Okuqukethwe[Fihla][Bonisa]
Ukuzenzakalela kanye nokugeleza kwedatha yezokwelapha okungavumelaniyo kungaba wusizo kubo bobabili odokotela neziguli, ikakhulukazi ekwelapheni labo abanezifo ezinzima kanye nokuphazamiseka okungapheli.
Njengamanje, ukuxhumana phakathi kweziguli nodokotela kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokubonisana komuntu mathupha, lapho iziguli zithola ukuxilongwa, ukwelashwa (ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa okulandelayo), kanye/noma imiyalelo ngezinqubo ezengeziwe.
Uma isiguli sinesifo esingalapheki, ingabe lokhu kwelashwa kusaphumelela ekwelapheni izifo ezivamile njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane?
Akunjalo, njengoba abantu abanezifo ezingelapheki abadingi nje ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nokuqapha kodwa futhi bakuthola kunzima ukwenza aphoyintimenti odokotela ngezikhathi ezithile lapho kudingeka.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IoT ekunakekelweni kwezempilo zingasiza ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga futhi ziqinisekise ukunakekelwa kwesiguli okuthuthukisiwe, ngokwesibonelo, kubantu abanezifo ezingelapheki abadinga ukuqashwa okuqhubekayo kanye nalabo abahlala ezindaweni ezikude abanokufinyelela okulinganiselwe ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha.
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sibheka ngokujulile amathuba e-IoT ebhizinisini lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Iyini i-IoT ngokunembile, futhi kungani ibalulekile embonini yezokunakekelwa kwempilo?
I-IoT, ngamafuphi, iwumqondo wekhompuyutha etholakala yonke indawo, okuwukucubungula idatha exhunywe emisebenzini noma ezintweni zangaphandle.
Ukuxhuma amagajethi kagesi nama-microprocessors nezinzwa ukuze akwazi ukuxhumana namanye kwaziwa ngokuthi i-computing yonke indawo.
I-IoT ifana nenethiwekhi etholakala yonke indawo, ngaphandle kokuthi zonke izisetshenziswa zikagesi ezikuyo kufanele zifinyelele ku-inthanethi.
I-IoT emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ingumfanekiso omuhle kakhulu wale khompuyutha etholakala yonke indawo.
Isibonelo, kungenzeka ukuthi kufakwe amakhulukhulu emishini kagesi ehlakaniphile esibhedlela ukuze kuqashwe impilo yeziguli ngokuqhubekayo, ukuxhumana, ukwenza izinqumo, nokulayisha idatha endaweni yokunakekelwa kwezempilo esekelwe emafini.
Isebenza Kanjani IoT Ekunakekelweni Kwezempilo?
Ake sibheke ukuthi i-IoT isebenza kanjani ngokujwayelekile ukuze siqonde kangcono ukuthi i-inthanethi Yezinto Ekunakekelweni Kwezempilo isebenza kanjani.
Idivayisi ye-IoT iyigajethi enenzwa ekwazi ukuxhumana nomhlaba wangempela futhi idlulisele idatha ku-inthanethi.
Lawa magajethi angaqoqa idatha yesiguli ehlukahlukene futhi athathe impendulo kochwepheshe bezokwelapha emkhakheni wokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Isibonelo esiyimpumelelo se-inthanethi Yezinto ekunakekelweni kwezempilo ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kweglucose kumapeni e-insulin asetshenziswa iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela.
Wonke lawa magajethi anamandla okuxhumana namanye futhi, ngezikhathi ezithile, enze izenzo ezibalulekile ezingase zinikeze usizo olusheshayo noma zisindise ukuphila.
Isibonelo, uma umuntu omdala ewa, igajethi yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ye-IoT ingenza isinqumo esihlakaniphile njengokufonela isikhungo sezempilo.
Idivayisi yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ye-IoT ingadlulisela lolu lwazi olubalulekile efwini ngemva kokuqoqa idatha yokungenzi lutho ukuze odokotela benze okuthile ngakho - babheke isimo sesiguli sisonke, banqume ukuthi kufanele yini ukushayela i-ambulensi, banqume ukuthi hlobo luni losizo oludingekayo, njalonjalo.
I-inthanethi Yezinto Zokunakekelwa Kwezempilo ngaleyo ndlela ingathuthukisa kakhulu impilo yesiguli futhi inikeze usizo ezimeni eziphuthumayo, futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezisebenzi zezokwelapha futhi iqondise izinqubo zasesibhedlela.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IoT ku-Healthcare
Iziqaphi Zezinga Lenhliziyo Ngokubika
Iziguli zingagqoka amagajethi ukuze zilandele izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yazo futhi zihlole umfutho wegazi wazo ukuze zibone ukuthi azinawo yini umfutho wegazi owedlulele.
