M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
Elon Musk amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha masomphenya ake ogwiritsira ntchito ubongo wathu kulamulira teknoloji, kutumiza maroketi ku Mars, ndikuyendetsa mobisa ndi magalimoto oyendetsa magetsi.
Tsogolo limene amaliganizira m’maganizo mwake limafunika kukonzekera kwambiri kuti likwaniritsidwe.
Ganizirani za kuthekera komwe titha kugwiritsa ntchito makina ndi malingaliro athu okha. Sitikhulupirira kuti lingalirolo ndi lovulaza monga momwe timakhulupirira kuti liri.
Tangoganizani kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pongoganizira. Tangoganizani momwe nkhaniyi ingakhalire yosiyana ndikanatha kuilemba m'maganizo mwanga osati pa kiyibodi.
Neuralink imatha kuchita izi, osachepera. Bizinesi ya neurotech ya Elon Musk, Neuralink, ikupanga tchipisi chomwe chimatha kuyikidwa mu chigaza chamunthu kuti chiwunikire komanso mwina ngakhale. kulimbikitsa ubongo wawo ntchito.
Musk adakhazikitsa bizinesi yaukadaulo ya neural Neuralink mu 2016 ndi cholinga chachikulu chokwaniritsa symbiosis ndi AI ndikumanga dongosolo lomwe limalola kulumikizana ndi AI.
Bizinesi ya neuroscience ya Elon Musk, Neuralink, yatenga chidwi kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuwona bwino mawonekedwe a ubongo ndi makompyuta.
Lingaliro la kulumikiza makompyuta ndi anthu silatsopano, koma chitukuko chotsatira chidzakhaladi kuyanjana kwa nzeru zochita kupanga teknoloji ndi makina opangira ubongo (BMI).
Tiwona mwachidule mwachidule za Neuralink mu chidutswa ichi, komanso mndandanda wa omwe amatsutsana nawo. Zotsatira zake, mumadziwa za omwe akupikisana nawo.
Mwachidule za Neuralink
Neuralink ndi chipangizo china chaubongo chomwe chimayikidwa muubongo wa munthu.
Pambuyo pake, mutha kulumikizana ndi makina owongolera.
Popeza luso lamakono likhoza kufufuza ndi kuchiza nkhani zingapo zachipatala, kuphatikizapo kulankhula, kulumala, kuyendetsa galimoto, ndi zina, makampani azaumoyo akuyembekezeka kukumana ndi zotsatira zake mwamsanga.
Chigaza cham'mimba mwake cha 8mm chizikhala ndi chipangizo cha Neuralink, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti N1 chipset, chomwe chili ndi zingwe zingapo zokhala ndi maelekitirodi komanso kutsekereza mawaya.
Chipcho chidzayikidwa mu ubongo ndi robot. Malinga ndi bizinesiyo, mawayawo ndi okhuthala ma 100 ma micrometer komanso okhuthala ngati ma neuron a muubongo.
Kuti timvetse mmene chip chimagwirira ntchito, choyamba tiyenera kumvetsa mmene ubongo umagwirira ntchito. Ubongo umapangidwa ndi ma neuron, omwe amatumiza chidziwitso kumadera osiyanasiyana a thupi ndikuwongolera zochitika zonse zathupi.
Kuti muzindikire zochitika za neuron, chipangizo cha Neuralink chikanapangidwa ndi mawaya ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi maelekitirodi opitilira chikwi omwe angatseke zonse. ubongo wa munthu.
Chip chokulirapo chandalama chizitha kuyitanitsa opanda zingwe.
Tchipisi izi zitha kuthandiza anthu olumala kugwiritsa ntchito mafoni awo m'manja ndi malingaliro awo okha. Ma chips amatha kutha kukumbukira zonse zomwe munthu amakumbukira, malinga ndi Musk.
Ndi tekinoloje yatsopano yotereyi imabwera ndi chidwi chochuluka cha momwe imagwirira ntchito komanso nkhawa za zomwe zingayimire mtsogolo.
Opikisana Opambana a Neuralink
1. Zotengeka
Bizinesi yaku America ya bioinformatics yotchedwa Emotiv imagwiritsa ntchito electroencephalography kuphunzira momwe ubongo wamunthu umagwirira ntchito.
Kupyolera mu electroencephalography, mutha kudziwa bwino momwe mumaganizira komanso momwe mumamvera pakalipano.
Kafukufuku wa sayansi ya ubongo, thanzi ndi thanzi, magalimoto, kafukufuku wa ogula, maphunziro, ndi zosangalatsa zonse zitha kupindula pogwiritsa ntchito analytics ya EMOTIV kulimbikitsa magwiridwe antchito ndikuwongolera mapulogalamu ndi ntchito zatsopano.
Mafunde aubongo amasinthidwa kukhala ma siginecha a digito omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwongolera chilichonse chomwe chimalankhula mu 1s ndi 0s kudzera pazida za EMOTIV ndi makina kuphunzira algorithms.
The Mental Commands aligorivimu yolembedwa ndi EMOTIV imatha kuzindikira malingaliro ophunziridwa omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito poganiza zowongolera zinthu zakuthupi ndi zenizeni.
