Teburin Abubuwan Ciki[Boye][Nuna]
- 1. Superintelligence: Hanyoyi, Hatsari, Dabarun Nick Bostrom
- 2. Hankali na Artificial: Hanyar Zamani ta Peter Norvig da Stuart Russell
- 3. T-Minus AI: Ƙididdigar ɗan Adam zuwa Hankali na Artificial da Sabon Neman Ƙarfin Duniya na Michael Kanaan
- 4. Babban Algorithm na Pedro Domingos
- 5. Koyon Injin Hannu tare da Scikit-Learn, Keras, da TensorFlow na Aurélien Géron
- 6. Neman Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Nils J. Nilsson
- 7. Godel, Escher, Bach na Douglas Hofstadter
- 8. Zurfin Koyo daga Ian Goodfellow
- 9. Jeopardy na Ƙarshe: Labarin Watson, Kwamfuta da za ta canza Duniya ta Stephen Baker
- 10. Injin Motsa jiki: Tunani na yau da kullun, Ilimin Artificial, da Makomar Hankalin Dan Adam na Marvin Minsky
- 11. Rayuwa 3.0: Kasancewa Mutum a Zamanin Ilimin Artificial ta Max Tegmark
- 12. Makamai na lalata Math ta Cathy O'Neil
- 13. Idan Sannan: Yadda Kamfanin Simulmatics ya Ƙirƙirar Gaba ta Jill Lepore
- 14. Annotated Turing na Charles Petzold
- 15. Matsalar daidaitawa: Koyon Injin da Ƙimar Dan Adam ta Brian Christian
- 16. Magana da Gudanar da Harshe na Daniel Jurafsky da James Martin
- 17. Shin Androids Suna Mafarkin Tumaki Lantarki? da Philip K. Dick
- 18. Zamanin Diamond na Neal Stephenson
- 19. Avogadro Corp: Singularity ya fi kusanci fiye da yadda William Hertling ya bayyana.
- 20. I, Robot ta Isaac Asimov
- Kammalawa
Ya zama da sauƙi don sa injuna suyi aiki da hankali.
Misali, algorithms na kafofin watsa labarun da alama sun san ku fiye da abokanka da dangin ku. Injin yanzu suna maye gurbin ma'aikata masu karamin karfi.
Bugu da kari, yana da wuya a iya gane rubutun da aka samar da kwamfuta daga na ɗan adam. AI da sauri yana zama a ko'ina.
Wannan labarin ya bincika manyan littattafai ashirin game da basirar wucin gadi da za ku iya karantawa.
Waɗannan ayyukan sun fito ne daga litattafai waɗanda suka tsara fahimtar jama'a na AI zuwa cikakkun jagorori don fahimtar ra'ayoyin ginshiƙan filin.
Wasu daga cikin waɗannan littattafan tarihi ne. Waɗannan littattafan sun bayyana yadda injiniyoyi na farko da masana kimiyyar kwamfuta suka gina tsarin fasaha na majagaba.
Sauran littattafai game da basirar wucin gadi a kan wannan jeri sun bincika falsafa da xa'a na fasaha.
Ci gaba da karantawa don nemo mafi kyawun littattafan da za su gamsar da sha'awar ku game da AI.
1. Superintelligence: Hanyoyi, Hatsari, Dabarun Nick Bostrom
Nick Bostrom wani masanin falsafa ne haifaffen kasar Sweden wanda aka sani da aikinsa kan kasadar sanin yakamata. A halin yanzu Farfesa ne a Jami'ar Oxford a matsayin darektan Cibiyar Future of Humanity.
Littafinsa Superintelligence yunƙuri ne mai ban sha'awa na gabatar da yanayin AI. Yana magance batutuwa kamar su maganganun maganganu, haɗakar kayan aiki, haƙƙin gama kai, da laifukan tunani.
Bostrom yayi la'akari ko zai yiwu a tsara AI wanda ba zai taɓa kasancewa daga ikonmu ba.
