I-ChatGPT iyimodeli yolimi yobuhlakani bokwenziwa emangalisayo. Sonke siyisebenzisela ukusisiza emisebenzini eyahlukene.
Wake wazibuza ukuthi kwaqeqeshwa kanjani ukukhiqiza izimpendulo ezibonakala zifana nezomuntu? Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuqeqeshwa kwe-ChatGPT.
Sizochaza ukuthi iguquke kanjani yaba enye evelele kakhulu amamodeli olimi. Njengoba sihlola umhlaba othakazelisayo we-ChatGPT, ngena ohambweni lokuthola ulwazi.
Uhlolojikelele Lokuqeqeshwa
I-ChatGPT iyimodeli yemvelo yokucubungula ulimi.
Nge-ChatGPT, singahlanganyela ezingxoxweni ezisebenzisanayo nasezingxoxweni ezinjengomuntu. Isebenzisa indlela efanayo naleyo ye Yalela i-GPT, okuyimodeli yolimi esezingeni eliphezulu. Yakhiwe ngaphambi nje kwe-ChatGPT.
Isebenzisa indlela eheha kakhulu. Lokhu kuvumela ukusebenzisana komsebenzisi kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, iyithuluzi eliphelele lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene njengama-chatbots nabasizi ababonakalayo.
Inqubo yokuqeqesha ye-ChatGPT iyinqubo enezigaba eziningi. I-Generative Pretraining isinyathelo sokuqala ekuqeqeshweni kwe-ChatGPT.
Kulesi sigaba, imodeli iqeqeshwa ngokusebenzisa ikhorasi enkulu yedatha yombhalo. Bese, imodeli ithola ukuhlobana kwezibalo namaphethini atholakala olimini lwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, singaba nempendulo enembile nehambisanayo ngokohlelo.
Bese silandela isinyathelo sokushuna kahle okugadiwe. Kule ngxenye, imodeli iqeqeshelwa umsebenzi othile. Isibonelo, ingenza ukuhumusha kolimi noma ukuphendula imibuzo.
Okokugcina, i-ChatGPT isebenzisa ukufundwa komvuzo empendulweni yomuntu.
Manje, ake sihlole lezi zinyathelo.
I-Generative Pretraining
Izinga lokuqala lokuqeqeshwa yi-Generative Pretraining. Kuyindlela evamile yokuqeqesha amamodeli olimi. Ukudala ukulandelana kwamathokheni, indlela isebenzisa "i-paradigm yokubikezela isinyathelo esilandelayo".
Kusho ukuthini?
Ithokheni ngayinye ihlukile. Zimelela igama noma ingxenye yegama. Imodeli izama ukunquma ukuthi yiliphi igama okungenzeka lize ngokulandelayo uma kubhekwa amagama angaphambi kwalo. Isebenzisa ukusabalalisa kwamathuba kuwo wonke amatemu ngokulandelana kwayo.
Inhloso yamamodeli wolimi ukwakha ukulandelana kwamathokheni. Lokhu kulandelana kufanele kumele amaphethini nezakhiwo zolimi lwesintu. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuqeqesha amamodeli ngenani elikhulu ledatha yombhalo.
Bese, le datha isetshenziselwa ukuqonda ukuthi amagama asakazwa kanjani olimini.
Ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, imodeli ishintsha amapharamitha wokusabalalisa okungenzeka.
Futhi, izama ukunciphisa umehluko phakathi kokusabalalisa okulindelekile kanye nokwangempela kwamagama embhalweni. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokusetshenziswa komsebenzi wokulahlekelwa. Umsebenzi wokulahlekelwa ubala umehluko phakathi kokusabalalisa okulindelekile nokwangempela.
Ukucubungula ulimi lwezemvelo futhi umbono wekhompyutha zingenye yezindawo lapho sisebenzisa i-Generative Pretraining.
