Zinthu zingapo zitha kuchitika pofuna kupititsa patsogolo zachinsinsi ndi chitetezo pazida za Android, ndipo zimagwira ntchito pama foni am'manja ndi mapiritsi ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito makina ogwiritsira ntchito mafoni a Google.
Nthawi yomweyo, m'dziko lomwe likuchulukirachulukira ziwopsezo zapaintaneti komanso makampani ochezera pa intaneti omwe amafunitsitsa kudziwa zambiri za ogwiritsa ntchito, pali anthu omwe amafunikira chitetezo chowonjezera kuti apewe ziwopsezo zalamulo ndi zosaloledwa kwa munthu wapa digito.
GrapheneOS ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito (OS) omwe amayenera kukopa makasitomala oterowo, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha umisiri wachinsinsi ndi chitetezo.
Pulogalamu yaulere komanso yotseguka ya GrapheneOS idapangidwa ndikuganizira zachinsinsi komanso chitetezo.
Imamangidwa pa nsanja ya Android ndipo idapangidwa ndi anthu ambiri omwewo omwe adagwira ntchito kuti Google ipange Android.
Zida zochepa zokha, makamaka mafoni a Google Pixel ndi Pixel XL, amathandizira GrapheneOS.
Mu positi iyi, tiyang'ana kwambiri Graphene OS yokha, mbiri yake, zabwino zake ndi zovuta zake, buku loyika, ndi zina zambiri.
Ndiye, ndi chiyani Graphene OS?
Android Chotsani Chotsegula (AOSP), kapena Android mu mtundu wake "wofunikira" kwambiri, ndiye maziko a GrapheneOS, makina otsegulira otsegula omwe adapangidwa mu 2014.
Lili ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zotetezera, kuphatikizapo zosunga zobwezeretsera, zosintha zachitetezo zomwe sizifuna kuti zitheke, komanso kuchepetsa Wifi ndi kugwirizana kwa Bluetooth pamene foni yamakono sikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zonsezi zimapangidwira kuti ziwonjezere zachinsinsi ndi chitetezo pamene mukusefa pa chipangizocho.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuti muchepetse mwayi wopezeka ndi data ndi zidziwitso za ogwiritsa ntchito, monga kutsata malo ndi zochitika, makinawa samaphatikizapo ntchito monga Google Play Store ndi mapulogalamu ena a Google.
Zipangizo zam'manja zoyendetsedwa ndi GrapheneOS sizigwiritsa ntchito Google Play Services monga momwe zimapangidwira ndi opanga ena, ngakhale zili ndi zomanga zofananira.
Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kugwiritsa ntchito chilichonse chomwe angasankhe chifukwa mafayilo amayikidwa mumtundu wa APK, malo ogulitsira ena amathandizidwa, ndipo ntchito zoyambira za Android zimakhala zofanana.
Pa Android, GrapheneOS imapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Google kwaulere. Kumbali yowala, imapereka chidziwitso choyera chifukwa ilibe mapulogalamu opanga kapena othandizira.
Podziwa kuti foni yanu sikhala yodzaza ndi zosafunikira, mudzakhala ndi mapulogalamu oyambira odzaza ndipo mudzatha kutsitsa chilichonse chomwe mungafune.
Monga njira yogwirira ntchito, GrapheneOS imagwira ntchito mofanana ndi MIUI ndi One UI. Ngakhale zili choncho, pali kusiyana kwakukulu kokongola ndi kutsata kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pakati pa Graphene ndi vanila Android.
Makina ogwiritsira ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito njira zochepetsera zofooka zamagulu onse ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kuukira magwero otchuka kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, makina a sandbox ogwiritsira ntchito alimbikitsidwa, omwe amalekanitsa zoyeserera zakuba.
Kodi Graphene OS idapangidwa bwanji ndipo chifukwa chiyani?
Kuyambira pakati pazaka khumi zapitazi, GrapheneOS yakhalapo. Mu 2014, dzina la domain Grapheneos.org lidalembetsedwa. The XDA Developers forum idaphatikizapo post mu 2016 yolengeza pulojekiti ya GrapheneOS.