Uma kudingeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa nokuhlolwa, abasebenzi bezempilo bazokwazi ukufinyelela ukubika idatha yokuqapha inhliziyo yesiguli.
Ngisho neziguli ezine-arrhythmias, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukushaywa unhlangothi, noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okugcwele umoya zingathola izexwayiso kusukela kumadivayisi agqokekayo kuya kubasebenzi bezokwelapha.
Umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokufa unganqunywa ukuthi ama-ambulensi athunyelwa ngokushesha kangakanani.
Iziqaphi Zemisebenzi Yeziguli Zomdlavuza
Isinyathelo esingcono kakhulu sesiguli somdlavuza ngokuvamile sincike ezintweni ngaphandle nje kweminyaka nesisindo. Indlela yokwelashwa efanele kubo izoncika kakhulu emikhubeni yabo namazinga okuqina.
Abaqaphi bomsebenzi bahlale bebheka imisebenzi yesiguli, izinga lokukhathala, indlala, njll.
Ukwengeza, idatha eqoqwe kumkhondo ngaphambi nangemuva kokwelashwa izokwazisa odokotela ukuthi yiziphi izinguquko okufanele zenziwe ohlelweni lokwelapha oluphakanyisiwe.
Amasevisi Wendawo
Abasebenzi bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bangakwazi ukuhlonza kalula izinto ezifana nezihlalo zabakhubazekile, izikali, ama-defibrillator, ama-nebulizer, amaphampu, noma izinto zokuqapha ngokuzimaka ngezinzwa ze-IoT.
Okokusebenza okuphathekayo kuvame ukulahleka noma kube yinselele ukuyithola, kodwa nge-IoT, abasebenzi bayohlale bekwazi ukuthi ukuphi.
Amaphilisi evidiyo edijithali
Iphilisi elihlakaniphile linamandla okuthwebula izithombe njengoba lidlula ohlelweni lokugaya lwesiguli. Ingakwazi ke ukudlulisa idatha eqoqwe kudivayisi egqokekayo, ezoyidlulisela kuhlelo lokusebenza oluthile lwe-smartphone (noma iqonde ngqo kuhlelo lokusebenza).
Ukwengeza, amaphilisi ahlakaniphile anganikeza ukubonwa okukude kwekholoni kanye nesistimu yokugaya ukudla.
Ukulandelela Ukucindezeleka
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IoT zithuthuke kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lapho ziqashwe khona ukuze kwehliswe ukuphelelwa ithemba nokukhathazeka. Isongo esixhunyiwe, isibonelo, singakwazi ukubona izinkomba zokuhlasela kokwethuka.
Uma isigameko esinjalo sikhonjwa, ibhendi yazisa umsebenzisi noma abanakekeli babo futhi inikeza izincomo ezipholile.
Ngokufanayo, Umsizi we-Google kanye ne-Alexa kungasiza abathengi bathole futhi bakhulume ngendlela okungenzeka ngayo Impilo yengqondo izinkinga.
Izinzwa ezidliwayo
Iziguli manje zingadla amagajethi anezinzwa afana namaphilisi. Ngemva kokugayeka, izinzwa zidlulisela idatha kuhlelo lokusebenza lweselula lwesiguli, oluzozisiza ukuthi zithobele imithamo enconyiwe yemiyalelo yazo.
Izidakamizwa eziningi azithathwa njengoba kushiwo ngoba abantu bayakhohlwa noma benza amanye amaphutha. Le nzwa edliwayo yenza isiqiniseko sokuthi iziguli zithola imithi efanele ngamanani afanele ngezikhathi ezifanele.
Ukwengeza, izinzwa ezithile ezidliwayo zisetshenziselwa ukwenza ukuxilonga izimo ezihlanganisa i-irritable bowel syndrome kanye nomdlavuza wekoloni kucace kakhudlwana ezigulini.
Izinzuzo
Izinzuzo eziningi ze-IoT emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu, nokho, ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi amadivayisi okunakekelwa kwezempilo e-IoT aqoqa idatha enembe kakhulu, imiphumela yokwelashwa ingathuthukiswa kakhulu noma yenziwe ibe mikhulu.
Ngenxa yesilinganiso esisheshayo nokudluliselwa kwalo lonke ulwazi lwesiguli ebhodini lodokotela noma inkundla yefu yokunakekelwa kwempilo, izikhungo zezokwelapha kanye nodokotela bazokwazi ukunciphisa amaphutha.
Lawa madivayisi e-IoT angase enze izahlulelo ezihlakaniphile noma izincomo ngokusekelwe kudatha esivele itholakala ngenxa yama-algorithms aqhutshwa yi-AI.
Izindleko ezincishisiwe ziyinzuzo enhle ye-IoT ekunakekelweni kwezempilo.
