M'ndandanda wazopezekamo[Bisani][Show]
Kuphunzira Mwakuya (DL), kapena kutengera maukonde aubongo wamunthu, linali lingaliro longoyerekeza zaka makumi awiri zapitazo.
Posachedwa mpaka lero, ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi zovuta zenizeni padziko lapansi monga kumasulira mawu omvera kuchokera ku mawu kupita ku mawu komanso kukhazikitsa masomphenya osiyanasiyana apakompyuta.
The Attention process kapena Attention Model ndiye njira yoyambira yomwe imathandizira izi.
Kufufuza mwachidwi kumasonyeza zimenezo Kuphunzira Makina (ML), chomwe ndi chowonjezera cha Artificial Intelligence, ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka Deep Learning.
Polimbana ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi Natural Language Processing (NLP), monga mwachidule, kumvetsetsa, ndi kumaliza nkhani, Deep Learning Neural Networks amagwiritsa ntchito njira yowunikira.
Mu positi iyi, tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti njira yowunikira ndi chiyani, momwe njira yowunikira imagwirira ntchito mu DL ndi zinthu zina zofunika.
Kodi Attention Mechanism pakuphunzira mwakuya ndi chiyani?
Njira yowunikira pakuphunzirira mwakuya ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a neural network polola kuti chitsanzocho chiyang'ane kwambiri pazambiri zofunika kwambiri popanga zolosera.
Izi zimatheka ndi kuyeza zomwe zalowazo kuti chitsanzocho chiziyika patsogolo zinthu zina zolowa kuposa zina. Zotsatira zake, chitsanzocho chikhoza kupanga maulosi olondola kwambiri pongoganizira zokhazokha zofunikira kwambiri.
Njira yowunikira nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe monga kumasulira kwa makina, pomwe choyimiracho chiyenera kulabadira magawo osiyanasiyana a mawu olowetsamo kuti amvetsetse tanthauzo lake ndikumasulira koyenera.
Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito muzinthu zina kuphunzira kwakukulu ntchito, monga kuzindikira zithunzi, pomwe chitsanzocho chimatha kuphunzira kulabadira zinthu zina kapena mawonekedwe pazithunzi kuti apange maulosi olondola kwambiri.
Kodi Attention Mechanism imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Njira yowunikira ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito zitsanzo zakuya zophunzirira kuyeza mikhalidwe yolowera, kulola kuti chitsanzocho chiziyang'ana kwambiri pazigawo zofunika kwambiri zolowetsa pamene mukuzikonza. mawonekedwe oyambirira a mawonekedwe oyambirira a mawonekedwe oyambirira.
Nachi fanizo la momwe ntchito yosamalira chidwi imagwirira ntchito: Tangoganizani kuti mukupanga makina omasulira omwe amasintha mawu achingerezi kukhala Chifalansa. Mtunduwu umatenga mawu achingerezi ngati cholowa ndikutulutsa kumasulira kwachi French.
Mtunduwu umachita izi poyika koyamba mawu olowetsamo mu mndandanda wa ma vekta aatali okhazikika (omwe amatchedwanso "mawonekedwe" kapena "zoyika"). Chitsanzocho chimagwiritsa ntchito ma vectorwa kuti amange kumasulira kwa Chifalansa pogwiritsa ntchito decoder yomwe imapanga mawu angapo achi French.
Njira yowunikirayi imathandizira kuti chitsanzocho chikhazikike pazinthu zolondola za mawu olowetsa omwe ali ofunikira popanga mawu omwe alipo muzotsatira zotsatsira pagawo lililonse la njira yosinthira.
Mwachitsanzo, decoder ikhoza kuyang'ana pa mawu oyamba a mawu achingerezi kuti athandizire kusankha kumasulira koyenera pamene akufuna kupanga liwu loyamba lachi French.
Decoder imayang'anitsitsa magawo osiyanasiyana a mawu achingerezi pomwe ikupanga magawo otsala a zomasulira zachi French kuti zithandizire kumasulira kolondola kwambiri.
Mitundu yophunzirira mozama yokhala ndi chidwi imatha kuyang'ana kwambiri zomwe zalembedwazo pozikonza, zomwe zingathandize chitsanzocho kupanga maulosi olondola kwambiri.
Ndi njira yamphamvu yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mawu ofotokozera zithunzi, kuzindikira mawu, ndi kumasulira kwamakina.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Attention Mechanism
Njira zowunikira zimasiyana malinga ndi malo omwe njira kapena chitsanzo china chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Madera kapena magawo ofunikira a ndondomeko yolowera yomwe chitsanzocho chimayang'ana ndikuyang'ana ndi mfundo zina zosiyanitsira.