Komabe, mutha kupezabe Wayback Machine kuti mupeze positi yolengeza. Daniel Micay, injiniya ndi wofufuza yemwe ali ndi chidziwitso chochuluka pazinsinsi zam'manja ndi chitetezo, ali ndi udindo.
Ntchito yomangayo inayamba ngati munthu payekha payekha. The Android Open Source Project anali maziko pomwe GrapheneOS, yomwe kale inkadziwika kuti CopperheadOS, inali kupangidwa (AOSP).
Cholinga cha pulojekitiyi chinali kumasulira kukhazikitsidwa kwa OpenBSD malloc ku Android's Bionic libc ndi zosintha za PaX kernel ku ma maso a chipangizocho.
Kunena mwachidule komanso momveka bwino, cholinga chake chinali kuthana ndi zolakwika zingapo mu Android OS panthawiyo. Koma monga pafupifupi pulojekiti iliyonse, kukula ndi kufalikira kunakula monga njira zatsopano zothetsera mavuto, kukonzanso, ndi zowonjezera zinaphatikizidwa.
Malinga ndi tsamba la GrapheneOS, panali mavuto angapo omwe amawayika ngati "chipatso chotsika," kapena mavuto omwe ndi osavuta kuthetsa. Komabe, sanali kuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga OS imodzi yokha yomwe imayang'anira chitetezo ndi zinsinsi.
Kumanga chinthu chomwe chinali kuyesera kutumikira wogwiritsa ntchito, mosiyana ndi njira ina, inali mfundo yaikulu ya polojekiti yonse.
Opanga mosakayikira adachita bwino chifukwa GrapheneOS ikadali yaulere komanso yodziyimira pawokha zaka zingapo pambuyo pake.
Kampani yachitukuko ya GrapheneOS inali ndi zochitika zina zosokoneza pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.
GrapheneOS pakali pano ikuvomereza zopereka, ili ndi akatswiri angapo odziwa ntchito omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse komanso anthawi yochepa, komanso ogwira nawo ntchito omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi. Zikafika pazachinsinsi komanso chitetezo, mukufuna kumva kuti sakhudzidwa ndi osunga ndalama kapena maphwando ena.
Mawonekedwe
Kuteteza ogula kuzomwe zimatchedwa kuti ziro-day chiwopsezo ndiye chofunikira kwambiri cha GrapheneOS.
Kuchepetsa kuwononga malo, kapena kuchotsedwa kwa ma code osafunikira a OS, kuphatikiza mapulogalamu omwe amamangidwira mkati ndi zinthu zomwe zingakhale zoopsa, ndizomwe GrapheneOS ikuwona ngati mzere woyamba wachitetezo pakuchita izi (zambiri pa izi pambuyo pake).
Zilolezo za Toggling Network ndi Sensor ndi zomwe GrapheneOS imapereka zomwe sizipezeka nthawi zambiri pa AOSP ROM.
Kuphatikiza apo, OS imakhala ndi maulumikizidwe amtundu uliwonse wa MAC, chinthu chomwe chimalepheretsa metadata kuti isaphatikizidwe pazithunzi, komanso mawonekedwe a LTE okha omwe amachepetsa kuwukira kwawayilesi yam'manja pochotsa ma code akale (2G, 3G) ndi kudula. kodi (5g).
Kuphatikiza apo, ngati chipangizo sichikulumikizidwa, Wi-Fi ndi Bluetooth zitha kukhazikitsidwa kuti zizizimitsa zokha.
Pakupanga chiwopsezo kukhala chovuta kupanga, ROM imayesetsanso kuletsa omwe akuukira kuti asatengerepo mwayi pa cholakwika.
Malinga ndi GrapheneOS, kuyesetsa kwakukulu kumaperekedwa pakupanga zilankhulo zotetezedwa kukumbukira ndi malaibulale, zida zowunikira komanso zowunikira, ndi zina zambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, GrapheneOS ili ndi Private Camera, pulogalamu ya kamera yomwe imatha kutsitsidwa kuchokera ku Sungani Play Google.
Idapangidwa ndi gulu la GrapheneOS (osagwiritsa ntchito kachidindo ka AOSP) ndipo imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri yowombera wamba kuphatikiza pazachinsinsi komanso chitetezo.
