization sevhisi. Inopindiranawo nemamwe maturusi eIaC senge Chef nePuppet.
zvayakanakira
- Nzvimbo yekusimudzira inogona kugadzirwa nekukurumidza uye nyore.
- Dev/yedzo nharaunda ine inoshanda kwazvo projekiti scaffolding.
- Mabhokisi emunharaunda nemapulagi anouya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana.
- Nekusimudzira kwenzvimbo, Vagrant inoita kuti zvive nyore kutsanangura madoko uye maURL.
- Zviri nyore kugadzira michina ine akati wandei masisitimu anoshanda; rondedzero yavo, pamwe nemirairo yekumisikidza, inogona kuwanikwa paVagrant's webhusaiti.
nezvayakaipira
- Iyo haina graphical mushandisi interface, kunyangwe inogona kubatsira kune vanotanga.
- Zvichienderana nekodhi yako, inogona kunge iri nzira yakaoma kumisikidza.
- Izvo zvinodikanwa kushandisa mutsara wekuraira, izvo zvingave zvichinetsa kune vashoma tech-savvy vagadziri uye vanogadzira.
Pricing
Iwe unogona kutanga kushandisa chikuva nehurongwa hwayo hwenharaunda, iyo yakasununguka zvachose. Inopawo zvirongwa zvakabhadharwa zvinotanga kubva kumadhora mashanu / mwedzi.
10. (R)?ex
(R)?ex kana Rex iri nyore automation framework iyo isingamanikidzire yayo modhi pamushandisi. Iwe unogona kushandisa chero musanganiswa weanozivisa uye akakosha nzira, kusunda kana kudhonza manejimendi masitayipi, yemunharaunda kana kure kuuraya, zvichingodaro nerex.
Iyo yakavhurika-sosi yekuendesa uye yekumisikidza manejimendi chikuva chakavakirwa chete paPerl Coding, ichikubvumidza iwe kunyatso kugadzirisa mamodule kuti usangane nezvido zvako.
Kugona kwayo kweSSH yekudzora maseva ari kure kunoita kuti zvive nyore kumisikidza uye otomatiki zviitiko zvinodzokororwa, kuchengetedza nguva uye kushanda nesimba.
zvayakanakira
- Perl mutauro uri nyore kudzidza.
- Icho chishandiso chisina mumiririri chinoshandisa shh.
- Mabasa anodzokororwa anoitwa otomatiki kuchengetedza nguva uye kushushikana.
nezvayakaipira
- Parizvino hapana zvinokanganisa.
Pricing
Sezvo yakavhurika-sosi, vese vanogona kuishandisa mahara.
mhedziso
Nekubudirira kwayo uye kuvimbika, Infrastructure seCode ndiyo nzira yeramangwana yekugadzirisa zviwanikwa zvegore. Iwo matekinoroji eIaC atakakurukura achabatsira chero chirongwa kuti chifambe nemazvo nekuita otomatiki maitiro anotora nguva zvakanyanya, ukuwo uchikurudzira mhepo yakachengeteka uye kuve nechokwadi chekufanana.
Mabhizinesi mazhinji akashandurira kuIaC mumakore achangopfuura, zvichikonzera kuderedzwa nguva yakashandiswa kubata neWebUI yavo yepuratifomu uye kusawirirana muzviwanikwa. Mamwe makuru eIaC maturusi aripo nhasi anosanganisirwa mune rondedzero iri pamusoro. Rondedzero iyi haina kukwana, asi inokuita kuti utange pane iyi dingindira.
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