Ubuwazi ukuthi amakhompyutha angakhiqiza imibhalo ecishe ifane naleyo abantu abangayibhala?
Ngenxa yentuthuko ku-AI sibona igagasi lamamodeli ezilimi Ezinkulu.
Manje, basebenza ngezinga elingakaze libonwe ngaphambili!
Singasebenzisa lawa mamodeli ezimweni ezihlukahlukene ezithakazelisayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ezinye zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezijabulisayo zamamodeli wezilimi ezinkulu.
Sisho Ukuthini Ngezibonelo Zolimi Ezinkulu?
Amamodeli ezilimi amakhulu amamodeli e-AI athuthukiswe ukuhumusha nokudala ulimi lwabantu. Lawa mamodeli asebenzisa izindlela ezithuthukile zokufunda umshini.
Ngokwesibonelo, basebenzisa ukufunda okujulile ukuhlola umthamo omkhulu wedatha yombhalo. Futhi, baqonda amaphethini nezakhiwo zolimi lwemvelo.
Amamodeli aqeqeshwa kumasethi edatha amakhulu njengezincwadi, amaphepha, namakhasi ewebhu. Ngale ndlela, bangakwazi ukubamba ubunkimbinkimbi bolimi lwabantu. Ngakho-ke, bangakha okuqukethwe okungehlukaniseki ezintweni ezibhalwe ngumuntu.
Yiziphi ezinye zezibonelo zalezi zibonelo zolimi?
- GPT-3:Lena imodeli yolimi esezingeni eliphezulu edalwe i-OpenAI ekwazi ukwenza umbhalo, ukuphendula imibuzo, kanye neminye imisebenzi ye-NLP ehlukahlukene.
- ISITOLO: Lena imodeli yolimi enamandla edalwe ngu -Google engase isetshenziselwe eminye imisebenzi, njengokuphendula imibuzo nokuhumusha ulimi.
- XLNet: Le modeli yolimi ethuthukisiwe yasungulwa yi-Google kanye ne-Carnegie Mellon University futhi isebenzisa indlela yokuqeqesha enoveli ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda nokukhiqizwa kolimi lwangempela.
- ROBERTa: Le modeli yolimi yakhiwe ngabakwa-Facebook futhi isekelwe ekwakhiweni kwe-BERT. Ifinyelele ukusebenza okuphambili ezinhlelweni ezihlukene ezibandakanya ukucutshungulwa kolimi lwemvelo.
- T5: isiguquli sokudlulisa umbhalo sibe umbhalo sidalwe ngu -Google futhi ingase yenzelwe izinhloso ezehlukene ezibandakanya ukucutshungulwa kolimi lwemvelo.
- GShard: I-Google idale uhlaka lokuqeqeshwa olusabalalisiwe olungasetshenziswa ukuqeqesha amamodeli ezilimi ezinkulu.
- Megatron: NVIDIA's uhlelo lokuqeqeshwa lwemodeli yolimi olusebenza kahle kakhulu, olungaqeqesha amamodeli anepharamitha efika ku-8.3 billion.
- I-ALBERT: Inguqulo “ye-lite” esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ekalayo ye-BERT edalwe i-Google kanye ne-Toyota Technological Institute e-Chicago.
- ELECTRA: I-Google kanye ne-Stanford University badale imodeli yolimi esebenzisa isu elisha lokuqeqeshwa kwangaphambili elibizwa ngokuthi "ukuqeqeshwa kwangaphambili okucwasayo" ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza kwayo emisebenzini engezansi.
- I-Reformer: Kuyimodeli yolimi lwe-Google esebenzisa indlela yokunaka esebenza kahle kakhudlwana ukuze inike amandla ukuqeqeshwa kwamamodeli amakhulu ngokuqonda okusheshayo.
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izimo zokusetshenziswa zalezi zinhlobo zezilimi ezinkulu?
Izimo Zokusetshenziswa Okubalulekile Zamamodeli Olimi Olukhulu
Ukuhlaziywa kwemizwa
Lawa mamodeli angahlola umbhalo futhi anqume ukuthi umuzwa muhle, awumbi, noma awuthathi hlangothi. Ikakhulukazi, basebenzisa ukucutshungulwa kolimi lwemvelo kanye ukufunda imishini izindlela zokwenza lokhu.
Ngenxa yekhono lawo lokubona umongo nencazelo yamagama emshweni, amamodeli afana ne-BERT ne-RoBERTa asetshenziselwa ukuhlaziywa kwemizwa.
Ukuhlaziya imizwa kuya ngokuya kunemba futhi kusebenza kahle ngamamodeli olimi. Singasebenzisa ukuhlaziya imizwa emikhakheni eyahlukene efana nokumaketha, isevisi yamakhasimende, nokunye.
Ama-Chatbots nama-ejenti ezingxoxo
Ama-ejenti ezingxoxo nama-chatbots aqala ukuduma ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza. Sithola ukuwasebenzisa ekuhlinzekeni amakhasimende nasekuthengiseni kanye nasemfundweni nasekunakekelweni kwezempilo. Izibonelo zezilimi ezinkulu ziyingqikithi yalezi zinhlelo.