Itha kugwira ntchito popanda zilolezo za Network ndi Media/Storage, kusanthula ma QR okha, ndikuchotsa mwakufuna kwa EXIF metadata pazithunzi ndi makanema.
Vector ina yowukira yatsekedwa ndi gulu la GrapheneOS popanga sandbox, yotetezedwa pulogalamu yowerenga PDF.
Pulogalamu ya Auditor idapangidwa kuti ipereke umboni wozikidwa pa hardware wa kudalirika kwa firmware ndi mapulogalamu pazida.
Pomaliza, opanga GrapheneOS amakhulupirira mwamphamvu sandboxing pamilingo ingapo, kudzera muchitetezo cha kernel ndi zida zina zofunika za OS.
Izi zimaphatikizapo sandboxing mkati mwa codec inayake ya Android, pulogalamu, kapena mbiri ya ogwiritsa ntchito.
Zithunzi za GrapheneOS webusaiti ili ndi chidziwitso chowonjezera pa chilichonse mwa izi, ndipo mndandandawu suli wophatikiza.
ubwino
- Zapangidwa kuti zikhale zachinsinsi komanso chitetezo. Chifukwa imakhala yachinsinsi, GrapheneOS sichikhudzidwa ndi malonda akuluakulu kapena zochitika zina zomwe zingaike zofuna za wogwiritsa ntchito pachiwopsezo m'dzina la phindu, zosavuta, ndi zina zotero. Ngakhale Google (oyambitsa oyambirira a Android) si oipa kwambiri kampani m'lingaliro limenelo, pali madera ena odetsedwa momwe deta ya ogwiritsa ntchito imasamalidwa ndi nsikidzi zimakonzedwa.
- Zilolezo zonse zosasinthika za mapulogalamu ndizochepa. Pulogalamu iliyonse yomwe mungatsitse siyitha kupeza data yanu popanda chilolezo chanu. Palibe zoopsa zowonjezera kapena zopanda pake.
- Potengera AOSP, OS imasinthidwa modabwitsa. Palibe bloatware kapena zinthu zina zakunja zomwe obera angagwiritse ntchito motsutsana nanu. Mitundu ya Android yomwe muli nayo pama foni ena mwina ndi zikopa, zomwe ndizowonjezera zokongoletsa komanso zaukadaulo zomwe zimawononga zowonjezera ndipo sizimakometsedwa bwino, zimachotsa batire, kuchedwetsa mapurosesa, ndikusiya zokumbukira zocheperako.
- OS imapereka zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangidwira kukulitsa zinsinsi zanu. Izi zikuphatikiza kuzimitsa masensa, makamera, maikolofoni, ndi zida zina zomwe mukufuna. Ngakhale mapulogalamu ena amasiya zolakwika zomwe obera amatha kuwukira, ena amagwiritsa ntchito izi kujambula zambiri zamunthu. Izi zapita ndi GrapheneOS.
- Ndi mafoni a Pixel okha omwe ali ndi ma CPU apamwamba a Titan omwe amatha kuyendetsa. Chifukwa chakuti deta yonse ya ogwiritsa ntchito imabisidwa mwachisawawa, ngakhale ziwopsezo zapamwamba kwambiri ngati zankhanza siziwopsyeza. Makompyuta ndi zida zam'manja zokha zomwe zili ndi zida zoyenera zimatha kuyendetsa GrapheneOS. Makina ogwiritsira ntchito amasamalira mbali ya mapulogalamu, koma ayeneranso kugwirizanitsa ndi hardware yomwe ilipo.
kuipa
- Ndi mafoni a Google Pixel okha omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukhazikitsa GrapheneOS. Popeza si aliyense amene angakwanitse kugula foni ya Pixel, izi ndi zoletsa. osati chifukwa cha mtengo, komanso chifukwa cha zomwe amakonda. Ogwiritsa atha kukhala ofunitsitsa kuyesa ngati ikupezeka pamitundu yonse ya Android.
- Kukhazikitsa pang'onopang'ono ndipo kumafuna khama. Foni yam'manja ya Android imabwera yoyikiratu ndikukonzekera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikulowa ndikumaliza kuyika kowongoka. Ngakhale kukhazikitsa GrapheneOS sikutenga nthawi (kumangotenga mphindi 10), kumafunikabe kukonzekera ndipo mwina kuphwanya chitsimikizo chanu.
