Kodi ndinu wopanga, wopanga makina, kapena manejala wa IT yemwe akufunafuna yankho lochepetsera ndalama, kukulitsa scalability, ndikuteteza mapulogalamu anu amtambo?
Ngati ndi choncho, ndiye kuti kubwereka ndalama zambiri kungakhale yankho lanu.
Mu positi iyi, tiwona zoyambira zogwirira ntchito zambiri, njira zina zogwirira ntchito, ndi zinthu zofunika kuziganizira. Bukuli likupatsani zonse zomwe mungafune kuti muyambe.
Kodi Multitenancy ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?
Pulogalamu imodzi imatha kuthandiza makasitomala ambiri (obwereketsa) pansi pamalingaliro omanga amitundu yambiri. Wopanga nyumba aliyense ali ndi deta yakeyake, kasinthidwe, ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe ndipo amalekanitsidwa momveka ndi enawo.
Izi zikutanthawuza kuti deta ya lendi aliyense ndi yosiyana ndi deta ya obwereketsa ena ndipo siipezeka kwa alendi ena. Mu mapulogalamu opangidwa ndi mtambo, pomwe makasitomala ambiri amagawana zinthu zomwezo, kubwereka nyumba zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi.
Mipikisano yobwereka wakhala lingaliro kwa kanthawi, koma ndi kukula kwa mtambo kompyuta, zadziwika kwambiri posachedwapa. Mu mapulogalamu otengera mitambo, kubwereketsa ndalama zambiri ndi njira yamphamvu yopulumutsira ndalama, kukulitsa kusinthika, ndikuwonjezera kusinthasintha.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Kuli Kofunika?
Mipikisano yobwereketsa idachokera pamapangidwe amtundu wa mainframe pomwe mapulogalamu angapo ndi ogwiritsa ntchito adagawana nsanja imodzi yosinthira zida. Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa ukadaulo wamakono wothandizidwa ndi hardware, kubwereka nyumba zambiri kwawoneka bwino kwambiri.
Kuthekera kogawana ma hardware pamapulogalamu ambiri, monga makina enieni ndi mapulogalamu awo, kwawoneka ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamapulogalamu apamtambo.
Multi-tenancy nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osungiramo data komanso malo omwe amakhalapo monga kugawa ndi kugawana ntchito za IT, zomwe zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito angapo kugawana zida zoletsedwa kapena zogawana.
Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zochepetsera ndalama, kukulitsa kuchulukira, komanso kulimbikitsa chitetezo pamapulogalamu ozikidwa pamtambo, kubwereketsa ndalama zambiri kwakhala gawo lofunikira lopangira mapulogalamu.
Kodi Zimatheka Bwanji?
Virtualization, containerization, ndi mtambo kompyuta ndi zina mwa njira ndi matekinoloje omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti akwaniritse ntchito zambiri.
Virtualization imalola makompyuta ambiri kapena makina ogwiritsira ntchito kuti azigwira ntchito pamakina amodzi okha, zomwe zimalola kuti malo akutali apangidwe.
Containerization, kumbali ina, imathandizira kuti pakhale malo opepuka, akutali, komanso osunthika omwe amagawana kernel yamakina omwewo.
Cloud computing ndi kamangidwe kake kosinthika komanso kosinthika komwe kamalola ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri kugawana zomwe amafunikira pamakompyuta.
Ukadaulo uwu, ukaphatikizidwa ndi kasamalidwe kosiyanasiyana ndi chitetezo, umathandizira kupanga malo okhala anthu ambiri omwe amatsimikizira kudzipatula, chitetezo, ndi magwiridwe antchito a lendi aliyense.
Kusiyana Pakati pa Single Tenant vs Multi-Tenant
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa malo okhala m'modzi ndi okhalamo ambiri ndikuti kasitomala m'malo okhala malo amodzi amakhala ndi nthawi yodzipereka yogwiritsira ntchito komanso zothandizira, pomwe makasitomala ambiri amagawana ntchito zomwezo komanso zomangamanga m'malo okhala anthu ambiri.
Deta ya kasitomala aliyense imasiyanitsidwa ndi makasitomala ena m'malo okhala anthu ambiri, koma amagawana codebase yomweyo ndi zomangamanga. Izi zimachepetsa mtengo wa mavenda m'malo obwereketsa ambiri chifukwa amatha kuthandiza makasitomala angapo nthawi imodzi ya pulogalamuyi.
Komano, zokonda zokhala m'modzi, zimapereka kuwongolera, kusintha makonda, ndi chitetezo chifukwa kasitomala aliyense ali ndi zida zake zodzipatulira ndipo zochita za kasitomala m'modzi sizikhudza zochita za ena.
Ubwino wa Multi-tenancy
- Kupulumutsa Mtengo: Chifukwa kupanga nyumba zambiri kumalola makasitomala ambiri kugawana zida zomwezo, ogulitsa mapulogalamu ndi makasitomala amatha kusunga ndalama.