Kuwongolera muubongo kumatha kupititsa patsogolo zochitika zina, kusintha zida zanthawi zonse monga makiyibodi, ndikupatsa olumala njira zatsopano zolumikizirana ndi chilengedwe.
Malingaliro ndi malingaliro awo nthawi yomweyo zimaphatikizidwa ndi ukadaulo womwe amagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse kudzera munjira yotchedwa brain-computer interface (BCI).
Kulumikizana pakati pa ubongo ndi kompyuta sikunakhale kophweka, kaya kulamulira mipando ya olumala kapena ma drones, kupanga nyimbo kapena luso, kapena kusoka. zochitika za digito ku zomverera zenizeni.
2. Malingaliro a kampani Brain Co., Ltd.
Harvard Innovation Lab idakhala ngati chofungatira cha bizinesi yaku US BrainCo, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2015.
Bizinesiyo imapanga ma hardware, mapulogalamu, masensa, ndi AI yaukadaulo wamakina a ubongo (BMI).
Chingwe chamutu cha EEG chopanda zingwe ndi chida chomwe chimatha kuwunika zigawo zingapo zaubongo, kuphatikiza kuya kwa chidwi, kupumula, ndi kusinkhasinkha.
Mabizinesi okhazikika mu "Brain-Computer Interface" akuchulukirachulukira. Zidazi zimatha kusintha mphamvu zaubongo kuchokera ku masensa a m'mutu kapenanso ma implants a muubongo kukhala ma siginecha a digito ndikujambulitsa zomwe datayo.
Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo m'chilichonse kuyambira pamaphunziro ndi ma prosthetics kupita kumasewera komanso kuwongolera nyumba mwanzeru, bizinesi iyi ikuyembekezeka kufika $ 1.5 biliyoni chaka chino.
Chovala chamutu cha FocusOne chochokera ku BrainCo, bizinesi ina yomwe imagwira ntchito molumikizana ndi ubongo-makompyuta, imakhala ndi masensa omwe amayesa zochitika zam'tsogolo za cortex kudzera pamphumi.
Mulingo wolunjika ndi cholinga cha "wearable brainwave visualizer," omwe opanga ake amafuna kuwona m'makalasi.
3.Mind Maze
Computing platform MindMaze idakhazikitsidwa mu 2012 ndipo inali ndi likulu lake ku Lausanne, Switzerland.
Pulatifomu yamakompyuta yolimbikitsidwa ndi neuro-inspired ya kampaniyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kulumikizana kwa makina osavuta ndi anthu.
Zapanga makina ogwiritsira ntchito makina omwe amagwiritsa ntchito maulosi a neural kuti azindikire zizindikiro za ubongo asanalandire nthawi yeniyeni.
Zoposa zaka khumi za ntchito yolumikizana ndi neuroscience, biosensing, engineering, zenizeni zosakanikirana, ndi luntha lochita kupanga zathandizira mwayi woti odwala matenda amisempha achire.
Cholinga chawo ndikumanga nsanja yophatikiza zonse za thanzi laubongo pophatikiza njira zawo zamankhwala za digito zoyeretsedwa ndi FDA komanso zolembedwa ndi CE ndi ma analytics apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, AI, ndiukadaulo wamtambo.
Cholinga chachikulu cha chilichonse chomwe amakwaniritsa ku MindMaze ndi CogniChip.
Kupeza kwatsopano kulikonse kumatifikitsa pafupi ndi sitepe imodzi. Chidziwitso ichi chidzabweretsa zigawo izi pamodzi pangani munthu weniweni.
Lapangidwa kuti liphatikize ndikugwirizanitsa zonse zomwe ubongo umakumana nazo. Zogwiritsa ntchito izi mapasa a digito ndi zosiyanasiyana ndithu.
Zidzakhudza kwambiri gawo lililonse la kukhalapo kwa anthu, kuphatikizapo mayendedwe, ndege, masewera, mauthenga, ndi masewera, kuwonjezera pa kulimbitsa masomphenya awo a chithandizo cha digito pazachipatala.
4. Kernel
Kernel yochokera ku US ikugwira ntchito kuti ipange mawonekedwe osasokoneza malingaliro a thupi-makina (MBMI) omwe amathandizira kwambiri ndikukulitsa luntha laumunthu.
Pofuna kulola anthu kuti azitha kusinthika ndi luntha lochita kupanga, Kernel adapanga chida chotchedwa "neuroprosthesis" chomwe chimathandizira kuphunzira mwachangu komanso kukumbukira kwambiri.
Anafufuza mosamala zida zamalonda zamakono, adapanga machitidwe awo pogwiritsa ntchito zida zabwino kwambiri zomwe zilipo pamene tikukonzekera njira iliyonse yomwe tingathe, ndikuwunika luso lamakono lamakono kuti apange neuroimaging yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Njira zambiri zosagwiritsa ntchito zojambulira ma siginecha a muubongo mwina zimayang'anira magawo a electromagnetic opangidwa ndi magulu a neuroni kapena kuyang'ana kusiyanasiyana kwapang'onopang'ono kwa okosijeni wamagazi, komwe kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika zapakatikati za neuronal.