Inkinga Yokuqondanisa
Inkinga yokuhlanganisa ingenye yezinkinga ze-Generative Pretraining. Lokhu kubhekisela ebunzimeni bokufanisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamathuba emodeli nokusatshalaliswa kwedatha yangempela.
Ngamanye amazwi, izimpendulo ezikhiqizwe yimodeli kufanele zifane nezomuntu.
Imodeli ngezinye izikhathi ingase inikeze izimpendulo ezingalindelekile noma ezingalungile. Futhi, lokhu kungase kubangelwe izimbangela ezihlukahlukene, njengokuchema kwedatha yokuqeqesha noma ukuntula kwemodeli yokuqaphela umongo. Inkinga yokuhlelemba kumele kubhekwane nayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lezibonelo zolimi.
Ukuze unqobe lolu daba, amamodeli olimi afana ne-ChatGPT asebenzisa amasu okushuna kahle.
Ukushuna Okugadiwe
Ingxenye yesibili yokuqeqeshwa kwe-ChatGPT igadwa ukulungisa kahle. Onjiniyela abangabantu bazibandakanya ezingxoxweni kuleli qophelo, basebenza njengokubili umsebenzisi ongumuntu kanye ne-chatbot.
Lezi zinkulumo ziyarekhodwa futhi zihlanganiswe kudathasethi. Isampula ngayinye yokuqeqeshwa ihlanganisa umlando wengxoxo ohlukile ofaniswa nempendulo elandelayo yonjiniyela ongumuntu osebenza “njengengxoxo yengxoxo”.
Injongo yokuqondisa kahle okugadiwe ukukhulisa amathuba anikezwe ukulandelana kwamathokheni empendulweni ehambisanayo yimodeli. Le ndlela yaziwa ngokuthi “imfundo yokulingisa” noma “ukuhlanganisa indlela yokuziphatha.”
Ngale ndlela imodeli ingafunda ukunikeza izimpendulo ezizwakalayo ezizwakalayo nezihambisanayo. Iphindaphinda izimpendulo ezinikezwe osonkontileka abangabantu.
Ukucushwa okugadiwe kulapho imodeli yolimi ingalungiselelwa umsebenzi othile.
Ake sinikeze isibonelo. Ake sithi sifuna ukufundisa i-chatbot ukunikeza izincomo zama-movie. Sizoqeqesha imodeli yolimi ukubikezela izilinganiso zama-movie ngokusekelwe ezincazelweni zemuvi. Futhi, sizosebenzisa isethi yedatha yezincazelo zamamuvi nezilinganiso.
I-algorithm ekugcineni izothola ukuthi yiziphi izici ze-movie ezihambisana nezilinganiso eziphezulu noma ezimbi.
Ngemva kokuba isiqeqeshiwe, singasebenzisa imodeli yethu ukuphakamisa amamuvi kubasebenzisi abangabantu. Abasebenzisi bangase bachaze ifilimu abayijabulelayo, futhi i-chatbot izosebenzisa imodeli yolimi ecolisisiwe ukuncoma amafilimu engeziwe afana nayo.
Imikhawulo yokugada: I-Ditributional Shift
Ukushuna kahle okugadiwe kufundisa imodeli yolimi ukwenza umgomo othile. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuphakela imodeli a idathasethi bese uyiqeqeshela ukwenza izibikezelo. Lolu hlelo, nokho, lunemikhawulo eyaziwa ngokuthi “imikhawulo yokugada.”
Omunye wale mikhawulo "ukushintsha kokusabalalisa". Isho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi idatha yokuqeqeshwa ingase ingabonisi ngokunembile ukusatshalaliswa komhlaba wangempela kokungenayo imodeli engahlangabezana nayo.
Ake sibuyekeze isibonelo sangaphambilini. Esibonelweni sesiphakamiso se-movie, idathasethi esetshenziselwa ukuqeqesha imodeli ingase ingabonisi ngokunembile inhlobonhlobo yamamuvi nokuncanyelwayo komsebenzisi i-chatbot engahlangabezana nakho. I-chatbot ingase ingenzi kahle ngendlela ebesingathanda ngayo.