- Zina zomwe sizinatulutsidwe zikuphatikiza zina zomwe zikukonzedwa pano. Izi ziyenera kuyembekezera mukugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yatsopano, komabe ndikofunikira kuzindikira.
- Palibe gulu lalikulu lachitukuko. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, izi ndizovomerezeka komanso zovuta. Chifukwa cha kukula kwawo kochepa, gululi limatha kuyankha mofulumira, kusinthasintha, ndikupereka zatsopano ndi kukonza nkhani mofulumira kwambiri kuposa makampani akuluakulu monga Google kapena Samsung. Kumbali inayi, zikutanthawuzanso kuti alibe zida zomwezo kuti athe kuthana ndi zovuta zazikulu kapena kupanga zatsopano zomwe zimafanana mulingo. Koma gulu likudziwa izi ndipo limayika patsogolo kuya ndi khalidwe kuposa kuchuluka kwake. Pulogalamu yomwe imakwaniritsa chilichonse mwapadera ndi zotsatira zake.
Zipangizo zothandizidwa ndi Graphene OS
Zida zotsatirazi zimathandizidwa ndi GrapheneOS pakupanga:
- Pixel 6a (bluejay)
- Pixel 6 Pro (khwangwala)
- Pixel 6 (oriole)
- Pixel 5a (barbet)
- Pixel 5 (redfin)
- Pixel 4a (5G) (Bramble)
- Pixel 4a (sunfish)
- Pixel 4 XL (matanthwe)
- Pixel 4 (lawi)
Ngati muli ndi foni yamakono, muyenera kukhazikitsa GrapheneOS?
Kutengera kuti ndinu ndani, inde. Foni yam'manja yomwe imakhala yosavuta kuyang'aniridwa ingakhale yosangalatsa kwa anthu omwe amafunikira dongosolo lotetezeka kwambiri, ogwira ntchito ndi chidziwitso chodziwika bwino, kapena omwe ali ndi ndale (monga omenyera ufulu, opanga malamulo, kapena atolankhani).
Ngati akufuna, ogwiritsa ntchito odziwa zambiri komanso opanga mapulogalamu amathanso kufufuza. Komabe, anthu ambiri sangagwirizane ndi mawu amenewo.
Palibe kampani yayikulu yothandizira GrapheneOS, motero opanga atha kusiya ntchitoyi mosavuta, ndikukusiyirani foni yachikale ngakhale makinawo asinthidwa kwazaka zopitilira zitatu.
Ngati muli ndi foni ya Pixel ndipo simukugwirizana ndi momwe Google imakhalira, mungafune kuyesa GrapheneOS. Njira yabwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi ndikumamatira ndi makina akuluakulu opangira chifukwa sangawapweteketse mutu.
unsembe
Pali njira ziwiri zoyika zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi GrapheneOS. Buku lokhazikitsa mzere wamalamulo limapangidwira ogwiritsa ntchito apamwamba kwambiri, ngakhale oyika pa WebUSB amaperekedwa kwa anthu ambiri.
Amalangiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa njira zovomerezeka zoikidwiratu. Mabuku oyika a chipani chachitatu amatha kukhala ndi zidziwitso zakale, malangizo oyipa, ndi zolakwika.
ntchito zolemba ngati mukufuna njira yowonjezera yowonjezera.
Kutsiliza
Mwachidule, aliyense amene akufunafuna chitetezo komanso zinsinsi zambiri akhoza kuyesa Graphene OS.
Ndi njira yanzeru kwa anthu amene akufuna foni kuti ndi bwino wokometsedwa ndipo salola chatekinoloje kapena mabungwe ena kupindula ntchito zambiri zawo.
Ndipo omwe amapanga Graphene OS amaganiza kuti mafoni a Google Pixel ndi mafoni okhawo a Android omwe tsopano amapereka chitetezo chokwanira chomwe chingawongoleredwe ndi kuuma kwathu komanso mawonekedwe athu, Graphene OS imagwira ntchito pa mafoni a Pixel.
Imayang'ana kwambiri pakuwongolera mayankho a hardware ndi mapulogalamu, monga kusungidwa kwa data, kubisa kwa data, ndi zina.
Siyani Mumakonda