Idan kuna son ƙarin sani game da batutuwan da AI ke gabatarwa a nan gaba, wannan littafin tabbas wuri ne mai kyau don farawa.
2. Hankali na Artificial: Hanyar Zamani ta Peter Norvig da Stuart Russell
Wannan littafin koyarwa cikakkiyar gabatarwa ce ga ka'ida da kuma amfani da hankali na wucin gadi. Ana amfani da shi azaman littafin karatu don karatun digiri na farko ko na matakin digiri.
Ya ƙunshi batutuwa iri-iri, gami da koyan na'ura, koyo mai zurfi, na'ura mai kwakwalwa, sarrafa harshe na halitta, da shirye-shirye masu yiwuwa.
Yana da girman gaske, yana dacewa da batutuwa da dama a cikin shafuka sama da 1100.
Idan kuna tunanin neman kwas ɗin da ke da kyau tare da wannan littafin, zaku iya dubawa UC Berkeley's CS188 hanya.
3. T-Minus AI: Ƙididdigar ɗan Adam zuwa Hankali na Artificial da Sabon Neman Ƙarfin Duniya na Michael Kanaan
T-Minus AI yana bincika duniyar AI ta hanyar hangen nesa na ɗan adam. Kanaan yana duba abubuwan da AI ke haifarwa a duniya ta hanyar al'amuran al'adu da na ƙasa na yanzu.
Ya ba da misali da kasar Sin ta yin amfani da AI don cika tasirin ikonta. Ya kalli yadda Rasha ta fara amfani da AI tare da sojojinta.
Marubucin Michael Kanaan ya bayyana ra'ayinsa a matsayinsa na sanannen kwararre kuma shugaban Rundunar Sojan Sama na Amurka don Leken asirin Artificial.
T-Minus AI shine dole-karanta kira-zuwa-makamai wanda ke ilmantar da ku akan ikon geopolitical AI yana da.
4. Babban Algorithm na Pedro Domingos
Koyon na'ura yana canza duniya, amma fasalolin sa na fasaha galibi suna mamaye hazakar tunanin da ke bayan lissafi. Algorithm na Jagora tafiya ce mai nishadantarwa, mai sauƙin karantawa ta hanyar dabarun koyon injin.
Pedro Domingos farfesa ne a fannin kimiyyar kwamfuta a Jami'ar Washington kuma shi ne wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta SIGKDD Innovation Award, daya daga cikin mafi girman kyaututtuka a kimiyyar bayanai.
Ya ba da ƙwarensa don ƙirƙirar jagora mai ba da labari kan fasahohin da ke ƙarfafa ƙwararrun masu fasaha kamar Google da Amazon.
Babban sanannen Algorithm na Jagora yana nufin mai koyo na duniya na gaba, wanda Domingos ya yi hasashen zai canza al'ummarmu ta asali.
5. Koyon Injin Hannu tare da Scikit-Learn, Keras, da TensorFlow na Aurélien Géron
Idan kun fi son jagora mai fa'ida cikin Ilimin Artificial Intelligence, wannan littafin na ku ne. Mawallafin Geron zai taimaka muku samun kyakkyawar fahimtar gina tsarin fasaha.
Python a halin yanzu shine yaren shirye-shirye mafi shahara a ciki injin inji da kimiyyar bayanai.
Hands-on Machine Learning yana ba da umarni kan yadda ake amfani da tsarin Python da Python kamar Scikit-Koyi da kuma TensorFlow don taimaka muku ginawa da horar da naku gidajen yanar gizo.
Wannan littafin na mutanen da ke da fasahar fasaha waɗanda ke son nutsewa cikin zurfin koyo.
Wannan littafin yana ɗauka cewa kuna da ƙwarewar shirye-shiryen Python kuma kun saba da ɗakunan karatu kamar Pandas da NumPy.
Har yanzu, yana ɗauka cewa ba ku san kome ba game da koyon injin. Akwai darasi da za ku yi a kowane babi don taimaka muku aiwatar da abin da kuka koya.