Ngenxa yalokho, ihlangabezana nemibono engafani naleyo eyibonile ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa.
Ngokufunda okugadiwe, lapho imodeli iqeqeshwa kuphela ezimweni ezithile, le nkinga iyavela.
Ukwengeza, imodeli ingase yenze kangcono lapho ibhekene noshintsho lokusabalalisa uma ukufunda kokuqinisa kusetshenziswa ukuyisiza ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha futhi ifunde emaphutheni ayo.
Ngokusekelwe Kokuncanyelwayo, Ukufunda Komvuzo
Ukufunda ngomvuzo kuyisigaba sesithathu sokuqeqesha ekwakheni i-chatbot. Ekufundeni komvuzo, imodeli ifundiswa ukukhulisa isignali yomvuzo.
Iphuzu elibonisa ukuthi imodeli iwenza ngempumelelo umsebenzi. Isiginali yomklomelo isekelwe kokufakwayo okuvela kubantu abakala noma abahlola izimpendulo zemodeli.
Ukufunda ngemiklomelo kuhlose ukuthuthukisa i-chatbot ekhiqiza izimpendulo zekhwalithi ephezulu ezithandwa ngabasebenzisi abangabantu. Ukwenza lokhu, inqubo yokufunda yomshini ibizwa ngokuthi ukuqinisa ukufunda—okuhlanganisa ukufunda empendulweni ngendlela yemivuzo-isetshenziselwa ukuqeqesha imodeli.
I-chatbot iphendula imibuzo yabasebenzisi, isibonelo, kuye ngokuwubamba kwayo manje umsebenzi, enikezwa yona ngesikhathi sokufunda ngemiklomelo. Isignali yomklomelo ibe isinikezwa ngokusekelwe endleleni i-chatbot esebenza ngayo uma izimpendulo sezihloliwe amajaji angabantu.
Lesi siginali yomvuzo isetshenziswa i-chatbot ukuze iguqule izilungiselelo zayo. Futhi, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza komsebenzi.
Eminye Imikhawulo Ekufundeni Okuvuza
Isiphazamiso sokufunda komvuzo ukuthi impendulo ezimpendulweni ze-chatbot ingase ingezi isikhathi esithile njengoba isignali yomvuzo ingase ibe yingcosana futhi ibambezeleke. Ngenxa yalokho, kungase kube inselele ukuqeqesha ngempumelelo i-chatbot ngoba ingase ingatholi impendulo ezimpendulweni ezithile kuze kube kamuva kakhulu.
Olunye udaba ukuthi amajaji angabantu angase abe nemibono noma incazelo ehlukahlukene yalokho okwenza impendulo ibe yimpumelelo, okungase kuholele ekuchemani esiginali yomvuzo. Ukunciphisa lokhu, kuvame ukusetshenziswa amajaji amaningana ukuletha isignali yomvuzo ethembeke kakhulu.
Likuphatheleni Ikusasa?
Kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa zesikhathi esizayo ezingase zithuthukise ukusebenza kwe-ChatGPT.
Ukuze kukhuliswe ukuqonda kwemodeli, umzila owodwa ongaba khona wesikhathi esizayo uwukufaka phakathi amasethi edatha okuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe nemithombo yedatha. Ukuthuthukisa ikhono lemodeli lokuqonda nokucabangela okokufaka okungekona okombhalo kungenzeka futhi.
Isibonelo, amamodeli olimi angaqonda okubonwayo noma imisindo.
Ngokuhlanganisa amasu okuqeqesha athile I-ChatGPT ingathuthukiswa nemisebenzi ethile. Ngokwesibonelo, kungenza ukuhlaziywa kwemizwa noma ukukhiqizwa kolimi lwemvelo. Sengiphetha, i-ChatGPT namamodeli olimi ahlobene akhombisa isithembiso esihle sokuthuthuka.
shiya impendulo