- Kupititsa patsogolo Scalability: Multi-tenancy imalola opereka mapulogalamu kuti angokulitsa zida zawo kuti akwaniritse zofuna za makasitomala awo popanda kuyika zida zatsopano ndi mapulogalamu kwa kasitomala aliyense.
- Kuwonjezeka Kusinthasintha: Multi-tenancy imapatsa onse ogulitsa mapulogalamu ndi ogula ufulu wochulukirapo. Makasitomala amatha kusintha momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito ngati pakufunika, pomwe opanga mapulogalamu atha kupereka magawo osiyanasiyana azinthu ndi mitengo yamitengo.
- Chitetezo Chabwino: Chifukwa kubwereka nyumba zambiri kumalekanitsa deta ya wobwereketsa aliyense ndikulepheretsa anthu ena kuti apeze, chitetezo chimawonjezeka.
- Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zowonjezereka: Multi-tenancy imathandizira opanga mapulogalamu kuti azigwiritsa ntchito bwino zida zawo za Hardware, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito aziyenda bwino.
Njira za Multi-tenancy
Ma Database Osiyana
Wopanga nyumba aliyense ali ndi database yake pansi pa njira iyi. Ili ndiye yankho losavuta kwambiri ndipo limapereka magawano athunthu a data pakati pa alendi. Wopanga nyumba aliyense ali ndi mphamvu zowongolera pankhokwe yake ndipo akhoza kuyikonza momwe angafune.
Njira iyi, komabe, ikhoza kukhala yokwera mtengo chifukwa wobwereketsa aliyense amafunikira nkhokwe yake. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyang'anira ma database angapo kungakhale kovuta komanso kuwononga nthawi.
Nawo Database, Separate Schema
Onse omwe ali munjira iyi amagawana nkhokwe imodzi, koma wobwereketsa aliyense ali ndi schema yake mkati mwa nkhokweyo. Chifukwa obwereketsa onse amagawana gawo limodzi la database, njira iyi imagwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu.
Zimapangitsanso kasamalidwe ndi kukonza kukhala kosavuta chifukwa pali database imodzi yokha yosamalira.
Zitha kukhala zovuta kuyika chifukwa schema ya wobwereka aliyense iyenera kumangidwa mosamala ndikusamalidwa kuti zitsimikizike kuti pali kusiyana kokwanira. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwa zochitika zomwe obwereketsa amafanana nawo zomangamanga koma amafuna kulekanitsa deta.
Shared Database, Shared Schema
Onse omwe ali mumtunduwu amagawana database imodzi ndi schema imodzi mkati mwa databaseyo. Iyi ndiye njira yothandiza kwambiri chifukwa imangofunika chitsanzo chimodzi cha database ndi schema imodzi yoyendetsera.
Komabe, kukhalabe ndi tsankho lokwanira la data kwa obwereketsa kungakhale kovuta. Njirayi ndi yoyenera pazochitika zomwe obwereketsa ali ndi ma data ofanana ndipo safuna kuti adzipatula kwathunthu.
Malingaliro Osiyanasiyana a Multi-tenancy
Kupatula Kwa data
Kupatula kwa data ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga malo ambiri.
Kuti mupewe mwayi wosafunikira, deta ya mlendi aliyense iyenera kukhala yosiyana komanso yotetezedwa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zolekanitsa zomveka kapena zakuthupi monga nkhokwe zosiyanasiyana, schemas, kapena matebulo.
Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti deta yalekanitsidwa kuti muteteze zinsinsi ndi chitetezo cha data ya lendi aliyense.
Tenant Onboarding
Njira yokhazikitsira wobwereketsa watsopano ku dongosolo la anthu ambiri obwereketsa amatchedwa alenti onboarding. Njirayi iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti obwereketsa atsopano alowetsedwa bwino ndikupangitsa kusokoneza kochepa kwa omwe ali nawo panopa.
Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka zinthu zatsopano, kupanga maakaunti atsopano, ndikusintha malo omwe amakhala.
Njira yosavuta yoloweramo ingathandize kuchepetsa ndalama komanso kuwongolera kasamalidwe ka lendi.
Magwiridwe
Kubwereka nyumba zambiri kumatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito, makamaka ngati obwereketsa agawana zinthu monga mphamvu yopangira, kukumbukira, kapena kusunga. Chifukwa chaphokoso la oyandikana nawo, zochita za mlendi wina zitha kukhudza momwe alendi ena amagwirira ntchito.
Kugawa zinthu mosamala ndi kuyang'anira kungathandize kuchepetsa vutoli ndikutsimikizira kuti ntchito ya lendi aliyense siivulazidwa.
Zosintha
Kuthekera kwa wobwereketsa aliyense kuti asinthe malo ake kuti agwirizane ndi zomwe akufuna kumadziwika kuti makonda. Ngakhale kusintha makonda kumatha kukulitsa mtengo wa ma lendi ambiri kwa wobwereketsa aliyense, kutha kukwezanso zovuta pakuwongolera ndi mtengo.