Bangakwazi ukuhumusha futhi baphendule imibono yomuntu ngolimi lwemvelo. Amamodeli afana ne-GPT-3 ne-BERT ngokuvamile asetshenziswa kuma-chatbots ukuze adale izimpendulo ezihehayo.
Lawa mamodeli aqeqeshwe ngenqwaba yedatha yombhalo. Bangakwazi ukuqonda futhi balingise amaphethini nezakhiwo zolimi lwabantu. Ama-Chatbots angathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenzelana kwamakhasimende.
Ukuhumusha kolimi
Singakwazi ukuhumusha umbhalo usuka kolunye uye kolunye ngokunemba okungavamile ngenxa yamamodeli amakhulu olimi. Lawa mamodeli aqonda ubunkimbinkimbi bezilimi eziningana. Futhi, zihlobene ngokuqeqeshwa emiqulwini emikhulu yedatha yombhalo wezilimi eziningi.
Amamodeli wokuhumusha ulimi adumile afaka i-OpenAI's GPT-3, i-Facebook's M2M-100, kanye ne-Google's Neural Machine Translation (NMT). Ngenxa yezinguquko ezilethwa yilawa mamodeli, manje sekulula kakhulu ukuxhumana nabantu emhlabeni wonke.
Ukufinyezwa kombhalo
Ukufingqa umbhalo kuyinqubo yokunciphisa umbhalo omude ube isifinyezo kuyilapho ulondoloza amaphuzu abalulekile. Amamodeli olimi amakhulu angahlola abuye aqonde ukwakheka kwetheksthi. Lokhu kubenza bakwazi ukunikeza izifinyezo ezinembayo, okubenza babe usizo kakhulu kulo mkhakha.
Kumisebenzi yesifinyezo sombhalo, amamodeli afana ne-BERT ne-GPT-3, asetshenzisiwe. Abonisa impumelelo emangalisayo ekukhiqizeni izifinyezo ezihlanganisa imiqondo eyinhloko yombhalo.
Singakhipha ulwazi embhalweni omude osebenza ngokubalulekile kwezokuxhumana, emthethweni, nasemfundweni.
Ukuphendula umbuzo
Ukunikeza umshini ngombuzo futhi ulindele ukuthi uqhamuke nempendulo efanele kwaziwa njengokuphendula umbuzo ekucutshungulweni kolimi lwemvelo. Amamodeli ezilimi amakhulu njenge-GPT-3 ne-BERT adalwe enale nhloso engqondweni.
Lawa mamodeli ahlola umbuzo wokufakwayo futhi akhethe ulwazi olufanele kakhulu kudatha.
Lawa mamodeli ahlola umbuzo wokufakwayo futhi akhethe idatha ebaluleke kakhulu enanini elikhulu lolwazi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa eyinkimbinkimbi amanethiwekhi we-neural.
Ngamandla alawa mamodeli, singakwazi ukuthuthukisa amasistimu okuthola izixazululo zezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa amandla ethu okufunda nokwenza izinqumo.
Ukwakhiwa kokuqukethwe nokukhiqizwa kombhalo
Amamodeli ezilimi amakhulu akhiqiza okuqukethwe kwekhwalithi ephezulu, okubandakanyayo emikhakheni eyahlukene. Lawa mamodeli angaqamba ama-athikili, okuthunyelwe kwenkundla yezokuxhumana, izincazelo zemikhiqizo, nokuningi. Isibonelo, i-GPT-3 iyimodeli ethandwayo kuleli cala.
Kwakha okuqukethwe okunzima ukukuhlukanisa embhalweni obhalwe abantu. Ngokusebenzisa lezi zibonelo, izinkampani zingonga isikhathi nezindleko. Bangakwazi ukuxhumana nezithameli zabo kalula kakhulu.
Ukubonwa kwenkulumo nokulotshwa kwenkulumo-kuya-umbhalo
Ukuqashelwa kwenkulumo nokulotshwa kwenkulumo-kuya-umbhalo kokubili kusebenzisa amamodeli olimi amakhulu.
Lawa mamodeli, ikakhulukazi, aqeqeshwe ngedatha yomsindo. Futhi, basebenzisa i-Advanced umshini wokufunda ama-algorithms ukuloba ngokunembile amagama akhulunyiwe abe umbhalo. I-Wav2vec, ethuthukiswe yi-Facebook AI, iyisibonelo esisodwa semodeli yolimi esetshenziselwa ukuqaphela inkulumo.
Le modeli iqeqeshelwe ukubona nokukhipha izici ezifanele kokufakwayo komsindo. Ingasetshenziselwa ukunakwa kwenkulumo noma eminye imisebenzi yokucubungula ulimi lwemvelo.
Izinkampani zingakhuphula ikhwalithi nesivinini samasevisi azo okuloba kuyilapho zehlisa izindleko futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle ngokuthatha amamodeli amakhulu olimi.
Ukugoqa, Linjani Ikusasa?
Izibonelo zezilimi ezinkulu zizodlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Abacwaningi nonjiniyela bazama ukuthuthukisa lawa mamodeli ukuze abe namandla kakhulu.
Singaba nokuqonda okuthuthukisiwe komongo kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokunemba. Futhi, singazuza kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi okunembile nokungenazihibe ezinkundleni ezihlukahlukene.
Bangashintsha indlela esixhumana ngayo nokuxhumana nobuchwepheshe.
shiya impendulo