6. Neman Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Nils J. Nilsson
Nils Nilsson yana ba da tabbataccen tarihin AI da yadda fannin AI ya samo asali don magance matsalolin ɗan adam.
Yana farawa ta hanyar bayyana burin masu tunani na majagaba daga karni na 18 kuma ya ƙare da hangen yadda injiniyoyin AI na yau suke aiki a halin yanzu.
Yana cike da misalai waɗanda zasu iya taimaka muku fahimtar yadda tsarin AI ke aiki a zahiri. Idan kuna neman bayanin tarihi ko tarihin juyin halittar Hannun Hannu, wannan littafin cikakken jagora ne.
Nilsson ya cancanci musamman ya zama masanin tarihi a cikin wannan aikin, kasancewar ya kasance "uban kafa" mai binciken AI tun shekarun 1960.
7. Godel, Escher, Bach na Douglas Hofstadter
Hofstadter yana bincika yanayin karkatar da hankali na kaddarorin masu tasowa ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na lissafi, kiɗa, da fasaha.
Ta hanyar amfani da ruɗi da lissafi na kai-da-kai, GEB yayi ƙoƙarin kusanci da bakon sani da kuma yadda za a iya bayyana wani abu mai ban mamaki a ka'idar.
An ba da shawarar wannan littafin ga waɗanda ke cikin ilimin lissafi da ka'idar kiɗa.
Matsaloli masu rikitarwa da aka gabatar a cikin littafin na iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci don fahimta amma suna da kyan gani a cikin tattaunawa iri-iri iri-iri kamar hankali, rikitarwa, da hankali.
8. Zurfin Koyo daga Ian Goodfellow
Wannan littafin karatu na Ian Goodfellow zai ba ku kyakkyawan ilimin lissafi da ra'ayi na batutuwan da suka dace zurfin ilmantarwa. Yana magance algebra na layi, ka'idar bayanai, da injin inji ra'ayoyi.
Daga baya a cikin littafin, Goodfellow ya bayyana iri-iri zurfin ilmantarwa fasahohin da ake amfani da su a cikin masana'antu, gami da hanyoyin sadarwa na juyin juya hali, hanyoyin sadarwa mai zurfi, da ƙirar ƙira.
Saboda yawan batutuwan da wannan littafin ya kunsa, tabbas yana da kyakkyawan tunani ga mutanen da suka riga sun shiga zurfin ilmantarwa.
Koyo mai zurfi tabbas zai zama da amfani ga ɗaliban da ke shirin ƙarin koyo game da DL da injiniyoyin software waɗanda ke shirin aiwatar da fasahar koyo mai zurfi cikin ayyukansu.
9. Jeopardy na Ƙarshe: Labarin Watson, Kwamfuta da za ta canza Duniya ta Stephen Baker
Final Jeopardy tafiya ce mai shiga cikin yadda IBM tayi amfani da ci-gaba AI don ƙirƙirar mafi kyawun ɗan takarar Jeopardy a duniya.
Ya bincika labarin da ke bayan Watson AI da kuma yadda ya zama wani ɓangare na shahararren wasan kwaikwayo na duniya.
Muna bin ƙungiyar IBM Watson yayin da suke aiki tare da ƙayyadaddun kasafin kuɗi da kuma gabatowa lokacin ƙarshe don samar da babban kwamfuta wanda zai iya ƙwace ilimin duniya a cikin daƙiƙa guda.
Daga baya Baker ya faɗaɗa yadda nasarar Watson zai iya canza fagagen magani, doka, da kuma kimiyya kanta. Littafin nasa wani bincike ne mai ban sha'awa na yadda hankali na wucin gadi zai iya doke mutane a wasansu.
Idan kuna da sha'awar abubuwan da ba su da mahimmanci, harshe, da al'adun pop, tabbas wannan littafin zai zama abin jin daɗin karanta muku.