Komabe, mkhalidwe wamakono wa iliyonse ya matekinoloje ameneŵa uli ndi mavuto, zoletsa, kapena zopereŵera.
Mwa kuphatikiza zabwino za TD-fNIRS muzinthu zake, Kernel ikupanga m'badwo wotsatira wa zida zowunikira ubongo.
5. Zosasunthika
Mu 2015, poyambira ku US Neurable idakhazikitsidwa. Bizinesiyo yapanga zida zaukadaulo zaubongo zomwe zimatha kuwongolera dziko la digito patelekinetiki, kuyeza momwe akumvera, ndikuzindikira zolinga zamunthu.
Kuwongolera kothandizidwa ndi ubongo pazowona zenizeni komanso zowonjezereka kumapangidwa ndi Neurable. Developer Kit 1 (DK1) yochokera ku Neurable idalengezedwa ngati chida chomwe chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi HTC's revolutionary Vive virtual reality (VR). T
Hey adatsimikizira kugwiritsa ntchito koyambirira kwa kulumikizana kwaubongo ndi makompyuta pogwiritsa ntchito VR kuwonetsa malingaliro ofunikira.
Dziko lokhala ndi ulamuliro wamaganizidwe paukadaulo ndi makompyuta okhudzidwa - makompyuta omwe amatha kuzindikira malingaliro - mbali ziwiri zatsopano za momwe anthu amalumikizirana ndi makina - ndizomwe tidawona.
Kuti agwiritse ntchito ukadaulo wawo kuti apititse patsogolo maphunziro awo ankhondo, tsopano akukambirana ndi magulu angapo ankhondo.
Pofuna kuthandiza anthu kuphunzira zambiri za iwo eni komanso momwe amayankhira pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana, Neurable amakambirana za kufupikitsa njira yophunzitsira ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma biometric ndi data.
Akupanga ma aligorivimu omwe aziyembekezera zam'tsogolo ndikuteteza ogwiritsa ntchito kuti asachite zolakwika.
Akamayamba kuwerengera chidziwitso, Neurable ikupanga mawonekedwe apakompyuta omwe angathandize anthu kumvetsetsa bwino lomwe.
6. Bitbrain
Pofuna kupereka zipangizo zamakono za ubongo za EEG ndi njira zina zamakono zowunikira anthu, komanso njira zothetsera mapulogalamu ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kufufuza.
Bitbrain, bizinesi yomwe imachita zaukadaulo waubongo, imaphatikiza sayansi yaubongo, luntha lochita kupanga, ndi zida. Pamayankho a B2B neurotechnology, Bitbrain imawonedwa ngati ulamuliro wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Zovala zingapo zotsogola komanso zowunikira zimapezeka kuchokera ku Bitbrain, kampani yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2010 ndi akatswiri amaphunziro aku University of Zaragoza ku Spain.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwazinthuzo kumayambira ku labotale yoyendetsedwa bwino kupita kugulu la anthu wamba, kumapereka chidziwitso pamayendedwe a neuromarketing ndi kuwongolera mwanzeru.
Zida zonse za Bitbrain zimabwera ndi pulogalamu ya pulogalamu yomwe ili ndi zida zopangira mapulogalamu ndi kusonkhanitsa deta ndipo imagwirizana ndi mayankho a mapulogalamu a Bitbrain ndi mapulogalamu ena.
Zida zamapulogalamu a Bitbrain zimapereka ochita kafukufuku kusinthasintha kuti agwire ntchito pa onse ogwiritsa ntchito komanso magawo a pulogalamu (chitukuko cha pulogalamu) (kupeza, kuwona, ndi kutumiza kunja).
Kuphatikiza apo, imapereka kulumikizana kosavuta ndi zida zosanthula deta zapaintaneti zochokera pa Matlab, Python, ndi zilankhulo zina zamapulogalamu komanso maphwando anthawi yeniyeni kutengera LabStreamingLayer LSL.
Kutsiliza
Malingaliro ndi ubongo nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa kuti malire omaliza a sayansi.
Kuchuluka kwa imvi kwa ma cell mu zigaza zathu zomwe zimagwira gawo lofunikira pakuzindikira, kuwongolera mtima, mapapo, machitidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito ena, kuyenda, ndi zina zambiri sizimamveka.
Ubongo wathu umatha kunyamula zidziwitso mabiliyoni ambiri sekondi iliyonse, chifukwa cha kulumikizana kwawo ndi ma neuronal pafupifupi 100 biliyoni.
Kulumikizana kwa makompyuta ndi ubongo ndi njira yatsopano yomvetsetsa zinsinsi zamalingaliro.
Ukadaulo wamakompyuta waubongo uli ndi tsogolo lowala.
Sizinatenge nthawi kuti ma neurotechnologies mothandizidwa ndi makampaniwa akwaniritsidwe ndi chitukuko cha kuphunzira pamakina ndi luntha lochita kupanga limodzi ndi kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwa mapurosesa apakompyuta.
Siyani Mumakonda