I-IoT ekunakekelweni kwezempilo izovumela iziguli ezingabalulekile ukuthi zihlale ekhaya kuyilapho izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini ye-IoT ziqapha futhi zidlulisele yonke imininingwane ebalulekile esikhungweni sokunakekelwa kwezempilo, okuholela ekuhlaleni okuncane ezibhedlela nokuvakashelwa kodokotela.
Izikhungo zezempilo zizokwazi ukuphatha kangcono izifo ngosizo lwemininingwane enemininingwane eqoqwe kumishini eminingi ye-IoT.
Bazothola idatha eyengeziwe ngesikhathi sangempela kunangaphambili. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuletha izinselele ezihlukahlukene.
Izinselele
Indawo yokuhlasela izokhula ngamadivaysi e-IoT.
Ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kwe-IoT kunezinzuzo eziningi zomkhakha, kodwa futhi kuveza amaphuzu amaningi okuphepha abuthakathaka. Abagebengu bangase bathole ukufinyelela kumishini yezokwelapha exhunywe ku-inthanethi futhi bantshontshe noma baguqule idatha.
Ukuze uthelele amadivaysi e-IoT ngegciwane elesabekayo le-Ransomware, angase aqhubeke nesinyathelo esisodwa futhi ahlasele yonke inethiwekhi yesibhedlela.
Iziqapha zokushaya kwenhliziyo yeziguli, ukufundwa komfutho wegazi, nezithwebuli zobuchopho konke kuzothunjwa abaduni ngenxa yalokho.
Ukufakwa kwedatha okukhiqizwe ngezinga elikhulu
Isikhungo sokunakekelwa kwezempilo esisodwa esinezinkulungwane zamadivayisi kanye nenye inkulungwane ehlinzeka ngedatha evela ezindaweni ezikude ngesikhathi sangempela izokhiqiza imiqulu yedatha.
Izidingo zesitoreji se-IoT ekunakekelweni kwezempilo kulindeleke ukuthi zikhule kakhulu, ukusuka eTerabytes kuye kuPetabytes.
Uma isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, ama-algorithms aqhutshwa yi-AI kanye nefu kungasiza ekuhleleni nasekwenzeni umqondo wale datha, kodwa le ndlela ithatha isikhathi ukuthuthuka.
Ngakho-ke kuzodinga isikhathi esiningi nomzamo ukuthuthukisa isisombululo esikhulu sokunakekelwa kwezempilo kwe-IoT.
Ingqalasizinda ye-software ekhona isindala.
Izibhedlela eziningi zinezingqalasizinda ze-IT eziphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngeke bavumele ukuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo kwamadivayisi e-IoT. Ngenxa yalokho, izikhungo zezempilo kuzodingeka zibuyekeze izinqubo zazo ze-IT futhi zisebenzise isofthiwe entsha, yesimanje.
Ukwengeza, bazodinga ukuzuza ngokubonakalayo (ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-SDN ne-NFV), kanye namanethiwekhi angenantambo asheshayo namaselula afana ne-Advanced LTE noma i-5G.
Ikusasa
I-IoT ekunakekelweni kwezempilo ayikho yodwa. Ukuze izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo zikwazi ukwenza isimanjemanje, wonke amadivaysi e-IoT namanethiwekhi kufanele kuhlanganiswe nobunye ubuchwepheshe.
I-IoT izoshintsha ibhizinisi lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, kodwa futhi izodinga idatha, ukudluliswa kwesivinini esikhulu, nokuhambisana nokuphepha okwanele.
I-IoT yokunakekelwa kwezempilo idinga ukuhamba kanye nesivinini se-latency esiphansi kakhulu, esizolethwa yi-5G.
The amachibi idatha ezitholwe ezinhlobonhlobo zamadivayisi zizobe seziqondwa yizixazululo eziqhutshwa yi-AI. Amasu e-Big Data azosebenzisa lawa ma-algorithms e-AI ukuhlola idatha ngesikhathi sangempela futhi afinyelele izahlulelo ezibalulekile zezempilo.
Ingqalasizinda endala ezibhedlela ingancishiswa noma iqedwe ngokusetshenziswa kwe-virtualization.
Isiphetho
Ukuhlinzekwa kwemboni yezokunakekelwa kwempilo kwezinsiza kuguqulwa yi-IoT. Ngokuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa okuncane, lobu buchwepheshe buthuthukisa umkhiqizo futhi bunomthelela omkhulu.
Kafushane, i-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) inamandla okuletha uguquko emkhakheni obaluleke kakhulu empilweni yomhlaba njengokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Kusenezinselelo eziningi, izinto ezixakile, nezithiyo zobuchwepheshe okufanele kubhekwane nazo.
Nakuba lo mbono usunakho kokubili izinzuzo nezihibe, izinto zibonakala zihamba kahle kakhulu kulokhu kuqanjwa kwesimanjemanje.
shiya impendulo