10. Injin Motsa jiki: Tunani na yau da kullun, Ilimin Artificial, da Makomar Hankalin Dan Adam na Marvin Minsky
Marvin Minsky yana ba da sabon salo mai ban sha'awa na yadda hankalinmu ke aiki. Ya nuna yadda hankali zai iya tasowa daga tunanin tunani masu sauki zuwa zama hadadden sanin kai.
Daga baya ya haɗu da bincikensa tare da hankali na wucin gadi, yana yin shari'ar cewa AI ma yana iya samun damar cimma hankali.
Injin Ƙaunar Ƙaunataccen kallo ne mai sauƙi kuma mai ba da labari a cikin tsarin ka'idar Minsky don basirar ɗan adam da motsin rai. Tabbas dole ne a karanta ga duk wanda ke sha'awar AI da ilimin halin ɗan adam.
11. Rayuwa 3.0: Kasancewa Mutum a Zamanin Ilimin Artificial ta Max Tegmark
Max Tegmark farfesa ne na MIT wanda ke son yin rubutu game da AI mai hankali. Littafinsa Life 3.0 yana nuna mana hangen nesa na gaba tare da AI da kuma yadda rayuwarmu za ta canza.
Wannan littafi game da basirar wucin gadi jagora ne mai tunani game da yadda za mu iya ɗaukar matakai don ƙirƙirar kyakkyawar makoma tare da AI.
Shin gaba zai zama utopian ko dystopian a yanayi?
Tegmark yana ba da damar makoma masu yawa ga mai karatu kuma yana tambayar su su yanke shawarar kansu.
A ƙarshe, Rayuwa 3.0 babban bincike ne na al'umma na yadda makomarmu ta dogara kan yadda muke haɓaka AI.
12. Makamai na lalata Math ta Cathy O'Neil
Muna rayuwa a cikin shekarun algorithms. Cathy O'Neil ta fallasa batutuwan da ke bayan wannan gaskiyar kuma ta nuna duhun Babban Data.
O'Neil yana nuna yawan ƙarfin waɗannan abin da ake kira bakaken kwalaye suna da a cikin al'ummarmu da kuma yadda yake karfafa wariya. Makamai na lalata lissafi yana kira don ƙarin nauyi da tsari akan waɗannan algorithms.
Idan kuna sha'awar la'akari da ɗabi'a a cikin amfani da AI don yanke shawara na siyasa, sake dawowa, masu jefa ƙuri'a, da ƙari, wannan littafin gabatarwa ne mai isa ga lamuran da ke kewaye da AI da al'umma.
13. Idan Sannan: Yadda Kamfanin Simulmatics ya Ƙirƙirar Gaba ta Jill Lepore
Kafin Facebook, Google da Amazon, akwai Kamfanin Simulmatics. An kafa shi a cikin 1959, wannan kamfani yana da niyyar ƙirƙirar samfuran kwamfuta na ƴan ƙasa don taimakawa 'yan takara su ci zaɓe ko sarrafa halayen saye.
Simulmatics sun haɗa da abokan ciniki kamar John F. Kennedy, New York Times, da manyan masana'antun daban-daban. Idan Sa'an nan kuma akwai tatsuniya na taka tsantsan game da hatsarori na kafa sabuwar masana'anta- masana'antar da aka ƙera don tattarawa, ƙira, da hasashen halayen mutane a duk faɗin duniya.
Idan kuna son ƙarin sani game da yadda Babban Tattalin Arzikin Bayanai ya fara, wannan littafin zai taimaka muku fahimtar ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fara fara haɗawa da kwamfuta, siyasa, da ilimin halayyar ɗabi'a.
14. Annotated Turing na Charles Petzold
An ce Alan Turing shi ne wanda ya kafa basirar wucin gadi.
Kafin ma kwamfutoci su wanzu, Turing ya binciko abin da ake nufi da wani abu da za a iya ƙididdige shi kuma ya yi tambaya, "Shin inji na iya tunani?".