Zotsatirazi ndi mitundu ingapo ya njira zowunikira:
Chisamaliro Chokhazikika
Generalized Attention ndi mtundu wa neural network kamangidwe kamene kamalola kuti chitsanzocho chisankhe kuyang'ana mbali zosiyanasiyana za kulowetsamo, monga momwe anthu amachitira ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana m'madera awo.
Izi zitha kuthandiza pakuzindikiritsa zithunzi, kukonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe, komanso kumasulira kwamakina, pakati pazinthu zina. Netiweki muzachitsanzo chodziwika bwino imaphunzira kusankha okha magawo omwe ali ofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito yomwe wapatsidwa ndikuyika zida zake zamakompyuta pazigawozo.
Izi zitha kupititsa patsogolo luso lachitsanzo ndi kulola kuti lizigwira bwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana.
Kudzisamalira
Kudzisamalira komwe nthawi zina kumadziwika kuti intra-attention, ndi njira yachidwi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yama neural network. Zimapangitsa chitsanzo kuti chiziyang'ana mwachibadwa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zazomwe zimapangidwira popanda kufunikira kuyang'anira kapena zolowetsa kunja.
Kwa ntchito monga kukonza chilankhulo chachilengedwe, pomwe choyimiracho chikuyenera kumvetsetsa kulumikizana pakati pa mawu osiyanasiyana m'mawu kuti apange zotsatira zolondola, izi zitha kukhala zothandiza.
Podzisamalira, chitsanzocho chimatsimikizira momwe ma vectors olowera akufanana mofanana ndi wina ndi mzake ndiyeno amalemera zopereka za vector iliyonse ku zotsatira zake malinga ndi kufanana kumeneku.
Izi zimathandiza kuti chitsanzochi chizitha kuyang'ana mbali zonse zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri popanda kufunikira koyang'anira kunja.
Kusamala kwamamutu ambiri
Kusamala kwamamutu ambiri ndi njira yowunikira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu ina ya neural network. Kugwiritsa ntchito "mitu" yambiri kapena njira zowunikira, kumathandizira kuti chithunzicho chiziyang'ana mbali zingapo za chidziwitso chake nthawi imodzi.
Izi ndizopindulitsa pa ntchito monga kukonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe pomwe chitsanzocho chiyenera kumvetsetsa kulumikizana pakati pa mawu osiyanasiyana m'mawu.
Chitsanzo choyang'ana mitu yambiri chimasintha zolowetsazo kukhala malo ambiri owonetserako asanagwiritse ntchito njira yowonetsera chidwi pa malo aliwonse oyimira.
Zotsatira za njira iliyonse yowunikira zimaphatikizidwa, zomwe zimalola kuti chitsanzocho chizitha kusanthula zambiri kuchokera pamawonedwe ambiri. Izi zitha kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito pamitundu ingapo ndikupangitsanso mtundu kukhala wokhazikika komanso wogwira mtima.
Kodi Attention Mechanism imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji m'moyo weniweni?
Njira zowunikira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zenizeni zenizeni, kuphatikiza kukonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe, kuzindikira zithunzi, ndi kumasulira kwamakina.
Njira zachidziwitso pakukonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe zimalola chitsanzocho kuyang'ana pa mawu apadera mu liwu ndi kuzindikira maulalo awo. Izi zitha kukhala zopindulitsa pantchito monga kumasulira chilankhulo, chidule cha mawu, ndi kusanthula malingaliro.
Njira zachidziwitso pakuzindikiritsa zithunzi zimalola chitsanzocho kuyang'ana pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana pa chithunzi ndi kumvetsa maubwenzi awo. Izi zitha kuthandiza ndi ntchito monga kuzindikira zinthu ndi mawu ofotokozera zithunzi.
Njira zachidziwitso pakumasulira kwamakina zimalola kuti chojambulacho chiziyang'ana kwambiri pazigawo zosiyanasiyana za chiganizo ndi kupanga chiganizo chomasuliridwa chomwe chimagwirizana bwino ndi tanthauzo lapachiyambi.
Ponseponse, njira zowonetsetsa zitha kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito a neural network pamitundu yambiri yantchito ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri pazogwiritsa ntchito zenizeni zenizeni.
Ubwino Wachidziwitso Chake
Pali maubwino osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito njira zowunikira mumitundu yama neural network. Chimodzi mwazabwino zake ndikuti amatha kulimbikitsa magwiridwe antchito amitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Njira zachidziwitso zimathandiza kuti chitsanzocho chizitha kuyang'ana mbali zosiyanasiyana za zomwe zalowetsedwa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zimvetse bwino maulalo pakati pa mbali zosiyanasiyana za zomwe alowetsamo ndikupanga maulosi olondola.