Kukwaniritsa kulinganiza pakati pa makonda ndi kukhazikika kungathandize kuwonetsetsa kuti dongosololi ndi lokhazikika komanso losamaliridwa pomwe likukwaniritsa zofunikira za wobwereketsa aliyense.
Zitsanzo za Multi-tenancy
Public Cloud Multi-tenancy
Makasitomala omwe ali mumtambo wa anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida ndi ntchito kuti apange zomangamanga zoyenera kuchititsa bizinesi.
Chida chilichonse chamtambo kapena ntchito zimagawana ma hardware ndi maukonde, ndipo ngakhale njira iyi ikhoza kupatsa ogula zinthu zodzipatulira, ndizosiyana ndi lamulo.
Kuti akwaniritse ntchito zambiri, opereka mitambo pagulu amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo, kuphatikiza njira zotengera VM komanso zotengera.
Zida - VM ndi chidebe
Makina angapo owoneka bwino ndi zotengera zenizeni zitha kupangidwa ndikusungidwa pa seva imodzi pogwiritsa ntchito hardware virtualization, VM iliyonse imagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu kapena ntchito yoyendetsedwa ndi wokhudzidwa, dipatimenti, kapena kasitomala.
Hardware multi-tenancy ndiyofala mu deta yamakono malo ndi malo okhala, ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri pamakompyuta onse amtambo.
SaaS yokhala ndi malo ambiri
Chifukwa opereka mapulogalamu ngati ntchito (SaaS) nthawi zambiri amagawidwa ngati opereka mtambo, iyi ndi mtundu wamitundu yambiri yamtambo.
Mwachitsanzo, wopereka SaaS amatha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yake nthawi imodzi ya database ndikupereka mwayi kwa makasitomala angapo pa intaneti. Pachifukwa ichi, deta ya lendi aliyense imagawika komanso yosawoneka kwa ena obwereketsa.
Multi-tenancy imathanso kuyambitsidwa mumagulu amitundu yambiri monga SAP.
Private Cloud Multi-Tenancy
Multi-tenant mumtambo wachinsinsi. Mtambo wapayekha ndi wofanana ndi mtambo wapagulu potengera kuchuluka kwa malo okhala, koma mtambo wachinsinsi umaperekedwa kwa kampani imodzi kapena gulu, pomwe mtambo wapagulu umathandizira zosowa za makasitomala ambiri kapena mabungwe.
Serverless Multi-tenancy
Serverless computing ndi ntchito yamtambo yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito zochitika kuti zikhazikitse ndikuyendetsa nambala yamakasitomala musanachotse zida zomwe zidachitika.
Mapulogalamu ambiri amatha kugawana ntchito yomweyi, ndipo ntchitoyo imadzaza ndikugwira ntchito pazida zilizonse zogawana zomwe zilipo.
Kodi Zovuta zotheka ndi ziti?
Chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu ndikuthekera kwa kutayikira kwa data. Chifukwa ochita lendi angapo amagawana malo omwewo, vuto lachitetezo mu pulogalamu ya lendi imodzi likhoza kuyika deta ya anthu ena onse pachiwopsezo.
Kuyipa kwina ndikutheka kwaphokoso la oyandikana nawo, momwe chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito lendi chingawononge magwiridwe antchito a obwereketsa ena.
Komanso, zosintha ndi kuphatikiza zitha kukhala zovuta kuyika, ndipo obwereketsa ena angafunike masinthidwe kapena ma pulogalamu omwe sagwirizana ndi alendi ena.
Pomaliza, kubwereka nyumba zambiri sikungakhale koyenera pamapulogalamu ambiri, makamaka omwe amafunikira kuthamanga kwambiri kapena kulekanitsa deta movutikira.
Malangizo amtsogolo a Multi-tenancy mu Cloud-based Software
Tsogolo lanyumba zambiri likuwoneka lowala pomwe mapulogalamu opangidwa ndi mtambo akupitiliza kukula ndikusintha. Serverless computing, yomwe imalola kugawidwa kwazinthu zambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito, ikuchulukirachulukira.
Izi zitha kupititsa patsogolo kubwereka nyumba zambiri polola kudzipatula komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida. Ma Microservices ndi zotengera, zomwe zimapereka kusinthasintha komanso kusinthasintha, ndi njira ina yogwirira ntchito zambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuphunzira pamakina ndi matekinoloje anzeru zopangira kutha kupititsa patsogolo kugawa kwazinthu komanso magwiridwe antchito pamakina obwereketsa ambiri.
Potsirizira pake, tsogolo la anthu ogwira ntchito zambiri mu mapulogalamu opangidwa ndi mitambo lidzasintha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa teknoloji ndikusintha zofuna zamalonda.
Siyani Mumakonda