A cikin wannan littafi, Charles Petzold yayi karin bayani akan takarda mai shafi 36 na Turing, yana baiwa mai karatu karin mahallin fahimtar aikinsa.
Tare da wannan bita, Petzols ya nutse cikin tarihin rayuwar Turing: shekarunsa a cikin ilimin kimiyya, yadda ƙoƙarin fasa lambobi a WWII, da tuhumarsa da rashin adalci a matsayin ɗan kishili.
Kada ku rasa wannan littafi idan kun kasance babban mai sha'awar tarihin kwamfuta kuma kuna son ƙarin sani game da haihuwar basirar wucin gadi.
15. Matsalar daidaitawa: Koyon Injin da Ƙimar Dan Adam ta Brian Christian
Marubucin mafi kyawun siyarwa Brian Christian yayi magana akan abin da ake kira "matsalar daidaitawa": inda injinan da muka amince da su ke kawo illa fiye da mai kyau. Algorithms suna maye gurbin hukuncin ɗan adam a hankali.
Motoci masu zaman kansu yanzu suna birgima, suna raba hanya tare da mutane. Ana aiwatar da algorithms a gidajen yari, asibitoci, da hukumomi don yanke shawara.
Kirista yana lissafin abin da mutane ke yi don hana AI daga ci gaba da nuna bambanci da wariya. Wannan littafin ya bazu fagage da yawa kuma tabbas zai ɗauki sha'awar masu binciken AI, masana shari'a, da masu kasuwanci iri ɗaya.
Idan kuna sha'awar yadda umarnin da mara kyau zai iya haifar da bala'i, ɗauki kwafin ku a yau!
16. Magana da Gudanar da Harshe na Daniel Jurafsky da James Martin
Sarrafa harshe na yanayi batu ne mai zafi a fagen AI. A kwanakin nan, ƙarin algorithms da software suna dogara daidai gwargwado daga rubutu da magana. Idan kuna son ci gaba a wannan fagen, kuna buƙatar ingantaccen tushe.
Gudanar da Magana da Harshe yana da duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da fasahar harshe.
Marubutan suna ɗaukar hanya mai ma'ana game da batun. Marubutan sun shafi fitar da bayanai, fahimtar magana, haɗa magana, da ƙirar harshe, da sauransu.
Mafi mahimmanci, Jurafksy da Martin suna ba da ɗimbin batutuwan da suka shafi ilimin harshe na lissafi, waɗanda ke cike gibin da ke tsakanin harshe da kimiyyar kwamfuta.
Idan kuna sha'awar fannin software na harshe na halitta, wannan shine littafin a gare ku.
Wannan littafi ya ƙunshi batutuwa masu yawa a cikin babi ashirin da biyar kuma yana fasalta littafin littafi mai shafuka hamsin tare da albarkatun waɗanda za su yi amfani ga kowane masanin harshe ko injiniyan NLP.
17. Shin Androids Suna Mafarkin Tumaki Lantarki? da Philip K. Dick
Ko da yake galibi an san shi da wahayi na Blade Runner, wannan labari almara ne na almara na kimiyya!
Ya biyo bayan labarin dystopian na gaba wanda ke ba da haske kan tasirin falsafa na ƙirƙirar androids.
Babban jarumin, Rick Deckard, mafarauci ne mai farauta wanda ke farautar sabbin tsararru na kusan androids irin na mutane. A lokacin bincikensa, ya gane cewa yana tausaya wa waɗannan androids kuma yana gwagwarmaya don kammala aikin.
Philip K. Dick yana ba da labari mai ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa game da tausayawa da kuma yadda kama hankalin ɗan adam na iya nufin kama ɓarnar ɓarna na ɗan adam ma.
Wannan littafin dole ne a karanta shi ga masu sha'awar ilimin kimiyya, musamman ma idan kuna iya sarrafa jigogi masu duhu waɗanda aka kawo a cikin wannan labari.