Izi ndizopindulitsa makamaka pamagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chilankhulo chachilengedwe komanso chizindikiritso chazithunzi, pomwe choyimiracho chiyenera kumvetsetsa kulumikizana pakati pa mawu osiyana kapena zinthu zomwe zikulowetsamo.
Ubwino wina wamakina owonetsetsa ndikuti amatha kupititsa patsogolo luso lachitsanzo. Njira zachidziwitso zimatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mawerengedwe omwe chitsanzocho chikuyenera kuchita pochilola kuti chiyang'ane pamagulu oyenerera kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yogwira mtima komanso yothamanga kwambiri.
Izi ndizopindulitsa makamaka ku ntchito zomwe mtunduwo uyenera kukonza kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa data yolowa, monga kumasulira kwamakina kapena kuzindikira zithunzi.
Pomaliza, njira zowunikira zimatha kutanthauzira komanso kumvetsetsa kwamitundu yama neural network.
Njira zowunikira, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chitsanzocho chiziyang'ana mbali zosiyanasiyana za zolowetsa, zingapereke chidziwitso cha momwe chitsanzocho chimapangira kulosera, chomwe chingakhale chothandiza kumvetsetsa khalidwe lachitsanzo ndi kuwongolera momwe amachitira.
Ponseponse, njira zowunikira zimatha kubweretsa zabwino zingapo ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri pamitundu yambiri ya neural network.
Zochepa za Njira Yoyang'anira
Ngakhale njira zowunikira zitha kukhala zopindulitsa kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo mumitundu yama neural network kumakhala ndi malire angapo. Chimodzi mwazovuta zake zazikulu ndikuti atha kukhala ovuta kuwaphunzitsa.
Njira zachidziwitso nthawi zambiri zimafuna kuti chitsanzocho chiphunzire kulumikizana movutikira pakati pa magawo osiyanasiyana a zolowetsa, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kuti chitsanzocho chiphunzire.
Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti mafanizo ophunzitsidwa bwino akhale ovuta ndipo angafunike kugwiritsa ntchito njira zovuta kukhathamiritsa ndi njira zina.
Kuipa kwina kwa njira za chidwi ndizovuta zawo zowerengera. Chifukwa njira zachidziwitso zimafunikira chitsanzo kuti ziwerengetse kufanana pakati pa zinthu zosiyana zolowa, zikhoza kukhala zochulukira, makamaka pazolowetsa zazikulu.
Zitsanzo zokhazikitsidwa ndi chidwi zitha kukhala zocheperako komanso zochedwetsa kugwira ntchito poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yamitundu chifukwa chake, zomwe zitha kukhala zovuta m'mapulogalamu ena.
Pomaliza, njira zowunikira zimatha kukhala zovuta kuzimvetsa ndikumvetsetsa. Zitha kukhala zovuta kumvetsetsa momwe mtundu wotengera chidwi umaneneratu chifukwa umakhudza kuyanjana pakati pa magawo osiyanasiyana azolowera.
Izi zitha kupangitsa kukonza zolakwika ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito amitundu iyi kukhala kovuta, komwe kumatha kukhala koyipa m'mapulogalamu ena.
Ponseponse, ngakhale njira zowunikira zimapereka zabwino zambiri, zilinso ndi malire omwe ayenera kuwongolera musanawagwiritse ntchito mwanjira inayake.
Kutsiliza
Pomaliza, njira zowunikira ndi njira yamphamvu yolimbikitsira magwiridwe antchito a neural network.
Amapereka chitsanzo kuti chizitha kuyang'ana kwambiri pazigawo zosiyanasiyana zolowetsa, zomwe zingathandize chitsanzocho kumvetsetsa kugwirizana pakati pa zigawo zomwezo ndi kupanga maulosi olondola kwambiri.
Ntchito zambiri, kuphatikiza kumasulira kwamakina, kuzindikira zithunzi, ndi kukonza zilankhulo zachilengedwe, zimadalira kwambiri njira zamaganizidwe.
Komabe, pali zoletsa zina pazachidwi, monga kuvutikira kwa maphunziro, kuchuluka kwa ma computational, ndi zovuta kutanthauzira.
Poganizira za kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowunikira mu ntchito inayake, zoletsa izi ziyenera kutsatiridwa.
Ponseponse, njira zowunikira ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuphunzirira mwakuya, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito amitundu yambiri yama neural network.
Siyani Mumakonda