18. Zamanin Diamond na Neal Stephenson
Wannan labari na almara ya biyo bayan injiniyan nanotech wanda ya saci na'urar kwamfuta mai girma da aka sani da "A Young Lady's Illustrated Primer" ga 'yarta.
Abin takaici, kwafin da aka yi fasakwaurin ya fada cikin wata yarinya mara galihu.
Zamanin Diamond yana nuna zurfin gwanintar Stephenson a matsayin marubuci kuma yana nuna sha'awarsa ga tarihi da na gaba. Haɗin kai tare da makircin littafin shine sukar hankali na wucin gadi kamar yadda zai yiwu.
Duniyar The Diamond Age tana nufin AI a matsayin "hankali na yaudara", yana yin izgili da gazawar injina don kwafi hankalin mutum na gaske. A cikin littafin labari, mutane da ake kira "masu wasan kwaikwayo", maimakon AI, suna hulɗa da mutane a cikin yanayin VR.
Ya nuna cewa akwai wani abu da ya ɓace a cikin injin da zai hana ta maye gurbin ɗan adam.
19. Avogadro Corp: Singularity ya fi kusanci fiye da yadda William Hertling ya bayyana.
Avogadro Corp wani labari ne na almarar kimiyya wanda ke ba da labari game da yadda AI zai iya tasowa daga fasaha wanda ya zama ruwan dare a yau.
Ya biyo bayan David Ryan, wanda ya tsara tsarin ELOPe wanda ke da nufin inganta rubutun imel. David da gangan ya haifar da kofa ga tsarin ELOPe don yin duk abin da yake so.
Ƙungiyarsa ta gane cewa sun ƙirƙiri wani tsari wanda zai iya jefa ƙungiyarsu duka cikin haɗari.
Labari ne mai ban tsoro wanda ke nuna yadda zai yiwu AI ta yi amfani da ainihin mutane wajen yin abin da ya bayar. Idan kun kasance cikin litattafai masu tushe a zahiri kuma kuna karantawa masu ban sha'awa, wannan littafin na ku ne!
20. I, Robot ta Isaac Asimov
I, Robot tarin ɗan gajeren labari ne na marubucin almarar kimiyya Isaac Asimov. Asimov ya nuna labarai daban-daban guda tara waɗanda ke magance abubuwan ɗabi'a na mutum-kamar AI.
An fara buga waɗannan labarun a cikin mujallun almara na kimiyya a cikin 1940s. Ƙaddamar da Asimov a kan la'akari da ɗabi'a na AI ya zama babban tasiri a fagen ilimin kimiyya.
Dokokin Asimov guda uku na Robotics an bayyana su a cikin wannan tarin kuma suna samar da jigon haɗin kai don aikin. Wannan jagorar a kan tabbatar da cewa mutummutumi ya ci gaba da kasancewa "da'a" batu ne har zuwa yanzu.
A halin yanzu, masu fafutuka da injiniyoyi iri ɗaya suna ci gaba da tattaunawa kan abubuwan da ke tattare da shirye-shiryen ɗabi'a.
Kammalawa
Hankali na wucin gadi fage ne mai fa'ida wanda zai iya sa ku shagaltuwa.
Yana da kyau a yi la'akari da yawancin batutuwa da ƙwarewa don ganin abin da ya fi sha'awar ku.
Da fatan, wannan jerin mafi kyawun litattafai 20 game da hankali na wucin gadi yana aiki azaman kyakkyawan matakin tsalle don tafiyar karatun ku ta hanyar AI.
Shin akwai wasu littattafai game da basirar wucin gadi da muka rasa?
Bari mu san abin da kuke tunani.
Erika Madajova
Za ku iya ba da shawarar irin wannan littafi game da IA a cikin Slovak ko Czech?
Don ɗana a matsayi mafi girma a matsayin adabi don littafinsa na shekara.
To na gode
A mataki na biyu na ZS… Ina gyarawa ????